US1292538A - Combined type-writing and computing machine. - Google Patents

Description

E. THOMAS & B. C. STICKNEY. UOMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED JAN. 22. l9 l5.

1 i N T 8 R S ma Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

w $1M w y l,292y588a E. THOMAS & B. C. STICKNEY. cowmmn TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22. I915.

Patented Jan. 28, 191$).

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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E. THOMAS 51 B. C. SHCKNEY- COMBINED TYPE wmme AND COMPUUNG MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2211915. 1%925538 Patented (1:111: 28, 1919 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mviwmys WITNESSES:

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E. THOMAS &- B. C. STICKNEYt comBmEn TYPE wmme AND compumc MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED }AN.22,1915. 1,292,538, Patented Jan. 28, M31

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ED'WAPJD THOMAS. OF NEW YORK. N. Y., AND BUENHAI/I C. S'IICKNIZY, OF ELIZAEE'TIFH,

NE\V JERSEY, ASSIGNORS. BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS.

T0 UNDERWOCD COMPUTING- MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 033 NEW YORK.

ODMBINED TYPE-WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

'1 v lessees.

Application filed January 22, 1915.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWARD Tno'nfxs and Brianna)! C- STICKXEY. both citizens of the United States, said THOMAS residing in New York city, county and State of New York, and said t'i'rrcicxnr residing in Elizabeth, county of Union, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful lmprovenients in Combined 'lypeslVriting and Computing lilachines ot' which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to computing and printing machines. and is herein described as applied to a combined typewriting and adding machine of the Underwood-llanson type, in which machine, the numeral keys of the typewriter during the writing of numbers in an adding column. set up such numbers on a series of ilenominational meinhers or pin bars. After a number has thus been completely written, the number thus set. t p-is carried into computing or adding vwheels which form a totalizer.

ln the operation ot mostv kinds in combined typewritiug and eomputin machines, many kinds of errors are likely to occur, and the present invention is designed to either prevent certain kinds of such errors from being made. or to make the tracing out or location of such errors a perfectly 0'bvious and easy operation. ()ne of the errors frequently made by tvpists in operating such machines is to set the machine for subtraction and then to continue to leave the machine set at subtraction after the subtraction has been completely finished. and an adding operation should have been begun. (inc method oi making an error of this kind perfectly obvious is to print all numbers subtriu't-ed in a ditl'erent kind of type from those printed in an adding operation. in the present disclosure. the dit terence between numbers printed in addition and those printed in subtraction, is herein illustrated as shown by the size of type used Another form of error is the extremely insidious one of printing 11111I1- hers as though they were computed when they are not so computed. in the present disclosure, an error of this kind is indicated by the fact that a number printed in a computing column, which is, in fact. not computed, is automatically printed in red, thus calling the attention of both the typist and Specification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 3.591.

of anyone who the fact that extraordinary.

Another source of error is due to the positioning oi. the carriage hy the colunm-solect mg key, of say the lirst column. when column has already been passed. In most machines hitherto made any colinnnscleotmg key will be c'rleetive in some 'rregule. manner it it is depressor after the typewriter carriage has passed the column for which said key should be'eli'ective. Accord mg to the present invention, connections may be made whereby it is impossible to depress -a column-selecting kev after the column has been passed for which that ke should be ellectire.

Other features and advantages will here inafter appear.

In the. accompanying drawings.

Figure l. is a sectional side YlQW of an lhiderwood-Hanson combined tvpewri and computing machine showing this inv" tion as applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a tragmentary perspective 'riew showing a few l vpe-bar heads and ill. adding and subtracting types thereon.

Fig. 3 a plan view of the eolunnrselect" mg keys.

Fig. 4 a view similar to l, but, showing a column selecting}; key de 'nossed. and the machine eti'r ,tive to perform sub traction.

Fi 5 is a rear View or part of the colui iii-selecting mechanism showing especially. the parts controlled by the typcwri or carriage. in said view the third column-selecting key being etlec'tii'e. I

Fig. (3 is a skeleton perspective View showing more particularly the connection: by ligures not computed in a computinu are written red. a

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic sectional side view or the parts shown in t3.

