CN111826176A - An anaerobic cracking treatment device for domestic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anaerobic cracking treatment device for household garbage, which comprises a feeding system, a cracking treatment system and a cracking treatment system, wherein the feeding system is used for pretreating a raw material and dividing the raw material into a first material and a second material; the carbonization cracking system is used for carrying out pyrolysis treatment on the raw materials conveyed by the feeding system; the carbonization cracking system comprises a carbonization furnace and a cracking furnace, the carbonization furnace comprises a carbonization part and a carbonization heating jacket, and the cracking furnace comprises a cracking part and a cracking heating jacket; the pyrolysis gas purification system is used for purifying gases generated by the carbonization furnace and the cracking furnace; and the combustion system is used for providing heat required by the reaction for the carbonization furnace and the cracking furnace with the gas purified by the cracking gas purification system. The invention divides the domestic garbage into two parts for treatment, each part of the domestic garbage adopts an anaerobic cracking mode to carry out pyrolysis treatment, and cracked products can be recycled, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of resources.

Description

An anaerobic cracking treatment device for domestic waste

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of domestic garbage treatment, in particular to an anaerobic cracking treatment device for domestic garbage.

Background technique

With the rapid increase of population and the further improvement of living standards, the production of municipal solid waste is increasing day by day. The existing treatment facilities are far from meeting the needs of urban development, and the neighbor avoidance effect is serious, which cannot meet the requirements of residents for the living environment.

The traditional treatment methods of domestic waste include landfill, incineration and pyrolysis, among which landfill needs to occupy a lot of land resources, resulting in landfill leachate, causing serious pollution to groundwater and destroying the ecological balance; incineration can reduce the amount of domestic waste and is harmless Pyrolysis is a common method of treating domestic waste, but it has low economic benefits, high costs for subsequent exhaust gas treatment and residue treatment, and there is a secondary pollution problem; the traditional pyrolysis method belongs to direct heating, although part of the energy can be recovered, but the same There is a problem of residue disposal, and comprehensive utilization of resources cannot be achieved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an anaerobic cracking treatment device for domestic garbage, which solves the above-mentioned traditional problems. , to achieve comprehensive utilization of resources.

The present invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize:

An anaerobic cracking treatment device for domestic waste, comprising:

The feeding system is used to pretreat the raw material and divide it into the first material and the second material;

A carbonization cracking system for pyrolyzing the raw materials transported by the feeding system; the carbonization cracking system includes a carbonization furnace for processing the first material and a cracking furnace for processing the second material, the carbonization and cracking system The furnace includes an inner carbonization part and an outer carbonization heating jacket, and the cracking furnace includes an inner cracking part and an outer cracking heating jacket;

a cracking gas purification system for purifying the gas produced by the carbonization furnace and the cracking furnace; and

The combustion system is used for purifying the gas purified by the cracking gas purification system to provide the heat required for the reaction of the carbonization furnace and the cracking furnace.

Preferably, the diameter of the upper end of the cracking part is larger than the diameter of the lower end.

Preferably, the inlet temperature of the pyrolysis heating jacket is 800°C to 900°C.

Preferably, the cracking part is provided with a first cracking gas outlet end, a second cracking gas outlet end, a first cracking gas inlet end, a second cracking gas inlet end and a third cracking gas inlet end; A gravity dust collector, a high-temperature filter and a high-temperature fan are installed on the pipeline in sequence, and the high-temperature fan is connected with the inlet end of the carbonization part; the pipeline of the second cracking gas outlet is installed with a cracking cyclone dust collector connected in sequence. The outlet pipeline of the circulating fan is respectively connected with the first cracking inlet end, the second cracking inlet end and the third cracking inlet end.

Preferably, the first cracking inlet end and the second cracking inlet end are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the diameter reducing portion of the cracking part, and the third cracking inlet end is arranged at the bottom of the cracking part .

