TWI844762B - Nutrient matrix for biological remediation of soil contaminated by total petroleum hydrocarbons - Google Patents
Nutrient matrix for biological remediation of soil contaminated by total petroleum hydrocarbons Download PDFInfo
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- YXVJNOXXPKIWIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n-(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrous amide Chemical compound CC(O)CN(N=O)CCO YXVJNOXXPKIWIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical group CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical group CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014786 phosphorus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/50—Surfactants; Emulsifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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Abstract
Description
本發明係關於環保領域，特別是關於一種表面活性劑及營養基質組成物，並且在需要時可另外添加嗜油菌株(或嗜油菌液)至營養基質組成物中。 The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a surfactant and a nutrient matrix composition, and an oleophilic bacterial strain (or oleophilic bacterial liquid) can be added to the nutrient matrix composition when necessary.
為解決工業化發展過程中因人類活動導致洩漏於土壤中的總石油碳氫化合物(total petroleum hydrocarbon,TPH)污染，開發具經濟效益有效且環境友善的整治工法有其必要性。 In order to solve the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) pollution caused by human activities during the industrial development process, it is necessary to develop economically effective and environmentally friendly remediation methods.
又，已知道於土壤及/或地下水中所存在的一部分微生物，具有分解或降解前述之汽油、柴油等石油系污染成分的能力。因此，近年來有一部分專家學者建議利用該等微生物可將石油系污染物分解成無害的化合物的特性，來解決由於原油、汽油、柴油、重油等所引起的土壤及/或地下水中石油系化學品污染之問題。 In addition, it is known that some microorganisms in the soil and/or groundwater have the ability to decompose or degrade the aforementioned petroleum-based pollutants such as gasoline and diesel. Therefore, in recent years, some experts and scholars have suggested using the ability of these microorganisms to decompose petroleum-based pollutants into harmless compounds to solve the problem of petroleum-based chemical pollution in soil and/or groundwater caused by crude oil, gasoline, diesel, heavy oil, etc.
然而，現有使用微生物的方式來解決石油污染土壤的效率仍有待加強。故，有必要提供一種表面活性劑、營養基質必要時另添加嗜油菌液之組成物，以解決習用技術所存在的問題。 However, the efficiency of the existing method of using microorganisms to solve the problem of oil-contaminated soil still needs to be improved. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a composition of a surfactant, a nutrient matrix, and an oil-loving bacterial liquid when necessary to solve the problems existing in the conventional technology.
本發明之一目的在於提供一種表面活性劑及營養基質組成物，其通過使用特定的組成物，以加速土壤中微生物分解總石油碳氫化合物(total petroleum hydrocarbon,TPH)的效率。另外，在需要時可另外添加嗜油菌株(或嗜油菌液)至營養基質組成物，例如對於「總石油碳氫化合物」(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons,TPH)污染場地，於污染濃度高且工期短的情況下，只利用現地微生物不足以達到整治目標時，可另外添加嗜油菌株(或嗜油菌液)，進而提高整治 效率(可降低工期)。 One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a surfactant and a nutrient matrix composition, which accelerates the efficiency of microbial decomposition of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in soil by using a specific composition. In addition, when necessary, an oleophilic strain (or oleophilic bacterial solution) can be added to the nutrient matrix composition. For example, for a "Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons" (TPH) contaminated site, when the pollution concentration is high and the construction period is short, and only using local microorganisms is not enough to achieve the remediation goal, an oleophilic strain (or oleophilic bacterial solution) can be added to improve the remediation efficiency (can reduce the construction period).
為達上述的目的，本發明提供一種表面活性劑，適用於土壤整治，該表面活性劑包含：大於零且小於等於10重量份的脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物(Fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate；FMEE)；大於零且小於等於20重量份的聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇烷基酯(俗稱吐溫(tween))；大於零且小於等於20重量份的聚氧乙烯烷基醚；以及大於零且小於等於10重量份的烷基糖苷(Alkyl Polyglycoside；簡稱APG)。 To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a surfactant suitable for soil remediation, which comprises: greater than zero and less than or equal to 10 parts by weight of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate (FMEE); greater than zero and less than or equal to 20 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester (commonly known as tween); greater than zero and less than or equal to 20 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether; and greater than zero and less than or equal to 10 parts by weight of alkyl polyglycoside (APG).