Fig. 8 is a plan ":I'W of the parts in Fig. 1 I

reads the printed matter, to the number is in some way 9 is a TlOll Ti oi the. same.

lerwood-li anson coinl computing machine, 1 and numeral keys 2 depress lovers 3 to rock bell cranks l which are connected to swing type-bars 5 upwardly and rearwardly again t. the trout side platen 6, mounted in a carria e 7. The an:

riage 7 travels step by step at each riage is controlled by said escapement wheel througha rack 11 swingable on said carriage, but normally meshing with a pinion 12 connected with said eseapement wheel. To permit said escapement wheel to turn, the dogs 8 and 9 are rocked at each depression of a numeral key, by means of a universal frame 13, which is actuated by a heel 14 on each type-bar as it approaches the platen. In addition to the above-describcd forward letter feed of the carriage, the Underwood typewriting machine usually includes a tabulating mechanism for rapidly positioning the typewriter carriage at any one of a number of selected letter-spaces. For this purpose, the machine is provided with decimal tabulating keys 15 mounted on the front ends of key levers 16, pivoted at 17, so that when any one of said keys is depressed, the rear end of its lever will rise and lift a plunger 18, so that the upper end thereof, forming a counterstop 19, will lie in the path of any columirstop 20, which is ineffective position, said column stops being adjustable along the rack bar 21, which ineludes teeth at letter-space intervals.

In the present machine, the mechanism is somewhat modified from the usual Underwood mechanism and is of the general'type illustrated in the patent to Wernery, No. 1,108,415, August 25, 1914, and illustrated more in detail in the co-pcnding application No. 782,391, filed August 1, 1913. In the mechanism illustrated in said patent and application, the column stop bar 21 is normally raised so as to hold its stops 29 out of the reach of the counterstops 19 even when a counterstop is projected, as above described; the rack bar for this purpose comprising arms 22 which are pivoted at on the typewriter carriage, thus permlttinga spring 24 to normally hold said rack bar 1n its elevated position.

Whenever it is desired to perform the tabulating operation, it is necessary in the present invention to depress both a decimal tabulitinp key 15 and a column-selecting key 25, and the connections are such that whenever a column-selecting key is depressed, the rack bar 21 will be swung downwardly when the column stop 20 thereon approaches the proper column, with the result that the stop 20 then lies in the path of the elevated counter stop 19. In other words, the zone in which the tabulating is to be done must be first determined by the column-selecting key 25 and then the particular letter-space in said zone is determined by the decimal tabulatingkey 15, which in the meantime, has

. selecting key, will been depressed. In order to bring about this result the column-selecting keys 25 are ct normally are ineffective on the rack bar 21,

but-which are each adapted to tension their own springs 29, with theresult that when H the stop 20 arrives at the proper column, the spring 29 which is tensioned by its c0lumndepress the rack bar 21, this being accomplished through connections to be described presently in detail, but which include a lever 30 comprising a roller 31, rolling on the top of a plate 32, fast to said column stop rack bar 21; Whenever a spring 29 is thus tensioned, it tends to raise a slide I 33 on its bar 28 and as soon as it can'raise said slide, the slide will rock the lever 30 by means of a bail 34, which passes through slots 35 in all of the slides 33. This bail is fast to the rear end of the lever 30, which is pivoted on a shaft 36, and has a rearward extension 37 carrying said bail. From this it will be seen that the depression of a given column or zone-selecting key 25 tends to make the slide 33 rise, and if said slide were permitted to rise 30 would depress carry the column range of any elevated counter-stop 19v and thus the first column stop 20 would arrest the typewriter carriage by colliding with the elevated counter-stop 19.

In order to prevent this, the column stops 20 are adapted to operate a slidable locking bar 38 which prevents any slide 33 prematurely becoming effective to move the column stops 20 within the range of the counter-stops 19. This slidalile; locking bar is mounted in brackets 39 and is normally at rest. t, however, is moved alon'g one step whenever any column stop 20 passes the array of decimal tabulating counter-stops 19, and for this purpose, the column stops 20, as they pass said array of counter stops, are adapted one after another, to hit and turn to the extent of one tooth, a slide-operating wheel 40, which therefore moves said slid able locking bar one step whenever one of from at once, the lever the rack bar 21, so as to stops other on within the.

saidcolumn stops 20 passes said array of decimal stops 19.

I To do this, the wheel 40 is fast on a shaft journaled in an extension of the framework memes shelf which normally overlies the lugs 13, there being one lug 4:3 on each slide 33. The shelf however, is interrupted at one point, or provided with a notch so that whenever the slidable locking bar 38 occupies an appropriate position, it will permit one of the lugs 43 to slide upwardly through said notch, and therefore will permit the slide 33 of which said lug forms a part, to be drawn upwardly by its spring :29 and become effective on the bail 3 1, and thereby depress the rack bar 21, with the result that the column stop 20, at that moment approaching the decimal counter-stops 19, is depressed enough to be intercepted by the elevated counter stop 19. This permits the carriage to be arrested at the zone which has been selected by the column-selecting key 25 depressed at the moment because any column-selecting key 25 tensions only its own spring 29.