Preferably, the pyrolysis gas purification system includes a carbonization cyclone dust collector, a spray tower and a gas cabinet connected in sequence, the inlet end of the carbonization cyclone dust collector is connected with the gas outlet end of the carbonization part, and the gas cabinet is connected to the gas cabinet. connected to the combustion system.

Preferably, the combustion system includes a burner, a gas blower connected to the burner, a combustion-supporting blower and an air heat exchanger, the gas outlet end of the burner is connected to the cracking heating jacket, and the gas blower is used for The gas of the gas cabinet is introduced into the burner, and the combustion-supporting fan is used for introducing the air into the burner after heat exchange through the air heat exchanger.

Preferably, the gas inlet end of the carbonization heating jacket is connected with the gas outlet end of the pyrolysis heating jacket, and the gas outlet end of the carbonization heating jacket is connected with the air heat exchanger.

Preferably, the anaerobic cracking treatment device for domestic waste further includes a flue gas purification treatment system, the flue gas purification treatment system includes a bag filter, an induced draft fan and a chimney, and the inlet end of the bag filter is connected to the air heat exchanger connected.

Preferably, the feeding system includes a pretreatment assembly, a first feeding assembly and a second feeding assembly, and the pretreatment assembly includes a crusher, a belt conveyor and a trommel that are connected in sequence, and the trommel is arranged on the trommel. There are a first discharge port and a second discharge port; the first feeding component includes a feeding conveyor and a receiving hopper connected to the first discharging port, and the receiving hopper is used for connecting with the carbonization part. The feeding end is connected; the second feeding assembly includes a fine crusher, a baffle conveyor and a feeding device connected to the second discharging port, and the feeding device is used for connecting with the feeding end of the cracking part connect.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention divides the domestic garbage into two parts for processing, and each part of the domestic garbage adopts the method of anaerobic cracking for pyrolysis treatment, and the cracked product can be recycled to realize the comprehensive utilization of resources.

The invention adopts the methods of pyrolysis gas combustion indirect heating and pyrolysis gas circulating direct heating to heat treatment of domestic waste. Compared with incineration treatment, less metal and fly ash are produced. After treatment, flue gas emission is more environmentally friendly, so that the device More energy saving and environmental protection.

The present invention uses isolated air to heat the domestic garbage, so that the device can perform anaerobic cracking of the domestic garbage. Compared with the incineration treatment, the pyrolysis temperature is lower, the reaction temperature of the cracking furnace is only about 650°C, and the main component of the slag is carbon powder. , can be used as the raw material for the production of organic charcoal fertilizer, the production and treatment process has no secondary pollution, and the harmlessness is truly realized.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the anaerobic cracking treatment device of domestic garbage of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the feeding system shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the carbonization cracking system shown in Fig. 1;

FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of the pyrolysis gas purification system shown in FIG. 1 .

In the figure: 10, feeding system; 11, pretreatment component; 111, crusher; 112, belt conveyor; 113, trommel screen; 12, first feeding component; 121, feeding conveyor; 122, receiving hopper ; 13, the second feeding component; 131, the fine crusher; 132, the baffle conveyor; 133, the feeding device; 20, the carbonization cracking system; 30, the cracking gas purification system; 31, the carbonization cyclone dust collector; 32, the spray Spray tower; 33, gas cabinet; 40, combustion system; 41, burner; 42, gas fan; 43, combustion fan; 44, air heat exchanger; 50, carbonization furnace; 51, carbonization part; 510, scraper conveying machine; 52, carbonization heating jacket; 60, cracking furnace; 61, cracking section; 610, first cracking gas outlet; 611, second cracking gas outlet; 612, first cracking inlet; 613, second cracking inlet Gas end; 614, the third pyrolysis air inlet; 615, gravity dust collector; 616, high temperature filter; 617, high temperature fan; 618, pyrolysis cyclone dust collector; 619, circulating fan; 62, pyrolysis heating jacket; 70, Flue gas purification treatment system; 71, bag filter; 72, induced draft fan; 73, chimney.