在本發明一實施例中，該脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物具有下列通式：RCO-(OCH2CH2)n-OCH3，其中R是烷基，n是大於0的正整數。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate has the following general formula: RCO-(OCH 2 CH 2 ) n -OCH 3 , wherein R is an alkyl group and n is a positive integer greater than 0.
在本發明一實施例中，該聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇烷基酯包含tween-80及tween-20中的至少一種。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester comprises at least one of tween-80 and tween-20.
在本發明一實施例中，該聚氧乙烯烷基醚具有下列通式：RO-(CH2CH2O)m-H，其中R是烷基，m是大於0的正整數。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether has the following general formula: RO-(CH 2 CH 2 O) m -H, wherein R is an alkyl group, and m is a positive integer greater than 0.
為達上述的目的，本發明提供一種營養基質組成物，包含：如上述任一實施例所述的表面活性劑；糖蜜發酵液；卵磷脂；氮營養鹽；微量元素；以及水，其中，以該營養基質組成物的總重為100wt%計，該表面活性劑係介於1至5wt%之間，該氮營養鹽係介於10wt%至20wt%之間，該糖蜜發酵液係介於1至10wt%，該卵磷脂係介於1至10wt%之間，該微量元素係介於1wt%至5wt%之間，以及剩餘的是水。 To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a nutritional matrix composition, comprising: a surfactant as described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments; molasses fermentation liquid; lecithin; nitrogen nutrient salt; trace elements; and water, wherein, based on the total weight of the nutritional matrix composition as 100wt%, the surfactant is between 1 and 5wt%, the nitrogen nutrient salt is between 10wt% and 20wt%, the molasses fermentation liquid is between 1 and 10wt%, the lecithin is between 1 and 10wt%, the trace elements are between 1wt% and 5wt%, and the rest is water.
在本發明一實施例中，該微量元素係微生素B群。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the trace element is vitamin B group.
在本發明一實施例中，該營養基質組成物更包含嗜油菌株，其中以該營養基質組成物的總重為100wt%計，該嗜油菌株係介於0.1至1wt%之間。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the nutrient matrix composition further comprises an oleophilic strain, wherein the oleophilic strain accounts for 0.1 to 1 wt% based on the total weight of the nutrient matrix composition as 100 wt%.
在本發明一實施例中，該氮營養鹽包含NH4Cl、NH4NO3及(NH4)2HPO3中的至少一種。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen nutrient salt comprises at least one of NH 4 Cl, NH 4 NO 3 and (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 3 .
第1圖是實施例1、實施例2及比較例1的分析結果圖。 Figure 1 is a diagram showing the analysis results of Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1.
為了讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵、優點能更明顯易懂，下文將特舉本發明較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。再者，本發明所提到的方向用語，例如上、下、頂、底、前、後、左、右、內、外、側面、周圍、中央、水平、橫向、垂直、縱向、軸向、徑向、最上層或最下層等，僅是參考附加圖式的方向。因此，使用的方向用語是用以說明及理解本發明，而非用以限制本發明。 In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable, the following will specifically cite the preferred embodiments of the present invention and provide a detailed description in conjunction with the attached drawings. Furthermore, the directional terms mentioned in the present invention, such as top, bottom, top, bottom, front, back, left, right, inside, outside, side, periphery, center, horizontal, transverse, vertical, longitudinal, axial, radial, topmost or bottommost, etc., are only referenced to the directions of the attached drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are used to explain and understand the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
本發明一實施例之表面活性劑，適用於土壤整治，該表面活性劑包含：大於零且小於等於10重量份的脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物(例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9重量份)；大於零且小於等於20重量份的聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇烷基酯(例如2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16或18重量份)；大於零且小於等於20重量份的聚氧乙烯烷基醚(例如2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16或18重量份)；以及大於零且小於等於10重量份的烷基糖苷(例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9重量份)。在一實施例中，本發明實施例之表面活性劑可基本上由上述四種化合物所組成。在另一實施例中，本發明實施例之表面活性劑由上述四種化合物所組成。 The surfactant of one embodiment of the present invention is suitable for soil remediation, and the surfactant comprises: greater than zero and less than or equal to 10 parts by weight of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 parts by weight); greater than zero and less than or equal to 20 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester (e.g., 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 or 18 parts by weight); greater than zero and less than or equal to 20 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (e.g., 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 or 18 parts by weight); and greater than zero and less than or equal to 10 parts by weight of alkyl glycoside (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 parts by weight). In one embodiment, the surfactant of the embodiment of the present invention can be basically composed of the above four compounds. In another embodiment, the surfactant of the present invention is composed of the above four compounds.
