US1570488A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

um. 19 ',1926. A 11,570,488

l 'v J. HILDEBRANDT lOIL BURNER I Filed Nov. 19, 1924 -2 sheets-sheet 1 gnou/tto@ aucune/1,4

Patented Jan. 19,'1926.

1 tion,

burner UNITED ,STATES` JULIUS H. HILDEBRADT, 0F CLEVELANI), OHIO.

" v'Application led November 19, l1924. Serial No. 750,904.

' To aZZ whomy it may concern:

This invention relates to liquid fuel burn ers particularly/those wherein the fuel is fed by'gravity, andwherein air Ais supplied under pressure for supportingcombustion.

One of x'the' dificulties in operating oil burnersof the forced draft type is the' at- -taingnent of uniform distribution of fuel within the` combustion zone. A further'A problem is to prevent thefaccumulation of aA gummy substance which tends to stick -to the met-al and to clog the fuel passageways.

(One ofthe objects ofthe present' inventherefore, is the provision of an oil wherein the fuel distributing' means isl so arranged that the oil is'caused toiow uniformly withouty necessitating the use of' elongated closed passageways wherein gum- -my'deposits may accumulate, range the air conduit thatthe. air. for supand -to so ard porting combustion is caused to commingle which w en once installed may with the oil', and to iow through'tlie passagewaystending to-maintain the passage-v l clear while the burner isin use.

was v further object' of my invention l1s .the

provision of an -oilburner which may be readily installed in furnaces having a comsmall combustion4 s ace, and

parativel e readily dismantled for cleaning purposes through 10A and `11. A grate 12-is disposed across the top the l usual'fire door opening. In addition, I

provide 'a burner 'which' requires very little machine'work to effect proper coordination of the component parts.

, .The preferredV means for carrying out my invention Ais illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a vertical section throughv a portion of a furnace showing my 'invention installed therein; Fig. 2 is a er- 'spective view of the fuel distributor; ig. '3 is a transverse sectionthrough thedisd tribut'or, and Fig. 4 is 'as vertical section.

throu h a portion ofa furnace showing` a modi cationof my burner.

My invention is illustrated within a furnacefthe walls o f whichareindicated at the `base of which is illustrated at thefire .b'ox door. 'to be posltioned uponthe -grate and .is arof the base and represents any suitable or ATENT ortica convenient form of grate. An opening 13 in the base may comprise the usual opening for the ash pit door, while an opening 14 in the furnace .wall indicates the opening for The burner is adapted ranged to be 'inserted through the fire box doorl opening for assembling purposes. The

conduits through which the fuel andv air are admitted are preferably arranged to be led through the ash pit door opening.'

The burner illustrated in Fig. 1 has a central air conduit which extends through the grate. bo'dying a plurality of sections l17, 18 vand 19 which communicate with an air'supply pipel.- Anoil supply"'conduit 20V extends through the air conduit vand-is arranged to.

'1o This conduit isfshown as embe attached at the'upperend thereof to an o1l distrlbutor indicated at 21.. This distributor preferably rests upon'. the' uppermostedge' ofthe air conduit and has openings 22 for allo-wing the passage 'of .air therethrough. The fuel distributor hasspaced lpassage ways 22 which extend downwardlyv from the 'topl 23A of the distributor and terminate ad jacent vertical passagewaysg24 for enabling l 'oil -to drop'upon the outer'surface of the and at the same time to utiliz'eztlie action-of To effect intermingl'ing of the air and oil a. moving current of air for preventing the accumulation 'of gummy deposits upon the distributor, I employ a hood v25. The hood. may be supported upon the distributorfibyy spaced ribs 26, as-shown in Fig. 1. -This permits the hood to' be'li'fted from lthe distributor through the fire door` jopening 4and thus renders the "distributorreadily accessible for'cleaning purposes.

To deflect the commingled air and fuel ini to the furnace, I have shown in Fig. 1 a

conical baffle 30 which'h'as-a trough 31 at the base thereof for. -holding a smallv uan.- tity of fuel which may be ignited for eating the burner before the fuel is turned on. The sloping sides of the `conical .baie func- 4tionito effect' a thorough intermingling of air and fuel on all sides" of the burne'nf To les deflect' the fuel and air laterally intdthe combustion zone, lI have shown a'b'aiie indicated i'n Fig. 1 at 29'beneath the conical baffle and above a base 32. Thebase'is arranged to re'st uplili the grate and to have an upwardly exten g -iange 33 'whiclrforms sageways which lead from the lchamberl 1 41 at the central part of the distributor and the intermediate section of the air conduit and is arranged to support the baiiie 30. The baiile 29 moreover hasl a central opening 34 for enabling overflow oil to'entera trough 35 inthe base from which an overilow conduit 36 leads to a suitable oil supply cut-oft 'mechanism (not shown) One of the diiiiculties in the operation of an` oil burner having air supplied under ing .a gas distributor, the openings from which extends in the same general direction as the air current. VInfthe preferred form the distributor is formedintegral with the oil diftributor and embodies spaced pastermin'ate in downwardly extending passageways42. A supply conduit 43 is shown as connected at. the top to the distributor so as to communicate with the chamber 41 and as enclosing the oil conduit 20.

