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TWI464062B - Fiber sheet - Google Patents

Fiber sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI464062B
TWI464062B TW98112868A TW98112868A TWI464062B TW I464062 B TWI464062 B TW I464062B TW 98112868 A TW98112868 A TW 98112868A TW 98112868 A TW98112868 A TW 98112868A TW I464062 B TWI464062 B TW I464062B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
yarn
fiber
fiber sheet
woven fabric
sheet
Prior art date
Application number
TW98112868A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW200948615A (en
Inventor
Fumio Miyahara
Mitsunori Saitoh
Naoko Yamaguchi
Original Assignee
Ohki Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ohki Co Ltd filed Critical Ohki Co Ltd
Publication of TW200948615A publication Critical patent/TW200948615A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI464062B publication Critical patent/TWI464062B/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B01D39/163—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin sintered or bonded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
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    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
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    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
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    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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Description

纖維片材
本發明係關於一種適合作為紅茶、綠茶等之茶袋之濾材的纖維片材。
先前，作為紅茶、綠茶等之茶袋等之濾材，係使用將高熔點不織布層與低熔點不織布層積層之不織布製過濾片材(專利文獻1)、或對尼龍線進行平織而得之尼龍紗。不織布製過濾片材與尼龍紗相比較為廉價，因而被廣泛使用，但存在由於透明性較差，因此使用者難以明瞭茶袋內之茶葉之性狀的問題。
尼龍紗於透明性方面較為優異，且素材亦具有高級感，因此適合於高品質之茶。但是，尼龍紗之生產速度通常於寬度1.5~2m下為0.1m/min左右，不織布製之片材於寬度1~3m下生產速度為100~300m/min左右，相對於此，尼龍紗之生產速度明顯緩慢，成本相應地提高。