在一實施例中，該脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物((Fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate；FMEE)具有下列通式：RCO-(OCH2CH2)n-OCH3，其中R是烷基，n是大於0的正整數。在一範例中，R可以是甲烷基、乙烷基、丙烷基、丁烷基或C數大於4個以上的烷基。在另一範例中，n可以是1、2、3或大於3以上的正整數。 In one embodiment, the fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate (FMEE) has the following general formula: RCO-(OCH 2 CH 2 ) n -OCH 3 , wherein R is an alkyl group, and n is a positive integer greater than 0. In one example, R can be a methane group, an ethyl group, a propane group, a butane group, or an alkyl group with a carbon number greater than 4. In another example, n can be 1, 2, 3, or a positive integer greater than 3.
在一實施例中，該聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇烷基酯(俗稱吐溫(tween))包含tween-80(又稱聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐單油酸酯)及tween-20(又稱聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐單月桂酸酯)中的至少一種。 In one embodiment, the polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester (commonly known as tween) includes at least one of tween-80 (also known as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) and tween-20 (also known as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate).
在一實施例中，該聚氧乙烯烷基醚具有下列通式：RO-(CH2CH2O)m-H，其中R是烷基，m是大於0的正整數。在一範例中，R可以是 甲烷基、乙烷基、丙烷基、丁烷基或C數大於4個以上的烷基。在另一範例中，m可以是1、2、3或大於3以上的正整數。 In one embodiment, the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether has the following general formula: RO-(CH 2 CH 2 O) m -H, wherein R is an alkyl group, and m is a positive integer greater than 0. In one example, R can be a methane group, an ethyl group, a propane group, a butane group, or an alkyl group with a carbon number greater than 4. In another example, m can be 1, 2, 3, or a positive integer greater than 3.
在一實施例中，該表面活性劑係一生物可分解界面活性劑，其有助於降低對於環境的污染。 In one embodiment, the surfactant is a biodegradable surfactant, which helps reduce pollution to the environment.
要提到的是，本發明實施例的表面活性劑應用於土壤整治時，可以加速土壤中微生物分解總石油碳氫化合物(total petroleum hydrocarbon,TPH)的效率。進一步說明的是，上述的效果主要是利用本發明實施例的表面活性劑中的特定比例與特定種類的組成物來達成。相關的實驗分析將在後面段落描述。 It should be mentioned that when the surfactant of the embodiment of the present invention is used for soil remediation, it can accelerate the efficiency of microbial decomposition of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in the soil. It should be further explained that the above effect is mainly achieved by using the specific proportion and specific type of composition in the surfactant of the embodiment of the present invention. The relevant experimental analysis will be described in the following paragraphs.
