US1569382A - Bookbinding - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 12 1926. 1,569,382

Ln R.I EVV|S BOOKBINDING Filed Jan. 29, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Maeaior l.. R. LEWIS BooK-BINDING Jan, 12 1926.

2 sh'ets-sheet 2 Filed Jan. 29, 1924 Patented Jan. 12, 1926.

LEO 12.. LEWIS,- OF soMERvILLn, MASSACHUSETTS.

BOOKBINDING.

Application led January 29, 1924. Serial No. 689,253.

To all 2U/tom t may concern."

Be it known that I, LEO R, LEWIS, a citi- :vzen of the- United States of America, and resident of Somerville, in the county of Mddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in lilookbindmg, of which thefollowmg kis a specification.

This invention relates to bindingsl forv booksand more particularly to reinforcing or strengthening means therefor.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate anV embodiment of the invention, Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a book of usual type opened to show the application of reinforcing means thereto according to the'present invention;

Fig. l is a side elevation of the same book closed;

Fig. is a side view in perspective of an f anchor strip forming a principal feature of the invention;

Fig. #l isa side elevation partly broken away illustrating the application of the in- 25 vention tothe permanent 'binding of books; F 5 is a fragmentary rear elevation of trie binding shown in Fig. 4,*certain parts being broken away to show the interior construction Fig. 6 isa cross section on the line 6 6 Yof Fig. l to larger scale and with the thickness of certain of the elements greatly exaggerated for clearness of illustration;

Fig. 7 is a perspective viewl of the anchor strip as constructed for use in'bindings such as shown in Fig. t;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the anchor strip showing it in one of the positions which it assumes when in use;

Fig. 9 is a plan view of a book arrange in a temporary binder and provided with the tinding reinforcing means of the present inrention; j

Fig. 1() is a fragmentary section through a book illustrating the first steps of the production of Aa binding such as shown in Fig. 9; r

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing a further step in the preparation of the binding;

F 12 is a similar view illustrating a later step; f

Fig. 13 is a similar section showing the binder and book completely assembled.

.F ig. 14 is afragmentary perspective view to larger scale showing an expansible filler hereinafter' described; and

15 villustrates a modified form of binding.

The book illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises covers 1 and 2, a flexible back 3, and leaves 4i,r the latter being bound within the covers in any usual or desirable manner. In practising the present invention, vI open the book at a convenient point, as for example between signatures Or to expose the middle leaves of a signature, and with a suitablef/ sharp implement pierce through the back from the inside of the book. I next provide an anchor strip 5k Fig. 3) preferably a ribbon-like strip of strong flexible material, for example, textile fabric, double such 'strip substantially at its center to form the fold or bight 6 and with the assistance ofa blunt implement pushV the folded portion of the strip from the inside of the book outA through the perforation in the back, permitting the folded portion to project to a predetermined extent from the back. I then secure the free ends 7 and 8 ofthe anchor strip to the opposite surfaces of the adjacent leaves ofthe book, adhesive constituting effective means for securing'the .parts to` gether.

The projecting folded end of the anchor strip is of broad utility in strengthening the binding and securing its several elements together. A plurality of such anchor strips may be employed if desired, one having a function specifically different from that of another, or all having the same specific function, in accordance with the particular embodiment of the invention. For example, certain of theanchor strips may, as

shown in Fig. 2, constitute means for tylng the inner leaves of the book securely to its permanent covers, while Others may tie such leaves to an attaching flap employed in securing the book within a temporary binder.

The first arrangement is illustrated in Figs. t to 8. In application of the invention to. a permanent binding illustrated in Vthe latter figures the book is shown as comprising the covers 9 and 10 and leaves 11. I prefer to provide a reinforcing or mooring strip 12 of strong tough and flexible material, as for example textile fabric, which is interposed between the Opposed faces of ad jacent leaves 11"L and lll. This mooring strip is doubled lengthwise and extends across the fold at the back of the book being attached to the leaves of the book in any desired manner, as Ytor example by the employeinent ot adhesive.

