TWI679013B - 2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮用於炎症反應的治療 - Google Patents
2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮用於炎症反應的治療 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI679013B TWI679013B TW107147835A TW107147835A TWI679013B TW I679013 B TWI679013 B TW I679013B TW 107147835 A TW107147835 A TW 107147835A TW 107147835 A TW107147835 A TW 107147835A TW I679013 B TWI679013 B TW I679013B
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Abstract
本發明揭示了2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽在製備治療患者之炎症反應之藥物中之應用。本發明證實了2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮藉由下調炎症通路關鍵分子NF-kB之表現來抑制微神經膠質細胞及巨噬細胞之活化,從而能夠用於治療炎症。
Description
本發明係關於2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮之醫藥新用途,具體係關於2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮在炎症反應之治療中之應用。
巨噬細胞普遍存在於血液、淋巴及組織中,係固有免疫細胞之一種,係機體之重要之參與天然免疫反應之細胞,具有殺滅細菌、吞噬病原菌、抗原呈現及分泌細胞因子等多項功能,在病原微生物與衰老細胞之清除、促進及抑制炎症反應、誘發適應性免疫反應及損傷組織之修復與重構過程中起著重要作用,既可維持體內平衡狀態,亦對疾病之形成與治療過程起重要作用。
不同PAMP(病原相關分子模式)及DAMP(損傷相關分子模式)可激巨噬細胞向不同方向發生極化,形成M1型及M2型巨噬細胞。例如,促炎因子IFN-γ、TNF以及LPS分別藉由IFN-γR、TLR等受體及其下游信號傳導NF-κB等刺激產生M1型巨噬細胞極化,極化後之巨噬細胞表現大量TNF-α、IL-1、NO、活性氧中間體等促炎因子,具有較強之抗原呈現能力,同時M1 型巨噬細胞促進Th1 型免疫應答,在炎症早期促進炎症反應,殺傷細胞內感染之病原體。而由IL-4、IL-13、免疫複合物、IL-10、糖皮質激素等誘導極化,活化後之M2 型巨噬細胞表現大量IL-10、TGF-β等抑炎因子,具備精胺酸酶1((Arg1)、CD206、DC-SIGN、甘露醇受體、清道夫受體CD163、CCR2、CXCR1 等多種標誌分子表現,M2 型巨噬細胞極化後主要活化Th2 型免疫應答,主要參與抗炎反應、促進組織重構、纖維化以及腫瘤發展等病理過程。M1型、M2型巨噬細胞在特定之微環境下可以相互轉換。
M1型巨噬細胞極化之巨噬細胞被認為參與了炎症性疾病、寄生蟲感染、哮喘、心血管疾病、腫瘤等多種疾病過程,在其中均發揮重要作用。
微神經膠質細胞(microglia)係中樞神經系統之一種神經膠質細胞,約占整個膠質細胞之5~10%,微神經膠質細胞被廣泛認為係腦及脊髓中之巨噬細胞,屬於單核吞噬細胞族,係中樞神經系統內之主要免疫效應物。
作為常駐中樞神經系統之免疫效應細胞,微神經膠質細胞及其介導之神經炎症在中樞神經系統之損傷及疾病之轉歸過程中起著非常重要的作用。正常情況下,微神經膠質細胞胞體小,具有細長高度分支之突起,分支上有許多棘狀突起。生理條件下,微神經膠質細胞處於靜息狀態,發揮免疫監視作用。當中樞神經系統受到炎症、感染及外傷等因素刺激時,微神經膠質細胞能迅速被活化繼而介導多種免疫反應。活化之微神經膠質細胞體積變大、胞體變圓、細胞表面之突起消失,轉變為阿米巴樣巨噬細胞狀態,能夠迅速轉移並吞噬清除凋亡神經元、突觸及細胞碎片等,維持中樞神經系統內環境穩態,延緩神經退行性疾病發展進程。
臨床及神經病理學研究表明活化之微神經膠質細胞在帕金森病、HIV腦病、多發性硬化及阿茲海默症等神經退化類疾病之發揮重要作用。同時過多活化或失控之微神經膠質細胞會引起神經毒性,係促炎因子及氧化應激之重要來源,如一氧化氮(NO)、氧自由基、蛋白水解酶、炎性因子如介白素1(IL-1)、腫瘤壞死因子α(TNF-α)與γ干擾素(INF-γ)等,導致腦組織損傷。同時爆發性分泌大量細胞因子及細胞毒性物質,在損傷所致炎症後期,則以分泌BDNF等神經營養因子為主,有利於神經元之營養及修復。