本發明另一實施例提出一種營養基質組成物(在一些情況下，本發明的營養基質組成物亦可稱為碳基生物復育劑)，包含：如本發明上述任一實施例的表面活性劑；糖蜜發酵液；卵磷脂；氮營養鹽；微量元素；以及水，其中，以該營養基質組成物的總重為100wt%計，該表面活性劑係介於1至5wt%之間(例如1.5、2、2.5、3、3.5、4或4.5wt%)，該氮營養鹽係介於10wt%至20wt%之間(例如11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18或19wt%)，該糖蜜發酵液係介於1至10wt%(例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9wt%)，該卵磷脂係介於1至10wt%之間(例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9wt%)，該微量元素係介於1wt%至5wt%之間(例如1.5、2、2.5、3、3.5、4或4.5wt%)，以及剩餘的是水。在一實施例中，本發明實施例之營養基質組成物可基本上由上述的表面活性劑、糖蜜發酵液、卵磷脂、氮營養鹽、微量元素以及水所組成。在另一實施例中，本發明實施例之表面活性劑由上述的表面活性劑、糖蜜發酵液、卵磷脂、氮營養鹽、微量元素以及水所組成。 Another embodiment of the present invention provides a nutrient matrix composition (in some cases, the nutrient matrix composition of the present invention may also be referred to as a carbon-based bioremediation agent), comprising: a surfactant as described in any of the above embodiments of the present invention; molasses fermentation broth; lecithin; nitrogen nutrient salts; trace elements; and water, wherein, based on the total weight of the nutrient matrix composition as 100wt%, the surfactant is between 1 and 5wt% (e.g., 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 or 4.5wt%), the nitrogen nutrient salt is between 10wt% and 20wt%. to 20wt% (e.g., 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, or 19wt%), the molasses fermentation liquid is between 1 and 10wt% (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9wt%), the lecithin is between 1 and 10wt% (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9wt%), the trace element is between 1wt% and 5wt% (e.g., 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, or 4.5wt%), and the remainder is water. In one embodiment, the nutritional matrix composition of the embodiment of the present invention can be substantially composed of the above-mentioned surfactant, molasses fermentation liquid, lecithin, nitrogen nutrient salts, trace elements and water. In another embodiment, the surfactant of the present invention is composed of the above-mentioned surfactant, molasses fermentation liquid, lecithin, nitrogen nutrient salts, trace elements and water.
在一實施例中，該糖蜜發酵液主要是提供碳源，主要作為微生物的營養來源。糖蜜發酵液例如可以利用下述方式形成：以糖蜜為主要原料，再由蜜糖、氮、磷、鈣、鈉、微量元素、維生素等營養元素組成的培養基中加入發酵菌種，在發酵罐中的無菌條件下進行封閉發酵。之後，提取發酵後的培養基經過低溫脫水、蒸發濃縮後形成糖蜜發酵液。 In one embodiment, the molasses fermentation liquid mainly provides a carbon source, mainly as a nutrient source for microorganisms. The molasses fermentation liquid can be formed, for example, in the following manner: using molasses as the main raw material, adding fermentation bacteria to a culture medium composed of nutrients such as honey, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, trace elements, vitamins, etc., and performing closed fermentation under aseptic conditions in a fermentation tank. Afterwards, the culture medium after extraction and fermentation is dehydrated at low temperature, evaporated and concentrated to form molasses fermentation liquid.
在另一實施例中，該氮營養鹽可作為氮源，主要作為微生物的營養來源。在一些範例中，該氮營養鹽例如包含NH4Cl、NH4NO3及(NH4)2HPO3中 的至少一種。 In another embodiment, the nitrogen nutrient salt can be used as a nitrogen source, mainly as a nutrient source for microorganisms. In some examples, the nitrogen nutrient salt includes at least one of NH 4 Cl, NH 4 NO 3 and (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 3 .
要提到的是，本發明實施例的營養基質組成物應用於土壤整治時，表面活性劑可以加速土壤中微生物分解總石油碳氫化合物(total petroleum hydrocarbon,TPH)的效率。另一方面，糖蜜發酵液、卵磷脂、氮營養鹽、微量元素可作為微生物的營養來源，其可進一步加速土壤中微生物分解總石油碳氫化合物(total petroleum hydrocarbon,TPH)的效率。 It should be mentioned that when the nutrient matrix composition of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to soil remediation, the surfactant can accelerate the efficiency of microorganisms in soil to decompose total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). On the other hand, molasses fermentation liquid, lecithin, nitrogen nutrient salts, and trace elements can be used as nutrient sources for microorganisms, which can further accelerate the efficiency of microorganisms in soil to decompose total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH).
