TWI769887B - Coal water removal equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal dewatering device for reducing the moisture content of coal. The coal dewatering device includes a microwave heating device, and the microwave heating device includes a microwave cavity, a conveying part and a plurality of microwave generating parts , the microwave generating parts generate microwaves and transmit them into the microwave cavity, the conveying part is arranged in the microwave cavity, and transmits the coal from the inlet to the outlet of the microwave cavity; wherein, the coal After microwave heating by the microwave heating device, the moisture content of the coal is reduced from a range of 25% to 35% to a range of 10% to 20%, and the coal produces a plurality of cracks.

Description

Coal water removal equipment

The present invention relates to the technical field of coal treatment, in particular to a coal dewatering device that can greatly reduce the moisture content of coal.

Coal is an indispensable mineral in current life. According to the carbon content and calorific value, the types of coal can be mainly divided into anthracite, bituminous coal, lignite and peat, etc., and different types of coal will have different uses. For example, lignite can be used for power generation, sub-bituminous coal can be used for power generation and heat production, bituminous coal can be used for power generation and metallurgy, and anthracite coal is commonly used for household heat production and can also be used for power generation.

The moisture content of coal is the basic index to evaluate the economic value of coal. After coal is mined, it will have water content. External water and internal water are collectively referred to as total water; external water is the water adsorbed on the surface of the coal and in the capillary pores, and the internal water is the crystal water inside. Water also has a certain weight. In this way, when the coal is to be transported to the refining unit or factory, the coal with water content will increase the transport weight. For a cargo ship or truck with a certain volume, the amount of coal that can be transported each time is relatively reduced, resulting in The cost of shipping increases.

In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to remove water from the mined coal. Existing coal dewatering equipment uses rotary kiln heating to heat and dewater coal to dry it. However, the heat energy generated by heating in this method is from outside to inside, and because coal is used as fuel, indirect heating is required. Hot rotary kiln to avoid coal burning. However, the crystal water is not easily destroyed, and the time for removing the water to be completely dry is relatively prolonged, which in turn affects the subsequent process, such as the grinding process.

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal dewatering equipment. The water content of coal can be greatly reduced by microwave heating of the microwave heating device, and the coal after microwave heating will produce cracks, which is beneficial to the subsequent crushing process, grinding process, etc. The aforementioned purposes and effects can be achieved by the following technical means.

The coal dewatering equipment of the present invention is used to reduce the moisture content of a coal. The coal dewatering equipment includes a microwave heating device, and the microwave heating device includes a microwave cavity, a conveying element and a plurality of microwave generating elements. The microwave generating part generates microwaves and transmits them into the microwave cavity; the conveying part is arranged in the microwave cavity, and transmits the coal from the feeding port of the microwave cavity to the discharging port; wherein, the coal passes through the microwave After microwave heating by the heating device, the moisture content of the coal is reduced from a range of 25% to 35% to a range of 10% to 20%, and a plurality of cracks are formed in the coal.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the output power of the microwave heating device is 120 watts.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the conveying member of the microwave heating device is a helical member, and the helical member extends along the axial direction of the microwave cavity.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the conveying member includes a shaft body and a spiral plate, and the spiral plate is disposed along the axial direction of the shaft body.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, one end of the shaft body is connected to a driving device, and the driving device drives the shaft body to rotate to rotate the spiral plate.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, a conveyor belt is further included, and the coal is conveyed to the microwave heating device via the conveyor belt.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the microwave heating device is further attached with a dust collector.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the microwave heating device is further attached with a condenser.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, it further includes a crushing device, which receives and crushes the coal after microwave heating by the microwave heating device.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the crushing device is further attached with another dust collector.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the microwave cavity system is a hollow cavity, and the feeding port and the discharging port are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the microwave cavity.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the microwave generating element is a magnetron.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the feed port has a feed hopper.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, an end of the microwave cavity close to the discharge port is provided with a plurality of air inlets, and an end of the microwave cavity close to the feed hopper is provided with an exhaust port , the air inlet is provided with a plurality of airflow generating parts.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, it further includes a base, and the base includes a support frame, a plurality of carrying plates and a working ladder.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the support frame is arranged to have an inclined angle with the ground, and the inlet to the outlet is inclined downward.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, a water-cooled system further includes a water inlet pipe and a drain pipe, the water inlet pipe and the drain pipe are respectively provided with a plurality of auxiliary pipes, and each auxiliary pipe is provided with A valve body is connected to the microwave generating element via a hose.

