TWI777273B - the vehicle's gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

A gearbox of a vehicle includes a casing unit and a rotating unit arranged in the casing unit. The housing unit includes a casing defining a working space suitable for containing lubricating oil, and a casing cover connected to the casing and surrounding and defining a drainage space communicating with the working space. The drainage space has an oil introduction channel extending away from the action space, and an oil collecting groove connected to the oil introduction channel and located on a side away from the casing. The rotating unit includes a rotating shaft and a set of clutches arranged on the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft has an inner peripheral wall extending in the axial direction from an end facing the oil collecting groove and defining an axial flow passage, and at least one radially extending from the inner peripheral wall and defining an axial passage communicating with the axial flow passage. And it is radially penetrating and facing the hole wall of the oil outlet hole of the clutch.

Description

the vehicle's gearbox

The present invention relates to a component of a vehicle, in particular to a gearbox of a vehicle.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a conventional power transmission case 1 includes a casing 10 defining an inner space 100 , a motor 11 disposed in the inner space 100 , a motor 11 disposed in the inner space 100 and connected to the motor 11 The power shaft 12 , and a rear axle 13 disposed in the inner space 100 and connected to the power shaft 12 . Since the kinetic energy transmission between the motor 11 , the power shaft 12 , and the rear wheel shaft 13 is through the gears meshing with each other, in order to ensure the smooth operation of the power shaft 12 and the rear wheel shaft 13 , and prevent the occurrence of generation between the gears To avoid unnecessary friction, the existing gearbox 1 directly injects lubricating oil into the inner space 100, and the liquid level of the lubricating oil is at least higher than one of the gears. In this way, while the gear rotates, the lubricating oil in the inner space 100 can be driven to splash upward, so that the splashed lubricating oil can adhere to the power shaft 12 , the rear wheel shaft 13 , and even other gears and mechanical parts superior.

However, without the use of an oil pump that can provide additional power, by Although the method of splashing the lubricating oil driven by the rotating gear is sufficient for vehicles with small volume and few parts such as no speed change and single set of gear transmission, if it is used for vehicles equipped with multiple sets of speed change gears, the parts that need to be lubricated need to be lubricated. The volume is relatively large and the number of parts is also large. The method of simply using the gear rotation to splash the lubricating oil has obvious shortcomings. In addition, if it is necessary to provide lubrication to the clutch disposed on the far side of the axial direction, even if the range can reach the far side of the axial direction simply by splashing, at best it is only attached to the outer surface of the clutch, and there is no other power. Under the circumstance, it is difficult to enter the inside of the clutch to achieve a certain lubrication effect.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a transmission for a vehicle that can provide sufficient lubrication for the clutch without additionally providing an oil pump.

Therefore, the gearbox of the vehicle of the present invention includes a housing unit and a rotating unit. The housing unit includes a casing surrounding and defining a working space suitable for containing lubricating oil, and a casing cover connected to the casing and defining a drainage space connected to the working space. The drainage space has an oil introduction channel extending away from the action space, and an oil collecting groove connected to the oil introduction channel and located on a side away from the casing. The rotating unit is disposed in the action space, and includes a rotating shaft and a set of the rotating shaft the clutch. The rotating shaft has an inner peripheral wall extending in the axial direction from an end facing the oil collecting groove and defining an axial flow passage, and at least one radially extending from the inner peripheral wall and defining an axial passage communicating with the axial flow passage. And it is radially penetrating and facing the hole wall of the oil outlet hole of the clutch.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the casing cover of the casing unit has at least one baffle plate extending in a direction away from the rotating shaft and facing a direction opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating shaft and adjacent to the oil channel.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the drainage space further has an indented space area between the baffle and the oil channel.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating unit further includes a bearing set on the rotating shaft and located on a side of the clutch facing the oil sump, the bearing has at least one lubricating oil for preventing the leakage of lubricating oil from the bearing. Leak-proof board.