本發明之發明人意外發現,2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮藉由下調炎症通路關鍵分子NF-kB之表現來抑制LPS誘導之微神經膠質細胞及巨噬細胞之活化,從而能夠用於治療炎症。
本發明之一態樣提供,2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽在製備治療患者之炎症反應之藥物中之應用。在一些實施中,該炎症反應為NF-κB信號傳導介導之炎症反應。在一些實施中,該炎症反應為周邊炎症反應或中樞神經系統炎症反應。在一些實施中,該周邊炎症反應表現為巨噬細胞極化。在一些實施中,該中樞神經系統炎症反應表現為微神經膠質細胞之活化。在一些實施中,該藥物亦包括另一治療劑。在一些實施中,該患者係人。
本發明之另一態樣提供一種治療患者之炎症反應之方法,該方法包含向該患者投與有效量之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、或包括2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之藥物組合物。在一些實施中,該炎症反應為NF-κB信號傳導介導之炎症反應。在一些實施中,該炎症反應為周邊炎症反應或中樞神經系統炎症反應。在一些實施中,該周邊炎症反應表現為巨噬細胞極化。在一些實施中,該中樞神經系統炎症反應表現為微神經膠質細胞之活化。在一些實施中,該患者係人。
本發明之再一態樣提供2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽用於患者之炎症反應之治療。在一些實施中,該炎症反應為NF-κB信號傳導介導之炎症反應。在一些實施中,該炎症反應為周邊炎症反應或中樞神經系統炎症反應。在一些實施中,該周邊炎症反應表現為巨噬細胞極化。在一些實施中,該中樞神經系統炎症反應表現為微神經膠質細胞之活化。在一些實施中,該患者係人。
本發明之又一態樣提供一種減輕或消除患者之炎症反應之方法,該方法包含向患者投與有效量之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、或包括2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之藥物組合物。本發明之又一態樣提供一種減輕或消除患者之NF-κB信號傳導介導之炎症反應之方法,該方法包含向患者投與有效量之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、或包括2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之藥物組合物。本發明之又一態樣提供一種減輕或消除患者之周邊炎症反應或中樞神經系統炎症反應之方法,該方法包含向患者投與有效量之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、或包括2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之藥物組合物。本發明之又一態樣提供一種減輕或消除之周邊炎症反應中巨噬細胞極化之方法,該方法包含向患者投與有效量之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、或包括2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之藥物組合物。本發明之又一態樣提供一種減輕或消除之中樞神經系統炎症反應中微神經膠質細胞之活化之方法,該方法包含向患者投與有效量之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、或包括2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之藥物組合物。
如本文所用,術語「組合物」係指適於投與預期動物對象以達到治療目的之製劑,其含有至少一種藥物活性組分,例如化合物。任選地,該組合物進一步含有至少一種藥物學上可接受之載劑或賦形劑。
術語「醫藥學上可接受的」表示該物質不具有此類特性,即考慮到將被治療之疾病或病症以及各自之投與途徑,該等特性將會使理性謹慎之醫學從業者避免給患者服用該物質。例如,對於可注射物來說,通常要求此類物質係基本無菌的。
在本文中,術語「治療有效量」及「有效量」表示該物質及物質之量對於預防、減輕或改善疾病或病症之一種或多種症狀,及/或延長接受治療之對象之存活係有效的。
本文使用之「治療」包含給予本申請之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,以減輕疾病或病症之症狀或併發症,或消除疾病或病症。本文使用之術語「減輕」用於描述病症之跡象或症狀之嚴重性降低之過程。症狀可減輕而沒有消除。在一種實施中,給予本申請之藥物組合物導致消除跡象或症狀。
2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽
2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮在本文亦稱為「YC-10」或「本發明之化合物」,結構式如式(I)所示。業已證實,YC-10具有抗腫瘤及神經保護作用。
(式I)
2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮在本文亦稱為「YC-10」或「本發明之化合物」,結構式如式(I)所示。業已證實,YC-10具有抗腫瘤及神經保護作用。
(式I)
本發明之化合物可以被配製為醫藥學上可接受鹽之形式或為醫藥學上可接受鹽之形式。預期之醫藥學上可接受之鹽形式包含但不限於,單、雙、三、四等鹽。醫藥學上可接受鹽在其被投與之量及濃度下係無毒的。在不阻止其發揮生理效應之情況下,藉由改變化合物之物理特性,此類鹽之製備可以便於藥理學應用。在物理性質上有用之改變包含降低熔點以便經黏膜給藥,以及增加溶解度以便投與更高濃度之藥物。
醫藥學上可接受之鹽包含酸加成鹽,例如彼等含硫酸鹽、氯化物、氫氯化物、反丁烯二酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、磷酸鹽、胺基磺酸鹽、乙酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、乳酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、乙磺酸鹽、苯磺酸鹽、對甲苯磺酸鹽、環己胺基磺酸鹽及奎尼酸鹽之鹽。醫藥學上可接受之鹽可自酸獲得,該等酸例如鹽酸、馬來酸、硫酸、磷酸、胺基磺酸、乙酸、檸檬酸、乳酸、酒石酸、丙二酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、苯磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、環己胺基磺酸、反丁烯二酸及奎尼酸。
當酸性官能團例如羧酸或酚存在時,醫藥學上可接受之鹽亦包含鹼加成鹽,例如彼等含有苄星青黴素、氯普魯卡因、膽鹼、二乙醇胺、乙醇胺、第三丁胺、乙二胺、葡甲胺、普魯卡因、鋁、鈣、鋰、鎂、鉀、鈉、銨、烷基胺及鋅之鹽。使用合適之相應之鹼可以製備此類鹽。
藉由標準技術,可以製備醫藥學上可接受之鹽。例如,將游離鹼形式之化合物溶解在合適之溶劑中,例如含有適宜酸之水性溶液或水-醇溶液中,然後蒸發溶液進行分離。在另一個實例中,藉由使游離鹼及酸在有機溶劑中反應來製備鹽。
因此,例如,若特定化合物係鹼,則可藉由此項技術中可得之任何合適方法製備所需之醫藥學上可接受之鹽,例如,用無機酸或有機酸處理游離鹼,該等無機酸如鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸及類似酸,該等有機酸如乙酸、馬來酸、琥珀酸、扁桃酸、富馬酸、丙二酸、丙酮酸、草酸、乙醇酸、水楊酸、吡喃糖苷酸(pyranosidyl acid) (諸如葡糖醛酸或半乳糖醛酸)、α-羥基酸(諸如檸檬酸或酒石酸)、胺基酸(諸如天冬胺酸或麩胺酸)、芳香酸(諸如苯甲酸或肉桂酸)、磺酸(諸如對甲苯磺酸或乙磺酸)或類似物。
同樣,若特定化合物為酸,則可藉由任何合適方法製備所需之醫藥學上可接受之鹽,例如,用無機鹼或有機鹼處理游離酸,該等無機鹼或有機鹼例如胺(一級胺、二級胺或三級胺)、鹼金屬氫氧化物或鹼土金屬氫氧化物或類似物。合適之鹽之例示性實例包含有機鹽,其衍生自胺基酸(如L-甘胺酸、L-離胺酸及L-精胺酸)、氨、一級胺、二級胺及三級胺,以及環胺(如羥乙基吡咯烷、哌啶、嗎啉及哌嗪),以及無機鹽,其衍生自鈉、鈣、鉀、鎂、錳、鐵、銅、鋅、鋁及鋰。
化合物之醫藥學上可接受之鹽可以作為錯合物存在。錯合物之實例包含8-氯茶鹼錯合物(類似於,例如,茶苯海明:苯海拉明8-氯茶鹼(1:1)錯合物;暈海寧)及各種包括環糊精之錯合物。
本發明亦預期包含使用該化合物之醫藥學上可接受之氘代化合物或其他非放射性取代化合物。氘代係將藥物活性分子基團中之一個或多個或全部氫替換成同位素氘,因其無毒無放射性,又比碳氫鍵穩定約6~9倍,可封閉代謝位點而延長藥物之半衰期,從而降低治療劑量,同時又不影響藥物之藥理活性,而被認為係一種優良之修飾方法。
藥物組合物
在本發明中,「藥物組合物」係指包括YC-10及醫藥學上可接受之載劑之組合物,其中化合物及醫藥學上可接受之載劑以混合形式存在於組合物中。該組合物一般將被用於人類對象之治療。然而,其亦可被用於治療在其他動物對象中之相似之或相同之病症。在本文中,術語「對象」、「動物對象」及類似術語指人及非人類脊椎動物,例如哺乳動物,如非人類靈長類,競技動物及商業動物,例如馬、牛、豬、綿羊、嚙齒類動物,及寵物(如狗及貓)。
在本發明中,「藥物組合物」係指包括YC-10及醫藥學上可接受之載劑之組合物,其中化合物及醫藥學上可接受之載劑以混合形式存在於組合物中。該組合物一般將被用於人類對象之治療。然而,其亦可被用於治療在其他動物對象中之相似之或相同之病症。在本文中,術語「對象」、「動物對象」及類似術語指人及非人類脊椎動物,例如哺乳動物,如非人類靈長類,競技動物及商業動物,例如馬、牛、豬、綿羊、嚙齒類動物,及寵物(如狗及貓)。