In practicing this torm of the invention an anchor strip similar in general to the anchor strip above described is provided, such strip being tolded at l2 (Fig. 7), and comprising the free end portions 13 and 14. The book is opened out substantially flat, slits are made through its back and also through the n'iooring strip l2 at the told in the latter, and the folded ends et theanchor strips are pushed through the openings until such itolded ends project beyond the back ot the book. The tree ends l) and 14 of the anchor strips are then secured by means ot adhesive or in other suitable ,inanner to the opposed surfaces ol the mooring strip 12, or it' such strip is not used they are then secured directly to the opposed surfaces of adjacent leaves ot' the book, as previously described.

rllhe rearwardly projecting folded portions ot the anchor strips are divided longitudinally as indicated at l5 to form attaching tabs 1G and 17 respectively. These tabs 1G and 17 are bent in opposite directions and turned over against the outer surfaces of j the respective covers 9 and l0, to which they are secured by means ot adhesive or other attaching means. Vilhile the parts designated 9 and 10 have been described as the original covers ot' the book, they are to be taken as broadly illustrative or" covers in general., as for example covers substituted for the original ones or outer protective covers additional to the covers proper. ln the drawings two of the anchor strips are shown but it is to be understood that a greater or less number may be employed it desired. It is also contemplated that the anchor strips may be divided to provide a greater number ot' attaching tabs than herein shown it it should be 'found desirable so to do.

After the anchor strips have been secured in position, an outer binder strip ttl is preterably apglied to the back such strip extending longitudinally ot the back and being of sufficient width to cover and conceal the attaching tabs ot the anchor strips.

lWhile the binding ust described is particularly adapted ernianently to secure the covers to a book w iich is not to be arranged within a temporary binder, it is evident that if desired, additional anchor strips may be applied for securing the book to a temporary binder, such strips projecting outwardly beyond the back of the book as shown in Fig. 2. It is further contemplated that under some circumstances the anchor strips attaching the permanent covers to the book will be omitted and only those useful tor securing the book in a temporary binder will be retained. This latter arrangement is illustrated in Figs. 9 to l5.

In Fig. 9 a temporary binder is shown ot the type disclosed in my U. S. Patent No. 1,347,342, dated July 20, 1920 comprising the covers 19 and 20 and the iexible back 2l. The covers and back are integral, beine` made from suitable sheet material, such ror example, as heavy paper, the back being preterably scored so as to 'told or bend on predetermined lines. The binder shown is provided with a pair of flexible attaching straps 22 whose ends pass inwardly through openings in the back 2l of the cover to hold Athe book in the binder. A. fastener 23, preterably in the torni ol a sott strip of metal disposed within the cover ot the binder, extends longitudinally troni the one strap 22 to the other, its ends being bent to pass through openings 24 in the straps and through the binding ot the book, and being then turned inwardly at 25 on the outer sides ot the opposite strap ends.

In preparing a book or pamphlet for mounting in a temporary binder, whether or not of the specific type above described, it is desirable rst to reinforce the back of the book and the covers where they join the back as at these points the covers are subjected to the greatest strain. For this purpose, as shown in Fig. 10, a reinforcing strip 26 is secured along the back of the book, the strip being or suthcient width so that its edges 27 and 28 may overlap the covers ot the book, to which they are secured by suitable adhesive. As shown in this figure the book comprises a plurality of signatures 29, each signature consisting of a group of leaves secured together by sewing or stapling in the usual n'ianner. The book may also be furnished with covers 8O ot some flexible material such as paper which in the usual manner extends around theback of the book in one continuous piece.

After the application of the reinforcing strip 26 the book is opened and the leaves separated, here shown as between the tivo middle signatures and with a suitable implement spaced slot-like openings, preferably two in number, are pierced through the back of the book and also through the reinforce strip 26. The looped end or bight ot an anchor strip such as above described is pushed through each ot the slots 'from the inside of the book so that the doubled end 3 of the strip projects outwardly and rearwardly from the back of the book. The inner Jfree ends 32a and 33a of this strip are then secured by adhesive or otherwise to the opposite pages of the adjacent inner signatures 29. i

After the insertion of these strips a pair of hinge strips 32 and 33 are secured to the rear portions of the book cover. It, as above lll' ydirectly to the covers.

lanchor strips.

described, the reinforcing strip 27 is employed, these hinge strips are secured to the coverthrough the intermediary of the reinforcing strip, but in case the reinforcing strip is omitted the hinge strips are secured These hinge strips may be made of any suitable tough and ilexible material such for example as manila paper, clothv or the like, and are substantially coextensive in length With the back of the book. They are also of suiiicientvvidth vso that they project beyond the back of the interposed `between the projecting parts ofv the hinge stripsare securely united to the latter. .Instead of making the hinge strips 32 and 33 of two separate pieces, they could beformed as two leaves'of an integral piece of material folded around the ends of the A binder strip 3T, consisting' preferably of an elongate strip of relatively stiffmaterial ydoubled,longitudinally touprovide the op- -posed leaves 35 and 36, is now secured to the --outer surface of the projecting parts of the vhinge strips 82 and 83.

