TWI471901B - 浸漬微影蝕刻系統 - Google Patents
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
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Description
本發明係關於一種浸漬微影蝕刻系統,及關於一種進行浸漬微影蝕刻之方法。
微影蝕刻術在半導體裝置製造中為一種重要加工步驟。縱覽之,在微影蝕刻術中,電路設計透過顯影在沉積在晶圓表面上之光阻層上之圖案轉移至晶圓。然後晶圓在新穎設計轉移至晶圓表面前進行各種蝕刻與沉積過程。此環形過程持續,累積半導體裝置之多層。
可使用微影蝕刻術印染之最小部件係由分辨率限度W測定,其係由瑞利(Rayleigh)等式界定為:
其中k1
為分辨率,λ為暴露輻射之波長而NA為數值孔徑。在半導體裝置製造所用之光刻法中,最好使用極短波長之輻射以改良光學分辨率,使得裝置內之極小部件可精確地再製。在先行技藝中,使用各種波長之單色可見光,而最近使用深紫外線(DUV)範圍內之輻射,包括在193毫微米之輻射,如使用ArF準分子雷射器產生者。
NA之值係由透鏡之可接受角度(α)及環繞透鏡之介質折射指數(n),並由以下提供NA=nsin α (2)
關於清潔乾燥空氣(CDA),n之值為1,使對NA之物理限度供光刻技術使用CDA作為介質在透鏡與晶圓之間為1,實際限度目前在0.9左右。
浸漬微影蝕刻術為已知技術,藉增加NA之值以及增加焦點之深度(DOF)或垂直加工緯度供改良光學分辨率。參照圖1,在此技術中,具有折射指數n>1之液體10放在投射裝置14之物鏡透鏡12之下表面與位在可移動晶圓台18上之晶圓16之上表面之間。位於透鏡12與晶圓16間之液體理想上應具有低光學吸收率在193毫微米下、可與沉積在晶圓表面上之透鏡材料及光阻劑相容,並具有良好均勻性。此等準則係由超純度脫氣水配合,其具有折射指數n1.44供光線在193毫微米下。增加的n值,比較於介質在透鏡與晶圓間為CDA之技術時,可增加NA值,其繼而減少分辨率限度W,使得較小部件可再製。
雖然超純度水對目前透鏡幾何形狀之產生理想,惟對過度NA透鏡幾何形狀需要更高折射指數。例如,具有所需折射指數之有機液體可取代超純度水。然而,此需要深入研究液體-光阻劑與液體-透鏡交互作用及液體之適當輸送與消耗系統之發展。因此,目前更引人注意的選擇為加入一種或多種化合物至水中以增加其折射指數。該化合物可為有機極性化合物或無機離子化合物。目前研究傾向具有相當大離子之無機鹽,例如,硫酸銫。為了達成儘可能高之折射指數,超純度水與無機鹽之溶液應摻合俾可具有高飽和程度。與使用該飽和溶液相關之問題在於,在侵漬微影蝕刻術期間,必然有一些超純度水之蒸發在透鏡與液態溶液間之界面及在水與液態溶液間之界面,其可導致在此等溶質之微晶之界面自超飽和溶液之沉積,因而存在於此等界面。
本發明之至少較佳具體例之目的為提供一種系統,其抑制浸漬微影蝕刻系統中自位於透鏡與晶圓間之浸漬液體之蒸發。
在一第一態樣中,本發明提供一種浸漬微影蝕刻系統,其包括晶圓台;用以投射影像在位於晶圓台上之晶圓上之透鏡;用以供應浸漬流體在透鏡與晶圓間之浸漬流體供應構件;及用以輸送經浸漬流體之成分飽和之清洗流體在該經供應之浸漬流體附近之清洗流體輸送構件。
藉由輸送經浸漬流體之成分飽和之清洗流體在浸漬流體附近,可抑制自浸漬流體之蒸發。此可防止在微影蝕刻期間微粒在浸漬流體與透鏡、晶圓及/或清洗流體間之界面之沉積。當浸漬流體為純液體如超純水時,以該液體飽和清洗流體可防止在微影蝕刻期間,在液體內形成之此等微粒於界面,例如,自光阻劑層,之沉積。當浸漬流體為一種溶液時,以溶劑飽和清洗流體亦可抑制溶質在此等界面之沉積。
清洗流體可包含清潔乾燥空氣(CDA)、氮氣、或任何其他不會與浸漬流體不利地反應之液體或氣體之一,其例為包含無機或有機溶質之水基溶液。
在較佳具體例中,該系統包含可容納晶圓台及透鏡之外罩,清洗流體供應系統係成形以供應外罩清洗流體之流。此外罩有助於保持浸漬流體附近之飽和環境,而在第二態樣中,本發明提供一種浸漬微影蝕刻系統,其包含可容納晶圓台及透鏡之外罩,該方鏡用以投射影像在位於晶圓台上之晶圓上;用以供應浸漬流體至外罩之浸漬流體供應構件,在使用時,透鏡藉浸漬流體投射影像在晶圓上;及透過外罩輸送經浸漬流體之成分飽和之清洗流體之清洗流體輸送構件。
在第三態樣中,本發明提供一種進行浸漬微影蝕刻之方法,該方法包括下列步驟:將浸漬流體置於晶圓與透鏡之間,透過該浸漬流體投射影像在晶圓上,及輸送經浸漬流體之成分飽和之清洗流體在浸漬流體附近。
在第四態樣中,本發明提供一種進行浸漬微影蝕刻之方法,該方法包括下列步驟:提供容納透鏡之外罩,將晶圓置於在該外罩內以使透鏡投射影像在晶圓上,保持在外罩內浸漬流體於透鏡與晶圓間,及輸送經浸漬流體之成分飽和之清洗流體通過外罩。
上述有關本發明系統方面之特性同樣可應用於本發明方法方面,反之亦然。
藉由實例,現進一步參照以下附圖說明本發明之具體例,其中:參照圖2,浸漬微影蝕刻系統20包含在經控制環境中容納成影透鏡24及晶圓台26之外罩22。成影透鏡24為光學系統之最後光學成分供投射影像在位於晶圓台26上之晶圓28表面上形成之光阻層上。晶圓台26可包含任何適當機械構件供固持晶圓28至晶圓台,例如,真空系統,並可移動自如以精確地定位晶圓28在成影透鏡24下方。
浸漬流體30係由浸漬供應系統保持在透鏡24與晶圓28之間。此系統包含環繞透鏡24之浸漬流體分配器32以分配定位在透鏡24與晶圓28間之浸漬流體30。一種或多種差示空氣密封物(圖未示)可用以防止,例如,在用以移動晶圓台26之機械構件內,將浸漬流體進入系統之其他部分。