In order to prevent any colunm-seleeting key from being depressed after the typewriter carriage has passed the zone in which said key is supposed to be effective, the bar 28, operated by said'key, is provided with a locking lug 44, which howei'er is normally free to be elevated upward. hen, however, the typewriter carriage has passed the zone in which any given column-selecting key 25 is to be effective, the locking lug 4A belonging to that key, is prevented from being moved upwardly, because the slidable locking bar has, in moving along, carried a shelf 45, forming part of siid slidable bar, above the lug 44- aforesaid, thus c=u-inpletely blocking the' colunnrselecting key until the typewriter carriage is returned to a point which moves the aforesaid locking bar 38 to a point where it clears said locking lug 44. L

In order to prevent the typewriter carriage from being released from its escapement mechanism to travel to a new column before any column-selecting key is depressed, the decimal tabulating keys 15 operate the usual carriage-release mechanism (described below) but are normally held locked against being depressed by a swinging bail 46, which underlies ears 47 projecting upwardly from the levers 16 of said keys. This swinging bail 4G normally holds said key levers locked, because a spring 48 holds it rearwardly un der the overlying upper parts of the ears l7. \Vhen, however,- any colnmnselecting key 25 is depressed, said bail is swung to ineffective position by means of an upwardly extending follower -19 on the key lever 26 of the column-selecting key, and said ear cams the rocking bail 4(3 forwardly clear of the cars 47, therebv freein all the decimal tabulating keys 15.

The carria 'e. 7 is freed from the. escapement mechanism in the usual manner when any one of the decimal selecting keys 15 is depressed. For this purpose, the plungers 13 are provided with shelves 50 effective on a short universal bar 51 pivoted at 52, so that when any plun 'er 18 is lifted, the front end of said universal bar draws down on a link 5%, thereby drawing down the rear end of a lever 55, so that the front end of said lever will lift, off the escapement piir ion 12, the rack bar 11 by means of an idle wheel 56, which runs on the lower side of said rack ba The computing mechanism of the Underwood-Hr nson machine illustrated herein, is, so fan as the principal operating}: parts are concerned, the machine known as the Underwood standard adding machine with subtraction attachment, and is illustrated in the application No. 797,714, filed ()ctober 28, 1913 and application No. 626,550, filed May 11, 1911. In said machine, the nume al keys 2 of the typewriter, in a computing column, set up on computation members 57 of the computing mechanism proper, the numbers written in any adding column, this being done by depressing digit pins 58 on said computation members, there being one pin for each digit on each computation member 57, and the members 57 being selected, one for each decimal space, by the typewriter -arriage as it travels from letter space to letter space.

To accomplish these results, the numeral keys 2 are provided with the usual pendants 59, which as they descend, are adapted to strike rock arms 60 fast on rock shafts 61, said shafts operatinnpin-setting linkages 62 in the usual mannt for the Underwood- Hanson machine. These pin-setting linkages i32-comprise pin-setting bars 63 which normally move idly, being out of alinement with thedigit pins 53, as shown in Fig. 1. Vvhen, however, the typewriter carriage is in the adding zone, a settable tappet 64: thereon selects in the manner described in said application 797,714, a computation bar 57 and shifts said bar so that the pins 58..

thereon stand in alinement with the pin-setting bars 63. If any numeral key is depressed with the carriage in this column or decimal position, the key will set its corresponding digit pin 58 on the computation bar 57, which for the moment, is held in effective position by the typewriter carriage 7, through said tappet G4. The tappet 64 is normally in ineffective position but in the proper zone is held effective by the silencing roller 65 in the manner described in said application 797,714. When so elevated, the tappet. (Flis effective on a series of jacks 66, raising the front ends thereof, with the resuit that said jacks shift the computation members 57 to effective position by depressing rods 67 on which the rear ends of the jacks 66 rest, said rods 67 being effective through the transposition device shown at (53, to move the computation members 57 one after another, to bring their pins to eflective' position under the pin-setting bars 63. The exact details of this structure form'no part of the present invention, but are illustrated in said application 797,714, and are of the type customarily employed in Underwood standard adding machines.

