TWM675726U - System for recovering carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from scrap tires - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for recovering carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from scrap tires comprises a pyrolysis device, a reforming device, a crude carbon black processing unit, a carbon black product output unit, and a pyrolysis oil and gas processing unit. The pyrolysis device cracks scrap tire rubber sheets to produce organic-rich carbon black, pyrolysis oil, and pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas are then sent to the reforming device to adjust the surface physicochemical properties of the carbon black particles. The crude carbon black processing unit magnetically separates the steel wire and metallic impurities contained therein before sending the crude carbon black to the carbon black product output unit. This produces a recovered carbon black product with the desired temperature and moisture content. The pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas are then sent to the pyrolysis oil and gas processing unit to produce biomass-rich pyrolysis oil for use as fuel. This allows waste tire recycling to be standardized and continuous, effectively improving recycling efficiency and the quality of the recovered carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil. Furthermore, the pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas produced by pyrolysis can be recycled as a heat source, saving energy.

Description

System for recycling carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from scrap tires

This invention relates to a system for recovering carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from waste tires. Specifically, it describes a system that utilizes a consistent, continuous process to effectively improve recycling efficiency, enhance the quality and physicochemical properties of the resulting carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil, and recycle heat energy to achieve energy savings.

With the rapid increase in the number of cars, the amount of scrap tires generated after use has become considerable. However, since the rubber material in scrap tires does not decompose naturally and produces a large amount of air pollutants and toxic gases when burned, direct incineration, while recovering energy, does not fully recycle the reusable materials contained in the scrap tires, resulting in a significant waste of resources. Therefore, processing scrap tires into recycled products for reuse has become an international trend.

Scrap tire recycling methods can be broadly categorized into physical and chemical treatments. Physical treatment involves separating reinforcing materials like steel, nylon, and cotton from the tires, crushing them, and processing them into recycled products like floor mats, step mats, and grass tiles for reuse. Chemical treatment, on the other hand, involves pyrolysis of the tires under appropriate temperatures and oxygen-deficient conditions. This pyrolysis produces recycled raw materials like carbon black, pyrolysis oil, and combustible gases, which can then be processed into highly cost-effective recycled products.

Investigations have revealed that current scrap tire pyrolysis technologies can generally be categorized into two types: batch pyrolysis and continuous pyrolysis. Batch pyrolysis primarily involves adding scrap rubber to a closed device for pyrolysis. After the pyrolysis reaction is complete, the system undergoes cooling and pressure reduction procedures. The resulting carbon black and other products are then removed and replaced with the new scrap rubber before the next pyrolysis cycle can begin. This pyrolysis method is energy-intensive and inefficient due to the repeated heating and cooling required for each batch. Furthermore, the recovered carbon black must be collected and subsequently processed to meet quality standards, leading to a complex and inconvenient process and a waste of labor and time. Furthermore, batch pyrolysis processes large amounts of waste rubber at a time, which can lead to poor heat transfer and incomplete pyrolysis. This results in a high oil content on the surface of the recovered carbon black, affecting the product's physical and chemical properties and increasing the difficulty of post-processing the recovered carbon black.

Secondly, continuous cracking technology can be further divided into continuous batch cracking and continuous cracking. Continuous batch cracking utilizes several parallel cracking furnaces, each of which can be individually controlled without interfering with each other, allowing them to be operated sequentially to achieve continuous cracking. That is, after each cracking furnace completes its reaction, it can be cooled independently, the cracking products removed, and the material to be cracked refilled. While this cracking method allows for continuous cracking reactions, it still requires repeated heating and cooling of each furnace, removal of the cracking products, and refilling of the material to be cracked. As with the aforementioned batch cracking method, this method suffers from the same energy consumption and requires additional post-processing to recover the carbon black, resulting in a complex process and wasted labor and time. Furthermore, this continuous cracking method utilizes multiple crackers, requiring independent control of each cracker, further complicating the operation and introducing numerous inconveniences. Furthermore, the furnace equipment is quite large and heavy, limiting its practical application.