Detailed ways

Below, in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is further described:

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the process flow of an anaerobic cracking treatment device for domestic garbage according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It adopts anaerobic cracking technology to perform pyrolysis treatment on domestic garbage. The anaerobic cracking treatment of domestic garbage The device includes a feeding system 10, a carbonization cracking system 20, a pyrolysis gas purification system 30 and a combustion system 40. The feeding system 10 is used to pretreat the raw materials and divide them into a first material and a second material; the carbonization and cracking system 20 is used for The raw material conveyed by the feeding system 10 is subjected to pyrolysis treatment; the carbonization cracking system 20 includes a carbonization furnace 50 for processing the first material and a cracking furnace 60 for processing the second material, and the carbonization furnace 50 includes an inner carbonization part. 51 and the outer carbonization heating jacket 52, the cracking furnace 60 includes the inner cracking part 61 and the outer cracking heating jacket 62; the cracking gas purification system 30 is used for the carbonization furnace 50 and the cracking furnace 60. The generated gas is purified; the combustion system 40 is used to purify the gas purified by the cracking gas purification system 30 to provide the carbonization furnace 50 and the cracking furnace 60 with the heat required for the reaction.

The present invention divides the domestic garbage into two parts for processing, and each part of the domestic garbage adopts the method of anaerobic cracking for pyrolysis treatment, and the cracked product can be recycled to realize the comprehensive utilization of resources.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the feeding system 10 includes a pretreatment assembly 11 , a first feeding assembly 12 and a second feeding assembly 13 . The pretreatment assembly 11 includes a crusher 111 , a belt conveyor 112 and a trommel screen connected in sequence. 113. The trommel screen 113 is provided with a first outlet for outputting the first material and a second outlet for outputting the second material; the first feeding component 12 includes a feeding conveyor 121 connected to the first outlet and The receiving hopper 122 is used to connect with the feeding end of the carbonization part 51. The receiving hopper 122 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, so that the amount of air between the temporarily stored materials is small, and a large amount of air is prevented from passing through. The material is introduced into the carbonization furnace 50 . In this embodiment, the crusher 111 is a roller crusher 111 , and the feed conveyor 121 is one of a screw conveyor and a roller conveyor. The second feeding component 13 includes a fine crusher 131 connected to the second discharging port, a baffle conveyor 132 and a feeding device 133. The feeding device 133 is used for connecting with the feeding end of the cracking part 61, and the feeding device 133 passes through the The rotary spreader spreads the material evenly and thinly, so that the material entering the cracking furnace 60 is better pyrolyzed.

Among them, the trommel screen 113 uses a mechanical method to form a screen surface with several sieve bars in parallel. After the material is put into the trommel screen 113, due to the inclination and rotation of the trommel screen 113, the material is rolled over and rolled through different meshes. The purpose screen is to screen out the materials one by one to realize the dry and wet separation of the materials. In one embodiment, the first material is an undersize material with a relatively high moisture content and a heavy specific gravity, such as a material with a moisture content of 5%-15%, and the second material is a relatively low moisture content and a light specific gravity The sieve material, such as the material with a moisture content of less than 5%.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the carbonization furnace 50 is a rotary furnace structure, which can greatly prolong the residence time of domestic waste in the furnace, and gradually complete processes such as drying, pyrolysis and gasification. Specifically, at least one carbonization feed gate valve is installed on the feed end of the carbonization part 51 , and at least one carbonization discharge gate valve is installed on the ash discharge end of the carbonization part 51 , so that the inlet and outlet of the carbonization part 51 are The material can be accurately controlled. In this embodiment, the number of the carbonized feed gate valves is two, which is connected in series; the number of carbonized discharge gate valves is two, which is connected in series. Optionally, a scraper conveyor 510 is installed downstream of the carbonized discharge gate valve for conveying ash and slag.

