TWI583308B - 稻之病害防治方法 - Google Patents
稻之病害防治方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI583308B TWI583308B TW101119115A TW101119115A TWI583308B TW I583308 B TWI583308 B TW I583308B TW 101119115 A TW101119115 A TW 101119115A TW 101119115 A TW101119115 A TW 101119115A TW I583308 B TWI583308 B TW I583308B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- rice
- treatment
- water
- seed
- compound
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
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Description
本發明係關於稻之病害防治方法。詳細而言,係關於藉由使有效成份直接作用於稻種子以防治稻病害之方法。
從事稻作上,稻病害及該對策係不論古今,皆為重要課題。因此,至今,研究顯示稻病害防治效果之各種有效成份,開發、商品化許多稻病害防治劑。
如此之稻病害防治劑係依據作為農藥製劑所設計之性質,採取各種施用型態。亦即,可列舉直接散佈於莖葉部之莖葉散佈、散佈於水田的田水面之水面施用、直接散佈於移植本田前之稻秧苗培育之育苗箱之苗箱施用、移植於本田後,施用於移植苗之側條部之側條施用、進一步對發芽前之稻種子直接施用藥劑之種子處理等。
前述各施用型態之差異係使農藥施用所需作業品質不同。尤其,近年來在日本從事農業人口減少及平均年齡的高齡化顯著,減輕農作業中勞動負擔成為當務之急,所以引進作業效率佳,有效率地防治病害蟲及雜草之技術、方法等成為不可或缺。因此,即使於前述施用型態中,種子處理係最簡便的方法之一。
現在的稻作係於播種稻種子時,通常會在這之前,先採取用以促進稻種子發芽之預措步驟。亦即,實施將稻種子浸漬於15℃左右的冷水,適當換水下持續6天程度,使
稻種子吸收水份之浸種步驟,及接著將此稻種子浸漬於30℃左右的溫水24小時程度,使曝露於熱中之催芽步驟。種子處理係於此等步驟前或步驟中施用藥劑。
將種子處理型態更加細分時,可列舉使用投入藥劑於前述預措步驟所使用的水的一次份量之藥液之種子浸漬、對預措步驟前之稻種子,散上粉末狀藥劑之種子粉衣、同樣地對預措步驟前之稻種子,滴下或噴霧溶於水的藥劑之種子塗抹、種子浸漬等之處理。
種子浸漬中加入規定量的藥劑於浸種步驟或催芽步驟所使用的水,攪拌成均勻藥液之作業係必要的,但剩餘的作業內容與通常的預措步驟無任何改變。另一方面,於粉衣處理、塗抹處理及噴霧處理係加入稻種子與規定量的藥劑於市售的種子處理裝置,將所排出的稻種子供予預措步驟即可。任一種方法與散佈藥劑於廣大的水田之其他方法相比較,亦非常簡便。因此,期待藉由使用可進行種子處理之稻病害防治劑,減輕稻作中勞動負擔,揭示專利文獻1記載的方法等之幾個例子。
然而,種子處理係對稻子一生中最不成熟的纖弱狀態之種子,使直接觸高濃度藥劑之方法,所以有容易發生藥害的問題。因此,理論上有幾種可使用於種子處理之藥劑,但現在於種子處理中,作為對稻子的安全性高,可實際上適用於種子處理,經農藥註冊的藥劑,僅少許而已。
另外,所謂種子處理之施用型態係具有處理藥劑後,至迎接稻子病害發生時期之期間比其他防治方法長之特徵
。因此,對於較後期(例如稻子生長發育後期)發生的稻病害,不能使種子處理的有效成份的效能持續,有不能充份發揮防治效果之問題。因此,現在,藉由種子處理之稻病害防治係以專門防治至幼苗期之稻病害為目的所進行。對於之後發生的稻病害,另外於對象稻病害的發生時期前後,散佈藥劑於水田之農作業係必須的,藉由種子處理以減輕勞動負擔仍不充份。
另外,粉衣處理、塗抹處理等於有效成份之物理利用率上亦抱有課題。藉由此等處理,即使使有效成份附著於稻種子表面,於後續的預措步驟等中,因為稻種子幾次浸水後取出,所以一連串的操作中,一大半的有效成份被洗去。即使於浸漬處理,於預措步驟的最終階段浸漬時除外,此仍為符合者。因此,於此等處理中,為達成充份的防治效果,除了本來需要量之有效成份之外,必須預估前述的流失部份之多餘的有效成份量。此意味著種子處理(尤其粉衣處理或塗抹處理)係比散佈藥劑於水田之方法,需要更多的藥劑,即使可幫助農作業的省力化而可獲得好評,但不能否定是不利經濟效應之方法者。
