TWI565975B - Polarizer and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Polarizer and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI565975B TWI565975B TW101125534A TW101125534A TWI565975B TW I565975 B TWI565975 B TW I565975B TW 101125534 A TW101125534 A TW 101125534A TW 101125534 A TW101125534 A TW 101125534A TW I565975 B TWI565975 B TW I565975B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- polarizing plate
- pva
- polarizing
- polarizing member
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 19
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- -1 triglycerin Chemical compound 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical class CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001893 acrylonitrile styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical compound I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REFDOIWRJDGBHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromobenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(Br)=C1 REFDOIWRJDGBHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWSRMCUJJQBDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12.C=C.C=C.C=C Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12.C=C.C=C.C=C OWSRMCUJJQBDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium iodide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[I-].[I-] UNMYWSMUMWPJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DKNPRRRKHAEUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iodine aqueous Chemical compound [K+].I[I-]I DKNPRRRKHAEUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000333 X-ray scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- CECABOMBVQNBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium iodide Chemical compound I[Al](I)I CECABOMBVQNBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007860 aryl ester derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940046413 calcium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001640 calcium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940105990 diglycerin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003518 norbornenyl group Chemical group C12(C=CC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004060 quinone imines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012192 staining solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QPBYLOWPSRZOFX-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) iodide Chemical compound I[Sn](I)(I)I QPBYLOWPSRZOFX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00634—Production of filters
- B29D11/00644—Production of filters polarizing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00865—Applying coatings; tinting; colouring
- B29D11/00894—Applying coatings; tinting; colouring colouring or tinting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/42—Polarizing, birefringent, filtering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/704—Crystalline
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
Description
本發明係有關於一種偏光件及其製造方法。又,本發明係有關於一種使用該偏光件之偏光板。前述偏光件、偏光板可作為該偏光件、偏光板單獨或積層該偏光件、偏光板之光學薄膜,且形成液晶顯示裝置、有機EL顯示裝置等之平板顯示器等之影像顯示裝置。
以往,液晶顯示裝置等使用之偏光件係廣泛地使用以碘或二色性染料染色聚乙烯醇系薄膜,且將其單軸延伸形成之吸收二色性偏光件。又,前述偏光件係在偏光件之兩側或單側黏合經皂化處理之三乙醯纖維素等透明保護薄膜,作為經補強之偏光板使用。
特別是近年來,由液晶顯示裝置之低消耗電力化之觀點來看,希望提高液晶顯示裝置之白亮度,且希望伴隨此開發透光率高之偏光件。但是,只提高單體透光率時,有偏光度下降,進而導致顯示對比降低之問題。另一方面,提高偏光度時,有單體透光率下降,進而導致白亮度降低之問題。如此,偏光件之單體透光率與偏光度係呈交換之關係。因此,需要開發兼具高透光率及高偏光度之偏光件。
例如,在專利文獻1中揭示一種透光率為41.1~44.3,且偏光度為99%以上之偏光板。
但是,上述偏光板在透光率及偏光度方面仍無法令人滿意。
專利文獻1:日本特開2009-92847號公報
本發明之目的在於提供一種兼具高透光率及高偏光度,即白亮度及顯示對比高之偏光件及其製造方法。
本發明明人為了解決上述課題反覆專心檢討,結果發現藉由以下所示之偏光件之製造方法,可達成前述目的,且完成本發明。
即,本發明係有關於一種偏光件之製造方法,係在聚乙烯醇系薄膜上,至少實施膨潤步驟、染色步驟、交聯步驟及延伸步驟者,其特徵在於:其係在前述膨潤步驟中,藉由使聚乙烯醇系薄膜延伸1.4~2.4倍,而將聚乙烯醇系薄膜之結晶度控制在25~32%。
在延伸前之藉由聚乙烯醇(以下稱為「PVA」)形成之原料薄膜上,PVA之結晶部(片晶層)係任意地存在。延伸如此之原料薄膜時,結晶部崩壞且伸長。即,考慮原料薄膜之結晶度隨著延伸而減少。
膨潤步驟後,碘藉染色步驟吸附在PVA上,且形
