US1383179A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

. F. WILLIAMS.

Bones. n APPLICATION FILED .IULYIL I9`|9 "Patented June 28, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- n I f #Innen h1:

W.` F. WILLIAMS.

APPLVICATION F| LED JULYIT, ISIS.

Num uvx's I o i -83 1 i w 1 il i.

MYIR Llul- Patented .me 2s, 1921.

W. F. WILLIAMS.

BOILEH.

APPLICATION FILED JULYI |919. 1,383, 179. Patented June 28, 1921.

4 SHEETS`SHEET 4- www WESTON r. WILLIAivIs, or rALLs CHURCH, VIRGINIA.

BUTLER.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented J une 28, 1921.

Application filed July 17, 1919. Serial No. 311,642'.

To all lwhom t may concern:

Be it known that I, lVnsroN F. lFILLIAMs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Falls Church, in the county of Fairfax and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full,

clear, and exact description of the invention,

such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to malte and use the y same.

rIhis invention relates to improvements in steam generators and particularly to the socalled sectional or unit type of boiler.

It is one of the objects of the present invention to improve the construction of unit or sectional type boilers to increase the heat- .ing capacity of the same by providing a maximum traverse for the heated gases in their escape from the boiler and at the same time to provide for the highest abstraction of heat from the gases consistent with a proper draft through the boiler. Y A further object of the present invention is to provide for the safety of the boiler and for a reliable action of the circulation by the equalization of the water level in the vari ous units and a proper distribution of the steam generated in the several units to secure an eificient lflow of the water as it is being heated and to facilitate the collection of the steam in the steam head or drum and it is another object of the invention to provide improved facilities for cleaning the flues forming the channels or passageways through which the gases pass.

llith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, the combination, and in details and arrangements of the parts as more particularly disclosed hereinafter relative to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the ae companying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the scattered boiler units but shown in position to indicate clearly the path of travel of the gases.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the assembled boiler.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the bacl; unit section of the boiler.

Fig. 4 is a front end elevation of the inside face of the rear end of the boiler partly broken away to indicate the hollow walls.

Fig. 5 is a face `view of the inside face of the front unit of the boiler partly broken away.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of an intermediate unit partly broken away.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of the boiler on line 7-7 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of the boiler on line 88 of Fig. 4.

The present boiler as illustrated comprises a front and feeding head or unit section 2 shown as a generally rectangular form in elevationfand provided with ash. removal doors 3 and upper firing doors 4 and above these with a series of flue closures generally indicated at 5, these being designed to cover the cleanout holes 6 extending through the front unit, the inside face of which is clearly shown at the right of Fig. l and also in Fig. 5. This front unit section has its wall structure preferably tubular or hollow as is indicated at 7 in Fig. 5, 'so that water may be readily circulated through the various passageways in the hollow walls to derive heat from the gases passing through the fines or passageways of the boiler, water being admitted to the hollow walls by any suitable means as for instance comprising a header or headers, these preferably arranged one on each side of the boiler and indicated at S to which headers water is supplied through pipes 9, Fig. 2. Each header is connected to the several units to be described hereafter through nipples as at l0, Fig. 5, in which is clearly seen how the headers or manifolds are connected to the front unit 2.

The rear unit l5 of the boiler is likewise constructed of hollow walls for a circulation of water as it is heated.

The intermediate units of the boiler are relatively thinner than the front and rear units though not essentially so and are formed of solid walls but are hollow in form and as clearly shown at 2G in Figs. l and 6 are provided with numerous transverse apertures 21, that is apertures extending from side face to side face of each unit, these apertures obviously registering with one another in given planes when the units are assembled, and clamped between the front and rear sections, suitable clamping means being indicated at 22, Fig. 2. The apertures or flue holes 2l in the intermediate units are so disposed and so shaped and are of such area as to enable the quite free travel of respective water to feed,

heated gases as fire is made and maintained above the grate 25 which may be operable by suitable means as levers 26. The generated gases pass rearwardly from vthe frebox beneath the crown or arch 21a formed by the assembled intermediate units 20, and moving rearwardly pass upV over a deflecting hollow wall'16 and into back ports 17 which are centrally divided by anupright portion 18 which causes the division of the gaseous product so that it is caused to return in the directionofthe arrows a, Fig. 7, through the lowermost row of pockets or apertures 21 and issue intora pocket or chamber 19 in the lower portion of the front unit 2 from which it passes through the next higher horizontal row of apertures 21 in the path indicated at the front section having also a vertical partition 18 `for controlling the direction of travel to lead the gaseous products into adjacent openings 21. After traversing in the path indicated at Z) the rearwardly moving gases enter pairs of pockets 17a on each side of the partition 18 of the back unit and rising in this, pass forwardly in the path c through the next horizontal series of openings 21 and into a pair of upper chambers 19a from whence they pass rearwardly again through the path (l in the uppermost row of pockets 21` from which they'issue into transversely extending passageways 17c which are also extended downwardly as at 171 along the legs or outer portions of the back section 15, the verticall component of these passageways uncovering a series of openings 21b at the sides of the units 20 thence through the paths e, Fig. 8, toward the front section and into vertically extending chambers or lpocket 27 which change the gaseous travel, as indicated, to the lower outlets or passageways 21c kof the intermediate units from which'they pass into a rearmost passageway 28 extending-across v,the back of the `back unit` or section, the incoming gases converging as at f and rising through the uptake 29 which .may be provided with a clean out cover 30, thence the gases pass into an opening or chamber 31 in the top of the back section 15, see Fig. 1, and pass thence in the path g, Fig. 8, through alined apertures 32, Fig.r6, in the intermediate units from, which they enter a horizontally extending and uppermost pocket or chamber 33 in the front section 2, across which they travel as plainly shown in Fig. 1 to enter alined apertures 34 through which they travel rearwardly an outlet or chimney connection 35. There may be mounted in this connection if desired any suitable draft controlling deviceas a damper 36 with its usual or suitable controlling j means 37.