另一方面,作為稻病害防治劑之有效成份之一,已知3-(3,4-二氯異噻唑-5-基甲氧基)-1,2-苯并噻唑-1,1-二氧化物(以下有時稱為化合物1)(專利文獻2)。然而,使化合物1作用於稻種子時之有效性、施用量、藥害(安全性)等,未被具體地檢討,作為種子處理劑之化合物1之實用性完全不知明。
[專利文獻1]特開2001-342105號公報
[專利文獻2]國際公開第2007/129454號
本發明係有鑑於前述之問題點,以提供對稻之安全性高,並且簡便且有效率,勞動負擔少,可發揮充份效果之稻之病害防治方法為目的。
為達成前述目的,本發明者等就各方面努力檢討之結果係發現使化合物1直接作用於發芽前之稻種子的方法,係使稻子不發生藥害,經過從該稻種子發芽至收穫之長期間,可以持續病害防治效果,尤其以比藉由粉衣處理或塗抹處理以散佈藥劑於水田之方法少之藥劑量,可發揮優異的病害防治效果,達到完成本發明。
亦即,本發明之實施型態係如後所述。
(1)使用如後述化1所示化合物之3-(3,4-二氯異噻唑-5-基甲氧基)-1,2-苯并噻唑-1,1-二氧化物作為有效成份之農藥組成物(農藥製劑),對播種前之稻種子,進行選自浸漬處理、粉衣處理、塗抹處理、噴霧處理之至少
一種處理為特徵之稻之病害防治方法。
(2)對播種前之稻種子,進行粉衣處理或塗抹處理為特徵(1)記載之方法。
(3)以每150g之稻種子,0.3~0.7g的比率,使用3-(3,4-二氯異噻唑-5-基甲氧基)-1,2-苯并噻唑-1,1-二氧化物,進行處理為特徵(2)記載之方法。
(4)如(1)~(3)中任一項記載之方法,其係防治稻之稻熱病。
(5)如(1)~(4)中任一項記載之方法,其於稻之生長發育後期(例如出穗前15天至出穗後25天之間),不進行病害防治處理。
依據本發明,不伴隨著稻之藥害,以少的勞動負擔,可有效地防治稻病害。尤其對稻之稻熱病達到效果,亦可防治至今仍為問題之因藥劑耐性菌之稻之稻熱病。另外,該病害防治效果係因自育苗期持續至收穫期,所以於稻子的生育後期,無須追加病害防治作業。另外,於進行本發明中之粉衣處理或塗抹處理之實施型態,可以比慣用的防治方法少量的藥劑,防治稻之病害,就安全性、經濟性上係更有效的。
本發明係使用後述化1所示化合物之3-(3,4-二氯異
噻唑-5-基甲氧基)-1,2-苯并噻唑-1,1-二氧化物作為有效成份。此化合物(以下稱為化合物1)之製造方法係揭示於前述專利文獻2,於取得時無特別的障礙。
本發明中,使用化合物1作為有效成份之農藥組成物(農藥製劑),對播種前之稻種子,進行選自浸漬處理、粉衣處理、塗抹處理、噴霧處理之至少一種處理。舉例浸漬處理係使用加入藥劑於預措步驟所使用的水的一次份之藥液之方法。另外,舉例粉衣處理係對預措步驟前之稻種子散佈粉末狀藥劑之方法,舉例塗抹處理或噴霧處理係對預措步驟前之稻種子,滴下或噴霧溶解於水的藥劑之方法。
作為藥劑型態,可使用化合物1本身,因應所需,亦可於化合物1中摻混一般所使用之添加成份作為農藥輔助劑,使用製劑成乳劑、粉劑、水合劑、粒狀水合劑、水懸劑等型態之組成物使用。後者的情況係對照實際的處理型態,選擇適當的劑型使用即可。例如,若進行種子粉衣時,因為必須附著化合物的粉末於種子,所以粉劑等之粉狀
製劑組成物為適宜。另一方面,因為種子浸漬、種子塗抹及種子噴霧係將藥劑以水稀釋成規定濃度使用,所以容易使用乳劑或水懸劑等之液狀製劑組成物、或設計成藥劑充份地分散、懸浮於水中之水合劑或粒狀水合劑等之固體製劑組成物。然而,關於型態或與處理方法之組合,並非局限於前述者。
作為前述農藥輔助劑,可列舉固體載體或液體載體等之載體、界面活性劑、結合劑、黏著賦予劑、增黏劑、著色劑、擴展劑、展著劑、抗凍劑、防結塊劑、崩壞劑、防止分解劑等。其他係因應需要,亦可使用防腐劑或植物片等作為添加成份。此等添加成份係可單獨使用,或亦可組合2種以上使用。
作為固體載體,可舉例如石英、黏土、高嶺土、葉蠟石、絹雲母、滑石、膨潤土、酸性白土、綠波縷石、沸石、矽藻土等之天然礦物質類;碳酸鈣、硫酸銨、硫酸鈉、氯化鉀等之無機鹽類;合成矽酸、合成矽酸鹽、澱粉、纖維素、植物粉末等之有機固體載體;聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯等之塑膠載體等。
作為液體載體,可舉例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、異丙醇、丁醇等之一元醇類;乙二醇、二乙二醇、丙二醇、己二醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、甘油等之多油醇類;丙烯系甘醇醚等之多元醇系化合物類;丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁酮、二異丁酮、環己酮等之酮類;乙醚、二噁酮、乙二醇單乙醚、二丙醚、四氫呋喃等之醚類;正烷烴(normal