The cracking furnace 60 is a fluidized bed structure, which relies on the high heat capacity, strong mixing and heat transfer of the high-temperature fluidized bed material in the furnace, so that the garbage sent into the furnace is rapidly heated and pyrolyzed, and the pyrolyzed gas passes through the inside and outside. Multiple ways of circulation are returned to the furnace, which increases the temperature of the material in the upper part of the furnace, and at the same time enhances the material exchange between the upper and lower parts of the furnace, so that the entire furnace is in a uniform high-temperature pyrolysis state. Specifically, the diameter of the upper end of the cracking part 61 of the cracking furnace 60 is larger than the diameter of the lower end, that is, there is a variable diameter part between the upper end and the lower end of the cracking part 61, so that the material enters the cracking part 61 and gradually concentrates in the middle by its own gravity; In one embodiment, the inlet temperature of the cracking heating jacket 62 is 800°C˜900°C.

Wherein, the cracking part 61 is provided with a first cracking gas outlet end 610, a second cracking gas outlet end 611, a first cracking gas inlet end 612, a second cracking gas inlet end 613 and a third cracking gas inlet end 614; the first cracking gas inlet end 614; The gas end 612 and the second cracking inlet end 613 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the diameter reducing portion of the cracking part 61 , and the third cracking intake end 614 is disposed at the bottom of the cracking part 61 . In one embodiment, a gravity filter 615, a high-temperature filter 616 and a high-temperature blower 617 are installed on the pipeline of the first cracking gas outlet 610 in sequence, and the high-temperature blower 617 is connected to the inlet end of the carbonization part 51, and the cracking The high-temperature gas generated by the part 61 is sent to the carbonization part 51 after being purified, and is heated and heated. The pipeline of the second cracking gas outlet 611 is installed with a cracking cyclone 618 and a circulating fan 619 connected in sequence, and the outlet pipeline of the circulating fan 619 is connected to the first cracking intake end 612, the second cracking intake end 613, the third cracking intake end 613, and the third The pyrolysis gas inlet end 614 is connected to each other, that is, the pyrolyzed gas is used as the fluidized medium, and flows out from the second pyrolysis gas outlet end 611. After being purified by the pyrolysis cyclone dust collector 618, it is forcibly transported by the circulating fan 619 to the first pyrolysis gas inlet. The inlet end 612 , the second cracking inlet end 613 , and the third cracking inlet end 614 are input at different inlet ends of the cracking part 61 to enhance the material exchange between the upper and lower parts of the cracking part 61 . Optionally, the cracking part 61 is installed with a gas collecting pipe that communicates with the first cracking gas outlet end 610, and the inlet pipe opening of the gas collecting pipe is located at the lower end of the first cracking gas inlet end 612 or the lower end of the second cracking gas inlet end 613, that is, The horizontal position of the inlet pipe opening of the gas collecting pipe is lower than the horizontal position of the nozzle of the first cracking inlet end 612, so that the gases output by the first cracking gas outlet end 610 are CO, H2, CO2, CH4 with relatively sufficient cracking. , H2O and other small gases such as hydrocarbons for subsequent collection and reuse.

In one embodiment, the cracking part 61 is provided with a first cracking discharge end and a second cracking discharge end which are oppositely arranged, and at least one cracking outlet is installed on the first cracking discharge end and the second cracking discharge end. The material gate valve is used for the output of the ash in the cracking part 61. In this embodiment, the number of the cracking discharge gate valve is two, which are connected in series.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the pyrolysis gas purification system 30 includes a carbonization cyclone 31, a spray tower 32 and a gas cabinet 33 which are connected in sequence. It is connected to the combustion system 40, and the gas produced by the pyrolysis of the cracking furnace 60 and the carbonization furnace 50 is purified and then transported to the combustion system 40 for combustion to provide thermal energy for the entire system. In one embodiment, the gas cabinet 33 is also connected with a gas reuse system to reuse the remaining gas. The gas reuse system is but not limited to a gas generator unit or a gas boiler driving a steam turbine generator set.