Therefore, in recent years, continuous cracking equipment has been developed that does not require the parallel operation of multiple crackers as previously described. This is disclosed in Taiwan Patent No. 1-401309. This continuous cracking equipment has multiple reaction zones in the cracking furnace reaction chamber. These reaction zones are interconnected, and each reaction zone is equipped with an axial transport structure. The axial transport structure is equipped with several spiral and blade sections on a central axis. The waste rubber material to be cracked fed into the cracking furnace reaction zone moves along the central axis while undergoing reaction, and is stirred and mixed, so that the waste rubber material can be more uniform and thus completely cracked. The heat source required for continuous cracking includes: a heat source generator, a combustion chamber and a superheated steam generator. The heat source generator can High-temperature gas is provided. The combustion chamber is connected to a heat source generator and can receive heat from the heat source generator to carry out the cracking reaction. The superheated steam generator is also connected to the combustion chamber to provide superheated steam with a temperature higher than 100°C as a carrier gas for the gaseous products of the cracking reaction. A cracking material processing system is also installed downstream of the cracking equipment. The cracking material processing system includes: a screen, a magnetic separator and a grinder. The metal components in the solid products of the cracking reaction (recovered carbon black) are further screened and separated, and then the solid products are ground to the desired size for recycling and reuse. However, because this continuous steam cracking equipment uses steam as a heat source for cracking, the resulting solid products (recovered carbon black) and pyrolysis oil have a high water content and relatively low product properties. It also produces a large amount of steam condensate, causing pollution. Furthermore, the solid products inevitably require further processing to meet product specifications and quality requirements, resulting in complex processing and labor-intensive work. Therefore, there is still room for improvement.

This invention aims to provide a system for producing recycled carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from scrap tires, using scrap tire rubber as raw material. This system utilizes a unified, continuous process consisting of pyrolysis, reforming, carbon black recovery, and pyrolysis oil and gas processing. This system effectively improves the efficiency of scrap tire recycling and processing, while also enhancing the quality of the recycled carbon black product and the biomass-rich pyrolysis oil.

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a system that cyclically utilizes the pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas produced by pyrolysis as a heat supply source, providing a stable heat source and effectively completing the complete pyrolysis of waste tires. This system is also energy-efficient and can be used to recover carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from waste tires.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention comprises: a cracking device, a reforming device, a crude carbon black processing device, a carbon black finished product output device and a cracking oil and gas processing device. The cracking device is composed of a combustion furnace and a cracking furnace. The combustion furnace uses the cracking oil and cracking gas produced by cracking as a heat supply source, and generates high temperature through combustion to provide the cracking furnace as a heat source; the cracking furnace can carry out thermal cracking reaction on the crushed waste tire rubber sheet under high temperature and oxygen-free state to produce organic-rich carbon black, cracking oil and cracking gas. The reforming device is a reforming furnace. The pyrolysis furnace is operated in series with the cracking furnace and is connected to the combustion furnace. The high-temperature gas fed into the combustion furnace is used as a heat source to adjust the surface physical and chemical properties of the organic-rich carbon black produced by the cracking furnace to produce crude carbon black, which is then sent to the crude carbon black processing device, while the cracking oil and cracking gas are sent to the cracking oil and gas processing device; the crude carbon black processing device includes: a circular screen, a magnetic separator, a magnetic rod and a crude carbon black temporary tank. The circular screen is connected to the reforming equipment with a hopper, and the reformed crude carbon black can be recycled into the circular screen to screen out a certain amount of particles. The size of the carbon black is determined by magnetic separation, and the steel wire and metal impurities contained therein are sent to the crude carbon black temporary storage tank for storage. After the carbon black accumulates to a certain amount, it is sent to the carbon black finished product output device. The carbon black finished product output device includes: a grinder, a grinding dust collector, a buffer collection tank, a granulator and a drying furnace. The grinder is connected to the crude carbon black temporary storage tank to grind the crude carbon black into fine powder, filter the dust, and store it in the buffer collection tank. After the carbon black accumulates to a certain amount, it is stably fed to the granulator to make the powdered carbon black into granules, so that it can be dried in the drying furnace. Drying removes excess water from the carbon black, resulting in a recovered carbon black product of the desired temperature and moisture content. The product is then sent to a finished product storage tank for weighing, packaging, and shipment. The pyrolysis oil and gas processing unit, connected to the pyrolysis furnace, comprises a spray cooler, a condenser, a settling tank, and a filter. This pyrolysis gas produced by the thermal cracking reaction is first condensed, and the condensable portion is extracted to produce primary pyrolysis oil. This condensed portion is then precipitated and filtered to produce biomass-rich pyrolysis oil. Uncondensable pyrolysis gas is returned to the furnace for use as fuel. This allows for a consistent and continuous process of waste tire pyrolysis, crude carbon black processing, pyrolysis oil and gas processing, and the production of finished carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil. This effectively improves recycling efficiency and the quality of recovered carbon black. Heat energy is also recycled to effectively complete the pyrolysis of waste tires, resulting in significant energy savings.