由於在微影蝕刻期間自光阻層之除氣及微粒之產生,最好浸漬流體在透鏡24與晶圓28之間保持穩定流動。在圖2所示之具體例中,浸漬流體供應系統包含抽空系統34,供抽引浸漬流體30在透鏡24與晶圓28之間,分配器32用以補充浸漬流體30,使得實質上定量浸漬流體30保持在透鏡24與晶圓28之間。浸漬流體供應件36自其源38用以供應浸漬流體至分配器32。視需要而定,自外罩22抽引之浸漬流體可循環並可循環回至分配器32。
適當浸漬流體之例為超純除氣水,由於其比較於空氣(具有折射指數為1)相當高折射指數(1.44),且其與透鏡材料及光阻劑之相容性。為了進一步增加折射指數,無機或有機化合物可加入晶圓中以形成飽和溶液。在任一情況下,在微影蝕刻過程期間,水之蒸發可造成沉積物形成在透鏡24與浸漬流體30間之界面,及在晶圓28與浸漬流體30間之界面。當浸漬流體為純液體如超純水時,此等沉積物為在微影蝕刻期間形成之微粒,而當浸漬流體為溶液時,此等微粒可額外包含溶質之微晶體。
為了抑制在微影蝕刻期間液體或溶質自浸漬流體30之蒸發,提供供應至外罩22之清洗流體供應系統,特別是在外罩22內之浸漬流體30附近,在此情況用液體或溶質飽和之清洗流體可為浸漬流體30。清洗流體係由與外罩22入口44連通之導管42自源40輸送入外罩22內。為了保持清洗流體在外罩22內之穩定流動,提供清洗流體抽空系統自與外罩22出口48連通之導管46自外罩22抽引清洗流體。
當液體或溶質為水時,例如,清洗流體可便利地包含水飽和CDA。此可藉通過CDA流在另一側上與超純水流體連通之膜接觸器一側上而在源40內產生。然後,水飽和CDA輸送至外罩22內以清洗透鏡24與浸漬流體30間之界面及晶圓28與浸漬流體30間之界面以抑制水自浸漬流體30之蒸發。
10...液體
12...物鏡透鏡
14...投射裝置
16...晶圓
18...晶圓台
20...浸漬徵影蝕刻系統
22...外罩
24...成像透鏡
26...晶圓台
28...晶圓
30...浸漬流體
32...浸漬流體分配器
34...抽空系統
36...浸漬流體供應件
38...源
40...源
42...導管
44...入口
46...導管
48...出口
圖1以圖解例示一種已知浸漬微影蝕刻系統;及圖2以圖解例示一種根據本發明之浸漬微影蝕刻系統之具體例。
20...浸漬微影蝕刻系統
22...外罩
24...成像透鏡
26...晶圓台
28...晶圓
30...浸漬流體
32...浸漬流體分配器
34...抽空系統
36...浸漬流體供應件
34...抽空系統
36...浸漬流體供應件
38...源
40...源
42...導管
44...入口
46...導管
48...出口
Claims (15)
- 一種浸漬微影蝕刻系統,其包括晶圓台;用以投射影像在位於晶圓台上之晶圓上之透鏡;用以供應浸漬流體在透鏡與晶圓間之浸漬流體供應構件;及用以輸送經浸漬流體之成分飽和之清洗流體在經供應浸漬流體附近之清洗流體輸送構件,其中浸漬流體為一種包含溶劑及至少一種溶質之溶液,清洗流體係用該溶劑飽和,如此以抑制該浸漬流體溶劑的蒸發,且防止且該溶質之沉積。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中溶劑為水。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中溶質包含無機或有機化合物。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中清洗流體包含經飽和之氣體。
- 如請求項4之系統,其中氣體為清潔乾燥空氣與氮氣之一。
- 如請求項1之系統,其包含可容納晶圓台及透鏡之外罩,清洗流體供應系統係成形以供應清洗流體之流至外罩。
- 如請求項6之系統,其中外罩具有用以接收清洗流體之流之入口、及用以自外罩消耗清洗流體之出口。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中浸漬流體供應構件係成形以供應位於透鏡與晶圓間之浸漬流體。
- 一種進行浸漬微影蝕刻之方法,該方法包括下列步驟:將浸漬流體置於晶圓與透鏡之間,透過該浸漬流體投射影像在晶圓上,及輸送經浸漬流體之成分飽和之清洗流體在浸漬流體附近,其中浸漬流體為一種包含溶劑及至少一種溶質之溶液,清洗流體係用該溶劑飽和,如此以 抑制該浸漬流體溶劑的蒸發,且防止且該溶質之沉積。
- 如請求項9之方法,其中溶劑為水。
- 如請求項9之方法,其中溶質包含無機或有機化合物。
- 如請求項9之方法,其中清洗流體包含經飽和之氣體。
- 如請求項12之方法,其中氣體為清潔乾燥空氣與氮氣之一。
- 如請求項9之方法,其中晶圓台及透鏡容納於外罩內,清洗流體之流被供應至外罩。
- 如請求項9之方法,其中浸漬流體局部供應在透鏡與晶圓之間。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| US10/882,916 US20060001851A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 | 2004-07-01 | Immersion photolithography system |
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| TW200616038A TW200616038A (en) | 2006-05-16 |
| TWI471901B true TWI471901B (zh) | 2015-02-01 |
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| EP (1) | EP1761824A2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2008504708A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR101213283B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101014905A (zh) |