The combustion system 40 includes a burner 41, a gas blower 42 connected to the burner 41, a combustion-supporting blower 43 and an air heat exchanger 44. The gas outlet end of the burner 41 is connected to the cracking heating jacket 62, and the gas blower 42 is used to connect the gas cabinet 33 The gas is introduced into the burner 41, and the combustion-supporting fan 43 is used to introduce the air into the burner 41 after heat exchange by the air heat exchanger 44, so that the gas and the air are mixed in the burner 41 and burn better, and the smoke of the burner 41 The gas temperature is controlled at 800℃～900℃. In this embodiment, the air heat exchanger 44 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the air travels through the tube side.

In one embodiment, the gas inlet end of the carbonization heating jacket 52 is connected to the gas outlet end of the cracking heating jacket 62, and the gas outlet end of the carbonization heating jacket 52 is connected to the air heat exchanger 44, that is, from the cracking heating jacket 62 The high-temperature flue gas that comes out is heated by the carbonization furnace 50, and then passes through the shell side of the air heat exchanger 44 to heat up the air, thereby realizing the multiple utilization of the high-temperature flue gas.

Optionally, the anaerobic cracking treatment device for domestic waste also includes a flue gas purification treatment system 70. The flue gas purification treatment system 70 includes a bag filter 71, an induced draft fan 72 and a chimney 73, and the inlet end of the bag filter 71 is exchanged with the air. The shell side of the heater 44 is connected, and the flue gas enters the bag filter 71, and after the dust reaches the standard, it is transported to the chimney 73 by the induced draft fan 72 and discharged to the outside.

In one embodiment, the lower ends of the gravity filter 615, the scraper conveyor 510, the bag filter 71, the carbonization cyclone 31, and the pyrolysis cyclone 618 are all provided with collection devices for collecting ash.

The technological process of the above-mentioned device is:

After the collected domestic waste is crushed by the roller crusher 111, the material falls into the belt conveyor 112, and the belt conveyor 112 transports the material to the trommel screen 113. Using the working principle of the trommel screen 113, the material is divided into sieves. and undersize, the undersize with higher moisture content is transported to the receiving hopper 122 through the feeding conveyor 121 , and after being temporarily stored, enters the carbonization part 51 of the carbonization furnace 50 .

After being further crushed by the fine crusher 131, the material on the screen is sent to the feeding device 133 through the baffle conveyor 132, and through the feeding device 133, the material is sent to the cracking part 61 of the cracking furnace 60 for high-temperature vulcanization reaction, and the cracking furnace 60 The fluidized bed is completely oxygen-free and indirectly heated to crack the material. The cracked gas is self-circulated as the fluidized medium, and the cracked products are mainly gas and carbon residue.

The carbonization furnace 50 is a rotary structure, and the carbonization part 51 contains the undersize household garbage, which is indirectly heated by flue gas and directly heated by the pyrolysis gas, and the heat is transferred to the undersize household garbage, so that it is carbonized and cracked in the carbonization part 51. The generated gas products are mainly CO, H2, CO2, CH4, H2O and other hydrocarbons. The ash components of the cracking furnace 60 and the carbonization furnace 50 are mainly inorganic substances and carbon powder. The carbon powder can be separated by sieving. Charcoal powder can be used for composting.

The gas flow in this device includes the following:

The internal circulation flow process of the cracked gas: the high-temperature cracked gas generated by the cracking section 61 of the cracking furnace 60 is output through the second cracking gas outlet 611, and after being dedusted by the cracking cyclone dust collector 618, it is transported by the circulating fan 619 to the first cracking inlet end. 612 , the second cracking inlet end 613 , and the third cracking inlet end 614 , and then enter the cracking section 61 to form an internal circulation in the cracking section 61 .