在一實施例中，該微量元素係微生素B群，可用於提供營養成分予微生物。 In one embodiment, the trace element is a B group of vitamins, which can be used to provide nutrients to microorganisms.
在另一實施例中，營養基質組成物更包含嗜油菌株(亦可稱嗜油菌液)，其中以該營養基質組成物的總重為100wt%計，該嗜油菌株係介於0.1至1wt%之間。具體而言，在「總石油碳氫化合物」(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons,TPH)污染場地，於污染濃度高且工期短的情況下，並且只利用現地微生物不足以達到整治目標時，可另外添加嗜油菌株(例如介於0.1至1wt%之間)，以加速整治速度。值得一提的是，在一些情況下，本發明的營養基質組成物在添加了嗜油菌株後，亦可稱為碳基生物復育強化劑。 In another embodiment, the nutrient matrix composition further comprises an oleophilic strain (also referred to as an oleophilic bacterial liquid), wherein the oleophilic strain is between 0.1 and 1 wt% based on the total weight of the nutrient matrix composition as 100 wt%. Specifically, in a "Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons" (TPH) contaminated site, when the pollution concentration is high and the construction period is short, and when only using local microorganisms is insufficient to achieve the remediation goal, an additional oleophilic strain (e.g., between 0.1 and 1 wt%) can be added to accelerate the remediation speed. It is worth mentioning that in some cases, the nutrient matrix composition of the present invention can also be referred to as a carbon-based bioremediation enhancer after the oleophilic strain is added.
以下舉出實施例與比較例，以說明本發明實施例之表面活性劑及營養基質組成物確實能加速土壤中微生物分解總石油碳氫化合物(total petroleum hydrocarbon,TPH)的效率。 The following examples and comparative examples are given to illustrate that the surfactant and nutrient matrix composition of the embodiments of the present invention can indeed accelerate the efficiency of microbial decomposition of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in the soil.
實施例1(碳基生物復育劑) Example 1 (Carbon-based bioremediation agent)
首先，提供表面活性劑，包含大於零且小於等於10重量份的脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物(例如可以是1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10重量份，本實施例例如採用5重量份，但其他重量份也可採用，並且可達成類似5重量份的效果)；大於零且小於等於20重量份的聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇烷基酯(例如2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16、18或20重量份，本實施例例如採用10重量份，但其他重量份也可採用，並且可達成類似10重量份的效果)；大於零且小於等於20重量份的聚氧乙烯烷基醚(例如2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16、18或20重量份，本實施例例如採用10重量份，但其他重量份也可採用，並且可達成類似10重量份的效果)；以及大於零且小於等於10重量份的烷基糖苷(例如可以是1、2、3、4、 5、6、7、8、9或10重量份，本實施例例如採用5重量份，但其他重量份也可採用，並且可達成類似5重量份的效果)。之後，將表面活性劑、糖蜜發酵液、卵磷脂、氮營養鹽、微量元素以及水進行混合以獲得營養基質組成物，其中以該營養基質組成物的總重為100wt%計，該表面活性劑係介於1至5wt%之間(例如1.5、2、2.5、3、3.5、4或4.5wt%，本實施例例如採用2.5wt%，但其他wt%也可採用，並且可達成類似2.5wt%的效果)，該氮營養鹽係介於10wt%至20wt%之間(例如11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18或19wt%，本實施例例如採用15wt%，但其他wt%也可採用，並且可達成類似15wt%的效果)，該糖蜜發酵液係介於1至10wt%(例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9wt%，本實施例例如採用5wt%，但其他wt%也可採用，並且可達成類似5wt%的效果)，該卵磷脂係介於1至10wt%之間(例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9wt%，本實施例例如採用5wt%，但其他wt%也可採用，並且可達成類似5wt%的效果)，該微量元素係介於1wt%至5wt%之間(例如1.5、2、2.5、3、3.5、4或4.5wt%，本實施例例如採用2.5wt%，但其他wt%也可採用，並且可達成類似2.5wt%的效果)，以及剩餘的是水。 First, a surfactant is provided, comprising greater than zero and less than or equal to 10 parts by weight of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate (for example, it can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 parts by weight, and in this embodiment, for example, 5 parts by weight is used, but other parts by weight can also be used, and the effect similar to 5 parts by weight can be achieved); greater than zero and less than or equal to 20 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester (for example, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 or 20 parts by weight, and in this embodiment, for example, 10 parts by weight is used, but other parts by weight can also be used, and the effect similar to 5 parts by