This binder strip embraces the projecting parts of the hinge stripsand anchorstrips and with said projecting portions constiututes an attaching flaplying substantially in the mid-plane of the thickness ofthe book. As this flap is relatively thicker and stiffer than the com- -binedthickness of the hinge strips and the yanchor strips at'the line `34, it readily turns about such line as a hinge. The .attaching flap is furnished With openings at suitable points to receive the ends of the fastener 23 by which the bookis fastened-to the binder.

The attaching-flap is, or may be, relatively 'thin as compared with the thickness of the book and when the book is mounted in a temporary binderJ of the type above referred to the' flap is of insufficient thickness to fill out-the'flexible rear portion of the binder. This might under some circumstances per- Ymit the liexible rear portion of the binder to flatten or collapse to such an extent that not only would-the binder'be ldisfigured butan excessive Vstrain rwould be placed upon it Where the attaching straps 22 pass throughr it, resulting in tearing out those portions of the back of the binder embraced by the straps, whereas if the back of the binder AWere properly plumped out such tendency tok collapsewould be obviated and such undesir- `able strains would bev-avoided.

.To permit the back of the binder to be filled out so as to conform approximatelyto nished. Thisfiller consists of a strip of flexible resilient materialfsuch `for example as bristol board, heavy paper, or the like, which is folded upon itself to form a series of accordion plaits 37, 37 etc. This filler is providedywith openings 38 extending through the. several folds to receive the ends of the fastener 23. In using ytheiiller the attaching flap of the book is preferably inserted betiveenthe middle Vfolds of the filler andthe latter isthen placed Within-,the ytemporary binder and the ends of the fastener' 23 are j passed through t-he straps 22, through the upper yfolds of the filler,.through the openings'in the flap, through the lower folds of the filler, through the lower parts of the straps .22, and is .then bent over upon the under side ofthe straps 22, thus fastening the parts securely together. If in any case ythe filler is foundyto be too large, one or more of the folds may readily be removed by tearing Vor cutting soy as to fit the space available. The filler automatically vtends to expand and thus substantially Atodill the space-Within the iiexible rear part of the temporary binder at the back of the book, thereby holding the flexible back'of thebinder `fully expanded. If a single filler be found too small, other similar' fillers may be introduced. If de.

sired, fillers may be attached yto the straps of theenclosing binder, thus furnishingY a filler independent of the bound book.

vIn Fig. l5 a slight modification' of the invention is ,illustrated `wherein the book consists of a single signature 39 of leaves stapled vtogetherat their central 'fold'and having the cover 40 extending continuously about the back ofthe book. Inlthis case before or after the application of the outer reinforce strip-27 an inner reinforce or mooring strip 41 such 'as above described' is applied. In applying this latter strip the book is opened `outfflat and the mooring strip is secured across the fold and to the opposite faces of the inner pages ofthe book. This strip*l maybe secured by stitches,fadhesive, or other suitable means. After the application of the mooring strip the slots or openings are cut through 'the back of the book in the same manner as heretofore described and the anchoring strips are inserted, the inner ends of the anchoring strips being secured to the mooring strip and also if long enough directly tothe opposite faces of the inner pages of the hook. The binding is then completed in the same manner as described With respect to Figs.v 10 to 13 inclusive and the lbook-is mounted Vin a temporary binder in the same manner.

The specific arrangement shown in Fig. l5 is intended merely-to illustrate the mode of using the mooring strips as it is to be understood that such strips may be used in books having more than one signature and Whether sewed orlstapled, the-mooring Milt strip acting in any case to strengthen the leaves to which the anchor strips are applied.

l/Vhile Figs. l to 8 inclusive do not illustrate the employment of a reinforced strip corresponding to the strip 27 of Figs. 9 to 13, it is contemplated that such a strip may be provided if desired. It is also contemplated that cover strips may if desired be applied after the completion of the binding to conceal the joints between the inner surfaces of the covers and the front and rear leaves of the book.

lllhen an anchor strip such as shown in Figs. l to 8 inclusive is used, the parts of the book are very securely bound together as the front cover is directly connected to that half of the book adjacent to the rear cover and the rear cover is directly united to the front half of the book, while the front and rear covers and the front and rear halves of the book are also united by the same anchor strip.