合適之劑型,部分地取決於用途或給藥之途徑,例如經口、經皮、經黏膜、吸入或藉由注射(腸胃外)。此類劑型應當使該化合物能夠到達靶細胞。其他因素在此項技術中係熟知的,包含需要考慮之事項,諸如毒性及延遲化合物或組合物發揮其效應之劑型。
載劑或賦形劑可被用於生產組合物。該等載劑或賦形劑可以被選擇為促進化合物之給藥。載劑之實例包含碳酸鈣、磷酸鈣、各種糖(例如乳糖、葡萄糖或蔗糖)、或澱粉類型、纖維素衍生物、明膠、植物油、聚乙二醇及生理相容性溶劑。生理上相容性溶劑之實例包含注射用水(WFI)無菌溶液、鹽溶液及葡萄糖。
可藉由不同之路徑投與組合物或組合物之組分,包含靜脈內、腹膜內、皮下、肌內、經口、經黏膜、 直腸、經皮或吸入。在一些實施中,較佳注射劑或凍乾粉針劑。對口服而言,例如,化合物可以被配製為常規口服劑型,例如膠囊、片劑,以及液體製劑,例如糖漿、酏劑及濃縮滴劑。
可獲得口服用途之藥物製劑,例如藉由將組合物或其組分與固體賦形劑組合,任選研磨所形成之混合物,以及在加入合適之輔劑之後(視需要)加工顆粒之混合物,從而獲得片劑或糖衣丸。合適之賦形劑特別係填料,例如糖,包含乳糖、蔗糖、甘露糖醇或山梨醇;纖維素製劑,例如玉米澱粉、小麥澱粉、大米澱粉、馬鈴薯澱粉、明膠、黃蓍樹膠、甲基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉(CMC)及/或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP:聚維酮(povidone))。若需要,可加入崩解劑,例如交聯之聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、瓊脂或藻酸或其之鹽,例如藻酸鈉。
作為選擇,可以使用注射(腸胃外給藥),例如肌內的、靜脈內的、腹膜內的及/或皮下的。對於注射而言,本發明之組合物或其組分被配製為無菌液體溶液,較佳在生理相容之緩衝液或溶液中,例如鹽水溶液、Hank溶液或Ringer溶液。另外,組合物或其組分可被配製為固體形式,並在使用之前一刻被再溶解或懸浮。亦可生產凍乾粉形式。
給藥亦可藉由經黏膜、局部或經皮方式。對於經黏膜、局部或經皮給藥,在配方中使用適合待穿透之障壁之穿透劑。此類穿透劑在此項技術中係普遍已知的,包含,例如,對於經黏膜給藥,膽汁鹽及梭鏈孢酸衍生物。另外,去垢劑可用於促進穿透。經黏膜給藥,例如,可藉由鼻噴霧或栓劑(經直腸或陰道)。
藉由標準程序可測定待投與之各種組分之有效量,考慮之因素例如該化合物IC50
、該化合物之生物半衰期、對象之年齡、大小及體重以及與對象有關之病症。此等因素及其他因素之重要性對一般熟習此項技術者而言係熟知的。一般而言,劑量將在被治療之對象之大約0.01mg/kg至50mg/kg之間,較佳在0.1mg/kg至20mg/kg之間。可以使用多次劑量。
本發明之組合物或其組分還可以與治療相同疾病之其他治療劑結合使用。此類結合使用包含在不同時間投與此等化合物以及一種或多種其他治療劑,或同時使用此類化合物及一種或多種其他治療劑。在一些實施中,可對本發明之一種或多種化合物或結合使用之其他治療劑之劑量進行修改,例如,藉由熟習此項技術者已知之方法降低相對於單獨使用之化合物或治療劑之劑量。
要理解的是,結合使用或聯用包含與其他療法、藥物、醫學程序等一起使用,其中該等其他療法或程序可在不同於本發明之組合物或其組分之時間(例如,在短期內(諸如幾個小時,諸如1、2、3、4至24小時)或在較長時間內(諸如1至2天、2至4天、4至7天、1至4週)或在與本發明之組合物或其組分相同之時間被投與。結合使用還包含與一次或不頻繁投與之療法或醫學程序(如手術)一起使用,並伴隨本發明之組合物或其組分在該等其他療法或程序之前或之後之短期或較長時間段內之投與。在一些實施中,本發明用於遞送本發明之組合物或其組分及一種或多種其他藥物治療劑,其藉由相同或不同給藥途徑遞送。
任何給藥途徑之結合投與包含藉由相同給藥途徑將本發明之組合物或其組分及一種或多種其他藥物治療劑以任何製劑形式一起遞送,包含兩種化合物化學地相連且其在投與時保持各自治療活性之製劑。在一個態樣中,該等其他藥物療法可與本發明之組合物或其組分共同投與。藉由共同投與之結合使用包含投與共製劑(co-formulation)或化學上連接之化合物之製劑,或在短期內(例如,一個小時內、2小時內、3小時內、直至24小時內)投與兩種或多種獨立製劑形式之化合物,其以相同或不同之途徑給藥。
獨立製劑之共同投與包含經由一個裝置之遞送之共同投與,例如相同吸入裝置、相同注射器等,或相對彼此短期內由不同裝置投與。藉由相同給藥途徑遞送之本發明之化合物及一種或多種額外之藥物療法之共製劑包含將材料一起製備從而其可藉由一個裝置被投與,包含不同化合物組合在一種製劑中,或化合物被修飾從而使得其在化學上連接在一起但仍保持各自之生物學活性。此類化學上連接之化合物可包含將兩個活性成分分開之連接體,該等連接體在體內基本維持,或在體內可能降解。
實施例
實施例 1.