Themembers when set in the manner described in outline above, and represented by a series of depressed pins 58 are carried into the computing wheels 69 by means of a generaloperatoriricluding a cross bar 70. This general operator 70 'may be hand-operated by the usual segment 71, so as to slide forward, catch the bottoms of any depressed pins and drive forward the computation bars 57,"with the result that the racks 72,011 the forward ends thereof, turn'the computing wheels 69 to an extent determined by the pins depressed. On its return stroke the general operator restores the rack bars, operates the carry-over mechanism, and r'estores the set pinsto their unset position in the usual manner.

Themachine includes. a subtraction device, so that-the operative may cause the machine to effect either addition or sub-' traction. For this purpose, the machine is provided with a manually operable subtraction key 73, which, when pushed in, rocks rcarwardly a rock' arm 74 fast on a rock shaft75, said rock shaft also carrying a catch 76 When the subtraction key 73 is pushed rearwardly, the catch 76 is rocked downwardly by rotation of its shaft 75, thereby releasing a subtraction bar 77, so that said bar can be drawn rearwardly by a spring 78, setting the machine for subtrac-. tion. In the present disclosure, the sub-- traction device is of the kind known as complementary subtraction, which is fully set forth in the application 797.714 above. re-

ferred to. At this point, it will suffice to state that the computing wheels 69Qalways turn in the same direction, and subtraction is caused on said wheels by shifting of the rock shafts 61 at the setting of the subtraction bar 77, so that said rock shafts instead of engaging the pin-setting linkages G2 which they engage for addition, engage another I set of pin-setting linkages, which however, operate the same pin-setting bars 63. At the same time, all the 9 pins 58 are set, The precise form of the subtraction device.

is immaterial to most features of the present invention, and therefore will not be further described since it is fully described in application No. 797,714.

Subtracti(upsetting may be obtained not only by the operation of the subtraction'key 73, but. also by settable devices forming part of the column-selecting keys For this purpose, each colmun-selecting key includes a revoluble head 79 which can be set to either addition or subtraction, as is clearly shown by the plan view, Fig. 3. Each head 79 is fast to a crank 80 pivoted to a link"81, which i j is adapted to operate a subtraction setting interponent 82, there being one'interponent on each columnselecting key' lever 26. 70 These interponents 82 are shiftable along the rear ends of the key levers 26013 the column-selecting keys 25' and are adapted to occupy either a subtraction position or another position which. may correspond'ls either to adding or to normal position. Whenever any'interponent 82 is in subtraction position, it will throw the subtraction bar 77 to effective 'position whenever its column-selecting key 25 is depressed. For so this purpose, there is provided a bail 83 overlying a place which the interponents 82" would occupy when in subtraction position, said bail being-fast on a rock shaft 84:, with" the result that when any column-selecting 35 key 25 is depressed to raise the rear end thereof, its interponent 82, if in subtraction position, will lift the bail 83, rock the shaft .St to which said bail is fixed and thereby rock a rock arm 85also fixed on said shaft. This rock arm 85 is joined by a link 86 to the above-described rock arm 74, said arm 74,it will be remembered, being the one which throws the catch 76 to ineffective p osition, and thereby allows the SUblZIECtlODfiB bar 77 to become effective. I

7 From this brief description it will beseenthat any column-selectingkey may be uti-- liaed to determine whether the machine shall add or subtract in the particular column v for which that key is effective. When a subtraction operation is finished, the subtraction bar 77 is returned to normal position by the general operator 7O wherethe catch 7 6 will again engage and hold it. -'l-he details for doingthis are immaterial and are disclosed in the application 797,714,

above referred to, machines now in use. 7

Means are provided whereby when any column-selecting key is effective to cause subtraction, (or in fact'when' subtraction setting is obtained by actuating thesubtrac- 'tionkey 73), the typewriter is caused t6 prnt its numbers in some distinctive fash-- ion, which is herein shown as being larger.

figures than those employed for addition.