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the microwave generating elements are arranged in a staggered arrangement on the microwave cavity.

The present invention also relates to a process for removing water from coal, comprising the following steps: providing a raw coal ore with a first water content; transporting the raw coal ore to a microwave heating device; and microwave heating the raw coal ore with the microwave heating device and obtain a coal, and the coal has a second water content and produces a plurality of cracks; wherein, the first water content is in the range of 25% to 35%, and the second water content is in the range of 10% to 20% .

Optionally, in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, after the step of microwave heating, the following step is further included: crushing the coal with a crushing device.

The coal dewatering equipment and process of the present invention utilizes the microwave heating device to generate microwaves and then irradiates the coal to heat the coal rapidly, and utilizes the principle of thermal expansion and contraction to generate cracks, which is beneficial to the subsequent crushing process, grinding process, etc. In addition, under microwave heating, the heat energy directly destroys the crystal water inside the coal from the outside to the inside and makes it evaporate to the outside, which greatly reduces the moisture content of the coal.

10: Coal water removal equipment

11: Microwave cavity

12: Microwave generator

13: Conveyor

16: Transformer device

17: Drive unit

18: Pedestal

19: Water-cooled system

20: Conveyor belt

30: Microwave heating device

31: Dust collector

32: Condenser

40: Crushing device

41: Dust collector

111: Feed port

112: discharge port

113: Feed Hopper

115: Air intake

116: exhaust port

117: Airflow generating parts

131: Shaft

132: Spiral Plate

181: Support frame

182: Carrier plate

183: Working Ladder

191: water inlet pipe

192: Drainpipe

193: Deputy

194: valve body

195: Hose

B: Bearing

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the microwave heating apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the microwave heating apparatus of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a front view of the microwave heating device of Fig. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the microwave heating device of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the microwave heating apparatus of FIG. 1 for microwave heating of coal.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the microwave heating device of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the microwave generating member of the microwave heating apparatus of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the microwave heating device.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment of a microwave heating device.

Fig. 10 is a process flow chart of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a graph of the working efficiency of coal microwave heating.

Figure 12 shows an example of one of the experimental results after the coal was heated by microwave.

Figure 13 shows another example of experimental results after the coal was heated by microwave.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 at the same time, there is shown a coal dewatering device 10 for reducing the moisture content of a coal, and the coal dewatering device 10 includes a microwave heating device 30, and the microwave heating device 30 It includes a microwave cavity 11 , a plurality of microwave generating parts 12 and a conveying part 13 .

The microwave cavity 11 is a hollow cavity with a feed port 111 and a discharge port 112 , and the feed port 111 and the discharge port 112 are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the microwave cavity 11 . In addition, the feeding port 111 has a feeding hopper 113 , the feeding hopper 113 is upright facing upward, and the coal is conveyed to the feeding hopper 113 by, for example, a conveyor belt 20 (please refer to FIG. 10 ), and is guided by the feeding hopper 113 to pass through The feeding port 111 enters the microwave cavity 11 ; the feeding port 112 faces the lower part of the microwave cavity 11 , and the coal heated by the microwave leaves the microwave cavity 11 from the feeding port 112 . As used herein, "above" refers to the direction away from the ground, and "below" refers to the direction toward the ground.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a plurality of microwave generating elements 12 are respectively inserted into the shell of the microwave cavity 11, each microwave generating element 12 has a microwave emitting end, and the microwave emitting end is located in the microwave cavity 11, The microwave emitting end emits microwaves, and the microwaves are irradiated to the coal delivered to the microwave cavity 11. Since the microwave cavity 11 in this embodiment is made of metal, the microwaves can be continuously reflected by the microwave cavity 11 and repeatedly irradiated to the coal. coal.