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之周邊巨噬細胞之炎症反應
1. 細胞:小鼠巨噬細胞株RAW 264.7,購自ATCC;原代培養腹腔巨噬細胞。
2. 主要試劑:
2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮由廣州市賽普特醫藥科技股份有限公司合成;HP-β-CD,購自西安德立生物科技有限公司;脂多糖LPS (大腸桿菌(Escherichiacoli) 0111:B4, Sigma, 目錄號L2630);抗體:抗p65 (Santa Cruz. sc-8008); 磷酸化NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1)兔mAb(CST,目錄號3033);p38抗體(CST, USA,目錄號9212) (1:1000);p-p38抗體(Thr 180/Tyr 182) (CST, USA,目錄號9216) (1:1000);杜爾博克氏改良伊格爾培養基(Dulbacco's Modified Eagle Medium) (Gibco,目錄號10013608R);胎牛血清(fetal bovine serum, FBS) (Gibco, 目錄號10091148);TRIzol®試劑(Life,15596-018)。
3. 主要設備:細胞超淨台(Thermo,MSC-ADVANTAGE); CO2 細胞培養箱(Thermo 3111,USA);倒置相差/螢光顯微鏡(Olympus IX71,Japan);台式低溫高速離心機(Eppendrof,German);化學發光成像儀(Bio-Rad,USA); 垂直板電泳儀(Bio-Rad Mini-Protein II cells,USA);轉移電槽(Bio-Rad Mini Tran-Biot Transfer Cell, USA )。
實施例 1.
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之周邊巨噬細胞之炎症反應
1. 細胞:小鼠巨噬細胞株RAW 264.7,購自ATCC;原代培養腹腔巨噬細胞。
2. 主要試劑:
2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮由廣州市賽普特醫藥科技股份有限公司合成;HP-β-CD,購自西安德立生物科技有限公司;脂多糖LPS (大腸桿菌(Escherichiacoli) 0111:B4, Sigma, 目錄號L2630);抗體:抗p65 (Santa Cruz. sc-8008); 磷酸化NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1)兔mAb(CST,目錄號3033);p38抗體(CST, USA,目錄號9212) (1:1000);p-p38抗體(Thr 180/Tyr 182) (CST, USA,目錄號9216) (1:1000);杜爾博克氏改良伊格爾培養基(Dulbacco's Modified Eagle Medium) (Gibco,目錄號10013608R);胎牛血清(fetal bovine serum, FBS) (Gibco, 目錄號10091148);TRIzol®試劑(Life,15596-018)。
3. 主要設備:細胞超淨台(Thermo,MSC-ADVANTAGE); CO2 細胞培養箱(Thermo 3111,USA);倒置相差/螢光顯微鏡(Olympus IX71,Japan);台式低溫高速離心機(Eppendrof,German);化學發光成像儀(Bio-Rad,USA); 垂直板電泳儀(Bio-Rad Mini-Protein II cells,USA);轉移電槽(Bio-Rad Mini Tran-Biot Transfer Cell, USA )。
2. 實驗方法
西方墨點法偵測 2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之 NF-κB 之磷酸化。
巨噬細胞細胞株RAW264.7給予不同濃度(0.1mM、0.5mM、2.5mM、10mM)之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮或者陽性藥物地塞米松(DXMS) 1 mM預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS刺激30min後,收集蛋白進行西方墨點法偵測。其中羥丙基-β-環糊精(HP-β-CD)為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。具體為M-PER試劑提取細胞總蛋白,BCA法測定蛋白濃度。取蛋白樣品20μg,加入5×SDS蛋白上樣緩衝液,煮沸5 min 後,以10% SDS-聚丙烯醯胺凝膠電泳分離;分離之蛋白用濕轉法轉移至PVDF膜,之後用5%脫脂奶粉室溫封閉1h;加稀釋後之一抗,4℃孵育過夜;TBST 洗滌3次, 每次5 min,加入相應二抗,室溫震盪孵育1 h,TBST洗滌3次,每次5min。化學發光法顯色拍照。
西方墨點法偵測 2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之 NF-κB 之磷酸化。
巨噬細胞細胞株RAW264.7給予不同濃度(0.1mM、0.5mM、2.5mM、10mM)之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮或者陽性藥物地塞米松(DXMS) 1 mM預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS刺激30min後,收集蛋白進行西方墨點法偵測。其中羥丙基-β-環糊精(HP-β-CD)為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。具體為M-PER試劑提取細胞總蛋白,BCA法測定蛋白濃度。取蛋白樣品20μg,加入5×SDS蛋白上樣緩衝液,煮沸5 min 後,以10% SDS-聚丙烯醯胺凝膠電泳分離;分離之蛋白用濕轉法轉移至PVDF膜,之後用5%脫脂奶粉室溫封閉1h;加稀釋後之一抗,4℃孵育過夜;TBST 洗滌3次, 每次5 min,加入相應二抗,室溫震盪孵育1 h,TBST洗滌3次,每次5min。化學發光法顯色拍照。
IF ( 免疫螢光 ) 偵測 2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之巨噬細胞中 NF-κB p65 亞基之核移位。
巨噬細胞株RAW264.7給予2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮不同濃度(0.1mM、0.5mM、2.5mM)預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS。刺激30min後,用4%多聚甲醛固定細胞進行免疫螢光試驗來偵測p65之亞細胞定位。HP-β-CD為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。(藍色為DAPI染色顯示細胞核,綠色為p65蛋白)。