paraffin)、環烷、異構鏈烷烴、煤油、礦物油等之脂肪族烴類;苯、甲苯、二甲苯、溶劑油、烷基萘等之芳香族烴類;二氯乙烷、氯仿、四氯化碳等之鹵化烴類;醋酸乙酯、鄰苯二甲酸二異丙酯、鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯、鄰苯二甲酸二辛酯、己二酸二甲酯等之酯類;γ-丁內酯等之內酯類;二甲基甲醯胺、二乙基甲醯胺、二甲基乙醯胺、N-烷基吡咯二酮等之醯胺類;乙腈等之腈類;二甲亞碸等之硫化物類、大豆油、菜籽油、棉籽油、萞麻子油等之植物油;水等。
作為界面活性劑,可舉例如山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯樹脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸二酯、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯二烷基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚甲醛縮合物、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段聚合物、烷基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段聚合物醚、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸醯胺、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸雙酚醚、聚伸烷基苯甲基苯基醚、聚氧伸烷基苯乙烯基苯基醚、乙炔二醇、聚氧伸乙基加成乙炔二醇、聚氧乙烯萞麻油、聚氧乙烯硬化萞麻油等之非離子性界面活性劑;烷基硫酸鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基醚硫酸鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚硫酸鹽、聚氧乙烯苯乙烯基苯基醚硫酸鹽、烷基苯磺酸鹽、木質磺酸鹽、烷基磺基琥珀酸鹽、萘磺酸鹽、烷基萘磺酸鹽、萘磺酸甲醛縮合物的鹽、烷基萘磺酸甲醛縮合物的鹽、脂肪酸鹽、聚羧酸鹽、N-甲基脂肪酸肌胺酸鹽、樹脂酸鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基醚
磷酸鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚磷酸鹽等之陰離子性界面活性劑;月桂基胺鹽酸鹽、硬脂醯胺鹽酸鹽、油胺鹽酸鹽、硬脂醯胺醋酸鹽、硬脂醯胺基丙胺醋酸鹽、烷基三甲基氯化銨、烷基二甲基殺藻銨、聚氧乙烯烷基胺鹽等之陽離子界面活性劑;烷基胺脂肪酸鹽、烷基甜菜鹼、烷基胺氧化物等之兩性界面活性劑;聚醚改性聚二甲基矽氧烷、聚甲基烷基矽氧烷等之聚矽氧烷系界面活性劑;全氟烷基磺酸、全氟烷基羧酸、全氟辛基乙醇等之氟系界面活性劑等。
作為結合劑或黏著賦予劑,可舉例如羧甲基纖維素或其鹽、糊精、水溶性澱粉、黃原膠、瓜爾豆膠、蔗糖、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、阿拉伯膠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醋酸酯、聚丙烯酸鈉、平均分子量為6000~20000之聚乙二醇、平均分子量為10萬~500萬之聚氧化乙烯、腦磷脂、卵磷脂等。
作為增黏劑,可舉例如黃原膠、瓜爾豆膠、威蘭膠(Welan Gum)、羧甲基纖維素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧乙烯聚合物、丙烯酸系聚合物、澱粉系化合物及水溶性多醣類之水溶性高分子;如高純度膨潤土、發煙二氧化矽之無機微粉等。
作為著色劑,可舉例如氧化鐵、氧化鈦、普魯士藍之無機顏料;如茜素染料、偶氮染料、金屬酞菁染料之有機染料等。
作為擴展劑,可舉例如聚矽氧烷系界面活性劑、纖維素粉末、糊精、加工澱粉、聚胺基羧酸螯合物、交聯聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、馬來酸與苯乙烯類之共聚物、(甲基)丙烯