成碘-PVA錯合物而呈現二色性。碘只能吸附在PVA之非晶部,無法吸附在結晶部。如果聚乙烯醇系薄膜(以下稱為「PVA薄膜」)之碘染色時PVA薄膜之結晶度過高,則碘之吸附部位不足,且會不易形成碘-PVA錯合物。另一方面,如果PVA薄膜之結晶度過低則延伸時施加之應力降低,且PVA之配向性不高,會不易形成碘-PVA錯合物。
本發明人等著眼於PVA薄膜之結晶度,發現藉由在染色步驟之前步驟的膨潤步驟中,將PVA薄膜延伸1.4~2.4倍,而將PVA薄膜之結晶度控制在25~32%,然後,進行染色步驟,可得到兼具高透光率及高偏光度之偏光件。
藉由前述製造方法得到之偏光件之硼含量為4~5.5重量%,單體透光率為43.0%以上,且偏光度為99.99%以上,並且是兼具高透光率及高偏光度之偏光件。硼含量小於4重量%時,有光學特性下降之傾向。硼含量超過5.5重量%時,有在延伸步驟中會容易產生延伸斷裂之傾向。
又,本發明係有關於一種偏光板,係在前述偏光件之至少一面上積層有透明保護薄膜。
又,本發明係有關於一種光學薄膜,係至少積層有一片前述偏光件或前述偏光板。
此外,本發明係有關於一種影像顯示裝置,包含前述光學薄膜。
本發明之偏光件係兼具高透光率及高偏光度者,且藉由使用該偏光件,可同時達成提高液晶顯示裝置
之白亮度及提高顯示對比。
偏光件之原料的PVA薄膜(原料薄膜)通常使用結晶度35~50%者。如果結晶度過高,則延伸性降低且碘等之吸附部位不足,因此偏光特性下降。另一方面,如果結晶度過低則延伸時在薄膜上不施加張力,且PVA會不易配向,因此偏光特性下降。例如,使用結晶度30%之PVA薄膜,且在膨潤步驟中不延伸PVA薄膜時,膨潤步驟後之PVA薄膜之結晶度進入25~32%之範圍內,但是未得到本發明之偏光特性。即,PVA薄膜之初期結晶度因膨潤步驟中之延伸而降低,且藉由延伸將結晶度控制在25~32%,藉此得到本發明之偏光特性。
在PVA薄膜中,亦可添加可塑劑、界面活性劑等之添加劑。可塑劑可舉多元醇及其縮合物等為例,且可舉例如甘油、二甘油、三甘油、乙二醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇等。可塑劑等之使用量沒有特別限制,但是在聚乙烯醇系薄膜中20重量%以下是適當的。
本發明之偏光件係藉由在前述PVA薄膜上,實施至少膨潤步驟、染色步驟、交聯步驟及延伸步驟來製造。
膨潤步驟係在染色步驟之前實施。藉由膨潤步驟,可洗淨PVA薄膜表面之污垢或防結塊劑,此外亦具有藉由使PVA薄膜膨潤防止染色不均等之不均一的效果。
在膨潤步驟中,處理液通常使用水、蒸餾水、純
水。該處理液如果主成分是水,亦可加入少量碘化化合物、界面活性劑等添加物、乙醇等。在該處理液中含有碘化化合物時,碘化化合物之濃度為0.1~10重量%左右,且宜為0.2~5重量%。
膨潤步驟中之處理溫度通常宜調整為20~45℃左右,且25~40℃更佳。又,有膨潤不均及其部份在染色步驟中會成為染色之不均,因此讓膨潤不均不產生。浸漬時間通常為10~300秒左右,且宜為20~240秒。
在本發明之偏光件之製造方法中需要在膨潤步驟中,藉由使PVA薄膜相對於原長度延伸1.4~2.4倍,將PVA薄膜之結晶度控制在25~32%。延伸倍率宜為1.4~2.2倍。藉此,可將PVA薄膜之結晶度控制在27~32%。又,延伸倍率為1.6~2.0倍特佳。藉此,可將PVA薄膜之結晶度控制在28~31%。
染色步驟係在經膨潤處理之PVA薄膜上,藉由吸附、配向碘或二色性染料進行。本發明之偏光件之製造方法中,為了在碘等之吸附部位多之狀態下,且在PVA之非晶部之配向性高之狀態下染色,染色步驟係以經過PVA薄膜之結晶度成為25~32%之狀態之方式進行。
染色通常係藉由將上述薄膜浸漬在染色溶液中進行。染色溶液一般是碘溶液。作為碘溶液使用之碘水溶液係使用碘及藉由例如碘化鉀等含有碘離子作為溶解助劑之水溶液等。此外,可使用碘化鋰、碘化鈉、碘化鋅、碘化鋁、碘化鉛、碘化銅、碘化鋇、碘化鈣、碘化錫、碘化
鈦等之碘化物等的助劑。碘濃度為0.01~0.5重量%左右,且宜為0.02~0.4重量%,並且碘化鉀濃度為0.01~10重量%左右,且宜為0.02~8重量%。當碘染色時,碘溶液之溫度通常為20~50℃左右,且宜為25~40℃。浸漬時間通常為10~300秒左右,且宜為20~240秒。
在交聯步驟中,通常使用硼化合物作為交聯劑。交聯步驟亦可與延伸步驟一起進行。交聯步驟可進行多數次。硼化合物可舉硼酸、硼砂等為例。硼化合物一般係以水溶液或水-有機溶劑混合溶液之形態使用。通常,使用硼酸水溶液。為使偏光件中之硼含量為4~4.5重量%,宜令硼酸水溶液之硼酸濃度為2~10重量%左右,且3~8重量%更佳。在硼酸水溶液中,可含有碘化鉀等碘化化合物。硼酸水溶液中含有碘化化合物時,碘化化合物濃度為0.1~10重量%左右,且0.2~5重量%更佳。