巨噬細胞株RAW264.7給予2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮不同濃度(0.1mM、0.5mM、2.5mM)預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS。刺激30min後,用4%多聚甲醛固定細胞進行免疫螢光試驗來偵測p65之亞細胞定位。HP-β-CD為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。(藍色為DAPI染色顯示細胞核,綠色為p65蛋白)。
逆轉錄 PCR 擴增 (RT-PCR) :
細胞處理:RAW264.7給予不同濃度(0.1mM、0.5mM、2.5mM、10mM)之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮或者陽性藥物地塞米松(DXMS) 1 uM預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS,刺激6小時後,提取總RNA進行偵測炎症因子之偵測。HP-β-CD為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。
細胞處理:RAW264.7給予不同濃度(0.1mM、0.5mM、2.5mM、10mM)之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮或者陽性藥物地塞米松(DXMS) 1 uM預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS,刺激6小時後,提取總RNA進行偵測炎症因子之偵測。HP-β-CD為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。
RNA抽提與擴增:1)總RNA之抽提:按照Trizol抽提試劑說明書進行。細胞處理至指定時間點後,吸掉培養基,用PBS清洗2遍洗淨培養基。加入1ml三醇充分吹打裂解細胞(以下試劑均按1ml Trizol計算)。加入200ul氯仿,劇烈手搖混勻後室溫靜置3min。4℃ 12000g離心15min,取上層水相400ul至新管中,加入400ul異丙醇,手搖輕柔混勻,室溫靜置20min。4℃ 12000g離心10min,棄上清。加入500ul預冷之75%乙醇,4℃ 7500g離心10min,小心棄置上清液。風乾後加適量DEPC水溶解RNA沈澱。2) RNA定量:使用Nanodrop 2000核酸定量儀對RNA進行定量,並測定260/280nm波長下之OD比值,比值在1.8-2.0範圍內視為質量較好。3)逆轉錄反應:每個反應體系RNA總量為2ug,oligo dT 1ul,使用DEPC水調整反應體系為13ul。離心混勻後置於65℃預變性5min。預變性後立刻放於冰上,加入RT反應緩衝液 4ul,dNTP 2ul,逆向轉錄酶1ul。離心混勻後進行逆轉錄反應。逆轉錄反應條件為:42℃ 60min – 70℃ 10min – 4℃。4) PCR擴增反應參數:PCR擴增反應體系為:Taq酶預混液5ul,cDNA 1ul,引物 2ul, ddH2O 2ul。循環參數為:保持階段:95℃ 15min;循環階段(40個循環): 95℃ 10秒 - 56℃ 20秒- 72℃ 30秒;熔融曲線階段:95℃ 15秒- 60℃ 60秒- 95℃ 15秒- 60℃ 60秒。
IF 偵測 2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之原代腹腔巨噬細胞中 NF-κB p65 亞基之核移位。
原代腹腔巨噬細胞給予不同濃度(0.1mM、0.5mM、2.5mM) 2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮或者DXMS(地塞米松)1 uM預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS,刺激30min後,用4%多聚甲醛固定細胞進行免疫螢光試驗來偵測p65之亞細胞定位。其中HP-β-CD為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。(藍色為DAPI,綠色為p65蛋白)。
原代腹腔巨噬細胞給予不同濃度(0.1mM、0.5mM、2.5mM) 2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮或者DXMS(地塞米松)1 uM預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS,刺激30min後,用4%多聚甲醛固定細胞進行免疫螢光試驗來偵測p65之亞細胞定位。其中HP-β-CD為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。(藍色為DAPI,綠色為p65蛋白)。
3
實驗結果:
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮對周邊巨噬細胞株 RAW264.7 中 LPS 誘導之炎症信號傳導關鍵分子 NF-kB 之活化具有負性調控作用,並對其下游促炎因子之表現具有抑制作用。
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮對周邊巨噬細胞株 RAW264.7 中 LPS 誘導之炎症信號傳導關鍵分子 NF-kB 之活化具有負性調控作用,並對其下游促炎因子之表現具有抑制作用。
如圖1所示,RAW264.7細胞給予LPS刺激後NF-κB被磷酸化活化,而2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮可劑量依賴性地抑制此類上調變化。
如圖2所示,免疫螢光顯示,在LPS刺激30分鐘後,2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮可阻斷RAW264.7細胞中LPS刺激引起之NF-κB p65亞基之核移位。
同時,qRT-PCR結果顯示(圖3),2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮可顯著抑制LPS誘導引起之IL-6、iNOS、以及MCP-1之mRNA表現量之上調。
2β,3α,5α-
三羥基雄甾
-6-
酮抑制原代腹腔巨噬細胞中
LPS
誘導之炎症信號傳導關鍵分子
NF-kB
之入核。
如圖4所示,在原代分離培養之腹腔巨噬細胞中給予LPS刺激後NF-κB被磷酸化活化入核,而2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮可顯著抑制LPS刺激引起之NF-κB p65亞基之核移位。
實施例 2.