酸系共聚物、多元醇而成之聚合物與二羧酸酐之半酯、聚苯乙烯磺酸之水溶性鹽等。
作為展著劑,可舉例如石蠟、萜烯、聚醯胺樹脂、聚丙烯酸鹽、聚氧乙烯、蠟、聚乙烯烷基醚、烷基苯酚甲醛縮合物、合成樹脂乳膠等。
作為抗凍劑,可舉例如乙二醇、二乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油等之多元醇類;尿素等。
作為防結塊劑,可舉例如澱粉、褐藻酸、甘露糖、半乳糖等之多醣類、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、發煙二氧化矽、脂膠、石油樹脂等。
作為崩壞劑,可舉例如三聚磷酸鈉、六偏磷酸鈉、硬脂酸金屬鹽、纖維素粉末、糊精、甲基丙烯酸酯系共聚物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚胺基羧酸螯合物、磺化苯乙烯.異丙烯.馬來酸酐共聚物、澱粉.聚丙烯腈接枝共聚物等。
作為防止分解劑,可舉例如沸石、生石灰、氧化鎂等之乾燥劑;水楊酸系、二苯甲酮系等之紫外線吸收劑;硫酸、醋酸、醋酸鈉、磷酸、磷酸氫銨、磷酸二氫鉀、磷酸鈉、硼酸、硼酸鈉、碳酸氫鈉、碳酸鈉、氫氧化鈉或此等之混合物等之pH調整劑等。
作為防腐劑,可舉例如山梨酸鉀、1,2-苯并噻唑啉-3-酮等。
作為植物片,可舉例如鋸屑、椰殼、玉蜀黍穗軸、菸草莖等。
另外,藉由常法可製造如此藥劑,可舉例如後述之製
造方法。
(1)將化合物1、界面活性劑及其他因應所需所添加之農藥輔助劑,溶解於有機溶劑等之液體載體之乳劑的製造方法。
(2)將化合物1、固體載體及其他因應所需所添加之農藥輔助劑,以適當的粉碎機混合粉碎之粉劑的製造方法。
(3)將化合物1、界面活性劑、固體載體及其他因應所需所添加之農藥輔助劑,以適當的粉碎機混合粉碎之水合劑的製造方法。
(4)於化合物1、界面活性劑及其他因應所需所添加之農藥輔助劑之混合物(可預先將其部份或全部粉碎),加入適當量的水,進行混練後,自開孔成規定孔徑的濾網擠壓造粒,進行乾燥之粒狀水合劑之製造方法。
(5)將化合物1、界面活性劑及其他因應所需所添加之農藥輔助劑,分散於水等之液體載體,以適當的粉碎機進行混合粉碎之水懸劑的製造方法。
藥劑中化合物1之含有比率係相對於總量,以質量基準通常選自30~95%,以50~90%之範圍為宜。各農藥輔助劑之含有比率係依前述化合物1之含有比率或選擇的劑型而異,但通常選自5~70%,以10~50%之範圍為宜。尤其,於供予種子粉衣、種子塗抹或種子噴霧之製劑組成物,就藥劑附著於稻種子的表面積有限之情況,含有濃厚的化合物1(例如含有50%以上,以80%以上為宜)之製劑為宜。
本發明中化合物1之施用量,雖舉例每150g之稻種子之乾燥重量,為0.1~1.3g程度,但範圍以0.1~1g為宜,以0.3~0.7g更好。尤其,於粉衣處理或塗抹處理中,違反該業界之技術常識,即使以播種後通常施用量之一半程度,每150g之稻種子之乾燥重量,為0.3~0.7g,仍可達到充份效果為特徵。
進而,本發明係依據所需,亦可與該實施同時或前後,以其他的稻之病害蟲防治劑進行種子處理。在此所說的其他稻之病害蟲防治劑,可舉例如歐索林酸(Oxolinic acid)、咪鮮胺(Prochloraz)、種菌唑(Ipconazole)、氫氧化銅、賽福座(Triflumizole)、秋蘭姆(thiuram)、披扶座(pefurazoate)、免賴得(benomyl)、鹼性氯化銅、咯菌腈(Fludioxonil)等之殺菌劑;木黴(Trichoderma atroviride)、塔拉黴(Talaromyces flavus)等之顯示稻病害防治活性之有效微生物;MEP、培丹(Cartap)、益達胺(imidacloprid)等之殺蟲劑,但不受此等限制,只要可適用於種子處理之稻之病害蟲防治劑,可任意併用。
前述中,尤其有效的微生物其本身為菌,與其他殺菌劑混合使用時,常有失活之問題發生,但因為化合物1對Trichoderma atroviride等之微生物不造成影響,所以可併用為適當的組合。
另外,將化合物1與其他的稻之病害蟲防治劑,同時進行種子處理時,分別準備各單獨型態之有效成份或其製
劑組成物,亦可以使用時混合之現場調合物之型態,亦即桶混(tank mix)之型態使用,亦可適用預先包裝含兩方有效成份之混合劑之單一製劑組成物之型態,亦即預拌之型態。
施以種子處理之稻種子係依據常法,亦即播種於舖滿土壤的育苗箱,使於適當管理下發芽即可。每1個30cm×60cm的育苗箱,播種的稻種子量,通常為100~200g,以150g程度為宜。
或將施以種子處理之稻種子,直接播種於水田。此時,每10公畝的水田,播種的稻種子量,通常為2000~4000g,以3000g程度為宜。