In this embodiment, the microwave cavity 11 is a polygonal cavity. For example, the microwave cavity 11 is formed by twelve rectangular metal plate parts that are arranged in pairs along a circumscribed cylindrical surface to form a cylindrical structure. Among the six rectangular metal plates in the upper part (180 degrees), each rectangular metal plate is provided with two rows of holes, so there are 12 rows of holes in total, and each hole is provided with a microwave generator 12 .

In addition, in this embodiment, the microwave generating element 12 is a magnetron. The magnetron has a center cathode, an anode surrounding the center cathode, and magnets arranged at both ends of the cathode and the anode in the axial direction. The magnetic field generated by the magnets at both ends generates microwaves in the resonant cavity between the cathode and the anode, and the generated microwaves are transmitted to the microwave cavity 11 through the antenna at the microwave transmitting end. Since the magnetron requires high voltage, outside the microwave cavity 11 A plurality of transformer devices 16 are arranged on both sides of the section to convert the voltage of the mains (110V or 220V) into a high voltage (eg 4000V) required by the magnetron.

As shown in FIG. 4, the conveying member 13 is disposed in the microwave cavity 11. The conveying member 13 in this embodiment is a screw member, which extends along the axial direction of the microwave cavity 11, and includes a shaft 131 and a The spiral plate 132 is arranged along the axial direction of the shaft body 131 . Further, both ends of the shaft body 131 are rotatably supported by bearings B, respectively.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 3 at the same time. One end of the shaft body 131 is connected to a driving device 17 , and the driving device 17 drives the shaft body 131 to rotate to make the spiral plate 132 rotate. In this embodiment, the driving device 17 is an electric motor. The output shaft of the driving device 17 is connected to the shaft body 131 via a coupling, so that the driving device 17 can drive the shaft body 131 to rotate.

Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 at the same time, a plurality of air inlets 115 are provided at the end of the microwave cavity 11 close to the discharge port 112 , and an exhaust port 116 is provided at the end of the microwave cavity 11 close to the feed hopper 113 , the air inlet 115 is provided with a plurality of airflow generating members 117. In this embodiment, the airflow generating member 117 is a fan, and the fan rotates to drive air into the microwave cavity 11 to generate airflow in the microwave cavity 11. Exhaust from exhaust port 116 .

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the microwave cavity 11, the microwave generating member 12, the conveying member 13, the transformer device 16 and the driving device 17 are respectively arranged on a base 18, and the base 18 includes a support frame 181 , a plurality of carrying plates 182 and a working ladder 183 . As shown in FIG. 3 , in order to make the coal conveying in the microwave cavity 11 more smoothly, the support frame 181 is set to have an inclined angle with the ground, that is, the support frame 181 is inclined downward from the feed port 111 to the discharge port 112 . In this way, in addition to pushing the coal from the feeding port 111 to the discharging port 112 by the conveying member 13 , the coal can also be transported from the feeding port 111 to the discharging port 112 by gravity using the inclined support frame 181 . In addition, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the The carrier plate 182 is arranged between the microwave cavity 11 and the transformer device 16 and on both sides of the driving device 17 . The working ladder 183 is erected on one side of the support frame 181 , and the operator can climb to the bearing plate 182 via the working ladder 183 . , to facilitate maintenance or operation.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , after the coal is conveyed into the feeding hopper 113 , it is guided by the feeding hopper 113 and enters the microwave cavity 11 through the feeding port 111 , and the conveying member 13 disposed in the microwave cavity 11 pushes the coal along the axis Moving forward, at this time, the microwave generating member 12 generates microwaves and emits the microwaves into the microwave cavity 11 to irradiate the coal. In this way, the water molecules in the coal can be rotated by the microwave to make the coal molecules oscillate, thereby increasing the temperature of the coal, and as the temperature increases, part of the water and coal dust rises and suspends in the microwave cavity 11 , the airflow generated by the airflow generating member 117 in the microwave cavity 11 discharges moisture and dust through the exhaust port 116 .

As mentioned above, after the coal is irradiated with microwaves, the coal will reduce the moisture content due to the microwave heating. According to the experimental results, the moisture content can be reduced from the range of 25% to 35% to the range of 10% to 20%. Furthermore, the structure of the coal will become more loose after microwave irradiation, resulting in cracks, which is beneficial to the subsequent crushing process, grinding process and the like.