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之中樞微神經膠質細胞之炎症反應
1) 細胞:小鼠微神經膠質細胞株BV2,購自中國科學院上海生命科學研究院細胞資源中心;原代培養微神經膠質細胞。
2) 主要試劑:
HP-β-CD,購自西安德立生物科技有限公司;2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮由廣州市賽普特醫藥科技股份有限公司合成;脂多糖LPS (大腸桿菌0111: B4, Sigma, 目錄號L2630);抗體:抗p65 (Santa Cruz. sc-8008); 磷酸化NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1)兔mAb (細胞信號傳導技術(cell signaling technology),目錄號3033);p38抗體(CST, USA,目錄號9212) (1:1000);p-p38抗體(Thr 180/Tyr 182) (CST, USA,目錄號9216) (1:1000);杜爾博克氏改良伊格爾培養基(Gibco,目錄號10013608R);胎牛血清(FBS) (Gibco, 目錄號10091148);TRIzol®試劑(Life,15596-018)。
3) 主要設備:
細胞超淨台(Thermo,MSC-ADVANTAGE);CO2細胞培養箱(Thermo 3111,USA);倒置相差/螢光顯微鏡(Olympus IX71,Japan);台式低溫高速離心機(Eppendrof,German);化學發光成像儀(Bio-Rad,USA);垂直板電泳儀(Bio-Rad Mini-Protein II cells,USA);轉移電槽(Bio-Rad Mini Tran-Biot Transfer Cell, USA )
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之中樞微神經膠質細胞之炎症反應
1) 細胞:小鼠微神經膠質細胞株BV2,購自中國科學院上海生命科學研究院細胞資源中心;原代培養微神經膠質細胞。
2) 主要試劑:
HP-β-CD,購自西安德立生物科技有限公司;2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮由廣州市賽普特醫藥科技股份有限公司合成;脂多糖LPS (大腸桿菌0111: B4, Sigma, 目錄號L2630);抗體:抗p65 (Santa Cruz. sc-8008); 磷酸化NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1)兔mAb (細胞信號傳導技術(cell signaling technology),目錄號3033);p38抗體(CST, USA,目錄號9212) (1:1000);p-p38抗體(Thr 180/Tyr 182) (CST, USA,目錄號9216) (1:1000);杜爾博克氏改良伊格爾培養基(Gibco,目錄號10013608R);胎牛血清(FBS) (Gibco, 目錄號10091148);TRIzol®試劑(Life,15596-018)。
3) 主要設備:
細胞超淨台(Thermo,MSC-ADVANTAGE);CO2細胞培養箱(Thermo 3111,USA);倒置相差/螢光顯微鏡(Olympus IX71,Japan);台式低溫高速離心機(Eppendrof,German);化學發光成像儀(Bio-Rad,USA);垂直板電泳儀(Bio-Rad Mini-Protein II cells,USA);轉移電槽(Bio-Rad Mini Tran-Biot Transfer Cell, USA )
2. 實驗方法
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之微神經膠質細胞 BV2 之活化。 ( 圖 5)
取處於對數生長期之BV2細胞,用0.25%之胰酶消化細胞,調節細胞濃度,接種於6孔板上。24h後,用2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮預處理1小時,然後加入LPS (終濃度為100ng/ml);只加LPS處理為陽性對照;未加任何處理組為陰性對照。處理24h後,相差顯微鏡下觀察阿米巴樣細胞並計數,對資料進行統計分析。
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之微神經膠質細胞 BV2 之活化。 ( 圖 5)
取處於對數生長期之BV2細胞,用0.25%之胰酶消化細胞,調節細胞濃度,接種於6孔板上。24h後,用2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮預處理1小時,然後加入LPS (終濃度為100ng/ml);只加LPS處理為陽性對照;未加任何處理組為陰性對照。處理24h後,相差顯微鏡下觀察阿米巴樣細胞並計數,對資料進行統計分析。
西方墨點法偵測 2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮阻斷 LPS 誘導之 BV2 細胞炎症相關信號傳導關鍵分子 NF-κB 之磷酸化活化
處於對數生長期時之BV2細胞調整細胞密度接種於6孔板,隨機分為空白對照組(未加藥物)、LPS組、不同濃度(0.1 mM、0.5 mM、2.5 mM、10 mM)之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮組以及DXMS(地塞米松)陽性對照組。細胞接種24小時後,先用2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮或者DXMS預處理30min,然後加入終濃度100ng/ml LPS,刺激30min,M-PER試劑提取細胞總蛋白,BCA法測定蛋白濃度。取蛋白樣品20μg,加入5×SDS 蛋白上樣緩衝液,煮沸5 min 後,以10% SDS-聚丙烯醯胺凝膠電泳分離;之後用濕轉法轉移至PVDF膜,以5%脫脂奶粉室溫封閉1h;加稀釋後之一抗,4℃孵育過夜;TBST洗滌3次,每次5 min,加入相應二抗,室溫震盪孵育1 h,TBST洗滌3次,每次5min。化學發光法顯色拍照。
處於對數生長期時之BV2細胞調整細胞密度接種於6孔板,隨機分為空白對照組(未加藥物)、LPS組、不同濃度(0.1 mM、0.5 mM、2.5 mM、10 mM)之2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮組以及DXMS(地塞米松)陽性對照組。細胞接種24小時後,先用2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮或者DXMS預處理30min,然後加入終濃度100ng/ml LPS,刺激30min,M-PER試劑提取細胞總蛋白,BCA法測定蛋白濃度。取蛋白樣品20μg,加入5×SDS 蛋白上樣緩衝液,煮沸5 min 後,以10% SDS-聚丙烯醯胺凝膠電泳分離;之後用濕轉法轉移至PVDF膜,以5%脫脂奶粉室溫封閉1h;加稀釋後之一抗,4℃孵育過夜;TBST洗滌3次,每次5 min,加入相應二抗,室溫震盪孵育1 h,TBST洗滌3次,每次5min。化學發光法顯色拍照。