The external flow process of the cracked gas: the high-temperature cracked gas generated by the cracking section 61 of the cracking furnace 60 is output through the first cracking gas outlet 610, after being dedusted by the gravity dust collector 615, and then the impurities in the gas are filtered by the high-temperature filter 616, It is transported by the high temperature fan 617 to the intake end of the carbonization part 51 to heat the carbonization part 51 , and is dedusted by the carbonization cyclone 31 together with the gas pyrolyzed by the carbonization part 51 , and then sprayed by the spray tower 32 to cool down. , and then stored in the gas cabinet 33 for combustion in the combustion system 40 .

Air flow process: The air is powered by the combustion-supporting fan 43 , and is transported to the burner 41 after passing through the air heat exchanger 44 .

High-temperature flue gas flow process: high-temperature flue gas is output from the burner 41, and the flue gas temperature is 800°C to 900°C. The gas is output from the outlet end, passes through the carbonization heating jacket 52, provides pyrolysis heat for the carbonization part 51, and is output from the gas outlet end of the carbonization heating jacket 52, and then passes through the air heat exchanger 44 to exchange heat with the air, and then passes through the bag filter 71. After dust removal, the induced draft fan 72 is finally introduced into the chimney 73 and discharged to the outside. Because the flue gas from the cracking furnace 60 and the carbonization furnace 50 has a certain amount of heat energy, in order to better manage the heat energy and reduce the loss of energy consumption, the flue gas is used to preheat the combustion-supporting air through the air heat exchanger 44 and reduce the energy consumption. After the flue gas temperature is discharged. Since the gas in the cracked gas has been purified, the content of sulfides, chlorides, fluorides and heavy metals in the flue gas produced by the incinerated cracked gas is very low.

Among them, the pyrolysis cyclone 618, the carbonization cyclone 31, and the gravity precipitator 615 can remove most of the dust particles carried in the pyrolysis gas; the high temperature filter 616 can chemically adsorb a very small amount of gaseous heavy metals, thereby reducing the discharge of heavy metals It can also remove the remaining acid gas in the cracked gas. Through the above measures, the purpose of removing acid gas, dust and gaseous heavy metals in the cracked gas can be achieved.

Both the carbonization furnace 50 and the cracking furnace 60 are under the condition of isolating air, and the reaction condition of the system is a reduction reaction. Since oxygen is prevented from participating in the reaction, the formation of metal oxides is reduced, and even some metals are reduced to elemental substances. The reaction temperature of the cracking furnace 60 is only About 650℃, it is a medium-low temperature reaction. According to the characteristics of heavy metals, only a small amount of extremely volatile heavy metals such as Hg and Tl will be volatilized into the pyrolysis gas, while the main metal components in the waste are Zn, Cu, Al, Fe and other non-volatile heavy metals Medium metals and volatile heavy metals are basically few, so the content of gaseous heavy metals in the cracked gas is very small. After passing through the high temperature filter 616, a very small amount of gaseous heavy metals can be chemically adsorbed, thereby reducing the discharge of heavy metals.

The carbonization furnace 50 and the cracking furnace 60 are both in an indirect heating method with an external cover. After the high temperature flue gas generated by the combustion system 40 is heated to the cracking furnace 60, the flue gas with residual heat is heated by indirect heating to the material of the carbonization furnace 50. At the same time, the high-temperature cracking gas generated by the cracking furnace 60 is directly heated to heat the material of the carbonization furnace 50, and the external flue gas medium does not participate in the cracking reaction of domestic waste in the carbonization furnace 50, making the device more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention. Scope of protection claimed.

