TWI470015B - 駐極體性粗粉的製造方法 - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
- G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
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- H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
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- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G7/00—Capacitors in which the capacitance is varied by non-mechanical means; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G7/02—Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric
- H01G7/021—Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric having an organic dielectric
- H01G7/023—Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric having an organic dielectric of macromolecular compounds
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本發明係有關於一種可用作在全彩之電泳顯示裝置(所謂電子紙)中使用的泳動粒子之駐極體性粗粉的製造方法。
近年來,一般認為利用荷電粒子(駐極體性粒子)之電泳的電泳顯示方法係下一代顯示裝置之最佳技術,然而,目前卻具有荷電粒子之形狀、帶電電位(ζ電位)小而不安定、泳動粒子之二次凝集或沈澱、歷史顯示影像之消除或反應速度不足等之許多問題。
於專利文獻1、專利文獻2中揭示有在前述用途中使用的駐極體性粒子。
於專利文獻1中揭示,「一種負荷電微粒子,其係於聚合高分子微粒子材料而製作的粒徑1μm至10μm之正球狀超微粒子之核心樹脂中,添加構成電子阱之樹脂,並於其照射10kGy至300kGy之電子射線而藉由帶駐極體性負電荷之微粒子,將核心樹脂著色成所期望之色彩」(申請專利範圍第1項)。
於專利文獻2中揭示,使用「一種著色負荷電微粒子,其係於高分子微粒子原料單體中,添加構成電子阱之材料、顏料等,並藉由懸浮聚合法、乳化聚合法、分散聚合法等,作成5μm至10μm之正球狀微粒子,並於其照射10kGy至50kGy之電子射線,且以90℃至110℃加熱十數分鐘,或以90℃至110℃照射10kGy至50kGy之電子射線而藉由帶駐極體性負電荷之微粒子,以-50mV至-100mV之ζ電位著色成所期望之色彩」(申請專利範圍第10項)。
然而,藉由習知各種聚合法所調製的駐極體性粒子皆為微粒子,在使用作為大畫面顯示器之泳動粒子時,會有相對於顯示器之大小而泳動粒子過小之問題。舉例言之,在微粒子時,由於相對於畫面而以點來表示,因此會有在微粒子彼此間產生間隙之虞。大畫面顯示器之泳動粒子係宜為粗粉者而並非微粒子,然而,目前尚未開發出可製造反應性能良好之粗粉的方法。
故,宜開發一種可有效地製造適合作為大畫面顯示器之泳動粒子的駐極體性粗粉之方法。
[專利文獻1] 日本專利公開公報特開2005-154705號公報
[專利文獻2] 特開2007-102148號公報
本發明之目的係提供一種可有效地製造適合作為大畫面顯示器之泳動粒子的駐極體性粗粉之方法。
發明人為了達成前述目的反覆銳意硏究之結果,發現若藉由以下方法,則可達成前述目的以致完成本發明,即:在將含氟樹脂片材駐極體化後,藉由粉碎前述片材,製造駐極體性粗粉。
即,本發明係有關於下述駐極體性粗粉的製造方法。
1.一種駐極體性粗粉的製造方法,係藉由於含氟樹脂片材照射電子射線或放射線而將前述片材駐極體化後粉碎前述片材者。
