CN109197889A - 一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物 - Google Patents
一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109197889A CN109197889A CN201811032356.8A CN201811032356A CN109197889A CN 109197889 A CN109197889 A CN 109197889A CN 201811032356 A CN201811032356 A CN 201811032356A CN 109197889 A CN109197889 A CN 109197889A
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- Prior art keywords
- seed treatment
- pyraclostrobin
- carboxin
- clothianidin
- seed
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物的活性成分包括吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺，所述吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺重量比为1‑20:1‑20:5‑50，其中吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺占组合物的重量百分含量为10％～75％；本发明种子处理组合物的剂型包括种子处理悬浮剂、种子处理乳剂、种子处理液剂、种子处理可分散粉剂、种子处理微囊悬浮剂、种子处理微囊悬浮‑悬浮剂；本发明的种子处理组合物协同增效作用明显，尤其对花生立枯病、花生根腐病和花生蛴螬增效显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，涉及一种种子处理组合物，具体涉及含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物。
背景技术
吡唑醚菌酯(Pyraclostrobin)，化学名称为：N-[2-[[1-(4-氯苯)-1H-吡唑-3-基]氧甲基]苯基]-N-甲氧氨基甲酸甲酯，分子式为：C19H18ClN3O4，是醚菌酯类杀菌剂，具有更宽的杀菌谱和更高的杀菌活性，其主要通过抑制葡萄糖磷酰化有关的转移，并抑制真菌菌丝体的生长，最终导致病菌死亡，作用机理独特，与现有杀菌剂无交互抗性。吡唑醚菌酯能控制子囊菌纲、担子菌纲、半知菌纲、卵菌纲等大多数病害，对孢子萌发及叶内菌丝体的生长有很强的抑制作用，具有保护和治疗活性，具有渗透性及局部内吸活性，持效期长，耐雨水冲刷。吡唑醚菌酯被广泛用于防治小麦、水稻、花生、葡萄、蔬菜、马铃薯、香蕉、果树、核桃、茶树、烟草和观赏植物、草坪上的病害，该化合物不仅毒性低，对非靶标生物安全，而且对使用者和环境均安全友好。
萎锈灵(carboxin)属于苯酰胺类化合物，化学名称：5,6-二氢-2-甲基-1,4-氧硫杂-3-甲酰替苯胺，分子式：C12H13NO2S，是一种具有内吸作用的杂环类杀菌剂。它能渗入萌芽的种子而杀死种子内的病菌，对植物生长有刺激作用，并可使增产。用于防治由锈菌、黑粉菌、立枯丝核菌等在多种作物上引起的病害。
噻虫胺，化学名称：(E)-1-(2-氯-1,3-噻唑-5-基甲基)-3-甲基-2-2-硝基胍，是一类高效安全、高选择性的新型杀虫剂，其作用与烟碱乙酰胆碱受体类似，具有触杀、胃毒和内吸活性。主要用于水稻、蔬菜、果树及其他作物上防治蚜虫、叶蝉、蓟马、飞虱等半翅目、鞘翅目、双翅目和某些鳞翅目类害虫的杀虫剂，具有高效、广谱、用量少、毒性低、药效持效期长、对作物无药害、使用安全、与常规农药无交互抗性等优点，有卓越的内吸和渗透作用，是替代高毒有机磷农药的又一品种。
农作物在种植和生长过程中，种子质量的好坏直接影响作物的生长，而种子从播种到成苗阶段易受由种子携带和土壤中的病原菌侵染、昆虫啃食，造成种子腐烂、残缺等问题，影响种子的发芽、生长，降低播种成苗率。种子带菌是引发疾病的初次浸染源，其在生长季节可引发病害的再侵染、发生、蔓延和危害；而种传病害发生后，对作物的生长、发育、产量和品质都有很大影响；昆虫除咬食种子，还咬食作物苗期的根茎，严重影响作物的成活率。
利用种衣剂对种子进行药剂处理是防治地下害虫及农作物土传、种传病害的经济简便的方法之一。种衣剂是一种用于作物或其他植物种子处理的、具有成膜特性的农药制剂，它能够在种子表面固化形成称为种衣的膜，所含的农药和种肥等物质缓慢释放，能够杀灭地下害虫、苗期害虫，具有防治苗期病害和系统性病害、提高种子发芽率、促进种苗健康生长等功效。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术问题的不足，提供一种具有协同增效和延缓抗性以及防治普广的种子处理组合物，所述种子处理组合物的活性成分包括吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案实现：
一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物，活性成分包括吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺，其中，吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺重量比为1-20:1-20:5-50。
进一步的，所述吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺重量比优选为1-10:1-10:5-30。
进一步的，所述吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺重量比再优选为1-8:1-5:10-25。
所述一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物，活性组分吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺占组合物的重量百分含量为10％～75％。
进一步的，活性组分吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺占组合物的重量百分含量优选为15％～50％。
本发明种子处理组合物可用已知的方法，加入活性成分与农药领域所公知的助剂制备成适合使用的剂型，包括但不限于种子处理悬浮剂、种子处理乳剂、种子处理液剂、种子处理可分散粉剂、种子处理微囊悬浮剂、种子处理微囊悬浮-悬浮剂等中的任一种。