While certain specilic materials have been referred to as desirable for forming various elements of the binding, it is clear that other and equivalent materials having similar physical characteristics may be substituted therefor, and it is also evident that the exact order of application of the various element-s making up the binding is immaterial to the practice of the invention. Furthermore, while reference has been made to a specific type of temporary binder the present invention is not restricted to use with such a binder or in fact any binder, as the binding herein described is intrinsically useful for strengthening` a back whether or not it is placed in a binder or otherwise employed.

I claim:

1. A binding for a book comprising a. exible anch-or strip secured to an inside part of the book and having a portion projecting outwardly through the back of the book, said projecting portion comprising a plurality of parts, and covers for the book, the covers being secured respectively to different ones of said parts of the anchor strip.

2. A binding for a book comprising a flexible anchor strip consisting of a piece of sheet material. double on itself and having its free extremities secured to an inside part of the book and its folded end projecting outwardly through the back of the book, said folded portion being divided longitudinally to form cover attaching` tabs.

3. A binding for a book comprising a flexible anchor strip secured to an inside part of the book and having a portion projecting outwardly through the back of the book, said projecting portion being divided longitudinally to form a pair of cover attaching tabs, and covers for the book, the tabs being folded over onto the outer faces of the respective covers and secured thereto.

il. A binding for a book comprising a flexible anchor strip secured to an inside part of the book and having a folded portion projecting outwardly through the back of the book to form a cover attaching tab, a cover for the book, the outwardly projecting part of said tab being folded over onto the outer face of the cover and secured thereto, and a reinforcing strip covering the back of the book and overlapping the cover to conceal the attaching tab.

5. A binding for a book having a plurality of leaves, comprising a flexible mooring strip extending across the fold at the back of ihe book and having its folds attached respectively to opposite pages, a folded flexible double anchor strip extending through the back of the book and having its free ends secured to the opposed folds of the mooring strip, the outer end of the anchor strip projecting from the back of the book, and a cover for the book, the projecting part of the anchor strip overlapping the cover and being secured thereto.

6. A binding for a book having a plural- 3 ity of leaves, comprising a flexible mooring strip secured to opposed faces of inner leaves of the book, an anchor strip 'consisting of a doubled piece of liexible sheet material having its free ends secured to the opposed faces of the mooring strip and having its doubled end projecting outwardly through the back of the book, said doubled end being divided longitudinally to form two attaching tabs, covers for the book, the tabs being folded in opposite directions and secured to the respective covers, and a reinforcing strip covering the'back of the book and overlapping both covers to conceal the anchor strips.

7. A binding for a book comprising a binding strip secured to the back of the book, a flexible anchor strip secured to an inside part of the book and projecting outwardly through an opening in the binding strip at the back of the book, and hinge strips secured to the sides of the book and projecting from the back thereof, said projecting strips being secured together to form a flap.

8. A binding for a book comprising a flexible anchor strip secured to an inside part of the book, and projecting from the back thereof, andhinge strips secured to the sides of the book and projecting from the back thereof, said projecting strips being secured together to form a flap.

9. A binding for a book having a signature of leaf sheets comprising a flexible mooring strip secured to the opposed pages of the inner sheet of said signature and extemling across the fold of the latter, and a flexible anchor strip extending through the back of the book and secured at its inner end to the mooring strip.

10. .A binding fora book having a signature of leaf sheets folded at the middle, a mooring strip secured to `opposed surfaces of the inner leaf sheet of the signature,and an anchor. strip having its endssecured to the mooring strip and its central portion doubledv and extending outwardly through the back of the book.

11. A binding for a book having flexible covers and a plural-ity of leaves, comprising strips of flexible material secured respectively to the outer sides of the covers Vand projecting beyond the back of the book, a flexible folded anchor member secured to an inside part of the book and having its fold projecting through the back thereof, and means for securing said projecting port-ions of said strips to each other and enclosing the fold of the anchor member between them.