本發明係因為藉由前述處理,使病害防治效果自育苗期持續至收穫期,所以於如此播種後,尤其稻的生長發育後期(例如出穗前15天至出穗後25天之間),無須重新進行病害防治處理,亦為特徵。另外,於播種後之全部的生長發育期間亦可不進行病害蟲防治處理,相對地,亦不限制播種後再次進行病害蟲防治處理。
如此地,本發明之稻病害防治方法係保留所謂種子處理之處理型態中優點之作業勞動簡便性,克服該處理型態課題之對稻的安全性、經濟性及長期殘效性等之非常有效且實用者。
以下,敍述關於本發明實施例,但本發明並非僅局限於此等實施例者,於本發明之技術思想內,可有此等之各種變法。
另外,後述實施例及比較例中,「份」係指「質量份」。另外,關於稻種子之品種,分別供予試驗於實施例1~4及比較例1~7為「一目惚」,實施例5~6及比較例8~9為「越光」。
藉由將85份之化合物1、1份之烷基苯磺酸鹽、5份之木質磺酸鹽、4份之聚乙烯醇及5份之矽藻土,使用衝擊式粉碎機,進行混合粉碎,得到含有85%之化合物1之水合劑。
藉由混合50份之化合物1、5份之聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚、6份之木質磺酸鹽、0.24份之黃原膠、0.02份之二甲基聚矽氧烷及38.74份的水,使用以玻璃珠為粉碎介質之濕式粉碎機,進行粉碎,得到含有50%之化合物1之水懸劑。
將市售之粒狀水合劑:商品名「側條Oryzaemate顆粒水合劑(Meiji Seika Pharma股份有限公司製品)」供予試驗。本品係含有48%之撲殺熱(Probenazole)作為稻之病
害防治劑。
將2份之化合物1、0.35份之烷基苯磺酸鹽、3份之水溶性澱粉及91.65份之黏土,加入適量的水,進行混煉後,使用擠出造粒機,自孔徑為0.8mm的濾網擠出造粒。使用流動層乾燥機,以品溫70℃進行乾燥,藉由篩選而得到含有2%之化合物1。
將市售之粒狀水合劑:商品名「Firstorizepurinsu粒劑6(Meiji Seika Pharma股份有限公司製品)」供予試驗。本品係含有20%之撲殺熱(Probenazole)作為稻之病害防治劑之外,含有0.6%之殺蟲劑FIPRONIL。
混合10g之乾燥稻種子及67μl的水,使稻種子潮濕。於其中加入0.05g之製劑例1之水合劑(0.043g之化合物1,相當於每150g之稻種子為0.64g),充份混合,對稻種子粉衣有效成份。浸漬此稻種子於40ml的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將3.7g之此稻種子,播種於充填土壤之直徑為7.5cm之塑膠杯。
將製劑例2之水懸劑,以水稀釋成7.5倍。加入0.3ml之前述稀釋液於10g之乾燥稻種子(0.020g之化合物1,相當於每150g之稻種子為0.30g),充份混合,對稻種子塗抹有效成份。浸漬此稻種子於40ml的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將3.7g之此稻種子,播種於充填土壤之直徑為7.5cm之塑膠杯。
將製劑例1之水合劑,以水稀釋成200倍。將10g之乾燥稻種子浸漬於20ml之前述的稀釋液(0.085g之化合物1,相當於每150g之稻種子為1.3g),於15℃下,浸種1天後,捨棄藥液,加入40ml的水,於15℃下,浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將3.7g之此稻種子,播種於充填土壤之直徑為7.5cm之塑膠杯。
將10g之乾燥稻種子,浸漬於40ml的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,捨棄水,加入20ml之將製劑例1之水合劑以溫水稀釋成200倍之藥液(0.085g之化合物1,相當於每150g之稻種子為1.3g),於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將3.7g之此稻種子,播
種於充填土壤之直徑為7.5cm之塑膠杯。
混合150g之乾燥稻種子及1ml的水,使稻種子潮濕。於其中加入0.75g之製劑例1之水合劑(0.64g之化合物1),充份混合,對稻種子粉衣有效成份。浸漬此稻種子於1L的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將此稻種子總量,播種於充填土壤之30cm×60cm之育苗箱。