2.如前述第1項之製造方法,其中前述含氟樹脂片材係選自於由四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物片材(FEP)、四氟乙烯-全氟烷基乙烯醚共聚物片材(PFA)及聚四氟乙烯片材(PTFE)所構成之群中之至少1種。
3.如前述第1或2項之製造方法,其中前述駐極體性粗粉之平均粒子徑係0.5mm至3mm。
4.如前述第1至3項中任一項之製造方法,其中前述駐極體性粗粉係含有顏料。
5.一種駐極體性粗粉,係藉由如前述第1至4項中任一項之製造方法所取得者。
6.一種電泳方法,係於空氣中將如前述第5項之駐極體性粗粉配置於電極板間,並於前述電極板間施加外部電壓者。
7.一種電泳方法,係於矽油中將如前述第5項之駐極體性粗粉配置於電極板間,並於前述電極板間施加外部電壓者。
以下詳細地說明本發明之駐極體性粗粉的製造方法。
本發明之駐極體性粗粉的製造方法係藉由於含氟樹脂片材照射電子射線或放射線而將前述片材駐極體化後粉碎前述片材。
具有前述特徵之本發明之駐極體性粗粉的製造方法在特別先將含氟樹脂片材駐極體化後,藉由粉碎前述片材,可有效地製造業已均質地駐極體化之所期望之大小的粗粉。特別是由於在業已照射電子射線或放射線後進行粉碎,因此,不僅是含氟樹脂片材藉由照射而駐極體化,且在材料上變得脆弱而容易粉碎方面亦是有效率的。所取得的駐極體粗粉特別是可用作大畫面顯示器之泳動粒子,此外,亦可用作駐極體纖維、不織布、濾材(過濾器)、集塵袋、駐極體電容傳聲器等之材料。
前述含氟樹脂片材只要是具有作為電子阱之機能,則無特殊之限制,舉例言之,可列舉如:四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物片材(FEP)、四氟乙烯-全氟烷基乙烯醚共聚物片材(PFA)、聚四氟乙烯片材(PTFE)、四氟乙烯-乙烯共聚物片材(ETFE)、聚偏二氟乙烯片材(PVDF)、聚三氟氯乙烯片材(PCTFE)、三氟氯乙烯-乙烯共聚物片材(ECTFE)等。於該等含氟樹脂片材中,特別是以FEP片材、PFA片材及PTFE片材之至少1種為佳。
前述含氟樹脂片材亦可含有顏料。在含有顏料時,可取得業已在最後著色之駐極體性粗粉,且可用作全彩之電子紙材料。顏料可使用公知之無機顏料及有機顏料。
無機顏料並無限制,舉例言之,將碳作為主成分之黑色顏料可列舉如:碳黑、油煙、骨黑、植物性黑等,又,白色顏料可列舉如:氧化鈦、氧化鋅、碳酸鈣、硫酸鋇、氧化矽等。該等白色顏料可為了白色泳動粗粉的製造或粗粉比重調整而適當地使用。
有機顏料並無限制,舉例言之,可列舉如:β-萘酚系、萘酚AS系、乙醯乙酸、芳基醯胺系、吡唑哢系、乙醯乙酸芳基醯胺系、吡唑哢系、β-萘酚系、β-羥萘甲酸系(BON酸系)、萘酚AS系、乙醯乙酸芳基化物系之偶氮顏料。又,可列舉如:酞青系、蒽醌系(士林系)、苝系、紫環酮系、靛藍系、硫靛藍系、喹吖酮系、雙噁嗪系、異吲哚啉酮系、喹啉黃系、金屬錯合物顏料、次甲基‧甲亞胺系、二酮吡咯并吡咯等之多環狀顏料。此外,可列舉如:吖嗪顏料、晝光螢光顏料(染料樹脂固溶體)、空心樹脂顏料、亞硝基顏料、硝基顏料、天然顏料等。
具體之市售品可列舉如:DIC(股)製造之斯姆勒堅牢黃(Symuler fast yellow) 4GO、Fasdtogen super magenta RG、Fasdtogen blue TGR或富士色素(股)製造之富士堅牢紅(Fuji fast red) 7R3300E、富士堅牢洋紅(Fuji fast carmine) 527等。
該等顏料之平均粒子徑係宜為0.02μm至20μm,且更為理想的是0.02μm至3μm。該平均粒子徑係依下述所求取之值,即:藉由離子交換水將顏料分散體稀釋成5000倍,並使用動態光散射式粒徑分布測定裝置「LB-500」(堀場製作所製造),且藉由離子交換水將著色劑分散體稀釋成5000倍,並測定中值粒徑。
前述含氟樹脂片材之厚度並無限制,然而,若由駐極體化之效率或粉碎後的粗粉之平均粒子徑之觀點來看,則宜為1000μm至3000μm,且更為理想的是100μm至1000μm。
於本發明之製造方法中,首先,藉由於前述含氟樹脂片材照射電子射線或放射線而駐極體化。電子射線或放射線之照射條件只要是可將含氟樹脂片材駐極體化則無限制,然而,宜使用可自垂直方向於片材全體同時且均一地照射電子射線或放射線之裝置。
照射量並未限制,可按照片材之材質及厚度而適當地設定。在片材之厚度大時,藉由將加速電壓加大且將照射量增多,而可輕易地將片材全體駐極體化。照射量係例如可使用電子射線加速器而照射10kGy至2000kGy之電子射線,又,放射線係例如可照射1kGy至15kGy之伽瑪射線。