交聯步驟係藉由將經染色處理之PVA薄膜浸漬到硼酸水溶液中進行。此外,可藉由在前述PVA薄膜上,塗布或噴霧等硼化合物等進行。交聯步驟中之處理溫度通常為25℃以上,且宜為30~85℃,並且30~60℃更佳。處理時間通常為10~800秒,且30~500秒更佳。
延伸步驟通常實施單軸延伸。延伸方法沒有特別限制,且可採用濕潤延伸法及乾式延伸法中任一種方法。乾式延伸法之延伸手段可舉例如輥間延伸方法、加熱輥延伸方法、壓縮延伸方法等。延伸可以多段方式進行。延伸薄膜之延伸倍率可依目的適當地設定,但是總延伸倍率為
2~7倍左右,且宜為3~6.8倍,並且3.5~6.5倍更佳。
然後,對前述PVA薄膜實施洗淨步驟。藉由洗淨步驟,可去除在延伸薄膜之表面上產生的析出物。
洗淨步驟可藉由例如水、蒸餾水、純水等之水洗淨進行。洗淨步驟通常係藉由將PVA薄膜浸漬在水洗淨浴中進行。又,洗淨步驟可藉由浸漬在含有碘化鉀等之碘化物的水溶液進行。例如,該水溶液之碘化鉀濃度宜為0.5~10重量%左右,且1~8重量%更佳。洗淨步驟中之洗淨浴溫度通常為5~50℃,且宜為10~45℃,並且15~40℃更佳。浸漬時間通常為1~300秒,且10~240秒更佳。又,前述水溶液之洗淨可與水洗淨組合進行,且可在水洗淨之前或後進行。
然後,亦可對前述PVA薄膜實施乾燥步驟。
以上述方法製造之偏光件的硼含量為4~5.5重量%,單體透光率為43.0%以上,且偏光度為99.99%以上。
得到之偏光件可依據一般方法,作成在其至少一面上設有透明保護薄膜之偏光板。透明保護薄膜可作成聚合物之塗布層,或薄膜之積層等來設置。形成透明保護薄膜之透明聚合物或薄膜材料可使用適當之透明材料,但是最好使用透明性、機械強度、熱安定性及水分遮斷性優異者。形成前述透明保護薄膜之材料可舉例如:聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯及聚萘二甲酸乙二酯等之聚酯系聚合物、二乙醯纖維素及三乙醯纖維素等纖維素系聚合物、聚苯乙烯及丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物(AS樹脂)等之苯乙烯系聚合物、聚碳酸酯聚合物等。又,形成前述透明保護薄膜之聚合物亦可舉
例如:聚乙烯、聚丙烯、具有環系或降冰片烯構造之聚烯烴、乙烯-丙烯共聚物之類的聚烯烴系聚合物、氯乙烯系聚合物、尼龍及芳族聚醯胺等之醯胺系聚合物、醯亞胺系聚合物、碸系聚合物、聚醚碸系聚合物、聚醚醚酮系聚合物、聚苯硫系聚合物、乙烯醇系聚合物、偏二氯乙烯系聚合物、丁縮醛系聚合物、芳酯系聚合物、聚甲醛系聚合物、環氧系聚合物、或前述聚合物之混合物等。透明保護薄膜可形成為丙烯酸系、胺基甲酸酯系、丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯系、環氧系、聚矽氧系等熱硬化型、紫外線硬化型樹脂之硬化層。
又,可舉日本特開2001-343529號公報(WO01/37007)記載之聚合物薄膜為例,例如,含有(A)在側鏈上具有取代及/或非取代醯亞胺基之熱可塑性樹脂,及(B)在側鏈上具有取代及/或非取代苯及腈基之熱可塑性樹脂的樹脂組成物。具體例可舉含有由異丁烯與N-甲基順丁烯二醯亞胺形成之交互共聚物及丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物之樹脂組成物的薄膜。薄膜可使用由樹脂組成物之混合擠壓品等形成之薄膜。該等薄膜相位差小,且光彈性係數小,因此可消除由於偏光板應變造成之不均等,又,透濕度小,因此加濕耐久性優異。
透明保護薄膜之厚度可適當地決定,但是由強度、處理性等之作業性、及薄層性等來看,一般是1~500μm左右。特佳的是1~300μm,且5~200μm更佳。
又,透明保護薄膜宜儘可能沒有顏色。因此,最好使用以Rth=(nx-nz).d(其中,nx係薄膜平面內之慢軸方
向之折射率,nz係薄膜厚度方向之折射率,d係薄膜之厚度)表示之薄膜厚度方向之相位差值為-90nm~+75nm之透明保護薄膜。藉由使用厚度方向相位差值(Rth)為-90nm~+75nm者,可大致消除由於保護薄膜產生之偏光板之著色(光學著色)。厚度方向相位差值(Rth)為-80nm~+60nm更佳,且-70nm~+45nm特佳。
