TWI418134B - An equipment for power generation due to vibrational force by piezoelectric crystal mounting on bearing pedestals - Google Patents

Description

Piezoelectric crystal device for generating electric power by using bearing housing vibration force

Piezoelectric crystal, bearing housing, rotating machinery, vibration, power generation

Traditionally, piezoelectric crystals are used to generate electric charge, and the electric quantity is measured by a circuit, which is calibrated to measure the force; the opposite principle is used to control the input charge of the driver to make the piezoelectric crystal generate force as an actuator. Based on the characteristics of piezoelectric crystals generated by force, in recent years, piezoelectric crystals have been used in floor-carrying, personnel-carrying excitation methods, using moving forces acting on piezoelectric crystals to generate electricity for use; An electric field excites one end of the piezoelectric crystal to cause resonance of the piezoelectric crystal, and an amplified voltage is obtained from the resonance displacement of the other end of the piezoelectric crystal. However, in the case of a rotating machine such as a motor, a generator, a turbine, a pump, a gearbox, etc., vibration is caused by the centrifugal force of the rotation, but the vibration is used to generate electricity without using a piezoelectric crystal device.

The bearing housing of the rotating mechanical system is fixed on the body structure, and there is a connecting piece between the bearing seat and the piezoelectric crystal. The body structure supports the weight and vibration force of the machine, and the vibration force transmitted by the mechanical system and the external environment of the body structure. In the direction of the weight and the six directions of the other two orientations, the piezoelectric crystal can be mounted on the bearing housing via the connecting member, and the connecting member, the piezoelectric crystal, and the overload protection mechanism are mounted in series on the bearing housing. Withstand the vibration force transmitted from the bearing seat, the connecting piece is used to fix the piezoelectric crystal to the bearing housing, and the overload is guaranteed. The guard mechanism is assembled in series with the piezoelectric crystal, which only allows the load that the piezoelectric crystal can withstand, and most of the vibration force and weight are directly transmitted from the bearing housing to the body structure.

When the rotating machine is inevitably caused by centrifugal force, the vibration force is transmitted to the connecting member and the piezoelectric crystal through the bearing and the bearing housing. Therefore, the vibration force is transmitted to the piezoelectric crystal, so that the piezoelectric crystal generates electric charge, and the piezoelectric crystal is connected by a wire. The charge is output to the electronic device, the charge is converted into a voltage, and the power required by the mechanical device itself is directly used, and stored in the energy storage device for other purposes. In the case of a rotating machine such as a motor, a generator, a turbine, a pump, a gearbox, etc., the vibration can be induced by the centrifugal force of the rotation, and the piezoelectric crystal can be generated by the vibration force using the present invention.

To prevent the piezoelectric crystal from being damaged when it is overloaded, use a protection mechanism including a disc spring, a vibration absorber, and a vibration isolator. The former is used in a piezoelectric crystal of a compression type, and the latter two are used in a shear type. Piezoelectric crystals, curved piezoelectric crystals are themselves protected by overload in their own shape. The overload protection mechanism provides sufficient but limited rigidity to allow the piezoelectric crystal to withstand only a portion of the vibration force. It is the vibration force that the piezoelectric crystal can withstand. The vibration force is transmitted to the piezoelectric crystal through the overload protection mechanism, so the protection piezoelectric crystal is not destroyed by the entire vibration force; when it is subjected to the force deformation, it has sufficient rigidity. And the vibration force bearing increases with the deformation, and when the deformation amount increases to the overload point of the overload, the load-bearing and fixing of the overload protection mechanism no longer increases with the deformation, exceeding the vibration force load that the piezoelectric crystal can withstand. Can no longer be transferred to the piezoelectric crystal, thus forming an overload protection of the piezoelectric crystal, and the excess vibration force is entirely carried by the contact surface of the bearing housing and the body structure, so The protective piezoelectric crystal is not destroyed by the sudden shocking vibration force.