weight can be achieved); The present embodiment adopts 10 parts by weight as an example, and the effect is similar to 10 parts by weight); greater than zero and less than or equal to 20 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (for example, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 or 20 parts by weight, and this embodiment adopts 10 parts by weight as an example, but other parts by weight can also be adopted, and the effect is similar to 10 parts by weight); and greater than zero and less than or equal to 10 parts by weight of alkyl glycoside (for example, it can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 parts by weight, and this embodiment adopts 5 parts by weight as an example, but other parts by weight can also be adopted, and the effect is similar to 5 parts by weight). Thereafter, a surfactant, molasses fermentation liquid, lecithin, nitrogen nutrient salt, trace elements and water are mixed to obtain a nutrient matrix composition, wherein based on the total weight of the nutrient matrix composition as 100wt%, the surfactant is between 1 and 5wt% (e.g., 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 or 4.5wt%, and this embodiment uses 2.5wt% for example, but other wt% can also be used and can achieve an effect similar to 2.5wt%), the nitrogen nutrient salt is between 10wt% and 20wt% (e.g., 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19wt%, and this embodiment uses 15wt% for example, but other wt% can also be used and can achieve an effect similar to 15wt%), the molasses fermentation liquid, lecithin, nitrogen nutrient salt, trace elements and water are mixed to obtain a nutrient matrix composition, wherein based on the total weight of the nutrient matrix composition as 100wt%, the surfactant is between 1 and 5wt% (e.g., 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 or 4.5wt%, and this embodiment uses 2.5wt% for example, but other wt% can also be used and can achieve an effect similar to 15wt%), the molasses fermentation liquid, lecithin, nitrogen nutrient salt, trace elements and water are mixed to obtain a nutrient matrix composition, The honey fermentation liquid is between 1 and 10wt% (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9wt%, this embodiment uses 5wt% for example, but other wt% can also be used, and can achieve an effect similar to 5wt%), the lecithin is between 1 and 10wt% (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9wt%, this embodiment uses 5wt% for example, but other wt% can also be used, and can achieve an effect similar to 5wt%), the trace element is between 1wt% and 5wt% (e.g., 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 or 4.5wt%, this embodiment uses 2.5wt% for example, but other wt% can also be used, and can achieve an effect similar to 2.5wt%), and the rest is water.
將上述的營養基質組成物混入一受油品污染的原土中(原土的TPH濃度約為5139mg/kg)，之後在7天、14天及28天分別測量原土的TPH濃度的移除率。上述TPH濃度的移除率的分析方法可以參考中華民國環境檢驗所公布之分析方法(土壤中總石油碳氫化合物檢測方法一氣相層析儀/火焰離子化偵測器法；NIEA S703.62B)。實施例1的分析結果請參考第1圖。 The above-mentioned nutrient matrix composition was mixed into an original soil contaminated by oil (the TPH concentration of the original soil was about 5139 mg/kg), and then the removal rate of the TPH concentration of the original soil was measured at 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. The analysis method of the removal rate of the above-mentioned TPH concentration can refer to the analysis method published by the Environmental Inspection Institute of the Republic of China (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil Detection Method-Gas Chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector Method; NIEA S703.62B). Please refer to Figure 1 for the analysis results of Example 1.