To effect a satisfactory connection between the gas and oil conduits v and the air conduit, without: disturbing the oily distributor, I have shown thelower section 19 of the air conduit as having an enlarged openin 45 adjacent the bottom thereof` through w ich thegas and oil conduits extend. A suitable fitting 46 may be threaded onto the gas pipe outside th-e lower section of the air conduit until a gas tight connection is made therewith. This fitting whenl drawn tightlyagainst a washer 47. functions to clamp une air'sections tightly together, whereby th e Voil-'distributor -is maintained 1n level posijtion, Veven though the burner should be A Ajarred by impact of an object which Vmay be thrown into the furnace.

":The fitting 46 moreover provides a suitable means for receiving a gas sup'ply conduit .48, and an oil supply conduit 49, which areshown as leading outwardly from the furnace through the ash pit door opening.

By making the oil distributor integral with the gas distributor, the position of the gas pilot is always maintained in proper relationship to the flow of oil. Moreover, by

providing spaced notches adjacent the top 'of the baille 30, then the arms 5l forming partof the gas distributor mav 4enter these recesses and keep the distributor from rotating with reference to the bafHe when the fitting`46 is threaded ontothe conduit 43.

This brings the distributor'into close fitting `1 engagement with the top'of. the baiiie, wherefore airiliowing through the burner is caused to pass through the openings 22 and to enter vthe hood. The air. then asses downwardlyacross the top of the 011 distributor and out between the hood and section 17. Some of the air will flow through the .pas-

sageways 24, thereby functioning to malntain the passageways free'from gummy deosits and to keep the burner operatingat its highest eiiiciency. j

To eliminate the necessity for a plurality of. castings between the grate and the distributor, I have shown in Fig. 4, a single 1 upon the top of the baiiie 30a and has the arms 51 which comprise the gas distributor disposed in notches 50. The distributor and hood construction is the same in the modified arrangement as that employed in Fig. 1. This simplifies the burner construction an facilitates the assembly thereof.

From the foregoing Adescription it will be evident that I have provided an oil burner wherein the fuel 1s maintained comvparatively cool until it is ejected into the combustion zone of the furnace, and wherein the air for supporting combustion is caused to flow across and through the oil distributor and to maintain it in .proper working condition.

A particular advantage ofthe arrangement illustrated bymy invention is the factthat the oil distributor may be clamped firmly to the supporting baiiie wherefore uniform distribution of fuel may be maintained after the burner is assembled.

1. In combinatioman air conduit, an oil distributor resting on said conduit, a fuel supply pipe extending through the air c onduit and connected to the-distributor, a hood positioned on the distributor, said distributor having openings therein for enabling airto flow from the conduit through. the distributor, and-said distributor having a `plurality of spaced passageways for conducting air fromthe supply pipe to'spaced wardly vover the distributor and around the outer side of the air conduit, a baiiie associated with the air conduit for defiecting the combined mixture outwardly, said air conduit having an opening adjacent the bottom thereof, the fuel. pipe extending through said opening, and a member threaded to the fuel'pipe outside the air conduit, saidniember functioning to clamp the distributor, 'the air conduit, and the fuel supply pipeftogether, and saidmember providing a continuation of the fuel supply pipe.

2. In an oil burner, the combination with an air conduit, of a fuelsupply conduit extending through the center of theair con'` duit, a fuel distributor connected to the fuel .supply conduit and in abutting -engagement with the top of the air conduit, a gas conduit valso disposedl within the airconduit,

said distributor havin()r a yassaefewav leading from thc oil conduit, and having another passageway leading from the 'gas conduit whereby 'the oil and gas are caused to flow in the-samel general direction while being ldischarged from the distributor. Y

3; In an 'oil burner, the combination with an air conduitfadapted to extend through aA4 grate, said conduit having a conical ba-iie I associated therewith, andl having a fuelreceiving trough adj acentthe base of the baffle, a fuel distributor rigidly connected to the top of the air conduit, gas and liquid fuel Supply conduits within the air conduit, and

operatively connected to the distributor,

spaced passageways within the distributor for directing the liquid fuel and gas to flow downwardlyonto the baiiie, said distributor having an vopening therein. whereby air is caused to flow through the distributor, and a hood carried by the distributor for delecting air downwardly whereby some of the air flows through` the liquid lfuel passageways whilethe rest of the air flows around the gas passageways and onto said baffle.

4. In an oil burner, the 'combination with an -air conduit, of an oil vdistributor rigidly mounted on the top o'f'the air conduit, a portion of said conduit extending downwardly to provide an oil trough, and-'extending laterally to provide a baiiesupport,

-a baffle of refractory material positioned .sageways leading downwardly andoutwardly from the vtopiof the opening and a gas passageway extending radially from the central opening, said gas passageway and oil passageways having the outlet ends thereof extending in the same general direction `whereby oil and gas moving ltherethrough 5'5 are caused vto flow insubstantially the same direction.

6. A distributor for an oil burner embody ing a hollow member having a central opening, al gas pipe'and an oil pipe communicating with the opening, 'an oil conduiteX- tending to the top of the distributor, a plu rality of spaced passagewaysleading from Aifueldistributor for an oil burne1.

the oil conduit, there being openings 1n the I member intermediate the passageways for enabling the passage of air therethrough to support combustiong'spaced arms extend ing radially from, thecentral opening and having passageways therein, 'communicating with the gas conduit, the oil and gas passageways' being so positioned ,with relation to each other that oil 'and `gas flowing respectively therethrough are caused to leave the distributor in the same general direction. Y In testimony whereof, lI hereunto affix my signature. v

1 5 J'ULIUS' H HUJDEBRANDT

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