For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and deformations can be made according to the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all these changes and deformations should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an anaerobic cracking treatment device of domestic waste which characterized in that includes:

the feeding system is used for pretreating the raw materials and dividing the raw materials into a first material and a second material;

the carbonization cracking system is used for carrying out pyrolysis treatment on the raw materials conveyed by the feeding system; the carbonization cracking system comprises a carbonization furnace for processing a first material and a cracking furnace for processing a second material, wherein the carbonization furnace comprises an inner carbonization part and an outer carbonization heating jacket, and the cracking furnace comprises an inner cracking part and an outer cracking heating jacket;

the pyrolysis gas purification system is used for purifying the carbonization furnace and the gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace; and

and the combustion system is used for providing heat required by the reaction for the carbonization furnace and the cracking furnace with the gas purified by the pyrolysis gas purification system.

2. The anaerobic cracking treatment apparatus for domestic garbage according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the upper end of the cracking part is larger than that of the lower end.

3. The anaerobic cracking treatment device for household garbage according to claim 2, wherein the inlet air temperature of the cracking heating jacket is 800-900 ℃.

4. The anaerobic cracking treatment device for the household garbage according to claim 2, wherein the cracking part is provided with a first cracking gas outlet end, a second cracking gas outlet end, a first cracking gas inlet end, a second cracking gas inlet end and a third cracking gas inlet end; a pipeline at the gas outlet end of the first cracking unit is provided with a gravity dust collector, a high-temperature filter and a high-temperature fan which are sequentially connected, and the high-temperature fan is connected with the gas inlet end of the carbonization part; and a cracking cyclone dust collector and a circulating fan which are sequentially connected are arranged on a pipeline of the second cracking gas outlet end, and an outlet pipeline of the circulating fan is respectively connected with the first cracking gas inlet end, the second cracking gas inlet end and the third cracking gas inlet end.

5. The anaerobic cracking treatment device for the household garbage according to claim 4, wherein the first cracking air inlet end and the second cracking air inlet end are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the diameter-variable part of the cracking part, and the third cracking air inlet end is arranged at the bottom of the cracking part.

6. The anaerobic cracking treatment device for the household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the cracking gas purification system comprises a carbonization cyclone dust collector, a spray tower and a gas holder which are connected in sequence, the inlet end of the carbonization cyclone dust collector is connected with the gas outlet end of the carbonization part, and the gas holder is connected with the combustion system.

7. The anaerobic cracking treatment device for household garbage according to claim 6, wherein the combustion system comprises a burner, a gas blower connected with the burner, a combustion-supporting blower and an air heat exchanger, the gas outlet end of the burner is connected with the cracking heating jacket, the gas blower is used for introducing the gas of the gas holder into the burner, and the combustion-supporting blower is used for introducing the air into the burner after the air is subjected to heat exchange through the air heat exchanger.

8. The anaerobic cracking treatment device for household garbage according to claim 7, wherein the inlet end of the carbonization heating jacket is connected with the outlet end of the cracking heating jacket, and the outlet end of the carbonization heating jacket is connected with the air heat exchanger.

9. The anaerobic cracking treatment device for household garbage according to claim 8, further comprising a flue gas purification treatment system, wherein the flue gas purification treatment system comprises a bag-type dust remover, an induced draft fan and a chimney, and the inlet end of the bag-type dust remover is connected with the air heat exchanger.

10. The anaerobic cracking treatment device for the household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the feeding system comprises a pretreatment assembly, a first feeding assembly and a second feeding assembly, the pretreatment assembly comprises a crusher, a belt conveyor and a drum screen which are sequentially connected, and the drum screen is provided with a first discharge hole and a second discharge hole; the first feeding assembly comprises a feeding conveyor and a receiving hopper, the feeding conveyor is connected with the first discharge hole, and the receiving hopper is used for being connected with the feeding end of the carbonization part; the second feeding assembly comprises a fine crusher, a baffle conveyor and a feeding device, wherein the fine crusher, the baffle conveyor and the feeding device are connected with the second discharge hole, and the feeding device is used for being connected with the feeding end of the cracking part.

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