由偏光特性及耐用性等方面來看,保護薄膜為三乙醯纖維素薄膜、降冰片烯薄膜、環烯烴系薄膜及丙烯酸樹脂薄膜是理想的。三乙醯纖維素薄膜是特別理想的。又,在偏光件之兩側設置透明保護薄膜時,在其表背面可使用由相同聚合物材料構成之保護膜,亦可使用由不同聚合物材料等構成之保護膜。
在前述透明保護薄膜之未接著偏光件之面上,亦可實施硬塗層、防止反射處理,及以防止沾黏、擴散或防眩光等為目的之處理等。
防止反射處理層、防止沾黏層、擴散層或防眩光層除了可以設置在透明保護薄膜本身上以外,亦可另外作為光學層而與透明保護薄膜分開地設置。
前述偏光件與透明保護薄膜之接著處理係使用接著劑。接著劑可舉異氰酸酯系接著劑、聚乙烯醇系接著劑、明膠系接著劑、乙烯系乳膠系、水系聚酯等為例說明。前述接著劑通常使用由水溶液構成之接著劑。
本發明之偏光板係藉由使用前述接著劑黏合前述透明保護薄膜與偏光件來製造,接著劑之塗布可在透明
保護薄膜、偏光件中任一者上進行,亦可在兩者上進行。黏合後,實施乾燥步驟,形成由塗布乾燥層構成之接著層。偏光件與透明保護薄膜之黏合可藉由輥積層機進行。接著層之厚度沒有特別限制,但是通常為0.1~5μm左右。
本發明之偏光板在實際使用時可作為與其他之光學層積層之光學薄膜使用。該光學層沒有特別限制,但是,例如,可使用1層或2層以上反射板、半透射板、相位差板(包含1/2或1/4等之波長板),視角補償薄膜等用以形成液晶顯示裝置等之某種光學層。特別理想的是,在本發明之偏光板上進一步積層反射板或半透射反射板之反射型偏光板或半透射型偏光板,在偏光板上進一步積層相位差板之橢圓偏光板或圓偏光板,在偏光板上進一步積層視角補償薄膜之廣視角偏光板,或在偏光板上進一步積層亮度提高薄膜之偏光板。
本發明之偏光板或光學薄膜可理想地使用於形成液晶顯示裝置等之各種裝置。液晶顯示裝置之形成可依照習知者進行。即,液晶顯示裝置一般係藉由適當地組裝液晶單元與偏光板或光學薄膜,及依需要之照明系統等之構成部件且組裝驅動電路而形成,但是在本發明中除了使用本發明之偏光板或光學薄膜以外沒有特別限定,可依照習知者。就液晶單元而言,亦可使用例如TN型、STN型、π型等任意類型者。
以下,就具體地顯示本發明之構成與效果之實施
例進行說明。又,各例中,份及%除特別記載外,是重量基準。
將寬度20mm×長度30mm×厚度75μm之PVA薄膜(KURARAY公司製,商品名:VF-PS#7500)設置在延伸機中,且將該PVA薄膜一面在25℃之水中延伸,一面藉由小角度X光散射法(以Spring-8之光束線,BL40B2實施,X光波長λ=1Å)測量結晶度。各延伸倍率之結晶度顯示在表1中。
使製作之偏光件在120℃乾燥,且測量偏光件之重量。接著,在前述偏光件完全溶解於純水而得到之溶液中,添加甘露糖醇及溴瑞香草酚藍作為滴定指示劑,且滴下NaOH(0.1mol/L)水溶液。溶液之顏色由橙色變成藍色時停止滴下NaOH水溶液且測量滴下量。藉由下式計算偏光件中之硼含量。
硼含量(重量%)=0.1×{NaOH水溶液之滴下量(ml)/1000}×10.81×{1/偏光件之重量(g)}×100
將厚度75μm之PVA薄膜(KURARAY公司製,商品名:VF-PS#7500)浸漬在25℃之溫水(膨潤浴)中使其膨潤,且相對原長度以流動方向延伸使得延伸倍率成為1.4倍。然後,將PVA薄膜浸漬在含有碘濃度0.04%、碘化鉀濃度0.4%之30℃之碘水溶液(染色浴)中60秒,一面染色,一面相對原長度
以流動方向延伸使得延伸倍率成為3.3倍。接著,將前述PVA薄膜浸漬在含有硼酸4重量%及碘化鉀3重量%之30℃之水溶液中30秒。然後,一面將前述PVA薄膜浸漬在含有硼酸4重量%及碘化鉀5重量%之60℃之水溶液(延伸浴)中40秒,一面相對原長度以流動方向延伸使得延伸倍率成為6倍。然後,將前述PVA薄膜浸漬在含有碘化鉀3重量%之30℃之水溶液中10秒並洗淨,接著,在50℃乾燥4分鐘而得到偏光件。
除了在實施例1之膨潤步驟中,如表1所示地變更延伸倍率以外,以與實施例1同樣之方法製造偏光件。
關於在實施例及比較例得到之偏光件,就下述光學特性進行評價。結果顯示在表1中。
使用具積分球之分光光度計(日本分光股份有限公司製,商品名:V7100)測量380~780nm之波長光之偏光件的分光透光率。對各直線偏光之透光率係以透過Glan-Taylor稜鏡得到之完全偏光作為100%測量。由測量之分光透光率,依據CIE1931 Yxy表色系,計算在C光源2°視野之Y值。以該等值作為單體透光率(Ts(Y))、平行透光率(Tp(Y))、垂直透光率(Tc(Y))。
偏光度(P)係藉由{(平行透光率-垂直透光率)/(平行透光率+垂直透光率)}1/2×100(%)計算。
表1