The structural form of the piezoelectric crystal is divided into three types: a pressurized type, a sheared type, and a curved type. The rotating shaft 11 is mounted in the bearing 12 as a bearing for the rotating mechanical system, and the bearing 12 is mounted on the bearing. The seat 13, the bearing block 13 is fixed on the body structure 14, and the vibration force of the rotating mechanical system is transmitted to the piezoelectric crystal 22 through the bearing housing 13, so that the piezoelectric crystal 22 generates electric charge, and the electric wire 22 is connected to the piezoelectric crystal 22 to output electric charge. .

The piezoelectric type 22 of the pressed type as shown in FIG. 1(a) and the curved type as shown in FIG. 1(b) forms a parallel structure with the bottom surface of the bearing housing 13, and the parallel structure refers to the piezoelectric crystal 22 and the bottom surface of the bearing housing 13 jointly bearing the bearing housing. 13 The weight and vibration force transmitted, the ratio of load distribution is proportional to the ratio of the stiffness of the piezoelectric crystal 22 itself and the contact stiffness of the bottom surface of the bearing housing 13, and the broken line indicates the original shape of the piezoelectric crystal 22 of the pressed type and the curved type; As shown in Fig. 1(c), the piezoelectric crystal 22 is attached to the connecting member 21, and the connecting member 21 is attached to the bearing housing 13, and the broken line indicates the deformed shape of the sheared body under the action of the vibration force.

The present invention relates to a "piezoelectric crystal device for generating electric power by using a bearing housing vibration force", which comprises a bearing, a bearing housing, a body structure, a connecting member, a piezoelectric crystal, and an overload protection mechanism of the piezoelectric crystal; and an overload protection mechanism Refers to three mechanisms, including the disc spring and its connecting parts, the vibration absorber and its inertial mass, and the isolator and its inertial mass. The former is used in pressurized piezoelectric crystals, and the latter two are used in shearing type. Piezoelectric crystal, the piezoelectric crystal is assembled in series with the connecting member and the overload protection mechanism, and the curved piezoelectric crystal It is self-protected as an overload in its own shape.

The disc spring 23, which is applied to the overload type protection mechanism 40 of the piezoelectric type piezoelectric crystal, as shown in FIG. 2, has a nonlinear spring constant, and is subjected to a sufficient but limited rigidity to withstand the vibration force, and the disc spring 23 Between the bearing housing 13 and the connecting member 21, the pre-pressure is applied to the initial displacement of the disc spring 23, and the relationship between the bearing capacity and the deformation displacement amount is shown in FIG. 3, and the ordinate 31 indicates the bearing capacity, and the horizontal coordinate 32 Representing the displacement, the disc spring 23 has sufficient rigidity when it is initially subjected to the force deformation, so the bearing capacity increases with the deformation, and when the deformation amount increases to the overload saturation point 35, the load of the disc spring 23 remains fixed. No longer increases with deformation, the overload saturation point 35 is smaller than the vibration force load that the piezoelectric crystal 22 can withstand, so that the vibration force load that the piezoelectric crystal 22 can withstand cannot be transmitted to the piezoelectric crystal 22, and the piezoelectricity is formed. The overload protection of the crystal 22, the excess vibration force is carried by the contact surface of the bearing housing 13 and the body structure 14, so that the piezoelectric crystal 22 is protected from being destroyed by the sudden shock vibration force, and the disc spring 23 is connected in series with the bearing. Block 13 and Between the joints 21, a pre-pressure equal to the overload saturation point 35 is applied to the initial displacement 34 of the disc spring 23, and when the vibration force is less than the overload saturation point 35, the pre-pressure of the disc spring 23 maintains the overload saturation point. 35 is a vibration force that excites the piezoelectric crystal 22 to generate electricity.

As shown in FIG. 4, the curved piezoelectric crystal 22 is self-loaded by the nonlinear spring characteristic of the curved body of the piezoelectric crystal 22 itself, and the piezoelectric crystal 22 is mounted on the connecting member 21 together under the bearing housing 13, The bolt seat 25 is fixed to the bearing housing 13, and the adjusting screw 26 is biased downward by the bolt seat 25 to apply a pre-pressure, and the pre-pressure of the piezoelectric crystal 22 is applied via the connecting member 21.