To bring about this result, the usual Under-v wood case-shift mechanism 'is utilized. In-- said mechanism, the platen6'forms part of the usual shift frame which comprises a roller 87 riding on a rail 88, said rail as usual, forming part'of a bell-crank 89 ivotcd at 90 at the rear of the machine. he

usual Underwood typewriting machine ineludes platen or case-shift keys91 on the front ends of key levers 92, and said key levers at their rear ends have upwardly extending arms 93 which are adapted to bear against the rear sides of the lower ends 94 and'are also found in theof the bell-cranks 89. Since the platen shift keys are pivoted at their rear ends at 95, depression of the shift key will raise the bell-crank 80, thus lifting the platen shift frame with its platen 0, to upper case position, in which position, the upper case types (Fig. 2) are effective to print through the ribbon which through the ribbon vibrator 06, instead of the lower case types which usually print therethrough. This mechanism is connected to be operated through the subtraction setting interponents by a bell-crank 0T hav' an arm 98 which bears against the rear side of the upper extension oi the platen shift key levers This bell-crank is operated by the subtraction interpouen't 82 through the above-mentioncd hail 83 and rock shaft 84, and said rock shaft for this purpose, has "fast thereon aroek arm 99 which is joined by a link 100 to the belhcrank 97, with the result that when any columnselecting key 25 depressed, and its subtraction interponcnt 82 is reflective, said link is drawn down, thus depressing the platen shift key 91, and rising the platen 6 to upper case position. When this is done, the platen is latched in its upper case position by the usual latch 101 which swings so as to overlie a pin 102 last on the shift key lever 92, being drawn to such position by a. spring 103, coiled about the pivot on which said latch 101 swings. This holds the platen shift frame in upper case position so long as said latch is effective.

When a nun'iber has been completely written after depression of the subtraction zone selecting key, the general operator moves forward to carry the numbers written anl set up into the computing wheels 09 in the usual manner. This motion of the general operator serves to release the platen shift key from the latch 101 and for this purpose, the general operator, which not only includes the bar 70 above described, .but also includes the side bars 101, has fast to one of said side ha a cam 105 which is adapted to strike and draw down a wrist or shaft 100 at the lower end oi a link 107, the upper end of which is pivoted to said liiit'li 10. ll hen the general operator does this, it releases said latch, and thus the usual l mlerwood mechanism restores the platen to lower case printing position.

The link 10'? guided at its lower end by a guide link 1053, best shown in Fig. (l, as pivoted in the frame of the machine at 109, and pivoted to the wrist 106. The latch 101 may be the same kind of a latch which is used on certain types of standard Underwood typewriting machines, and includes the usual handle 110.

According to the present invention, means are provided whereby numbers written in the adding soon, if not computed, are written in red, thus making it clear that such numbers are not computed, to anyone. who afterward even glances at the work-sheet. For this purpose, the usual bichrome mech anism of the Underwood typewriting machine is utilized. Said mechanism includes the usual ribbon vibrator 90 through which the biclu-ome ribbon is threaded at the top. said bichrome being actuated by the lever 112. This lever is adapted to be given various throws, according to the color of print ingdesired, and the color of the printing is varied by the fact that the top or the ribbon. for example, as shown in Fig. 0, may be black, whereas the bottom of the ribbon may be red. Thus a small throw oi" the lever 112 will cause black printing. and a larger throwwill cause red printing. The varying throw of the lever 112 is obtained by the usual bichrome actuator of the Underwood machine, said actuator being in the form oi an open box, best shown in Fig. 0. as comprising a rear side 113-, a black printing side 114 and a red printin side 115. lhis actuator as usual. is mounted on the universal bar or frame 13, at the rear end thereof. and is shiftable sidewise on said frame by means of a link 110. for the purpose of bringing either the side 114: or the side 115 in engagement with one or the'otlicr o'l actuating plus 117 and 118. The side 11lhas a sloi in in which the pin 11? can work. and since said pin) is remote from the pivot 119 about which the lever 112 works. said pin will give said lever 112 a comparatively small throw. The shape of this slot is best shown in 7 where it appears that the slot vertical. and that its sides tit the'piu 117 closely. The side 115 of the actuator box has a somewhat similar slot which actuatcs the pin 118. and since said pin is comparatively near the pivot 119 of the lever 112, it will give said lever 112 a comparatively large throw. thus bringing the red stripe of too typewriter ribbon to the printing point. The actuator box is slidably held in the usual manner on said universal bar or frame 13.

The red printing part of this mechanism is automatically brought into play whenever a number is written in a computing zone. but has been written without properly opcr ating the column-selecting keys.

To bring about this .sult, this connection is herein disclosed as connected to the column stops 20 of the typewriter, since these stops are customarily used for selecting an adding or computing zone, and in the present invention are used to an even greater extent. than in some machines for said purpose. The column stops are clfective to determine whether the machine shall write in red or black, by means or an arm 12-0 pivoted at the rear of the machine. on which arm they are effective through a cam 121 fast on said arm. The arrangement of the column stops 1 and the cam 121 is such that if no column-selecting key 25 has trol shaft 122.