專利文獻1：日本實用新型登錄第2513153號公報
專利文獻2：日本專利特開2000-128233號公報
本發明之目的在於提供一種新的纖維片材，其如尼龍紗般於透明性方面優異，具有高級感，且可如不織布製過濾片材般獲得較高之生產性。
本發明者發現，若於纖維密度大幅降低至特定範圍之紗上積層特定之不織布，則可獲得具有紗之質感、並且透明性及斷裂強度優於先前之不織布製過濾片材的纖維片材，且該纖維片材可實現相對於先前之紗而言顯著較高之生產性。
即，本發明提供一種纖維片材，其係於紗上積層不織布而成者，並且，紗滿足經紗纖度為5~40丹尼、經紗密度為40~100根/英吋、緯紗纖度為5~40丹尼、緯紗密度為20~100根/英吋，不織布包含纖度為4.0丹尼以下之熔噴不織布、紡黏不織布或梳棉不織布，纖維片材之單位面積重量為7.5~20g/m2 ，另外，本發明提供一種由該纖維片材所形成之茶袋用濾材。
本發明之纖維片材由於由經紗與緯紗所形成的紗之質感而具有高級感。
而且，本發明之纖維片材具有較不織布製過濾片材高之透明性。因此，若利用使用該纖維片材所製造之茶袋，則可容易地觀察到茶袋內之茶葉之展開情況。
而且，本發明之纖維片材的斷裂強度較先前之不織布製過濾片材優異，而且與先前之尼龍紗相比可提高生產速度，且熱封特性或超音波密封特性亦優異。因此，利用本發明之纖維片材，可提高茶袋之生產性。
以下，詳細說明本發明。
本發明之纖維片材係於紗上積層不織布而成者。其中，對於紗，就對本發明之纖維片材賦予作為茶袋用過濾片材材料所必需之片材強度及較理想的透明性方面而言，係使用滿足經紗纖度為5~40丹尼、經紗密度為40~100根/英吋、緯紗纖度為5~40丹尼、緯紗密度為20~100根/英吋者。
若經紗或緯紗之纖度過細，則無法對紗進行編織，而且，亦無法獲得為製造茶袋所必需之斷裂強度。為提高紗之斷裂強度，可提高經紗密度或緯紗密度，但若提高該等之密度則會造成透明性或生產性下降。相反，若經紗或緯紗之纖度過粗，則對經紗密度或緯紗密度相同之片材所使用的纖維重量增加，違背減少材料之要求。針對於此，本發明中使經紗及緯紗之纖度為5~40丹尼、較好的是15~30丹尼，藉此，可對本發明之纖維片材賦予透明性以及為製造茶袋所必需之斷裂強度。
若紗之線密度過低，則紗之織眼偏移，由纖維片材來製造茶袋時容易漏粉。為消除漏粉之問題，考慮將不織布較厚地積層於紗上，但若較厚地積層不織布，則透明性下降。相反，若線密度較高，則編織紗較為耗費時間，生產成本上升。尤其是由於緯紗密度與紗之編織速度成反比，因此較好的是於織眼偏移等不成為問題的範圍內降低緯紗密度。針對於此，本發明中使經紗密度為40~100根/英吋、緯紗密度為20~100根/英吋，較好的是經紗密度為40~70根/英吋、緯紗密度為30~60根/英吋，藉此，可消除由纖維片材所製造之茶袋漏粉之問題，且可較先前大幅提高透明性及生產性。更具體而言，可使寬度為100~200mm之紗的生產速度達到較先前的紗之抽出片材快的0.1~0.5m/min。
另外，就纖維片材對由纖維片材來製造茶袋之製袋填充機的機械適應性方面而言，較好的是使經紗密度與緯紗密度相同，但是由於緯紗密度會對紗之生產速度產生較大影響，因此亦可於不損害纖維片材對製袋填充機之機械適應性的範圍內，使緯紗密度相對於經紗密度較低。
作為紗之織線之構成纖維，可使用普通織物用之長纖維，就不易變色、不會產生不需要之溶出物方面，製造茶袋時之熱封適應性優異方面，以及容易利用熱而使纖維彼此固定以使編織不偏移方面而言，合適的是聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯等之聚酯，聚丙烯、聚乙烯等之聚烯烴，聚乳酸、或者脂肪族聚酯系或芳香族聚酯系生物降解性纖維等。
另外，就使用後之廢棄處理方面而言，合適的是生物降解性纖維，其中，就在通常之使用狀況下加工性、耐熱性及耐久性等優異，廢棄處理後可由微生物迅速地進行生物降解之特性而言，更合適的是芳香族聚酯系生物降解性纖維。例如，作為芳香族聚酯系生物降解性纖維，可列舉如下芳香族聚酯共聚物等，即，該芳香族聚酯共聚物具有由對苯二甲酸、磺酸金屬鹽、脂肪族二羧酸、乙二醇及二乙二醇所構成之重複單元，且酸成分中，對苯二甲酸為約50莫耳%~約90莫耳%，磺酸金屬鹽為約0.2莫耳%~約6莫耳%、以及脂肪族二羧酸為約4莫耳%~約49.8莫耳%，二醇成分中，乙二醇為約50莫耳%~約99.9莫耳%、以及二乙二醇為約0.1莫耳%~約50莫耳%，具體而言，可列舉可自杜邦(Du Pont)(股)獲得之Apexa(註冊商標)等。