In some embodiments of the present invention, it is suitable for connecting with a driving motor for providing power, wherein the rotating shaft of the rotating unit is suitable for connecting with the driving motor.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating unit further includes a push rod inserted into the axial flow channel from an end facing the oil sump and used for pushing the clutch, the push rod has a push rod passing through the axial flow channel a rod part in the channel, and a base part connected to an end of the rod part away from the clutch and located outside the axial flow channel, the rod part has at least one arcuate area attached to the inner peripheral wall, and At least one tangential area connected to the at least one arcuate area and radially spaced from a portion of the inner peripheral wall.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the at least one oil outlet hole of the rotating shaft is a slotted hole extending for a certain distance in the axial direction.

In some embodiments of the invention, the oil sump of the housing unit is located on a side remote from the drive motor.

In some embodiments of the present invention, it is suitable for connecting a drive motor for providing power and an output member located on the opposite side of the drive motor and used for transmitting power to the outside, wherein the rotating shaft of the rotating unit is A part extends out of the action space and is suitable for connecting the output piece.

In some embodiments of the invention, the sump of the housing unit is located on a side remote from the output.

The gearbox of the vehicle of the present invention can guide the lubricating oil in the action space to the oil collecting groove through the oil guiding passage of the guiding space without additionally providing an oil pump to provide power. After accumulating a certain amount of lubricating oil, it will be directly input from the axial flow channel of the rotating shaft. The lubricating oil in the axial flow channel can be output from the at least one oil outlet hole by utilizing the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating shaft, and directly produce a lubricating effect on the clutch.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the baffle plate adjacent to the oil introduction channel can block the lubricating oil splashed by the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the lubricating oil can be more easily introduced into the oil sump through the oil introduction channel .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the baffle is matched with the concave space area recessed toward the outside, so that the baffle can better collect lubricating oil on the splashing path, thereby guiding more lubricating oil to the the sump.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the leak-proof plate of the set bearing can prevent the oil from leaking from the bearing, prevent the lubricating oil from shunting in the oil collecting tank, and ensure that the oil collecting tank is input into the axial flow channel oil pressure.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating shaft is a main shaft connected to the driving motor, and is provided with the push rod for pushing the clutch. In addition to reserving the stroke required for the push rod to push the clutch through the slot, through the design of the at least sectional area of the rod portion, when the push rod is inserted into the axial flow channel to push the clutch It can still be spaced from the inner peripheral wall to generate a gap, so that lubricating oil can be injected into the axial flow passage from the side away from the driving motor, so as to ensure the lubricating effect of the main shaft and the clutch.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating shaft is a secondary shaft connected to the output member, and when the rotating shaft is a secondary shaft, the oil sump is on the side away from the output member, that is, adjacent to one of the driving motors Compared with the case where the rotating shaft is the main shaft, the oil collecting grooves are located on different sides to prevent mutual interference.