In the above-mentioned microwave heating process, the output power of the microwave heating device 30 is 120 watts, which is of course not limited to this. 270 mug, 300 mug, 330 mug, 360 mug, etc. In actual implementation, the microwave heating device 30 can adjust the output power and heating temperature according to the type of coal to be heated. In this embodiment, the microwave heating device 30 can heat the coal at a temperature between 75°C and 85°C. Preferably, the microwave heating device 30 can heat the coal at about 80°C, so that the moisture content of the coal can be greatly reduced after microwave heating. In addition, the burning of coal during the heating process can also be avoided.

Referring to FIG. 7 , the microwave generating element 12 of the present embodiment is in the form of a magnetron, which uses a water-cooled system 19 (please also refer to FIG. 3 ) to cool the anode of the magnetron. The water-cooled system 19 includes a water inlet pipe 191 and a drain pipe 192 . The water inlet pipe 191 and the drain pipe 192 are respectively provided with a plurality of auxiliary pipes 193 , and each auxiliary pipe 193 is provided with a valve body 194 and is connected to the microwave via a hose 195 The generator 12, the anode of the microwave generator 12 is surrounded by a water jacket, and the cooling water passes through the water jacket from the water inlet pipe 191 through the auxiliary pipe 193, the valve body 194 and the hose 195, and absorbs the heat generated by the anode, and the temperature rises. The cooling water enters the drain pipe 192 through the hose 195 , the valve body 194 and the auxiliary pipe 193 , so as to achieve the water cooling effect.

Please refer to FIG. 8, which shows another embodiment of the microwave heating device of the present invention. In this embodiment, the microwave generating elements 12 are arranged in a staggered manner on the microwave cavity 11 .

Please refer to FIG. 9, which shows yet another embodiment of the microwave heating device of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a part of the microwave generating parts 12 are arranged closely (with a small spacing) on the rectangular metal plate parts close to the top of the microwave cavity 11 , and another part of the microwave generating parts 12 are close to the bottom of the microwave cavity 11 . The rectangular metal plate parts are arranged more evacuated (larger spacing),

Please refer to FIG. 10, which is a process flow chart of the present invention. As shown in the figure, when the coal water removal process is to be carried out, a raw coal ore, such as a newly mined coal ore, is provided first, and the coal raw ore has a first water content; then, a conveyor belt 20 is used to transport the coal raw ore to microwave heating The device 30 is used to microwave the raw coal ore with the microwave heating device 30 to obtain a coal, and the coal has a second water content and produces a plurality of cracks; wherein, as described above, the first water content is in the range of 25% to 35% , and the second moisture content is in the range of 10% to 20%, that is, after microwave heating, the moisture content of the coal will be reduced from the range of 25% to 35% to the range of 10% to 20%.

In this embodiment, the coal obtained by microwave heating can be further crushed by a crushing device 40 for subsequent use, such as a grinding process, and as described above, the coal obtained by microwave heating will produce a plurality of Therefore, it can be easily carried out in the crushing process and the grinding process.

As shown in FIG. 10 , in this embodiment, a dust collector 31 and a condenser 32 can be further attached to the microwave heating device 30 , and another dust collector 41 can be attached to the crushing device 40 . The aforementioned dust collector 31 and another dust collector 41 can collect the generated soot (fly ash) during the process, and the condenser 32 can be used to condense the gas obtained by microwave heating and recover it for subsequent needs when used.

Please refer to Figure 11, which is a graph showing the working efficiency of coal microwave heating. In Figure 11, the exposure time on the horizontal axis represents the time (minutes) that the coal is exposed to microwave heating, and the comparative work index on the vertical axis represents the percentage of coal grinding work that can be saved. For example, microwaves for 5 minutes can reduce grinding work. about 50% of the time. In other words, the use of microwave heating can greatly save the time for dewatering the coal, which is beneficial to the working time required for the subsequent crushing and grinding processes.