1: Cracking equipment

11: Furnace

12: Cracking furnace

121: Screw Conveyor

2: Modification equipment

3: Crude carbon black processing device

31: Circular Screen Machine

311: Bucket Elevator

312: Screen

313: Opening

32: Magnetic Separator

321: Rotor

322: Outlet nozzle

323: Outlet nozzle

324: Bucket Elevator

33: Magnetic Bar

34: Coarse carbon black holding tank

4: Carbon black finished product output device

41: Grinder

42: Grinding dust collector

421: Dust filter bag

43: Buffer collection tank

431: Airtight Valve

44: Granulator

45: Drying furnace

451: Bucket Elevator

46: Carbon black finished product storage tank

5: Cracking oil and gas processing equipment

51: Spray cooling device

52: Condenser

53: Sedimentation Tank

54: Filter device

A: Waste tire rubber sheet

B: Recycled carbon black

C: Pyrolysis Oil

D: Cracking gas

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the system for recycling carbon black and producing biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from waste tires.

The overall system structure design and the technical content used in this invention are explained as follows with diagrams: Please refer to Figure 1. This invention includes: a cracking device (1), a reforming device (2), a crude carbon black processing device (3), a carbon black finished product output device (4) and a cracking oil and gas processing device (5).

The cracking equipment (1) comprises a combustion furnace (11) and a cracking furnace (12). The combustion furnace (11) uses cracking oil and cracking gas as fuel, and generates high-temperature gas of 700°C to 900°C through combustion, which is provided to the cracking furnace (12) for cracking reaction. The cracking furnace (12) uses the high-temperature gas fed into the combustion furnace (11) as a heat source, controls the temperature in the furnace between 300°C and 550°C and is under negative pressure. The scrap tire rubber sheet (A) fed into the furnace after crushing is continuously transported through a screw conveyor (121) provided in the furnace body, and performs thermal cracking reaction under high temperature and oxygen-free conditions, thereby producing crude carbon black rich in organic matter and cracking gas.

The reforming equipment (2) is mainly a reforming furnace, which is operated in series with the cracking furnace (12) and is connected to the combustion furnace (11). The crude carbon black rich in organic matter produced by the cracking furnace (12) can be fed into the reforming furnace, and the high-temperature gas fed into the combustion furnace (11) is used as a heat source. At a temperature of 400°C to 600°C in the furnace and under negative pressure, the organic matter contained in the crude carbon black is fully discharged, and the physical and chemical properties of the surface of the crude carbon black are adjusted. In addition, a belt magnetic separator installed at the outlet is used to magnetically absorb the metal materials such as steel wire contained in the crude carbon black, and then the crude carbon black is sent to the crude carbon black processing device (3).