2: Shell unit

2a, 2b: Housing unit

21a: Shell

21b: Shell

210a: Action Space

210b: Action Space

22a: Shell cover

22a’: shell piece

22b: Shell cover

220: Drainage space

228: Oil channel

229: Oil sump

229a, 229b: Oil sump

223: Baffle

3a, 3b: Rotating unit

31a, 31b: shaft

310: Axial runner

311: Inner Peripheral Wall

312: Hole Wall

319: oil outlet

32a, 32b: clutch

33: Bearings

331: Leak-proof plate

34: Putter

341: Rod

342: Base

344: Recessed End

345: Raise the bar

346: Thrust

347: accommodating slot

348: Arc Area

349: Section Area

35: Selling

39: Rod

390: missing slot

91: drive motor

92: Output Pieces

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein: 1 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional power transmission case; FIG. 2 is an incomplete perspective view illustrating a housing unit of a first embodiment and a second embodiment of a transmission for a vehicle of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view, illustrating the housing unit and a rotating unit of the first embodiment in conjunction with FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged perspective exploded view illustrating the relative positions of a baffle plate and an oil channel of the housing unit Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram containing a section, illustrating that a push rod of this rotating unit is inserted in an axial flow channel of a rotating shaft; Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a section, illustrating the shape of this push rod and cooperating with Fig. 5 to illustrate Relevant functions; FIG. 7 is an incomplete sectional view, illustrating the situation in which the push rod pushes a clutch of the rotating unit; FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the first embodiment to make the lubricating oil act on the clutch; FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the housing unit and the rotating unit of the second embodiment in conjunction with FIG. 2; FIG. 10 is an incomplete side view illustrating the relative positions of the baffle and the oil channel of the housing unit; and FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating that the second embodiment makes the lubricating oil act on the The effect of the clutch.

Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , it is a first embodiment of the gearbox of the vehicle of the present invention, which is suitable for connecting a drive motor 91 for providing power. The first embodiment includes a housing unit 2 and a rotating unit 3 a disposed in the housing unit 2 . It should be noted that, in the first embodiment, the case where the rotating unit 3a is connected to the driving motor 91 is described, that is, the power shaft (spindle) used to transmit the rotational power of the driving motor 91 ), and the housing unit 2 in the first embodiment is marked by the housing unit 2a, specifically, the part of the integral casing that substantially surrounds the power shaft.

The housing unit 2a includes a casing 21a surrounding and defining a working space 210a suitable for containing lubricating oil, and a casing cover connected to the casing 21a and defining a drainage space 220 communicating with the working space 210a 22a. The drainage space 220 has an oil introduction passage 228 (shown in FIG. 5 ) extending away from the action space 210 a , an oil introduction passage 228 connected to the oil introduction passage 228 and located on a side away from the housing 21 a and the driving motor 91 . The oil collecting groove 229 and an inwardly retracted space area 290 (shown in FIG. 5 ) communicated with the oil introduction channel 228 . Wherein, the shell cover 22a has a convex toward the drainage space 220 The baffle plate 223 is disposed adjacent to the oil introduction channel 228 , and the retracted space area 290 is between the baffle plate 223 and the oil introduction channel 228 .

The rotating unit 3a is disposed in the action space 210a, and includes a rotating shaft 31a adapted to be connected to the driving motor 91, a clutch 32a set on the rotating shaft 31a, a set on the rotating shaft 31a and located in the clutch 32a The bearing 33 facing one side of the oil collecting groove 229 and a push rod 34 inserted into the rotating shaft 31a from the end facing the oil collecting groove 229 and used to push the clutch 32a. The rotating shaft 31a has an inner peripheral wall 311 extending in the axial direction from an end facing the oil collecting groove 229 and defining an axial flow channel 310, and an inner peripheral wall 311 extending radially from the inner peripheral wall 311 and defining a communication The axial flow channel 310 penetrates radially and faces the hole wall 312 of the oil outlet hole 319 of the clutch 32a. Wherein, the rotating shaft 31a and the clutch 32a are preferably prefabricated in a modular manner, in particular, the rotating shaft 31a can be integrally formed with a specific speed gear, thereby simplifying the overall installation. In addition, the bearing 33 has an anti-leakage plate 331 facing the oil collecting groove 229 for preventing lubricating oil from leaking from the bearing 33 .

4 and 5 in conjunction with FIG. 3 , the baffle plate 223 extends away from the rotating shaft 31a and faces the opposite direction to the rotating direction of the rotating shaft 31a, so when the rotating shaft 31a rotates, the action space 210a is placed in the action space 210a. When the lubricating oil is splashed in the direction of rotation, the baffle 223 can block a part of the lubricating oil in the middle, and the lubricating oil flowing downward along the baffle 223 will enter the oil channel 228 .