在業已將含氟樹脂片材駐極體化後,藉由粉碎裝置來粉碎片材,粉碎裝置並無限制,可利用公知之塑膠膜粉碎裝置。藉由粉碎所取得的粗粉之平均粒子徑並無限制,然而,宜為0.5mm至3mm,且更為理想的是1mm至2mm,若為前述平均粒子徑之範圍,則即使在使用作為大畫面顯示器之泳動粒子時反應性亦良好。藉由經過前述過程,可取得均一地具有負電荷之駐極體性粗粉,另,該平均粒子徑係使用光學顯微鏡所測定的任意10個粗粉之直徑之算術平均值。
前述駐極體性粗粉係配置於電極板間,且藉由於電極板間施加外部電壓而顯示電泳,此時,電泳介質並無限制,以空氣中為首,亦可使用液體介質,舉例言之,液體介質可列舉如:乙二醇(EG)、丙二醇(PG)、甘油、矽油、氟系油、石油系油等。前述矽油可列舉如二甲基矽油等,又,前述氟系油可列舉如全氟聚醚油等。於該等介質中,特別是以矽油為佳。
由於前述駐極體性粗粉係異型粒子,因此,比起相對於畫面而以點來表示之習知球狀微粒子,由於可用面來表示,因此顯示面積大,且具有在粗粉彼此間不易產生間隙之優點。
本發明之駐極體性粗粉的製造方法在特別先將含氟樹脂片材駐極體化後,藉由粉碎前述片材,可有效地製造業已均質地駐極體化之所期望之大小的粗粉。特別是由於在業已照射電子射線或放射線後進行粉碎,因此,不僅是含氟樹脂片材藉由照射而駐極體化,且在材料上變得脆弱而容易粉碎方面亦是有效率的。所取得的駐極體粗粉特別是可用作大畫面顯示器之泳動粒子,此外,亦可用作駐極體纖維、不織布、濾材(過濾器)、集塵袋、駐極體電容傳聲器等之材料。
第1圖係粉碎業已駐極體化之PTFE片材而取得的粗粉之一例。
以下顯示調製例及試驗例而具體地說明本發明,然而,本發明並不限於調製例及試驗例。
調製例1至調製例11
在業已藉由於含氟樹脂片材進行電子射線照射而駐極體化後,藉由粉碎含氟樹脂片材而調製駐極體性粗粉。
下述表1係顯示含氟樹脂片材之種類、電子射線之加速電壓、照射線量以及含氟樹脂片材之厚度及粗粉之平均粒子徑。
試驗例1(電泳試驗)
將藉由調製例1至調製例11所取得的駐極體性粗粉分別分散在白色絕緣性液體(矽油,KF96L-0.65,信越化學工業製造)中。
於7cm正方形之PET膜(帝人(TEIJIN)製造之麥拉(MYLAR)850,厚度15μm至30μm)中包含各分散液各2cc,且將四周進行熱封。全體之厚度係構成0.5μm至1μm,藉此,取得駐極體性粗粉分散液(11種類)之試樣。
為了比較,亦製作未進行電子射線照射之試樣(11種類)。
藉由夾具夾持各試樣及比較試樣之兩端,並與高壓電源之端子連結。於夾具間施加2000V之電壓,並觀察電泳之狀態。
其結果,業已駐極體化之各試樣係規則且高速地電泳,並全部朝+極移動,另一方面,未駐極體化之各試樣係不規則地電泳,且有朝+極移動者及朝-極移動者。
第1圖係粉碎業已駐極體化之PTFE片材而取得的粗粉之一例。
Claims (5)
- 一種駐極體性粗粉的製造方法,係藉由於含氟樹脂片材照射電子射線或放射線而將前述片材駐極體化後粉碎前述片材者,其中前述含氟樹脂片材係選自於由四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物片材(FEP)、四氟乙烯-全氟烷基乙烯醚共聚物片材(PFA)及聚四氟乙烯片材(PTFE)所構成之群中之至少1種,且前述駐極體性粗粉之平均粒子徑係0.5mm至3mm。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之製造方法,其中前述駐極體性粗粉係含有顏料。
- 一種駐極體性粗粉,係藉由如申請專利範圍第1或2項之製造方法所製得者。
- 一種電泳方法,係於空氣中將如申請專利範圍第3項之駐極體性粗粉配置於電極板間,並於前述電極板間施加外部電壓者。
- 一種電泳方法,係於矽油中將如申請專利範圍第3項之駐極體性粗粉配置於電極板間,並於前述電極板間施加外部電壓者。
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| JP2007102148A (ja) * | 2005-10-05 | 2007-04-19 | Takao Kawamura | エレクトレット性着色泳動微粒子を用いたモノクロ・カラ−反射・透光型電気泳動表示装置−i。 |
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