Fast on this shaft 122 is a rock arm 123, which has p1voted upon its depending lower end a forwardly extendlng cam-operating link 1241. This link operates a cam for the purpose of; compelling every numeralkey, when said cam is in its effective position, to shift the ribbon so that the printing will be done in red. This is effected by putting a ribbon-shifting member 125 under the numeral keys of the typewriter, which is adapted to shift the above-described actuator 113 from its normal black-printing. po-

sition to a position in which it causes the printing to take place in red. It will be noted that the connections are such that this ribbon-shifting member 125 is operated only by the numeral keys of the typewriter, with the result that the alphabet keys of the typewriter may write black in any column whereasthe numeral keys are compelled to write red in a computing column when the column-selecting keys'have not been operated. The purpose of such connections is described more fully below.

This ribbon-shifting member 125 is in the form of a bail having upstanding arms 126.

one of which is adapted to lie under every numeral key,'tl1e intervening spaces being left for, the operation of the alphabet keys of the typewriter. The bail'125 is splined on a transverse rock shaft 127, and is normally drawn by a spring 128 in sucha way that the upstanding arms 126-arc clear of the numeral keys of the :typewriter. When, however, a column-selecting stop 20 strikes the cam 121, as described above, s as to shove the cam-operating link 124 forward, the link carries its cam 129 forward, so as to thrustthe bail 125 sidewise by a pin 13 fast thereon. This thrusts said bail 125 so that the arms 126 thereon are in their effective positions under the numeral keys. With the parts positioned thus, every time a nu-, meral key is depressed, at will rock said bail.

13 1, and shown in Fig. 6. These connections are such, therefore, that the ribbon connections normally stand so that they will print in black, but whenever a numeral key is operated, the ribbon shifts to red, if the cam 121 engages the column stop 20. The

color-control shaft 134 may be extended in front of the frame of the typewriting machine, in order to enable the operative to control the color manually, and may be provided with a suitable key 138, whereby the ribbon may be held down to print red when it would otherwise print black. In order that the numeral keys need not print red in an adding zone, the cam 121 is so placed that when a column-selecting key swings the rack bar 21 downwardly, it carries every column stop 20 thereon below the level. of the cam 121, so that said cam is idle, and the connections between the numeral keys and the color shift are ineffective.

In order to make the equipment of the machine as simple as possible, the column stops 20 may have their sides of two forms, or be unsymmetrical, as seen in Fig. 1, etc., one Side being cut away as seen at 140 (see Fig. 4e). lVhcn this cutaway side is uppermost, the cam 121 is always entirely out of reach of the column stops, so that the machine, then, will write'normally in black in every column, or in any column in which the column stop 20 is appropriately set.

In setting up the machine for use with any given kind of forms, the operative will put a tappet (54 at each zone in which computing is to be done, and in alinement with said tappet will place a column stop 20 with the side 140' downward, so that when the typewriter carriage arrives at that zone by the normal -method of travel for typewriting machines, viz, by action of the escapement mechanism alone or by manual positioning of thetypewriter carriage, the arm 120 will with the result that the depression o1 a numeral key in that zone, under said circumstances, will shift the color printing to red. although .the depression of any other key will allow the machine to print in black, its normal color. On the other hand, as described above. bringing the typewriter car: riage to a computing zone by actuation of the column-selecting keys. will prevent such color shifting. Under these latter circumstances all keys write black.

The operative may place such. column stops 20 as are desired at any other zone: but stopsin non-computing zones are placed with their sides 110 uppermost, with the result that such steps are always ineffective on the arm 120. sothat outside of the computing zones, the column stops will be unable to shift the color in which printing is done. i i

From the above description, it will be seen that we have provided a machine in which the column-selecting keys automatically determine whether addition or subtraction shall be done, and the machine also indicates in cry computing column whether the chancter written therein represent narrative matter or computed digits.

Since-the'columns in which computation in is done are selected exclusively by the tappets 64, it is unnecessary to provide any neutral position for the column-selecting keys in the present form of the invention, because, unless a tappet 64: is in position in a given column, the numeral keys will be ab- ,r solutely ineffective on the computing mechanism.