The structure of the shear type piezoelectric crystal using the vertical vibration of the bearing housing is as shown in FIG. 5. The piezoelectric crystal 22 is mounted on the connecting member 21, and the inertial mass 41, the piezoelectric crystal 22, and the connecting member 21 have the same geometric cross section. The short column block, the inertial mass 41 is mounted on the outer side of the piezoelectric crystal 22, and the piezoelectric crystal 22 and the inertial mass 41 are mounted together on the bearing housing 13 by the connecting member 21, and the vertical vibration of the top end of the bearing housing 13 is connected via the connection. The member 21 and the piezoelectric crystal 22 are transmitted to the inertial mass 41. The inertia mass 41 is connected to the shock absorber 42 composed of the external spring 51, the damper 52, and the mass 53 as an overload protection mechanism of the piezoelectric crystal 22.

The structure of the shear type piezoelectric crystal using the lateral vibration of the bearing housing is as shown in FIG. 6. The piezoelectric crystal 22 is mounted on the connecting member 21, the inertial mass 41 is mounted on the outer side of the piezoelectric crystal 22, and the piezoelectric crystal is connected by the connecting member 21. 22 and the inertial mass 41 are mounted on the top end of the bearing housing 13, the lateral vibration of the top end of the bearing housing 13 is transmitted to the inertial mass 41 via the connecting member 21 and the piezoelectric crystal 22, and the inertia mass 41 is externally coupled with the spring 51 and the damper 52. The baffle 44 is bolted to the upper side of the bearing housing 13, and the isolator 43 is mounted between the inertial mass 41 and the baffle 44 as an overload protection mechanism 40 of the piezoelectric crystal 22.

11‧‧‧Rotary axis

12‧‧‧ bearing

13‧‧‧ bearing housing

14‧‧‧ body structure

21‧‧‧Connecting parts

22‧‧‧ piezoelectric crystal

23‧‧‧ Disc spring

24‧‧‧Wire

25‧‧‧Bolt seat

26‧‧‧Adjustment screws

31‧‧‧ Carrying capacity ordinate

32‧‧‧displacement abscissa

33‧‧‧Relationship between bearing capacity and deformation displacement

34‧‧‧ initial displacement

35‧‧‧Overload saturation point

40‧‧‧Overload protection mechanism

41‧‧‧Inertial mass

42‧‧‧Vibrator

43‧‧‧ Vibration Isolator

44‧‧‧Baffle

51‧‧‧ Spring

52‧‧‧damper

53‧‧‧Quality

Figure 1 (a) Pressure-type piezoelectric crystal applied to the bearing housing

Figure 1 (b) Curved piezoelectric crystal applied to the bearing housing

Figure 1 (c) Sheared piezoelectric crystal applied to the bearing housing

Figure 2 Pressure-type piezoelectric crystal applied to the construction of the bearing housing

Figure 3 Bearing capacity and displacement relationship of load limiting mechanism

Figure 4 Curved piezoelectric crystal applied to the construction of the bearing housing

Fig. 5. Structure of shear-type piezoelectric crystal applied to vertical vibration of bearing housing

Fig. 6 Structure of shear-type piezoelectric crystal applied to lateral vibration of bearing housing

11‧‧‧Axis

12‧‧‧ bearing

13‧‧‧ bearing housing

14‧‧‧ body structure

22‧‧‧ piezoelectric crystal

Claims (5)