紗之織線可使用：單絲、將複數根絲撚搓而成之多絲、將複數根絲集束而非撚搓而成之纖維束、以及包含低熔點之芯部與高熔點之鞘部的芯鞘型複合絲等。藉由使用芯鞘型複合絲，可使纖維彼此牢固地固定，因此可防止用製袋填充機對纖維片材進行加工時片材彎曲。而且，藉由使用將複數根絲集束而非撚搓而成之纖維束作為緯紗，可縮短編織所耗之時間。
於使用芯鞘型複合絲之情形時，較好的是使芯部與鞘部之熔點差為20℃以上。例如，芯部使用熔點為200~250℃之高熔點聚乳酸、鞘部使用熔點為160~180℃之低熔點聚乳酸，或者芯部使用熔點為250~270℃之聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、鞘部使用熔點為180~220℃之低熔點聚酯，或者芯部使用熔點為160~170℃之聚丙烯、鞘部使用熔點為135~145℃之乙烯-丙烯共聚物或熔點為120~140℃之聚乙烯，藉此可利用熱而使纖維彼此固定。另外，可藉由於編織完成後吹附熱風而將纖維彼此固定，除此以外，亦可藉由積層熔噴不織布作為不織布時之熱風而將纖維彼此固定。
另一方面，與紗積層之不織布係纖度為4.0丹尼以下之熔噴不織布、紡黏不織布或梳棉不織布。其中，對於不織布之纖度，就確保透明性及防止漏粉之觀點而言，其纖度較好的是3.0丹尼以下，更好的是2.0丹尼以下。另外，至於不織布之形態，就可藉由將不織布之構成纖維直接吐出於紗上，而同時實現不織布之形成與不織布與紗之積層方面而言，較好的是熔噴不織布、紡黏不織布。
另外，若不織布之構成纖維之纖度大於4.0丹尼，則將不織布與上述紗積層時，若使不織布之厚度為可確保纖維片材的透明性之厚度，則難以防止該纖維片材漏粉，藉由使其纖度為4.0丹尼以下，可使不織布形成為可確保纖維片材之透明性之薄度，且可防止纖維片材漏粉。若使不織布之構成纖維之纖度為3.0丹尼以下，則確保該纖維片材之透明性與防止該纖維片材漏粉間之平衡性變得更合適，若為2.0丹尼以下則更合適。另外，不織布之構成纖維之纖度並無特別之下限，只要為0.1丹尼以上則容易獲得。
於將紗與不織布積層而成的本發明之纖維片材之表面，紗之構成纖維僅存在於其織眼部分，與此相對，不織布之構成纖維則均勻地存在於整個積層面上，因此，就獲得均勻之密封強度方面而言，較好的是使不織布承擔纖維片材之熱封性。另外，於藉由熱封而對纖維片材製袋之情形時，需要使片材之重合部分之外側之層為高熔點、內側之層為低熔點。因此，較好的是使不織布之構成纖維的熔點低於紗之構成纖維的熔點，且使兩者之熔點差為40℃以上。
作為於紗之構成纖維與不織布之構成纖維之間設定熔點差之方法，除使用熔點不同之纖維素材以外，亦可列舉以下方法等：使紗之構成纖維為延伸纖維、不織布之構成纖維為未延伸纖維，藉此使纖維之結晶性存在差異從而設定熔點差。
不織布之構成纖維之種類，可使用上述作為紗之織線之構成纖維而例示的纖維，較適宜的是使用與紗具有親和性者。
作為紗之構成纖維與不織布之構成纖維的較佳組合，例如可列舉：紗為聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、不織布為低熔點聚酯之態樣；紗為聚丙烯、不織布為乙烯-聚丙烯共聚物或聚乙烯之態樣；紗為聚乳酸、不織布為聚乳酸或琥珀酸系生物降解樹脂之態樣；紗為芳香族聚酯系生物降解性纖維(延伸)、不織布為芳香族聚酯系生物降解性纖維(未延伸或半延伸)之態樣等。
對於不織布之單位面積重量，就防止由纖維片材製造之茶袋漏粉的觀點而言，較好的是0.5g/m2 以上，就透明性之觀點而言，較好的是5g/m2 以下，就上述兩方之觀點而言，更好的是1~3g/m2 。
另外，對於在紗上積層不織布而成的本發明之纖維片材之單位面積重量，就生產性、防止漏粉及透明性之觀點而言，較好的是7.5~20g/m2 。
藉此，即便將茶葉粉末填充於由該纖維片材製造之茶袋中時亦不會漏粉，且可目視確認茶袋內之茶葉之狀態。