The situation, from this point of view,

then, may be summed up by saying that the tappets 64 determine in what columns computation can be done; the col-umnselecting keys determine what kind of computation shall be done, if computation is possible; and the printing mechanism indicates by the color whether computation was done in a given column, or not.

(ertain specific features relating to bichrome mechanism and the tabulating and case-shift mechanisms, capable of use in typewriting machines, have been made the subjecbmatter of divisional applications, No. 138,159, filed December 21, 1916, and No. 267,4?6), filed December 19, 1918, pursuant to the requirements of the Patent ()ii'ice, and

have been separately claimed therein.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions oi. the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described our invention, we

* claim:

1. In a computing machine, the combination with a registering mechanism, of printing means adapted to print in several columns either for computing or non-computing matter, column-selecting keys for determiningwhere such printing shall be done, means associated with said keys for determining whether the matter printed shall be computed in a given manner or not, and

means also associated with said columnselecting keys for varying the printing, so that the work-sheet will indicate whether digits printed are computed or not.

2. In a combined typewriting and 00111 puting machine, the combination with a traveling carriage and registering mechanism, of devices settable on said carriage for positioning said carriage and for determining in what column computing shall 59 be done, column-selecting keys for selectively positioning said carriage by certain of said devices, means associated with each columnselecting key for determiningvif the mechanism shall add or subtract when computing is being done, and means associated with mechanism,

certain of the carriage-positioning" devices adapted to cause the printing to show Whether computation was actually done or not.

3. The combination with typewriting of computing mechanism, said typewriting and computing mechanisms cooperating to effect a combined typewriting and computing action, the typewriting mechanism being eflective to print in more than one color, to indicate different states of the computing mechanism, said typewriting mechanism including a traveling carriage, alpha-bet keys and numeral keys arranged normally to print in diii'erent colors, columnselecting keys for determining Zones in which combined typewriting and computing actions may take place, and means under the control of said column-selecting keys for causing the printing by all of said printing keys to be done in the same color.

4. The combination with computing mechanism, of typewriting mechanism, cooperating with said computing mechanism to effect av combined typewriting and computing action, said typewriting mechanism including alphabet and numeral keys, a. key-operated printing mechanism for printing in more than one color, a carriage, and column stops settable on said carriage to determine printing and computing zones, and an interponent mechanism whereby said numeral keys are efiective on said color-printing mechanism, to vary the relative color of the printing by said numeral keys with respect to the printing by said alphabet keys, according as to whether the numeral keys are acting to cause a. computing action of said computing mechanism or solely a typewriting action.

5. The combination with computing Inechanism, of typewriting keys, including alphabet and numeral keys, said numeral keys be ing arranged to operate said computing mechanism so as to cfi'ect a combined typowriting and computing action, printing mechanism operated by all of said keys to print in more than one color, a traveling carriage, column stops adjustable on said carriage, and connections operable by certain of said stops, effective to ena le said numeral keys to vary the color of printing in accordance with the computing action or inaction, while ineffective to vary the color of printing by said alphabet keys.

6. The combination with computing-mechanism, of typewriting keys, including alphabet and numeral keys, said numeral keys being arranged to operate said computing mechanism so as to eficct a combined typewriting and computing action, printing mechanism operated by all of said keys to print in more than one color, a traveling can riage, a rack bar on said carriage, column stops adjustable on said rack bar, connections operable by certain ofsaid stops, effective to enable said numeral keys to vary the color of printing in. accordance with tl e computing action or inaction, while ineffective tovary the color of printing by said alphabet keys, and means for shifting said rack bar so as to render said stops melfecfive in determining the color of printing by said numeral keys. 2

7. The combination with computing mechanism, of type'writing keys arranged to control said computing mcchanisnrso as to effect a combined typewriting and computing action, a traveling carriage, a variable color-printing mechanism cooperating with said keys and said carriage to effect different color printing, column stops settable on saidcarriage to cause it to be arrested at computing zones and co'nnectibleto said .color-prmtmg mechan sm to change the colorof printing, and column-selecting keys cooperating with said column stops to render said column stops ineffective on said colorprinting mechanism in a-computing' zone.

8. Thecombination with computing mechanism, of'typewriting keys connected to operate said computing mechanism to effect a combined typewriting and computing action,

a traveling carriage, a variable color-printto operate said interponent mechanism, thus silencingthe control of said color-printing mechanism from said stops.