將製劑例2之水懸劑,以水稀釋成7.5倍。加入4.5ml之前述稀釋液於150g之乾燥稻種子(0.30g之化合物1),充份混合,對稻種子塗抹有效成份。浸漬此稻種子於1L的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將此稻種子總量,播種於充填土壤之30cm×60cm之育苗箱。
取代製劑例1之水合劑,使用對照劑1之粒狀水合劑磨碎物(0.024g之撲殺熱(Probenazole),相當於每150g之稻種子為0.36g)。其餘步驟則是進行與實施例1
相同的操作。
取代製劑例2之水懸劑,使用以乳缽將對照劑1之粒狀水合劑磨碎物(0.019g之撲殺熱(Probenazole),相當於每150g之稻種子為0.29g)。其餘步驟則是進行與實施例2相同的操作。
取代製劑例1之水合劑,使用對照劑1之粒狀水合劑(0.048g之撲殺熱(Probenazole),相當於每150g之稻種子為0.72g)。其餘步驟則是進行與實施例3相同的操作。
取代製劑例1之水合劑,使用對照劑1之粒狀水合劑(0.048g之撲殺熱(Probenazole),相當於每150g之稻種子為0.72g)。其餘步驟則是進行與實施例4相同的操作。
將10g之乾燥稻種子,浸漬於40ml的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將3.7g之此稻種子,播
種於充填土壤之直徑為7.5cm之塑膠杯,再處理1.2g之對照劑2之粒劑(0.025g之化合物1,相當於每150g之稻種子為1.0g)。
將10g之乾燥稻種子,浸漬於40ml的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將3.7g之此稻種子,播種於充填土壤之直徑為7.5cm之塑膠杯,再處理1.2g之對照劑3之粒劑(0.25g之撲殺熱(Probenazole),相當於每150g之稻種子為10g)。
將10g之乾燥稻種子,浸漬於40ml的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將3.7g之此稻種子,播種於充填土壤之直徑為7.5cm之塑膠杯。
另外,有時亦稱此比較例7之作物區分為「無處理區」。
將150g之乾燥稻種子,浸漬於1L的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將此稻種子總量,播種於充填土壤之30cm×60cm之育苗箱,再處理50g之對照劑2
之粒劑(相當於1.0g之化合物1)。
將150g之乾燥稻種子,浸漬於1L的水,於15℃下,浸種1天後,換水,再浸種4天。接著,將水換成溫水,於30℃下進行催芽處理1天。將此稻種子總量,播種於充填土壤之30cm×60cm之育苗箱。
另外,有時亦稱此比較例9之作物區為「無處理區」。
覆土於實施例1~4及比較例1~7之塑膠杯,放入設定成30℃之加溫育苗器3天,使發芽,確認該時間點之發芽狀況。該結果如圖1表示。接著,將此杯移動至溫室,以20℃管理。播種14天後,對於作物高度之生長發育狀況,進行大致調查,將生長發育抑制程度,以0(等同於無處理區)~10(枯死)之11個階段評估。該結果如表1所示。
各實施例之方法係認為任一種皆無藥害,顯示與對稻子使用化合物1之播種時處理之比較例5(苗箱施用)相同的安全性。另一方面,使用撲殺熱之比較例之方法,於播種時處理之比較例6雖無問題,但於進行種子處理之比較例1~4,認為即使撲殺熱處理量未達前述比較例6的十分之一,全部仍有出芽延遲或生長發育受抑制等之藥害。
(試驗例2)
覆土於實施例5~6及比較例8~9之育苗箱,放入設定成30℃之加溫育苗器3天,使發芽。之後,將育苗箱移入塑膠溫室內7天,再露地育苗1天,將生長發育至3~4葉期之稻,移植至0.5公畝的湛水水田。移植58天後進行調查,對於40株之各作物區,將各株之葉稻熱病之發病程度,依據後述所示表2之基準,評估病斑面積,由此
求出病斑面積比率,算出防治價。結果如表3表示。
各實施例之方法係以比播種時處理化合物1之比較例8(苗箱施用)少的使用藥量,對葉稻熱病發揮相同以上之防治效果。
將本發明摘要,如後所述。
亦即,本發明係以提供對稻之安全性高,並且簡便且
有效率,勞動負擔少,可發揮充份效果之稻之病害防治方法為目的。
接著,藉由使用3-(3,4-二氯異噻唑-5-基甲氧基)-1,2-苯并噻唑-1,1-二氧化物作為有效成份之農藥組成物,對發芽前之稻種子,進行選自浸漬處理、粉衣處理、塗抹處理、噴霧處理之至少一種處理,稻子不發生藥害,經過從該稻種子發芽至收穫之長期間,可以持續病害防治效果。
[圖1]表示將實施例1~4及比較例1~6所得者,進行覆土,確認於30℃下3天後之出芽狀況者(圖式代用照片)。各例照片內6作物區中,左側3區為處理區,右側3區為無處理區(對照)。