本發明之偏光件及偏光板可用於製造液晶顯示裝置、有機EL顯示裝置等之平板顯示器等的影像顯示裝置。
Claims (5)
- 一種偏光件之製造方法,係在聚乙烯醇系薄膜上,至少實施膨潤步驟、染色步驟、交聯步驟及延伸步驟者,其特徵在於:其係在前述膨潤步驟中,藉由將聚乙烯醇系薄膜延伸1.4~2.0倍(但,排除2.0倍),而將聚乙烯醇系薄膜之結晶度控制在28~32%。
- 一種偏光件,係藉由如申請專利範圍第1項之製造方法而得到,且硼含量為4~5.5重量%,單體透光率為43.0%以上,並且偏光度為99.99%以上。
- 一種偏光板,係在如申請專利範圍第2項之偏光件之至少一面上積層有透明保護薄膜。
- 一種光學薄膜,係至少積層有一片如申請專利範圍第2項之偏光件,或如申請專利範圍第3項之偏光板。
- 一種影像顯示裝置,係包含如申請專利範圍第4項之光學薄膜。
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| CN105431751B (zh) * | 2013-08-09 | 2018-04-06 | 株式会社可乐丽 | 乙烯醇系聚合物膜 |
| KR20160035516A (ko) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-03-31 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | 편광자의 제조 방법 |
| CN104356569B (zh) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-08-24 | 云南云天化股份有限公司 | 一种聚乙烯醇薄膜及其制备方法以及一种偏光片 |
| JP2017003954A (ja) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-05 | 住友化学株式会社 | 偏光フィルム及びそれを含む偏光板 |
| JP6534305B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-29 | 2019-06-26 | 株式会社クラレ | ポリビニルアルコールフィルムの光学斑の評価方法 |
| CN110361804B (zh) * | 2018-04-09 | 2022-11-04 | 日东电工株式会社 | 偏振片的制造方法 |
| WO2020066318A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | 日東電工株式会社 | 偏光子の製造方法 |
| JP6935154B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-09-15 | 日東電工株式会社 | 放射線透過抑制フィルム、ならびに該放射線透過抑制フィルムを用いた放射線透過抑制フィルターおよび撮影装置 |
| KR102593640B1 (ko) | 2020-03-10 | 2023-10-24 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 편광판 및 이를 포함하는 광학표시장치 |
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| JP2009092847A (ja) | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-30 | Nitto Denko Corp | 液晶パネル及び液晶表示装置 |
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| JPH07198939A (ja) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-08-01 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 偏光フィルムの製法 |
| JP2002236214A (ja) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-08-23 | Nitto Denko Corp | 偏光フィルム及びそれを用いた偏光板、液晶表示装置 |
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