| GB (1) | GB0424208D0 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI471901B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2006003373A2 (zh) |
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| JP4353179B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-25 | 2009-10-28 | 株式会社ニコン | 露光装置、露光方法、及びデバイス製造方法 |
| WO2005015315A2 (de) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-02-17 | Carl Zeiss Smt Ag | Mikrolithographische projektionsbelichtungsanlage sowie verfahren zum einbringen einer immersionsflüssigkeit in einem immersionsraum |
| US7924397B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2011-04-12 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Anti-corrosion layer on objective lens for liquid immersion lithography applications |
| KR101135232B1 (ko) | 2004-01-20 | 2012-04-12 | 칼 짜이스 에스엠테 게엠베하 | 마이크로 리소그래픽 투영 노광 장치 |
| JP2005353762A (ja) | 2004-06-09 | 2005-12-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 半導体製造装置及びパターン形成方法 |
| US7304715B2 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2007-12-04 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method |
| US7156925B1 (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2007-01-02 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Using supercritical fluids to clean lenses and monitor defects |
| US7397533B2 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2008-07-08 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method |
| EP1849040A2 (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2007-10-31 | ASML Netherlands B.V. | Immersion liquid, exposure apparatus, and exposure process |
| US7378025B2 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2008-05-27 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Fluid filtration method, fluid filtered thereby, lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method |
| US7433016B2 (en) | 2005-05-03 | 2008-10-07 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method |
| US7652746B2 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2010-01-26 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method |
| WO2007001848A2 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-01-04 | Sachem, Inc. | High refractive index fluids with low absorption for immersion lithography |
| DE102006021797A1 (de) | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-15 | Carl Zeiss Smt Ag | Optische Abbildungseinrichtung mit thermischer Dämpfung |