Claims (2)
- 一種稻之病害防治方法,其特徵係使用如後述化1所示化合物之3-(3,4-二氯異噻唑-5-基甲氧基)-1,2-苯并噻唑-1,1-二氧化物作為有效成份之農藥組成物,對播種前之稻種子,進行粉衣處理或塗抹處理,且此時係以每150g之稻種子0.3~0.7g之該有效成份的比率進行處理,在使稻子不發生藥害下從育苗期至收穫期為止防治稻之病害,且於稻之生長發育後期亦不需再進行病害防治處理,
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其係防治稻之稻熱病。
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| TW101119115A TWI583308B (zh) | 2011-05-31 | 2012-05-29 | 稻之病害防治方法 |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP6006203B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR101902041B1 (zh) |
| CN (2) | CN103763919A (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR086614A1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI583308B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2012165511A1 (zh) |
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| EP4574819A1 (en) | 2023-12-22 | 2025-06-25 | Basf Se | Diazinone compounds for the control of invertebrate pests |
| EP4640052A1 (en) | 2024-04-24 | 2025-10-29 | Basf Se | Mixtures of strobilurin type compounds for combating phytopathogenic fungi containing an amino acid substitution f129l in the mitochondrial cytochrome b protein conferring resistance to qo inhibitors with at least one further pesticide i |
| WO2025223904A1 (en) | 2024-04-24 | 2025-10-30 | Basf Se | Mixtures of strobilurin type compounds for combating phytopathogenic fungi containing an amino acid substitution f129l in the mitochondrial cytochrome b protein conferring resistance to qo inhibitors with at least one further pesticide i |
| WO2026012814A1 (en) | 2024-07-10 | 2026-01-15 | Basf Se | Compositions and methods to enhance crop yield and plant health |
| WO2026021912A1 (en) | 2024-07-23 | 2026-01-29 | Basf Se | New substituted benzothiazine pyridine compounds for combatting phytopathogenic fungi |
| WO2026021909A1 (en) | 2024-07-23 | 2026-01-29 | Basf Se | New substituted benzothiazine pyridine compounds for combatting phytopathogenic fungi |