對於紗與不織布之積層方法，由於紗之生產速度相比不織布之生產速度較低，因此，較好的是首先製造紗，然後將紗與不織布積層。更具體而言，藉由向預先製造之紗上噴附熔融之纖維狀樹脂而將紗與不織布積層，且於該狀態下使其固定。或者，為進一步提高紗與不織布之接著強度，而於將紗與不織布積層後實施壓花加工或砑光加工。於將紗與不織布積層後於該狀態下使其固定之情形時，製成茶袋且填充茶葉等之內容物後，該內容物有時會貼附於不織布表面之纖維之絨毛上，損害茶袋之美觀性，若實施砑光加工，則可使不織布表面之纖維彼此接著從而抑制起毛，因此就茶袋之美觀性方面而言較好。
另外，砑光加工中之處理溫度係根據不織布之構成纖維而適當設定。例如，於低熔點聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯之情形時，於300℃下進行延伸或纖維化，於約140~200℃下進行壓花加工或砑光加工，以於將該纖維積層在紗上之後使之固定。
如此，本發明之纖維片材可以相對於先前之作為茶袋用過濾片材而使用之尼龍紗為2~10倍的生產速度進行製造。
本發明之纖維片材利用JIS L1906普通長纖維不織布試驗方法、拉伸強度及延伸率之測定法所測定的斷裂強度滿足，縱30~300N/50mm、橫20~300N/50mm，較好的是縱100~300N/50mm、橫50~300N/50mm，並且滿足以下式
Lt=Lw-Lb
(式中，Lb：於纖維片材之背面側放置黑色板時之白色光之反射率(%)
Lw：於纖維片材之背面側放置標準白色板時之白色光之反射率(%))
而計算出之透明度Lt為60%以上，較好的是70%以上，因此本發明之纖維片材係兼具作為茶袋用過濾片材所需之斷裂強度與較理想的透明性者。因此，即便用製袋填充機對其進行加工、或者將暫時黏貼於其表面之標籤剝離均不會產生斷裂，而且容易目視確認茶袋內之內容物。
另外，由於本發明之纖維片材的表面均勻地具有孔徑為50~300μm、較好的是孔徑為100~200μm之孔，因此滲水性良好，但不會發生茶葉漏粉等，係適合作為茶等之萃取用濾材者。
實施例
實施例1
(1)纖維片材之製造
以如下之規格而製造於紗上積層有不織布之纖維片材。
紗
‧纖維素材：芯鞘結構
芯部　聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯50%
鞘部　間苯二甲酸共聚合聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯50%
‧纖維密度：1.38
‧纖度：25丹尼
‧經紗密度：50根/英吋、緯紗密度：50根/英吋
不織布
‧纖維素材：聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯
‧種類：熔噴不織布
‧纖度：0.8丹尼
‧單位面積重量：2g/m2
(2)評價
所得纖維片材之單位面積重量為13g/m2 。而且，具有由經紗與緯紗所形成之紗的高級質感。
繼而，以如下方式測定該纖維片材之(a)斷裂強度、(b)透明度、(c)孔徑分布。
(a)斷裂強度
依照JIS L 1906普通長纖維不織布試驗方法、拉伸強度及延伸率之測定法而進行測定。其結果，縱80N/50mm、橫80N/50mm。
(b)透明度
分別於在纖維片材之背面放置黑色板之情形時、與放置標準白色板之情形時，用Macbeth分光光度計(CE-3000，阪田油墨(Sakata Inx)製造)測定反射率，藉由下式求出透明度Lt。
Lt=Lw-Lb
(式中，Lb：於纖維片材之背面側放置黑色板時之白色光之反射率(%)Lw：於纖維片材之背面側放置標準白色板時之白色光之反射率(%))其結果，透明度為82%。
(c)孔徑分布
藉由利用泡點法(JIS K 3832)之孔徑分布測定器進行測定。其結果，具有140~200μm之孔徑分布。
實施例2
(1)纖維片材之製造
以如下之規格而製造於紗上積層有不織布之纖維片材。
紗
‧纖維素材：聚乳酸單絲
‧纖維密度：1.24
‧纖度：25丹尼
‧經紗密度：50根/英吋、緯紗密度：45根/英吋
不織布
‧纖維素材：聚乳酸
‧種類：熔噴不織布
‧纖度：0.6丹尼
‧單位面積重量：2g/m2
(2)評價
所得纖維片材之單位面積重量為12g/m2 。而且，具有由經紗與緯紗所形成之紗之高級質感。