實施例2(碳基生物復育強化劑) Example 2 (Carbon-based bioremediation enhancer)
實施例2的營養基質組成物的製作方式大致相同於實施例1，惟其不同之處在於營養基質組成物還包含嗜油菌株，其中以該營養基質組成物的總重為100wt%計，該嗜油菌株係介於0.1至1wt%之間(例如0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8或0.9wt%，本實施例例如採用0.5wt%，但其他wt%也可採用，並且可達成類似0.5wt%的效果)。 The preparation method of the nutrient matrix composition of Example 2 is roughly the same as that of Example 1, except that the nutrient matrix composition further comprises an oleophilic strain, wherein the oleophilic strain is between 0.1 and 1 wt% (e.g., 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 or 0.9 wt%, and this example uses 0.5 wt%, but other wt% can also be used and can achieve similar effects to 0.5 wt%), based on the total weight of the nutrient matrix composition as 100 wt%.
將上述的營養基質組成物混入一受油品污染的原土中(原土的TPH濃度約為5139mg/kg)，之後在7天、14天及28天分別測量原土的TPH濃 度的移除率。上述TPH濃度的移除率的分析方法可以參考中華民國環境檢驗所公布之分析方法(土壤中總石油碳氫化合物檢測方法一氣相層析儀/火焰離子化偵測器法；NIEA S703.62B)。實施例2的分析結果請參考第1圖。 The above-mentioned nutrient matrix composition was mixed into an original soil contaminated by oil (the TPH concentration of the original soil was about 5139 mg/kg), and then the removal rate of the TPH concentration of the original soil was measured at 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. The analysis method of the removal rate of the above-mentioned TPH concentration can refer to the analysis method published by the Environmental Inspection Institute of the Republic of China (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil Detection Method-Gas Chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector Method; NIEA S703.62B). Please refer to Figure 1 for the analysis results of Example 2.
比較例1 Comparison Example 1
提供一營養劑。該營養劑以100重量份計，該營養劑包含約95重量份的水及約5重量份的市售的營養基質。該營養基質的總重以100wt%計，則該營養基質包含47.7wt%的NH4Cl、34.6wt%的Na2HPO4、14.3wt%的KH2PO4 600g以及3.4wt%的NaCl。 A nutrient is provided. The nutrient comprises about 95 parts by weight of water and about 5 parts by weight of a commercially available nutrient matrix based on 100 parts by weight. The total weight of the nutrient matrix is 100 wt%, and the nutrient matrix comprises 47.7 wt% of NH 4 Cl, 34.6 wt% of Na 2 HPO 4 , 14.3 wt% of KH 2 PO 4 600 g, and 3.4 wt% of NaCl.
將上述的營養劑混入一受油品污染的原土中(原土的TPH濃度約為5139mg/kg)，之後在7天、14天及28天分別測量原土的TPH濃度的移除率。上述TPH濃度的移除率的分析方法可以參考中華民國環境檢驗所公布之分析方法(土壤中總石油碳氫化合物檢測方法：氣相層析儀/火焰離子化偵測器法；NIEA S703.62B)。比較例1的分析結果請參考第1圖。 The above nutrients were mixed into an oil-contaminated original soil (the TPH concentration of the original soil was about 5139 mg/kg), and then the removal rate of the TPH concentration of the original soil was measured at 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. The analysis method of the above TPH concentration removal rate can refer to the analysis method published by the Environmental Inspection Institute of the Republic of China (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil Detection Method: Gas Chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector Method; NIEA S703.62B). Please refer to Figure 1 for the analysis results of Comparative Example 1.