| WO2026021910A1 (en) | 2024-07-23 | 2026-01-29 | Basf Se | New substituted benzothiazine pyridine compounds for combatting phytopathogenic fungi |
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| CN101437806A (zh) * | 2006-05-08 | 2009-05-20 | 组合化学工业株式会社 | 1,2-苯并异噻唑衍生物及农业或园艺用植物病害防除剂 |
| JP2010155807A (ja) * | 2008-12-27 | 2010-07-15 | Kumiai Chem Ind Co Ltd | 農園芸用有害生物防除剤及び有害生物の防除方法 |
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| JP5448186B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-23 | 2014-03-19 | キャタピラー エス エー アール エル | 作業機械の電動機トルク制御装置 |
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- 2012-05-29 TW TW101119115A patent/TWI583308B/zh active
- 2012-05-30 CN CN201280026356.1A patent/CN103763919A/zh active Pending
- 2012-05-30 WO PCT/JP2012/063999 patent/WO2012165511A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2012-05-30 JP JP2013518141A patent/JP6006203B2/ja active Active
- 2012-05-30 KR KR1020137031752A patent/KR101902041B1/ko active Active
- 2012-05-30 CN CN201611081914.0A patent/CN106900721A/zh active Pending
- 2012-05-31 AR ARP120101912A patent/AR086614A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101437806A (zh) * | 2006-05-08 | 2009-05-20 | 组合化学工业株式会社 | 1,2-苯并异噻唑衍生物及农业或园艺用植物病害防除剂 |
| JP2010155807A (ja) * | 2008-12-27 | 2010-07-15 | Kumiai Chem Ind Co Ltd | 農園芸用有害生物防除剤及び有害生物の防除方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI776480B (zh) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-09-01 | 國立屏東科技大學 | 稻熱病熱點預警數值分析方法及其模型系統 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101902041B1 (ko) | 2018-09-27 |
| CN106900721A (zh) | 2017-06-30 |
| JP6006203B2 (ja) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN103763919A (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
| KR20140037860A (ko) | 2014-03-27 |
| WO2012165511A1 (ja) | 2012-12-06 |
| TW201311146A (zh) | 2013-03-16 |
| JPWO2012165511A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
| AR086614A1 (es) | 2014-01-08 |
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