12. A binding for a book having flexible covers and a plurality of leaves, comprising a reinforcing element embracing the back of the book and overlapping tne outer faces of the covers, hinge strips secured respectively to the overlapping portions of the reinforcing element and projecting beyond the back of the book,fa folded anchor strip secured to the face of an inner leaf of the bock, and projecting out through the reinforcing element of the back of the book, and means securing the projecting portions of the hinge strips and the anchor strips together.

1S. A binding for a book comprising a strip of flexible material secured to and extending longitudinally of each side of the book adjacent to the back thereof, Said strips projecting beyond the back, an elongated binder strip doubled longitudinally and embracing the projecting portions of the first named strips, and means securing the several strips together forming a projecting hinge member.

14;. A binding for a book comprising a reinfcrcing strip embracing the back of the book and overlapping the sides thereof, a flexible hinge strip secured to each of said sides over the reinforcing strip, said hinge strips projecting beyond the back of the book, a folded anchor strip secured to an inside part of the book and projecting outivardly through the back thereof between the projecting hinge strips, a binderl strip einbracing the projecting portions of the hinge strips and anchor strips, and means uniting the binder and said projecting portions to form ansa-ttaching flap extending longitudinally at the back of the book.

15. A binding for a book comprising a thin attaching flap extending longitudinally of the back of the book, flexible folded anchor elements having their free ends secured to the inner leaves of the book and their fold portions extending through the back of the flap','and means uniting the anchor ele-VV ments to the attaching flap, the latter having openings therethrough lforengagement with the. retaining devices of a temporary binder.

16. In combination with a book binding for use in mounting books in temporary binders and comprising a thin attaching liap hinged to the back of the book, a filler substantially coextensive in length with the flap and automatically expansible substantially to lill the space unoccupied by the flap at the rear of the book When the latter is mounted in the temporary bindin 17. In combination With a book inding for use in mounting books in temporary binders and comprising a hinged attaching flap thinner than the book ysecured to the back of the latter, an accordion-plaited strip of resilient material constructed -r and arranged to engage the flap and in effect automatically to increase the thickness of the flap to correspond to that of the back.

18. A binding for books comprising an attaching flap hinged to the back of the book, said flap being thinner than the book and having openings for'engagement with the retaining devices of a temporary binder, and an expansible liller member for including the effective thickness of the flap. Y

19. In combination Wit-h a book binding comprising a thin attaching flap hinged to the back of a book, an expansible filler comprising spaced parts constructed and -arranged to embrace the flap.

20. A filler for use in mounting flexiblecovered books in temporary binders consisting of a strip of resilient material plaited in accordion fashion and expansible to fill space Within the back of the binder other- Wise unoccupied by the book binding.

21. In combination With a binding for use in mount-ing books in temporary flexible backed binders and comprising a thin hinged flap secured to the back ofthe book, a filler consisting of a strip of resilient material folder to produce a series of plaits, said iiller being constructed and arranged to fill the space Within the flexible back of the temporary binder not occupied by the attaching flap.

22. In combination with `a book binding comprising a thin attaching flap hinged to the back of the book, and a filler consisting of a strip of resilient material of a Width substantially equal to the length of the iiap, said strip being folded transversely to forml a series of plaits, and openings being provided through the filler for the passage of the securing devices of a temporary binder.

23. A binding for a book having frontv and rear covers and a plurality of leaves,

comprising means directly uniting the fronttlie rear half of the book and other parts di cover to a leaf in the rear half of the book7 reotly connecting the rear cover to a leaf and means for uniting the rear cover to a in the front half of the book. 10 leaf in the front half of the book. Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts,

24. A binding for a book comprising a this twenty first day of January, 1924:. strip of eXible material having parts directly connecting the front @over to a leaf in LEO R. LEWIS.

Certificate of Correction.

'It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,569,382, granted January 12,

1926, upon the application of Leo R. Lewis, of Somerville, Massachusetts, for an improvement in Bookbinding, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as Ifollows: Page 4, line 51, claim 2, for the Word double read doubled; page 5, line 96, claim 18, for the word including read increasing; same pa e, line 114, claim 21, for the word folder read folded; and that the said Letters Ltylatent should be read with' these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this 2d day of March, A. D. 1926.

[SEAL] M. J. MOORE,

Acting Commissioner of Pmfemfa.l

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