| US7866637B2 (en) | 2007-01-26 | 2011-01-11 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Humidifying apparatus, lithographic apparatus and humidifying method |
| US8514365B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2013-08-20 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method |
| NL1035908A1 (nl) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-03-26 | Asml Netherlands Bv | Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method. |
| NL1036596A1 (nl) | 2008-02-21 | 2009-08-24 | Asml Holding Nv | Re-flow and buffer system for immersion lithography. |
| NL2003392A (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2010-03-18 | Asml Netherlands Bv | Lithographic apparatus and a method of operating the apparatus. |
| KR101712219B1 (ko) * | 2009-03-10 | 2017-03-03 | 가부시키가이샤 니콘 | 노광 장치, 노광 방법, 및 디바이스 제조 방법 |
| JP2010263072A (ja) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-18 | Canon Inc | 露光装置、洗浄方法及びデバイス製造方法 |
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- 2004-11-01 GB GBGB0424208.7A patent/GB0424208D0/en not_active Ceased
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2005
- 2005-06-22 JP JP2007518676A patent/JP2008504708A/ja active Pending
- 2005-06-22 EP EP05755149A patent/EP1761824A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-22 CN CNA2005800225860A patent/CN101014905A/zh active Pending
- 2005-06-22 WO PCT/GB2005/002473 patent/WO2006003373A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-07-01 TW TW94122244A patent/TWI471901B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2006
- 2006-12-29 KR KR1020067027939A patent/KR101213283B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| US20060012765A1 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2006-01-19 | Nikon Corporation | Exposure apparatus and device fabrication method |
| US20050225737A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-10-13 | Carl Zeiss Smt Ag | Projection objective for immersion lithography |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101014905A (zh) | 2007-08-08 |
| US20060001851A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
| WO2006003373A2 (en) | 2006-01-12 |
| WO2006003373A3 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
| EP1761824A2 (en) | 2007-03-14 |
| JP2008504708A (ja) | 2008-02-14 |
| KR20070027655A (ko) | 2007-03-09 |
| KR101213283B1 (ko) | 2012-12-17 |
| GB0424208D0 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
| TW200616038A (en) | 2006-05-16 |
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