The crude carbon black processing device (3) comprises: a circular screen (31), a magnetic separator (32), a magnetic rod (33) and a crude carbon black temporary tank (34). A bucket elevator (311) is installed at the front end of the circular screen (31). The bucket elevator (311) is connected to the outlet pipe of the reforming device (2) to circulate the crude carbon black produced by the reforming into the circular screen (31). A screen (312) with a certain mesh size is provided inside the circular screen (31). 312) can be driven to move, pushing the input coarse carbon black forward in its direction of movement and spreading it out; and while moving forward, coarse carbon black particles with smaller mesh than the screen (312) can pass through the screen (312) and fall down, and then be sent to the rear magnetic separator (32), while coarse carbon black particles with larger sizes cannot pass through the screen (312) and will move along with the screen (312) and be discharged from the end opening (313), and can be collected and put back into the cracking furnace (12) for further cracking.

A rotor (321) is provided at the center of the magnetic separator (32). The rotor (321) can rotate in a certain direction and is provided with a magnet inside. The coarse carbon black fed after screening by the circular screen (31) can be transported along the rotation direction of the rotor (321). The magnet is used to magnetically attract the steel wire or other metal impurities contained therein and the steel wire or other metal impurities continue to rotate along the rotation direction of the rotor (321). When the rotor (321) is rotated to a non-magnetic angle, the steel wire or other metal impurities are removed. , can naturally fall to the outlet nozzle (322) by its own gravity; while non-metallic materials such as crude carbon black fall into the outlet nozzle (323) on the other side and are sent to the crude carbon black temporary storage tank (34) through the bucket elevator (324). Before being sent to the crude carbon black temporary storage tank (34), the residual metal impurities such as steel wire can be magnetically sucked out by the magnetic rod (33). After the crude carbon black accumulates to a certain amount in the temporary storage tank (34), it is stably discharged and sent to the carbon black finished product output device (4).

The carbon black finished product production device (4) comprises: a grinder (41), a grinding dust collector (42), a buffer collection tank (43), a granulator (44) and a drying furnace (45). The grinder (41) is connected to the coarse carbon black temporary tank (34) and can grind the coarse carbon black fed from the coarse carbon black temporary tank (34) to break up the inherent agglomeration of the carbon black and form a fine powder that can be granulated. , and then sucked into the grinding dust collector (42), and the grinding dust collector (42) is provided with a dust filter bag (421) inside, so that the powdered carbon black fed in the gaseous state can pass through the dust filter bag (421), and the dust and carbon black are collected. The captured carbon black can be transported to the buffer collection tank (43) and after accumulating to a fixed amount, it can be stably discharged to the granulator (44) through the airtight valve (431) and the conveying pipe.

The granulator (44) is equipped with spirally arranged cylindrical rods for conveying the carbon black backwards. Granulating water is added during the conveying process. Under the interaction between the cylindrical rods and the outer shell, the powdered carbon black is made into granules to facilitate conveying. The granules are then conveyed to the drying furnace (45). The drying furnace (45) is connected to the cracking furnace (12) and can introduce the excess hot air after the cracking of the cracking furnace (12) as a heat source. The carbon black is dried during the rotating conveying process to remove the high water content in the carbon black, thereby producing a recovered carbon black (B) product that meets the required temperature and moisture content standards. The recovered carbon black (B) product is then conveyed to the carbon black product storage tank (46) via the elevator (451) for weighing and packaging for shipment.

This invention, based on the aforementioned practical implementation, has produced recycled carbon black products. Product quality analysis and testing revealed that the basic physical properties of the recycled carbon black, as shown in Table 1, are only slightly lower than those of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) N330 standard carbon black. Furthermore, the results of rubber processing tests, as shown in Table 2, demonstrate the overall physical properties of the recycled carbon black (including reinforcement, dispersibility, and blackness). This provides a reference for the application and formulation adjustments of recycled carbon black in various industries, demonstrating its substantial industrial value.