以與實施例1相同之方式測定纖維片材之(a)斷裂強度、(b)透明度、(c)孔徑分布，得到以下之結果。
(a)斷裂強度：縱65N/50mm、橫60N/50mm
(b)透明度：85%
(c)孔徑分布：180~220μm
實施例3
(1)纖維片材之製造
以如下之規格而製造於紗上積層有不織布之纖維片材。
紗
‧纖維素材：芳香族聚酯系生物降解性纖維(延伸纖維)(杜邦(股)製造之Apexa)
‧纖維比重：1.38
‧纖度：30丹尼
‧經紗密度：45根/英吋、緯紗密度：45根/英吋
不織布
‧纖維素材：芳香族聚酯系生物降解性纖維(未延伸纖維)(杜邦(股)製造之Apexa)
‧種類：紡黏不織布
‧纖度：3.0丹尼
‧單位面積重量：3g/m2
(2)評價
所得纖維片材之單位面積重量為15g/m2 。而且，具有由經紗與緯紗所形成之紗之高級質感。
以與實施例1相同之方式測定纖維片材之(a)斷裂強度、(b)透明度、(c)孔徑分布，得到以下之結果。
(a)斷裂強度：縱70N/50mm、橫70N/50mm
(b)透明度：79%
(c)孔徑分布：160~250μm
比較例1
以與實施例1相同之方式，對由聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯所形成之紡黏不織布(單位面積重量為12g/m2 、纖度為2丹尼)的(a)斷裂強度、(b)透明度、(c)孔徑分布進行測定，得到以下之結果。
(a)斷裂強度：縱30N/50mm、橫13N/50mm
(b)透明度：57%
(c)孔徑分布：100~450μm
比較例2
以與實施例1相同之方式，對由聚丙烯、聚乙烯芯鞘複合纖維所形成之乾式熱黏合不織布(單位面積重量為12g/m2 、纖度為2丹尼)的(a)斷裂強度、(b)透明度、(c)孔徑分布進行測定，得到以下之結果。
(a)斷裂強度：縱50N/15mm、橫18N/15mm
(b)透明度：52%
(c)孔徑分布：250~600μm
由以上之實施例1、2、3及比較例1、2可知，根據由紗與不織布積層而成之本發明之纖維片材，於使其單位面積重量與僅由不織布所形成之片材相同之情形時，相比僅由不織布所形成之片材，本發明之纖維片材之斷裂強度及透明度均可提高，且孔徑亦均勻。
 [產業上之可利用性]
本發明之纖維片材對於用製袋填充機加工具有充分之強度，可使用公知之低速或高速之任意的熱封型製袋填充機、或超音波型製袋填充機進行加工，藉此，可製造矩形、棱錐形以及其他各種形狀之袋。而且，由於孔較細小，因此可將粉末狀茶葉裝入於由該纖維片材所製造之茶袋中。而且，由於透明性較高，因此可察看茶袋內。因而，本發明之纖維片材作為綠茶、紅茶等之茶袋用濾材特別有用。另外，本發明之纖維片材作為湯汁、咖啡、沐浴露等之濾材亦十分有用。

Claims (7)

  1. 一種纖維片材，其係於紗上積層不織布者，且紗滿足：經紗纖度為5~40丹尼、經紗密度為40~100根/英吋、緯紗纖度為5~40丹尼、緯紗密度為20~100根/英吋；不織布包含纖度為4.0丹尼以下、單位面積重量為5g/m2 以下之熔噴不織布或紡黏不織布；纖維片材之單位面積重量為7.5~20g/m2 ；且以下式計算出之透明度Lt為60%以上：Lt=Lw-Lb(式中，Lb：於纖維片材之背面側放置黑色板時之白色光之反射率(%)；Lw：於纖維片材之背面側放置標準白色板時之白色光之反射率(%))。
  2. 如請求項1之纖維片材，其中不織布為熔噴不織布。
  3. 如請求項1或2之纖維片材，其中不織布之構成纖維為未延伸纖維。
  4. 如請求項1或2之纖維片材，其中不織布之構成纖維的熔點低於紗之構成纖維的熔點。
  5. 如請求項1或2之纖維片材，其中紗含聚乳酸、或者脂肪族或芳香族聚酯系生物降解性纖維，不織布含聚乳酸、琥珀酸系生物降解性纖維或芳香族聚酯系生物降解性纖維。
  6. 如請求項1或2之纖維片材，其中紗含芯鞘型複合絲，且 該芯鞘型複合絲之芯部與鞘部分別由聚乳酸所形成，芯部之聚乳酸之熔點相對於鞘部之聚乳酸之熔點高20℃以上。
  7. 一種茶袋用濾材，其係含如請求項1至6中任一項之纖維片材者。
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