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 and in conjunction with FIG. 3 , the push rod 34 is used for driving a rotary rod 39 move, and then push the clutch 32a, the push rod 34 is inserted into the axial flow channel 310 of the rotating shaft 31a. Specifically, the clutch 32a is a push-rod pressure plate clutch that needs to overcome the elastic restoring force of the spring. Therefore, the rotating rod 39 needs to provide a longer force arm, thereby driving the push rod 34 toward the axial flow channel. The clutch 32a can be pushed to achieve the purpose of shifting.

Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7 , the push rod 34 has a rod portion 341 passing through the axial flow channel 310 , and an end connected to the rod portion 341 away from the clutch 32 a and located outside the axial flow channel 310 of the base 342. The diameter and width of the base portion 342 is larger than that of the rod portion 341 , and is suitable for transmitting the pushing force of the rotating rod 39 . The rotating rod 39 is formed with a groove 390 facing the push rod 34 . Specifically, the base portion 342 is a solid structural portion of the push rod 34 located outside the axial flow channel 310 , and has a concave end 344 forming an accommodating groove 347 facing the outside, and a concave end 344 disposed between the groove 390 and the accommodating groove 347 . A lift rod 345 between the concave ends 344, and a stopper disposed in the accommodating groove 347 and between the lift rod 345 and the concave end 344 and pushed against by the lift rod 345 for bearing the axial thrust The thrust member 346, specifically, the thrust member 346 is a thrust bearing. The rod portion 341 has two arc-shaped areas 348 attached to the inner peripheral wall 311 , and two are respectively connected to opposite sides of the arc areas 348 and spaced radially from a part of the inner peripheral wall 311 . The slice area 349. When the rod portion 341 is inserted into the axial flow channel 310, since it has a shape of more than half of the cross-sectional area, a certain structural strength can be ensured. The gap for the lubricating oil to pass through can be reserved to ensure that the lubricating oil can pass through. It can still flow between the oil collecting groove 229 (see FIG. 8 ) and the axial flow channel 310 . In particular, the rod portion 341 can be better guided relative sliding (including axial and radial directions) in the axial flow channel 310 through the sum of the surface areas of the cambered areas 348 greater than the tangential areas 349, avoiding the need for Interference problems between components and poor operation occur.

It should be noted that, in order to match the stroke required by the push rod 34 to push the clutch 32a, the oil outlet hole 319 is a slotted hole extending for a certain distance in the axial direction, and is pushed by the rod portion 341 of the push rod 34 A push rod 35 is accommodated in the slot hole, and the extending distance of the slot hole is the stroke margin reserved for the actuation of the push rod 34 to ensure that the driven push rod 35 pushes the speed change of the clutch 32a Function.

Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8 in conjunction with FIG. 5 , the part covered by the cover 22a, specifically, is at least covered with the oil collecting groove 229 surrounded and defined by the shell 22a', which can be regarded as Connected to a part of the casing cover 22a, the casing 21a, the casing cover 22a, and the casing piece 22a' together constitute the casing unit 2a. In order to transmit the power generated by the rotation of the drive motor 91 to other parts through the shaft 31a, a transmission element such as a gear is bound to be sleeved on the shaft 31a, so that there is a certain level of lubrication in the action space 210a The oil will be driven by the transmission element to splash along the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 31a, thereby achieving a lubricating effect on the parts that can be lubricated by simply splashing.

It should be noted that, in order to utilize the splashed lubricating oil as effectively as possible, as shown in FIG. The bottom end of the indented space area 290 is higher than the bottom end of the oil introduction channel 228, and the size of the indented space area 290 in the width direction is larger than the size of the oil introduction channel 228 in the same direction. Due to the position difference between the baffle 223 and the retracted space area 290, the lubricating oil blocked by the baffle 223 can flow into the retracted space area 290 along the lower edge of the baffle 223 toward the outside in the lateral direction. And then flow down to the outside of the shrinking space area 290 due to gravity. In terms of the relative size of the baffle 223 and the retracted space area 290, the length of the baffle 223 extending downward in the vertical direction is smaller than the vertical dimension of the retracted space area 290, so it can be expanded accordingly The installation and operation space of the rotating unit 3a also avoids the problem of interference between the baffle 223 and the rotating unit 3a, thereby achieving a more compact arrangement.