The cracking oil and gas processing device (5) is connected to the cracking furnace (12) and comprises: a spray cooling device (51), a condenser (52), a sedimentation tank (53) and a filtering device (54). The cracking gas produced by the cracking reaction of the cracking furnace (12) is first condensed by the spray cooling device (51) and the condenser (52). The condensable part is extracted from the bottom to obtain the primary cracking oil. After sedimentation treatment in the sedimentation tank (53), it is sent to the second filtering device (54) for repeated filtering to produce cracking oil (C) rich in biomass components. The cracking gas (D) that cannot be condensed is sent to the combustion furnace (11) for use as fuel.

The cracking gas, biomass-rich cracking oil, and cracking oil produced by the aforementioned practical implementation of this invention have been analyzed and tested. The cracking gas composition analysis is shown in (Table 3), the biomass-rich cracking oil composition analysis is shown in (Table 4), and the cracking oil biomass composition analysis is shown in (Table 5). All products are generally accepted in the market.

This invention can effectively improve the efficiency of waste tire recycling by integrating the continuous processing operation of waste tires through the pyrolysis equipment (1), the reforming equipment (2), the crude carbon black processing device (3), the carbon black finished product output device (4) and the pyrolysis oil and gas processing device (5). The reforming equipment (2) can be used to adjust the surface physicochemical properties and organic matter content of the crude carbon black produced by the pyrolysis of waste tires, and to remove harmful components in the crude carbon black so that it can meet the use standards of the rubber and plastic industry, thereby improving the reuse value of the recycled carbon black (B). Furthermore, the crude carbon black recycled by this invention can be passed through the carbon black finished product output device (4) to adjust the particle size of the carbon black particles according to the reuse target, so that the recycled carbon black (B) can be widely used in rubber processing, plastic dyeing, ink and fiber dyeing processing, etc. In addition, the invention can produce cracking oil (C) rich in biomass components through the cracking oil and gas processing device (5), and circulate the cracking oil (C) and cracking gas (D) produced by the cracking reaction as the heat supply source of the combustion furnace (11), thereby stabilizing the heat source and effectively completing the complete cracking of waste tires. The residual heat after cracking can also be used as the drying heat source of the drying furnace (45) to remove the moisture in the recovered carbon black (B), effectively achieving the effect of energy saving. All of this once again shows the value of the invention in industrial utilization.

The aforementioned embodiment is merely one specific feasible method for achieving the creative purpose of this invention. Therefore, any simple replacement of equivalent components or simple changes in the manufacturing system that achieve the same creative goal shall fall within the technical scope of this invention.

In summary, this invention clearly possesses industrial value, and the overall system design used to achieve its purpose has not been published or used publicly. Therefore, it is not something that could be easily accomplished using prior art. Therefore, it should meet the application requirements for a new patent. We kindly request that the patent rights be granted.

1: Cracking equipment

11: Furnace

12: Cracking furnace

121: Screw Conveyor

2: Modification equipment

3: Crude carbon black processing device

31: Circular Screen Machine

311: Bucket Elevator

312: Screen

313: Opening

32: Magnetic Separator

321: Rotor

322: Outlet nozzle

323: Outlet nozzle

324: Bucket Elevator

33: Magnetic Bar

34: Coarse carbon black holding tank

4: Carbon black finished product output device

41: Grinder

42: Grinding dust collector

421: Dust filter bag

43: Buffer collection tank

431: Airtight Valve

44: Granulator

45: Drying furnace

451: Bucket Elevator

46: Carbon black finished product storage tank

5: Cracking oil and gas processing equipment

51: Spray cooling device

52: Condenser

53: Sedimentation Tank

54: Filter device

A: Waste tire rubber sheet

B: Recycled carbon black

C: Pyrolysis Oil

D: Cracking gas

Claims (6)