從第1圖可知，本發明透過加入特定種類及特定比例的化合物，其可以具有優於僅添加一般市售的營養基質的TPH移除效率。特別是，在前期(例如7天與14天)的處理效果具有明顯提升(例如分別提升3.5%及3.81%)。另外，實施例1及比較例1中對於28天的處理效果大致上相同，據推測是作為碳源/氮源的營養基質已經被微生物消耗殆盡，因此在28天左右達到類似移除效率(例如約50至53%)。因此，若是在約14天左右分別補充適量的營養基質組成物與營養基質到實施例1與比較例1，實施例1仍可具有優於比較例1的TPH移除效率。 As can be seen from Figure 1, the present invention can have a TPH removal efficiency that is better than simply adding a general commercially available nutrient matrix by adding a specific type and a specific ratio of compounds. In particular, the treatment effect in the early stage (e.g., 7 days and 14 days) has a significant improvement (e.g., 3.5% and 3.81% respectively). In addition, the treatment effect for 28 days in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is roughly the same. It is speculated that the nutrient matrix as a carbon source/nitrogen source has been consumed by microorganisms, so a similar removal efficiency (e.g., about 50 to 53%) is achieved around 28 days. Therefore, if an appropriate amount of nutrient matrix composition and nutrient matrix are added to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 respectively around 14 days, Example 1 can still have a TPH removal efficiency that is better than Comparative Example 1.
此外，將實施例2與比較例1相比可知，加入特定種類及特定比例的化合物，並且更額外添加特定比例的嗜油菌株，其可以具有優於僅添加一般市售的營養基質的TPH移除效率。特別是，在前期(例如7天與14天)的處理效果具有明顯提升(例如分別提升16.36%及9.02%)。另外，實施例2及比較例1中對於28天的處理效果大致上相同，據推測是作為碳源/氮源的營養基質已經被微生物消耗殆盡，因此在28天左右達到類似移除效率(例如約50至53%)。因此，若是在約14天左右分別補充適量的營養基質組成物與營養基質到實施例2與比 較例1，實施例2仍可具有優於比較例1的TPH移除效率。 In addition, by comparing Example 2 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the addition of specific types and specific proportions of compounds, and the additional addition of specific proportions of oleophilic strains, can have a TPH removal efficiency that is better than that of simply adding a general commercially available nutrient matrix. In particular, the treatment effect in the early stage (e.g., 7 days and 14 days) has a significant improvement (e.g., 16.36% and 9.02% respectively). In addition, the treatment effects for 28 days in Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 are roughly the same. It is speculated that the nutrient matrix as a carbon source/nitrogen source has been consumed by microorganisms, so similar removal efficiencies (e.g., about 50 to 53%) are achieved around 28 days. Therefore, if appropriate amounts of nutrient matrix composition and nutrient matrix are added to Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 respectively in about 14 days, Example 2 can still have a TPH removal efficiency better than Comparative Example 1.
值得一提的是，實施例2的移除效率也優於實施例1的移除效果。由此可見，若是添加特定比例的嗜油菌株，也有助於提升前期的TPH移除效率(例如7天或14天的處理效果)。 It is worth mentioning that the removal efficiency of Example 2 is also better than that of Example 1. It can be seen that if a specific proportion of oil-loving strains is added, it can also help improve the early TPH removal efficiency (such as 7-day or 14-day treatment effect).
由此可見，本發明是利用特定種類以及特定比例的表面活性劑，進而達到優良的TPH移除效率。另外，本發明還提出一種營養基質組成物，其具有特定比例的本發明表面活性劑、營養成分及水，可用於土壤整治。換言之，通過特定種類的表面活性劑與特定種類的營養成分(糖蜜發酵液；卵磷脂；氮營養鹽以及微量元素)的搭配以使微生物能夠具有優良的TPH移除效率。 It can be seen that the present invention uses a specific type and a specific ratio of surfactants to achieve excellent TPH removal efficiency. In addition, the present invention also proposes a nutrient matrix composition, which has a specific ratio of the present surfactant, nutrients and water, which can be used for soil remediation. In other words, by combining a specific type of surfactant with a specific type of nutrients (molasses fermentation liquid; lecithin; nitrogen nutrients and trace elements), microorganisms can have excellent TPH removal efficiency.
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露，然其並非用以限制本發明，任何熟習此項技藝之人士，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種更動與修飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of the patent application attached hereto.
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