From the above it will be seen that I have Y provided for an extremely extensive circuit in which the gases produced by combustion are caused-to travel and thereby enable the best absorption of the heat fromV the gases, first owing to the direct contact of theheat with the walls of the pockets in the interme- -Vdiate sections which pocketsare surrounded bya body of water and second, I utilize the heat'in the front and rear sections, which latter are provided with hollow walls, having connecting chambers through which the water can freely circulate and steam readily rise.

In order to secure a suiiicientand effectual balance of the pressure and circulation in the apparatus, the bottom manifolds or headers 8 are provided with standl pipes 8a extending upwardly and having horizontal branches 8b leading inwardly toward a center or steam head 40 from which any suitable number vof outtake steam pipes 41 may be run. If desired, and preferably, a suitable safety device, as a valve 42, may be provided on the steam head 40 and a water level gage 43 may be introduced into one or any of the stand pipes 8iL to indicate water level in the boiler. From this it will be seen that water can freely circulate from the header or manifolds 8 by direct connection through each of the units of the boiler and can rise and fall in the stand pipes 8ZL because of the effectual balance whichV I secure through the connection of the stand pipes Aand between the water manifolds 8 and thesteam head 40.

The steam arising' in each of the intermediate units 20, which I preferably form of such construct-ion that they are relatively sealed as between each other, passes out of the steam outlets 20a into nipples connecting them to thesteam head 40 while steam generated in the intercommunicating'passageways in the hollow walls -in the rear and front units may collect in steamV chambers 45 in each and thence passesinto thesteam head 4() as through a connecting nipple or nipples 46, Fig. 4.

What I claim is: 1. In a boiler of theunit section type, a

front unit member, a back unit member and l a series of intermediate sections having nonintercommunicating side wall faces arranged in abutting juxtaposition and provided in the outermost or lateral outermost edge faces and at the lower portion thereof with water inlet openings and having in the top'faces a steam outlet, the said intermediate units being hollow and having seriesof horizontal rows of smoke passageways in which the gaseous products are caused to iiow alternately in reverse directions in successively higher planes, the back unit having a pair of adjacent L-shaped pockets -diverting the gas from the upper `row of passageways in they intermediate units outwardly toward outer vertical rows of p'assageways, the gas flowing downwardly through the vertical legs of the L-shaped pocketsin the rear unit and passing forwardly through certain of the passageways in the intermediate units into vertical lateral pockets in the front member which divert the gases downward to coordinate return pockets in the intermediate units, the back member having a collecting Hue with an upstanding centrally arranged branch, the intermediate sections having in the upper portion alined series of passageways through one series of which the gas is directed from the centrally arranged branch and returned on the opposite side of the units, the front and rear unit members having hollow partition walls forming independent pockets or chambers on opposite sides of a central vertical partition.

2. In a boiler of the unit section type, a front unit member and a back unit member, and a series of intermediate sections having non-intercommunicating side wall faces arranged in abutting juxtaposition and provided with water inlet openings at the lower portion thereof and having a steam outlet in the top faces, the said intermediate units being hollow and having series of horizontal rows of smoke passageways in which the gaseous products are caused to flow alternately in reverse directions in successively higher planes, the intermediate sections having in the upper portion, alined series of passageways through one series of which the 4gas is directed on one side of the units and returned on the opposite side of the units, the front and rear unit members having partition walls forming independent pockets or chambers on opposite sides of a central, vertical partition, the rear section having two of its pockets, one on each side of the center wall, arranged to register with respective parts of the lowermost series of spaces in the intermediate sections so as to divert the travel of gases through the lowermost row of spaces, the front section having a pair of pockets on a common horizontal plane, each pocket cordinate with a group of passageways on opposite sides of the vertical plane of the boiler so as to receive the gases from the lowermost row of openings in the intermediate units and divert it into the next higher row of cordinate openings; the rear unit having a pair of adjacent chambers cordinate with respective groups of openings in the intermediate section to receive gas from a relativelyr horizontal row of spaces and divert the same into the next higher row; the front unit having an upper pair of adjacent pockets cordinate to respective groups of rows of passageways in the intermediate units to divert the gases into the uppermost of the cordinate rows; the back unit having a pair of adjacent L-shaped pockets to divert the gas from the upper row of passageways outwardly toward outer, vertical rows of passageways, the gas flowing downwardly through the vertical legs of the L-shaped pockets in the rear unit and passing forwardly through the outer vertical row of openings into vertical,

lateral pockets in the front member whichV divert the gases downwardly to cordinate return pockets in the intermediate units; the back member having a collecting flue with an upstanding, centrally arranged branch; and lateral passageways formed in the .upper portion of the assembled'units through one series of which the gas is directed from the top of the branch and subsequently returned along the opposite side of the boiler to an outlet.

In testimony whereof I afX my signature.

WESTON F. IVILLIAMS.

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