A system for preparing and recovering carbon black and pyrolysis oil rich in biomass from waste tires comprises: a pyrolysis device having a combustion furnace and a pyrolysis furnace, wherein the combustion furnace is capable of burning to generate high-temperature gas, which is fed into the pyrolysis furnace as a heat source, and the waste tire rubber sheets fed into the pyrolysis furnace undergo a pyrolysis reaction to produce organic-rich carbon black, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas; a reforming device, which is a reforming furnace, which is operated in series with the pyrolysis furnace and is connected to the combustion furnace, and uses the high-temperature gas fed into the combustion furnace as a heat source. To adjust the physical and chemical properties of the surface of organic-rich carbon black produced by the cracking furnace to produce crude carbon black; a crude carbon black processing device, comprising: a circular screen, a magnetic separator, a magnetic rod and a crude carbon black temporary tank. The circular screen is connected to the reforming equipment by a bucket elevator to feed the crude carbon black produced after reforming into the circular screen. The circular screen, magnetic separator and magnetic rod are then magnetically attracted to remove steel wire or metal impurities contained in the crude carbon black and sent to the crude carbon black temporary tank; a carbon black finished product production device, The system comprises a grinder, a grinding dust collector, a buffer collection tank, a granulator, and a drying furnace. The grinder is connected to the crude carbon black temporary tank pipeline to grind the crude carbon black particles fed from the crude carbon black temporary tank, breaking up the inherent agglomeration of carbon black and forming a fine powder. The grinding dust collector is equipped with a dust filter bag to capture the powdered carbon black fed in the gaseous state and send it to the buffer collection tank. The dust is then discharged to the granulator through an airtight valve and a conveying pipe. The powdered carbon black is then granulated into granules by adding water. The pyrolysis gas is heated and dried in a drying furnace to produce a carbon black product with the required temperature and moisture content. A pyrolysis oil and gas processing device is connected to the pyrolysis furnace and includes a spray cooler, a condenser, a sedimentation tank, and a filter. The pyrolysis gas produced by the pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis furnace is first condensed in the spray cooler and condenser. The condensable portion is then extracted to produce primary pyrolysis oil, which is then precipitated in the sedimentation tank and filtered in the filter to produce pyrolysis oil rich in biomass components. As described in claim 1, the system for recovering carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from scrap tires comprises a combustion furnace that uses pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas as fuel. The combustion generates high-temperature gas at 700°C to 900°C, which serves as a heat source for the pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis furnace. As described in claim 1, the system for recovering carbon black and producing biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from scrap tires comprises a circular screen equipped with a screen mesh that can be driven to push the input coarse carbon black forward and spread it out, allowing coarse carbon black particles with smaller mesh sizes to pass through the screen mesh and fall into the magnetic separator, while coarse carbon black particles with larger mesh sizes can be discharged from the opening at the end of the screen mesh as it rotates, and then fed back into the pyrolysis furnace for further pyrolysis. As described in claim 1, the system for recovering carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from scrap tires comprises a rotor located at the center of the magnetic separator. The rotor is capable of rotating in a certain direction and is internally equipped with a magnet. This allows coarse carbon black particles that fall into the separator to be transported along the direction of the rotor's rotation, magnetically attracting any steel wire or other metallic impurities contained therein. The separator continues to rotate in the direction of the rotor's rotation. When the rotor reaches a non-magnetic angle, metallic impurities such as steel wire and non-metallic materials such as coarse carbon black are discharged from outlet nozzles on different sides. As described in claim 1, the system for producing recycled carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from scrap tires comprises a drying furnace connected to a pyrolysis furnace, which can be used to introduce excess hot air from the pyrolysis furnace to dry the incoming carbon black, thereby removing excess moisture from the carbon black and producing a recycled carbon black product that meets the required temperature and moisture content standards. A system for recovering carbon black and biomass-rich pyrolysis oil from scrap tires as described in claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis gas that cannot be condensed by the spray cooling device and condenser can be sent to a combustion furnace for use as fuel.