Please refer to Figure 12, which shows an example of experimental results after the coal is heated by microwave. As shown in Figure 12, the data values of moisture are all significantly reduced, that is, the moisture content of coal is greatly reduced after microwave heating, while AR The calorific value is increased by 37.2%, while the total sulfur, one of the characteristics of coal, is almost unchanged. (Note: AR calorific value refers to the total number of kilocalories that can be lifted per kilogram (there are other units, such as MJ/Kg (million joules/kg); AR (As Received Base) means using air-dried samples or The result (%) or the measured calorific value (calorific value) obtained from the analysis of the constant-humidity sample can be converted into a representation of the current batch delivery status, that is, the status of total moisture content.)

Please refer to Figure 13, which shows another example of the experimental results after the coal is heated by microwave. As shown in Figure 13, two different specifications of coal are tested. Similarly, the data values of moisture are significantly reduced.

However, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention, that is, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the contents of the description of the invention, All still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention. In addition, it is not necessary for any embodiment of the present invention or the claimed scope of the present invention to achieve all of the objects or advantages or features disclosed herein. In addition, the abstract section and the title are only used to assist the search of patent documents and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

10: Coal water removal equipment

11: Microwave cavity

12: Microwave generator

16: Transformer device

17: Drive unit

18: Pedestal

113: Feed Hopper

116: exhaust port

181: Support frame

182: Carrier plate

183: Working Ladder

30: Microwave heating device

B: Bearing

Claims (16)

A coal dewatering device for reducing the moisture content of coal, the coal dewatering device (10) comprising: a microwave heating device (30), comprising a microwave cavity (11), a conveying member (13) and a plurality of a microwave generating element (12), the microwave generating elements (12) generate microwaves and transmit them into the microwave cavity (11), the conveying element (13) is arranged in the microwave cavity (11), and transmits the microwaves to the microwave cavity (11). The coal is transferred from a feeding port (111) of the microwave cavity (11) to a discharging port (112); and a base (18), the base (18) includes a support frame (181), A plurality of carrying plates (182) and a working ladder (183), the support frame (181) is arranged to have an inclined angle with the ground, and the feed port (111) to the discharge port (112) are inclined downward; wherein , after the coal is microwave-heated by the microwave heating device (30), the moisture content of the coal is reduced from the range of 25% to 35% to the range of 10% to 20%, and the coal produces a plurality of cracks. The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 1, wherein the output power of the microwave heating device (30) is 120 kw. The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 1, wherein the conveying member (13) of the microwave heating device (30) is a screw member, and the screw member extends along the axial direction of the microwave cavity (11). The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 1, wherein the conveying member (13) comprises a shaft body (131) and a spiral plate (132), and the spiral plate (132) is along the axial direction of the shaft body (131). set up. The coal dewatering equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein one end of the shaft body (131) is connected to a driving device (17), and the driving device (17) drives the shaft body (131) to rotate to make the spiral plate (131). 132) Rotation. The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a conveyor belt (20), and the coal is conveyed to the microwave heating device (30) via the conveyor belt (20). The coal dewatering equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microwave heating device (30) is further attached with a dust collector (31). The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 7, wherein the microwave heating device (30) is further attached with a condenser (32). The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a crushing device (40), which receives and crushes the coal after microwave heating by the microwave heating device (30). The coal dewatering equipment as claimed in claim 9, wherein the crushing device (40) is further attached with another dust collector (41). The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 1, wherein the microwave cavity (11) is a hollow cavity, and the feed port (111) and the discharge port (112) are respectively arranged in the microwave cavity (11) opposite ends. The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 1, wherein the microwave generating element (12) is a magnetron. The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 1, wherein the feeding port (111) has a feeding hopper (113). The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 13, wherein a plurality of air inlets (115) are provided at one end of the microwave cavity (11) close to the discharge port (112), and the microwave cavity (11) is close to the One end of the feeding hopper (113) is provided with an exhaust port (116), and the air inlet (115) is provided with a plurality of airflow generating members (117). The coal water removal equipment as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a water-cooled system (19) comprising a water inlet pipe (191) and a drain pipe (192), the water inlet pipe (191) and the drain pipe (192) A plurality of auxiliary pipes (193) are respectively provided, and each auxiliary pipe (193) is provided with a valve body (194) and is connected to the microwave generating member (12) via a hose (195). The coal dewatering equipment according to claim 1, wherein the microwave generating elements (12) are arranged in a staggered manner on the microwave cavity (11).

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