The splashed lubricating oil driven by the transmission element, in addition to the surface of the machine that is simply splashed, uses the relative position difference between the baffle 223 and the retracted space area 290 to partially hit the baffle. The lubricating oil splashed and scattered by 223 can thus directly enter the retracted space area 290, and even the lubricating oil splashed relatively far away can hit the housing unit 2a, and thus enter the outer side of the baffle 223. In the inner shrinking space area 290, more lubricating oil can be collected more effectively. Subsequently, the lubricating oil in the retracted space area 290 will be further guided to the oil collecting groove 229 through the oil introduction channel 228 , and the guided lubricating oil will lubricate the components of the base 342 of the push rod 34 after , and will also flow into the axial flow channel 310 of the rotating shaft 31a after accumulating a certain liquid level. With the continuous rotation of the rotating shaft 31a, the baffle 223, the housing unit 2a, and the inner shrinkage The interval 290 also intercepts more lubricating oil, and guides it to the oil collecting groove 229 through the oil guiding channel 228 to continuously increase the lubricating oil injected into the axial flow channel 310; at the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating shaft 31a , the lubricating oil in the axial flow channel 310 will flow radially outwards, that is, the lubricating oil will be outputted toward the clutch 32a through the oil outlet hole 319, and the lubricating oil will be directly supplied from the interior of the clutch 32a.

Therefore, as long as the amount of lubricating oil provided in the action space 210a is sufficient, even if the injection source of lubricating oil is separated from the clutch 32a by a certain distance, the baffle plate 223 can be used to intercept the lubricating oil without providing additional power without an oil pump. A certain amount of lubricating oil is directly introduced into the axial flow channel 310 inside the rotating shaft 31a through the drainage space 220 to achieve the purpose of providing sufficient lubrication to the clutch 32a through the centrifugal force from the inside to the outside generated by the rotation. It should be emphasized that the lubrication mechanism achieved by the first embodiment not only adheres to the surface of the machine parts by splashing, but also provides lubricating oil for the rotating shaft 31a and the clutch 32a from the inside, so as to achieve an external The thorough lubrication from the inside and the inside out does have the substantial effect of optimizing the lubrication effect.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 9 , it is a second embodiment of the gearbox of the vehicle of the present invention, which is suitable for connecting a driving motor 91 for providing power, and a driving motor 91 on the opposite side for sending the power to the outside. Passed output 92. Specifically, the output member 92 is a chain. It should be noted that, in the second embodiment, the case where the rotating unit 3b is connected to the output member 92 is described, that is, the rotational power generated by the driving motor 91 is transmitted through internal transmission to change the transmission direction backward output In addition, in the substantially complete case of the gearbox of the vehicle of the present invention, in addition to the casing unit 2a surrounding the power shaft, it also includes an integral connection with the casing unit 2a and surrounding the output shaft The housing unit 2b of the shaft.

The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that a part of the rotating shaft 31 b of the rotating unit 3 b extends out of the action space 210 b and is suitable for connecting the output member 92 . In addition, the oil sump 229b of the housing unit 2b is located away from the output member 92 , that is, on a side close to the drive motor 91 . In essence, the gearbox of the vehicle of the present invention includes both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and the first embodiment and the second embodiment can operate independently without affecting each other. In addition, since the rotating shaft 31b is connected to the output member 92 for outputting kinetic energy, the clutch 32b is a one-way clutch.

Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, since the second embodiment also adopts the same mechanism as the first embodiment, lubricating oil is introduced into the oil collecting groove 229b, and after accumulating a certain amount of lubricating oil, it is injected from one end of the rotating shaft 31b The lubricating oil achieves the purpose of providing a lubricating effect to the clutch 32b from the inside to the outside. In addition, since the oil collecting groove 229b of the second embodiment and the oil collecting groove 229a of the first embodiment are located on opposite sides, respectively, the required lubricating oil is transmitted to the opposite sides respectively, thus guiding the lubricating oil respectively. The paths of the oil do not interfere with each other, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the first embodiment and the second embodiment without interfering with each other.