-9. The combination witheomputing mechanism, of typewriting keys connected to controlsaid computing mechanism so as to effeet a combined typewriting and computing .action, a traveling carriage, color-printing mechanism cooperating with said keys and said carriage to effect printing of diifcrcnt colors, column stops carried by aid carriage including stops normally determimng computing Zones, and interponcnt niechanism.

operable by said stops to change the color of printing of some of said keys when said keys are operated solely for typewriting in a nor mal computing zone.

'10. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with alphabet and numeral keys, of a variable color printing mechanism, a traveling carriage for selecting columns in which printing is done, types operated by said keys adapted to indicate whether computed numbers are added or subtracted, and column stops adapted to vary the printing so thatthe printed numbers indicate whether they are computed or not, and if computed how computed,.said stops ineffective to vary the printing of the alphabet printed characters so that the alphabet characters may always read normally. I

11., In a combined typewriting and com put ing machine, the combination with alphabet and numeral printing keys adapted to print normally and abnormally, column-selecting keys adapted to determine how numbers shall be computed and automatically effective at the same time to determine how said printing keys shall rint, and column stops selectively made e ective by said columnselecting keys adapted to cause said print ing to be in an abnormal color unless the number printed in a computing column was actually computed.

12. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with alphabet and numeral printing keys adapted to print normally and abnormally, column-selecting keys adapted to determine how num- 'bers shall be. computed and automatically effective at the same time to determine how said printing keys shall print, and column stops selectively made effective by said column-selecting keys adapted to cause said printing to bein an abnormal color unless the number supposed to be computed was so computed, said column stops adapted to occupy either of two positions, in one of which they are effective to cause the color-print. ing to be abnormal, and in another position they are not "so effective.

13. In a typewriting machine,*the combination with alphabet and numeral types, of

a printing ribbon whereby the types are adapted to print normally in one color. connections whereby said numeral types normally print in a different color in a limited number of predetermined columns, a computing device, and means whereby when said:

device is made effective to properly compute at said predetermined columns the numeral types print everywhere in the same coloras the alphabet types.

14:. In a 'typewritin'g machine, the combination with alphabet and numeral types, of

a traveling; carriage, means whereby said types mayv print in either of two c0lors,-a. computing device, devices adapted to be set on said carriage to enable'it'to be simultaneously brought to a proper position and cause said computing device to be connected to said numeral keys, and means whereby failure to make said settable devices cficc tive will cause the numeral types to print in an abnormal color in a. given column.

15. In a typewritmg machine, the combination with alphabet and numeral print ns k y of mputing devices operable thereby, means whereby said keys may print in either of two colors, devices whereby the printing may further indicate what kind of computation is being done, column-selecting keys for making said indicating devices effective, connections for altering the color of said printing of the numeral keys only to indicate whether the computing devices are properly connected with said keys, and means operated by said column-selecting keys for making said indicating connections ineffective when the proper column selecting key is operated.

16. In a typewriting machine including a carriage, the combination with alphabet and numeral keys and types operated thereby, of a computing device, devices settable on said carriage to enable said carriage to be rapidly positioned and the numeral keys to be simultaneously connected to operate the computing device, means associated with certain of said settable devices for automatically changing the color of printing, column-selecting keys, and connections therefrom to operate the color-changing means to make said means ineffective.

17. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a registering mechanism and a traveling carriage, of olumn-selecting keys for positioning said carriage and for shifting the mechanism from addition to subtraction, typewriter keys connected for computing in said register, two kinds of type operated by said typewriter keys, means controlled by said column-selecting keys for determining which type shall be effective, and means adapted to be controlled by positioning said carriage for determining in what color the printed matter shall be printed by the typewriter keys. 7

18. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a registering mechanism and a traveling carriage,

of column-selecting keys for positioning said i carriage and for shifting the mechanism from addition to subtraction, typewriter keys connected for computing in said register, two kinds of type operated by said typewriter keys, means controlled by said column-selecting .keys for determining which type shall be effective, a polychrome ribbon device to enable the type to print in a plurality of colors, column stops for cooperat ing with said column-selecting keys and settable on said carriage; and connections operable by said stops to shift said ribbon device to determine in what color the printing shall be done.

19. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage, of computing mechanism devices adapted to bring the carriage tn a computing column and automatically cause the mechanism to be efiective to subtract, a case-shift mechanism automatically made elfective by said subtraction setting, and means for making said case-shift mechanism ineffective by completing the computation of a given number.

EDWARD THOMAS. BURNHAM O. STICK ,EY.

Witnesses:

W. O. WESTPHAL, JULIUS Duonscrmr

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