所述助剂包括但不限于包括溶剂、分散剂、乳化剂、粘结剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、包膜剂、pH调节剂和染料。
进一步的，所述的溶剂为水丙酮、丁酮、环己酮、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲苯、四甲苯、吡咯烷酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、植物油、石油醚、乙腈、去离子水等中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述分散剂选自聚羧酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述乳化剂选自蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚、山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、农乳2201、农乳1601#、十二烷基苯磺酸钙中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述粘结剂选自聚乙烯醇、可溶性淀粉、黄原胶、蔗糖、羟乙基纤维素、可溶性淀粉、聚乙二醇、甲基纤维素、粘性高岭土，凹凸棒土、石蜡、松香中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述防冻剂选自乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、尿素、无机盐类(如氯化钠)、丙三醇、聚乙二醇、山梨醇、尿素中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述消泡剂选自硅油、硅酮类化合物、C10-20饱和脂肪酸类化合物、C8-10脂肪醇类、己醇、丁醇、辛醇中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述包膜剂选自聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚酯树脂、丙烯酸合成聚合物、丙烯酸树脂成膜剂、丁二烯树脂成膜剂、聚氨酯成膜剂、硝酸纤维成膜剂中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述pH调节剂选自氢氧化铵、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、盐酸、醋酸、柠檬酸、磷酸等中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述染料选自分散红、分散蓝、分散紫、活性红、活性蓝、活性黄中的一种。
本发明的种子处理组合物还可以与其它活性成分联合施用，所述其它活性成分例如杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、引诱剂、杀昆虫剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、植物生长调节剂、除草剂、安全剂、肥料或化学信息素等。
本发明创造性地将吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺复配或混配，可以防治禾谷类和经济作物上的多种病虫害，尤其对花生蛴螬、花生立枯病、花生根腐病有明显的增效作用。
本发明解决了背景技术中存在的缺陷，本发明具备以下有益效果：
(1)本发明所述的种子处理组合物是杀虫和除病的组合，能产生较高的增效作用，降低了有效成分使用量，减少用药次数，省时、省力，能同时防治多种虫害和病害，尤其对生蛴螬、花生立枯病、花生根腐病有明显的增效作用，降低了用药成本。
(2)本发明所述农药组合物以杀菌剂吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和杀虫剂噻虫胺进行复配或混配，混合后的组合物扩大了杀虫谱，一次施药既能防虫又除病。
(3)与单剂相比，所述组合物防效明显增加，持效期长，通过合理复配起到了增效作用，减少了用药次数、用药量，减少了对环境生态的危害。
(4)根据害虫和病原菌抗药性理论和实践，本发明组合物的应用能有效克服和延缓了病原菌和害虫抗药性的产生，延长农药的使用寿命。
(5)本发明的种子处理组合物，对种子安全，能显著促进种子萌芽和作物生长，进而提高作物产量。
具体实施方式
为更好地描述本发明，提供以下示例性实施方案。实施方案所提及的内容不能认为是对本发明的限定，材料配方的选择可以根据实际情况被其它等效或具有类似目的的替代特征加以替换。即，如无特别限定，每个特征只是一系列等效或类似特征的一个例子，本发明的技术方案的保护范围以权利要求限定为准。
一、制剂实施例
实施1：36％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂(3+5+28)
所述悬浮种衣剂的制备方法为：按上述配方将去离子水和分散剂、增稠剂、乳化剂、防冻剂、永固红、聚乙烯醇、消泡剂混合，经高速剪切混合均匀，加入吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵、噻虫胺，继续剪切混匀，然后进入卧式砂磨机中研磨，使制剂粒径全部在7μm以下，即得36％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂。
实施例2：24％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺种子处理乳剂(5+4+15)
该组合物种子处理乳剂的具体加工步骤为：1.按配方将吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵、噻虫胺等投入反应釜，然后投入DMF、二甲基亚砜、葵酰胺、二甲苯等溶剂；2.搅拌至物料全部溶解至透明；3.然后加入剩余的物料，如乳化剂等，搅拌至透明，即得24％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺种子处理乳剂。
实施例3：15％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺种子处理液剂(1.5+3.5+10)
所述种子处理液剂的制备方法为：1.按配方将吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵、噻虫胺使用溶剂二甲基亚砜、环已酮、葵酰胺、脱落酸、DMF、甲醇充分溶解至透明；2.然后加入乳化剂，搅拌溶液透明；3.将聚乙二醇-6000、脯氨酸然后加水搅拌溶解至透明；4.将步骤3.制作的水相液体加入步骤2.制作的液体中，搅拌至透明即可制得15％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺种子处理液剂。