A device for generating electric power by using a vibration force of a bearing housing, comprising a bearing, a bearing housing, a body structure, a connecting member, a piezoelectric crystal, and an overload protection mechanism of the piezoelectric crystal; the bearing is used as a rotating shaft of the mechanical system The bearing is mounted on the bearing seat, the bearing seat is fixed on the body structure, the connecting member is used for fixing the piezoelectric crystal in the bearing seat, the bearing seat is connected with the piezoelectric crystal and the overload protection mechanism in series; the body structure supports It includes the total weight of the rotating shaft, bearing, bearing housing, connecting piece, piezoelectric crystal, and overload protection mechanism, as well as the vibration force transmitted from the rotating shaft and the external environment of the body structure; the overload protection mechanism is connected in series As assembled with the piezoelectric crystal, it only allows the load that the piezoelectric crystal can withstand, and the vibration force is transmitted to the piezoelectric crystal through the load protection mechanism, so that the piezoelectric crystal generates electric charge, and the electric wire is connected to the piezoelectric crystal to output electric charge; The structure of the transistor includes a pressed type, a sheared type, and a curved type, and a piezoelectric crystal of a pressed type and a curved type By weight and the bottom surface of the socket is formed in parallel to the vibration force structure, the parallel piezoelectric crystal structure refers to the bottom surface of the common carrier and the bearing chock transmitted; shear-type piezoelectric crystals are connected in series with overload protection member The mechanism is mounted on the bearing housing. As described in the first paragraph of the patent application, "the piezoelectric crystal uses the vibration force of the bearing housing to generate electric power", wherein the overload protection mechanism applied to the piezoelectric type piezoelectric body includes a disk spring, and the piezoelectric crystal is connected in series. The method is assembled with the connecting piece and the overload protection mechanism. The disc spring has a non-linear spring constant, and is subjected to the vibration force with sufficient but limited rigidity. The disc spring is connected in series between the bearing seat and the connecting member. The initial displacement of the disc spring is given by the preload. When the disc spring is deformed at the beginning, it has sufficient rigidity, so the bearing capacity increases with the deformation, and the deformation increases to the overload point of the load, the disc spring The load-bearing retention is no longer increased with deformation. The overload load saturation point is smaller than the vibration force load that the piezoelectric crystal can withstand. Therefore, the vibration force load that can be withstood by the piezoelectric crystal cannot be transmitted to the piezoelectric crystal, and the piezoelectricity is formed. Overload protection of the crystal, the disc spring is applied with a pre-pressure equal to the saturation point of the overload. When the vibration force is less than the saturation point of the overload, the pre-pressure of the disc spring remains overloaded. The saturation point is the vibration force that stimulates the piezoelectric crystal to generate electricity. As described in the first paragraph of the patent application, "the piezoelectric crystal uses the vibration force of the bearing housing to generate electric power", wherein the pre-pressure is maintained in the curved piezoelectric crystal. And the overload protection mechanism uses the nonlinear spring characteristic of the curved body of the piezoelectric crystal itself, the piezoelectric crystal is mounted on the connecting member directly under the bearing seat, the bolt seat is fixed on the bearing seat, and the adjusting screw is rotated downward through the bolt seat Pre-pressure is applied to the piezoelectric crystal via the connecting piece at a pre-pressure. The device for generating electric power by using a vibration of a bearing block in a piezoelectric crystal according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein a structure in which a shear-type piezoelectric crystal is vertically vibrated by a bearing housing includes a piezoelectric crystal, a connecting member, and Inertial mass, bearing housing, and vibration absorber; piezoelectric crystal is mounted on the connecting piece, inertial mass, piezoelectric crystal, connecting piece has short column of the same geometric cross section, inertial mass is installed on the outer side of the piezoelectric crystal, and then The piezoelectric crystal and the inertial mass are mounted together on the bearing seat by the connecting member, and the vertical vibration of the top end of the bearing seat is transmitted to the inertial mass via the connecting member and the piezoelectric crystal, and the inertia mass is externally oscillated by the spring, the damper and the mass. The device acts as an overload protection mechanism for the piezoelectric crystal. As described in the first paragraph of the patent application, "a device for generating electric power by using a vibration of a bearing block of a piezoelectric crystal", wherein a structure in which a shear-type piezoelectric crystal is laterally vibrated by a bearing housing includes a piezoelectric crystal, a connecting member, and inertia. Quality, housing, baffle, and isolator; piezoelectric crystal mounted on the connector, inertial mass, pressure The transistor and the connecting member have short column blocks of the same geometric cross section, and the inertial mass is mounted on the outer side of the piezoelectric crystal, and then the piezoelectric crystal and the inertial mass are mounted together on the top end of the bearing seat by the connecting member, and the top of the bearing seat is The transverse vibration is transmitted to the inertial mass via the connecting piece and the piezoelectric crystal, and the inertia mass is connected to the vibration isolator composed of the spring and the damper. The baffle is fixed above the bearing seat by bolts, and the vibration isolator is installed between the inertial mass and the baffle. As an overload protection mechanism for piezoelectric crystals.