To sum up, the gearbox of the vehicle of the present invention can cooperate with the baffle 223 to resist The splashed lubricating oil is blocked and guided to the oil guiding passage 228 in a concentrated manner, and the lubricating oil in the action spaces 210a and 210b can be guided to the oil collecting grooves 229a and 229b without providing power with an oil pump. After a certain amount of lubricating oil is accumulated in the oil collecting grooves 229a, 229b, the lubricating oil will be axially input from the axial flow channel 310 of the rotating shafts 31a, 31b, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating shafts 31a, 31b will be used to move away from the rotating shafts 31a, 31b. The output of the oil outlet hole 319 at one end of the oil collecting grooves 229a, 229b directly produces a lubricating effect on the clutches 32a, 32b. Therefore, the object of the present invention can be achieved indeed.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the application for patent of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the invention patent.

2a･････････････････････････ Housing unit 21a･････ Housing 210a････････････････････････････････ Space 22a･･････ Housing cover 220································································· 223·········· Bezel 229················································································································ 3a･････Rotation unit 31a･･････Rotation shaft 310・・・・ Axial runner 311····················································································· 312••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 319············· Oil outlet 32a････ Clutch 33････ Bearings 331··················································································· 34････････ Putter 91････････ Drive motor

Claims (10)

A transmission for a vehicle, comprising: A casing unit includes a casing surrounding and defining a working space suitable for containing lubricating oil, and a casing cover connected to the casing and surrounding and defining a drainage space connected to the working space, the drainage space having an oil introduction channel extending away from the action space, and an oil sump communicated with the oil introduction channel and located on a side away from the housing; and A rotating unit is arranged in the action space, and includes a rotating shaft and a clutch set on the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft has a shaft extending in the axial direction from an end facing the oil sump and defining an axial flow channel. The inner peripheral wall and at least one radially extending from the inner peripheral wall and defining a hole wall which is communicated with the axial flow channel and penetrates radially toward the oil outlet hole of the clutch. The gearbox of the vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the housing cover of the housing unit has at least one groove extending in a direction away from the rotating shaft and facing a direction opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating shaft, and adjacent to the oil passage. bezel. The gearbox of the vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the drainage space further has an indented space area between the baffle and the oil channel. The gearbox of the vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotating unit further comprises a set of bearings disposed on the rotating shaft and located on a side of the clutch facing the oil sump, the bearing has at least one bearing for preventing lubricating oil from flowing from the oil sump. Leak-proof plate for bearing spills. The gearbox of the vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is suitable for connecting a drive motor for providing power, wherein the rotating shaft of the rotating unit is suitable for connecting the drive motor. The gearbox of the vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the rotating unit further comprises a push rod inserted into the axial flow channel from an end facing the oil sump and used to push the clutch, the push rod has a through a rod part in the axial flow channel, and a base part connected to an end of the rod part away from the clutch and located outside the axial flow channel, the rod part has at least one arc in the shape of an arc and attached to the inner peripheral wall a surface area, and at least one tangential surface area connected to the at least one arc surface area and radially spaced from a portion of the inner peripheral wall. The gearbox of the vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the at least one oil outlet hole of the rotating shaft is a slotted hole extending for a certain distance in the axial direction. The transmission of the vehicle of claim 5, wherein the oil sump of the housing unit is located on a side away from the drive motor. A gearbox for a vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, suitable for connecting a drive motor for providing power and an output member on the opposite side of the drive motor for transmitting power to the outside, wherein, A part of the rotating shaft of the rotating unit extends out of the action space and is suitable for connecting the output piece. The transmission of the vehicle of claim 9, wherein the oil sump of the housing unit is located on a side away from the output member.

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