IF 偵測 2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制 LPS 誘導之原代微神經膠質細胞中 NF-κB p65 亞基之核移位。
原代微神經膠質細胞給予2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮不同濃度或者DXMS(地塞米松)0.5 uM預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS。刺激30min後,用4%多聚甲醛固定細胞進行免疫螢光試驗來偵測p65之亞細胞定位。其中HP-β-CD為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。(藍色為DAPI,綠色為p65蛋白,紅色為微神經膠質細胞標記物Iba-1蛋白)。
原代微神經膠質細胞給予2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮不同濃度或者DXMS(地塞米松)0.5 uM預處理30min後,加入100 ng/ml LPS。刺激30min後,用4%多聚甲醛固定細胞進行免疫螢光試驗來偵測p65之亞細胞定位。其中HP-β-CD為2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮溶劑。(藍色為DAPI,綠色為p65蛋白,紅色為微神經膠質細胞標記物Iba-1蛋白)。
3.
實驗結果:
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮藉由下調炎症信號傳導關鍵分子 NF-κB 而抑制 LPS 誘導之微神經膠質細胞株 BV2 之活化。
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮藉由下調炎症信號傳導關鍵分子 NF-κB 而抑制 LPS 誘導之微神經膠質細胞株 BV2 之活化。
如圖5所示,BV2細胞給予LPS刺激24小時後,細胞呈現明顯之活化形態,而2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮可劑量依賴性地減少活化形態之細胞數目。
如圖6所示,BV2細胞給予LPS刺激後NF-κB被磷酸化活化,而2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮可劑量依賴性地抑制此類上調變化;與單加LPS刺激組比較,0.5μM 2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮已經顯著抑制LPS刺激後NF-kB p65亞基Ser536磷酸化,同時p65總蛋白亦有顯著下調。
2β,3α,5α- 三羥基雄甾 -6- 酮抑制原代微神經膠質細胞中 LPS 誘導之炎症信號傳導關鍵分子 NF-kB 之入核。
如圖7所示,在原代分離培養之微神經膠質細胞中給予LPS刺激後NF-κB被磷酸化活化入核,而2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮可顯著抑制LPS刺激引起之NF-κB p65亞基之核移位。
如圖7所示,在原代分離培養之微神經膠質細胞中給予LPS刺激後NF-κB被磷酸化活化入核,而2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮可顯著抑制LPS刺激引起之NF-κB p65亞基之核移位。
吾人之實驗結果顯示,2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮藉由下調炎症通路關鍵分子NF-κB之表現來抑制LPS誘導之微神經膠質細胞及巨噬細胞之活化,強烈提示2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮具有拮抗炎症反應之作用。
圖1. 2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮阻斷LPS誘導之RAW264.7細胞炎症相關信號傳導關鍵分子NF-κB之磷酸化活化。西方墨點法(Western blot)偵測2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮抑制LPS誘導之NF-κB之磷酸化。
圖2. 免疫螢光(IF)偵測在2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮抑制LPS刺激之後巨噬細胞中NF-κB p65亞基之核移位。
圖3. qRT-PCR偵測在2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮抑制LPS刺激之後RAW264.7細胞中多種炎症因子(A:IL-6,B:iNOS,C:MCP-1) mRNA量之表現。
圖4. IF偵測在2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮抑制LPS刺激之後巨噬細胞中NF-κB p65亞基之核移位。
圖5. 2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮抑制LPS誘導之微神經膠質細胞BV2之活化。(A)相差顯微鏡術觀察BV2細胞之形態;(B)##:與正常對照組比較P
<0.01;**:與LPS處理組比較P
<0.01。
圖6. 西方墨點法偵測2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮阻斷LPS誘導之BV2細胞炎症相關信號傳導關鍵分子NF-κB之磷酸化活化。
圖7. IF偵測2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮抑制原代微神經膠質細胞中LPS誘導之炎症信號傳導關鍵分子NF-kB之入核。
Claims (7)
- 一種2β,3α,5α-三羥基雄甾-6-酮、其氘代物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽在製備治療患者之炎症反應之藥物中之用途。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該炎症反應為NF-κB信號傳導介導之炎症反應。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該炎症反應為周邊炎症反應或中樞神經系統炎症反應。
- 如請求項3之用途,其中該周邊炎症反應表現為巨噬細胞極化。
- 如請求項3之用途,其中該中樞神經系統炎症反應表現為微神經膠質細胞之活化。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該藥物亦包括另一治療劑。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中該患者係人。
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