实施例4：45％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂(3+2+40)
该组合物悬浮种衣剂的具体加工步骤为：1.按配方将吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵、噻虫胺等所有物料及部分水搅拌均匀后，下一步用胶体磨预处理均匀；2.将第一步的物料依次进入一二级砂磨机进行砂磨；3.将第二步和物料进行剪切匀浆，并加入余量的清洗水，剪切均匀即得45％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂。
实施例5：48％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂(5+8+35)
该组合物悬浮种衣剂的具体加工步骤为：1.按配方将吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵、噻虫胺等所有物料及部分水搅拌均匀后，下一步用胶体磨预处理均匀；2.将第一步的物料依次进入一二级砂磨机进行砂磨；3.将第二步和物料进行剪切匀浆，并加入余量的清洗水，剪切均匀即得48％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂。
实施例6：18.8％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺种子处理微囊悬浮剂(3.8+5+10)
该种子处理微囊悬浮剂的具体加工步骤为：1.按配方将吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵、噻虫胺等投入反应釜，然后加入囊材油相，加入部分乳化剂；2.在搅拌下加热至55-60℃，至形成透明的溶液；3.然后加入水，保温55-60℃并搅拌剪切下，然后加入水相及成膜剂，保温30分钟，然后降温至常温；3.将永固红、硅酸镁铝与部分乳化剂研磨成悬浮剂；4.如水在制作过程中加入过量，可在第三步完成后移出部分水分；5.将第3、4两步物料混合剪切约10-20分钟即得吡18.8％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵·噻虫胺种子处理微囊悬浮剂。
二、生物测定实施例
1、防治对象：花生立枯病、花生根腐病、花生蛴螬
2、试验方法：试验对象安排在湖南益阳市某花生地进行，应用实施例1-6的种子处理组合物处理花生种子，试验设置对照处理如下：(1)对照1：8.8％吡唑醚菌酯·萎锈灵悬浮种衣剂(3.8+5)；(2)对照2：32％吡唑醚菌酯·噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂(4+28)；(3)对照3：40％萎锈灵·噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂(2+38)；(4)对照4：18％吡唑醚菌酯悬浮种衣剂；(5)对照5：6％萎锈灵悬浮种衣剂；(6)对照6：48％噻虫胺悬浮种衣剂。分别用实施例和对照处理组的种子处理剂处理花生种子，晾干后播种，试验处理、用量和防治效果如表1所示，防效计算公式如下：
表1不同处理药剂对花生病虫害的防治
由上表1的生物测定试验结果可知，通过吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺组合应用于花生种子，能有效防治花生立枯病、花生根腐病和花生蛴螬，防病防虫，降低了劳动力强度，相比单一活性和两者复配的防效，该组合物协同增效显著，进而降低了用药量和用药成本，并且有利于生态环境的可持续发展，试验期间，未见处理的花生有药害产生，说明该组合物在推荐用药量范围内对作物安全，值得在市场上推广应用。
以上依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定技术性范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物的活性成分包括吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺，所述吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺重量比为1-20:1-20:5-50。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物，其特征在于：所述吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺重量比优选为1-10:1-10:5-30。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物，其特征在于：所述吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺重量比再优选为1-8:1-5:10-25。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物，其特征在于：所述吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺占组合物的重量百分含量为10％～75％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物，其特征在于：所述吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺占组合物的重量百分含量为10％～75％。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项权利要求所述的一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物，其特征在于：所述种子处理组合物的剂型为种子处理悬浮剂、种子处理乳剂、种子处理液剂、种子处理可分散粉剂、种子处理微囊悬浮剂、种子处理微囊悬浮-悬浮剂中的任一种。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种含吡唑醚菌酯、萎锈灵和噻虫胺的种子处理组合物用于防治农作物病虫害的用途。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途，其特征在于，所述的农作物病害为花生立枯病、花生根腐病和花生蛴螬。
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