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TWI332560B - High power led lamp with heat dissipation enhancement - Google Patents

High power led lamp with heat dissipation enhancement Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI332560B
TWI332560B TW096120844A TW96120844A TWI332560B TW I332560 B TWI332560 B TW I332560B TW 096120844 A TW096120844 A TW 096120844A TW 96120844 A TW96120844 A TW 96120844A TW I332560 B TWI332560 B TW I332560B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
liquid
light
light source
power led
heat
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TW096120844A
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English (en)
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TW200806922A (en
Inventor
Kun Yuan Chiang
Original Assignee
Liquidleds Lighting Co Ltd
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Publication of TW200806922A publication Critical patent/TW200806922A/zh
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Publication of TWI332560B publication Critical patent/TWI332560B/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
    • F21K9/23—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings
    • F21K9/232—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings specially adapted for generating an essentially omnidirectional light distribution, e.g. with a glass bulb
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
    • F21K9/23—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings
    • F21K9/233—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings specially adapted for generating a spot light distribution, e.g. for substitution of reflector lamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/08—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
    • F21S8/085—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light
    • F21S8/086—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light with lighting device attached sideways of the standard, e.g. for roads and highways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/51—Cooling arrangements using condensation or evaporation of a fluid, e.g. heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/56—Cooling arrangements using liquid coolants
    • F21V29/58—Cooling arrangements using liquid coolants characterised by the coolants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/60—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air
    • F21V29/67—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
    • F21V29/75—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with fins or blades having different shapes, thicknesses or spacing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
    • F21V29/77—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical diverging planar fins or blades, e.g. with fan-like or star-like cross-section
    • F21V29/773—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical diverging planar fins or blades, e.g. with fan-like or star-like cross-section the planes containing the fins or blades having the direction of the light emitting axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
    • F21V3/06—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by the material
    • F21V3/061—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by the material the material being glass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
    • F21V3/06—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by the material
    • F21V3/062—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by the material the material being plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H10W72/07554—
    • H10W72/547—
    • H10W72/5522—
    • H10W90/756—

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)

Description

1332560 九、發明說明： •【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明有關一種電燈’特別關於一種照明用途的高功 率LED電燈。 【先前技術】 LED因為壽命長、省電及無廢棄物造成環境污染等環 保優點，已廣泛用於裝飾燈（例如水底燈）及指示燈（例如交 通號誌燈），但由於單位輸出功率產生的發光亮度不足、散 熱效率不佳及照明角度不足等問題，使其不適於照明用途 。隨著白光LED的改良，單位輸出功率產生的發光亮度漸 提升’解決了亮度不足的問題，具有發光亮度超越傳統白 熾熱燈泡發光亮度（301m/W)的白光LED已商品化，要產出 超越日光燈發光亮度（1001m/W)的商品化白光LED也指曰 可待，因此散熱效率不佳及照明角度不足是目前LED用於 照明的主要問題。 圖1係典型的低功率LED 100，包括環氧樹脂透光鏡片 110覆蓋半導體晶粒102，正極腳106與負極腳108經金線 104連接半導體晶粒102。由於低功率LED 100在工作時產 生的熱量少，經正極腳106與負極腳108將熱傳導至PCB( 圖中未示）上的銅箔達到的熱傳導擴散已足夠幫助LED 100散熱，因此不需考慮散熱的問題。低功率LED 100主要 用於裝飾燈及指示燈，消耗功率小於0.3至0.4W。圖2係習 知的低功率LED電燈112,包括燈泡標準接頭120與外殼122 5 1332560 接合’ PCB 116在外殼122中’數個低功率led 100固定在 -PCB 116上，灌膠層114填充在外殼122中以保護pCB 116及 低功率LED 100的接腳，電源轉換驅動模組118連接在pCB 116與燈泡標準接頭120之間以驅動低功率led 100。每一 低功率LED 100產生的熱經pcb 116的銅箔傳導擴散，不需 額外的散熱器。外殼122為金屬或塑膠，當外殼122為金屬 時，大多因為結構強度需求，而非導熱或散熱需求。 圖3係習知的高功率LED 124 ’正極腳138與負極腳140 ® 經金線132與133連接半導體晶粒13〇，藉封裴樹脂128固定 • 在散熱墊片丨36上，此結構容置於塑膠外殼134中，光學鏡 片126覆蓋在封裝樹脂128上與塑膠外殼134嵌合。高功率 LED 124的消耗功率大於0.3W，由於在工作時產生的熱量 高’因此使用上需考慮散熱以避免過熱損壞。圖4係一種 幫助高功率LED 124散熱的結構142，包括散熱墊片136與 散熱鰭片146貼合金屬心塑膠電路板(MCPCB)144。高功率 Φ LED 124工作時產生的熱經散熱墊片136傳導至MCPCB 144 ’再傳導至散熱鰭片146，藉空氣的自然對流將熱散逸 至空氣中。散熱墊片136具良導熱性，材料有金屬、石墨 、碳素纖維、陶瓷或複合材料。圖5係習知的前散熱式高 - 功率LED電燈148 ’包括高導熱金屬製的反射杯150，外部 具環狀的散熱鰭片158,玻璃或塑膠製的光學鏡片152固定 在反射杯150的杯口，高功率LED 124在反射杯150底部， 電源轉換驅動模組154連接在高功率LED 124與燈泡標準 接頭156之間。高功率LED 124產生的光被反射杯150反射 6 1332560 •穿過光學鏡片152，其產生的熱經反射杯150傳導至散熱鰭 片158藉空氣的自然對流散逸。雖然散熱鰭片158增加對流 散熱的面積，但是熱傳導路徑長，高功率LED 124產生的 熱無法迅速傳導至散熱鰭片158，易導致高功率LED 124 過熱。為解決過熱問題，發展出背散熱式燈體結構如圖6 所示，背散熱式高功率LED電燈160包括光學鏡片162覆蓋 在高功率LED 124上’熱導管164連接在高功率LED 124與 電源轉換驅動模組168之間’熱導管164有許多散熱鰭片 ® 166，電源轉換驅動模組168有一對電源輸入端17〇。高功 - 率LED 124工作時產生的熱直接進入熱導管164，再由散熱 藉片166藉空氣的自然對流散熱。由於熱傳導路徑短，熱 導管164能迅速將高功率LED 124產生的熱經散熱鰭片166 發散出去，不過此背散熱式電燈16〇須在良好空氣流通的 裱境才能使散熱鰭片166達到較佳的自然對流散熱效果。 虽者散熱式向功率LED電燈160用於照明時，例如嵌入式或 • 繫頂式燈具，裝設的環境不具有良好空氣流通，因而導致 政熱效果大幅下降。圖7係背散熱式高功率LED電燈16〇用 於欣入'式燈具的示意圖，高功率LED電燈16〇位於燈罩172 中燈罩172介於樓板Π4與天花板176之間。由於高功率 LED電燈⑽包覆在燈罩172中，因此空氣對流受限於燈罩 —I72，政熱效果有限。圖8係背散熱式高功率LED電燈160 用於繫頂式燈具的示意圖，高功率LED電燈16〇固定在樓板 174與天化板176之間，因此自然對流的散熱效果受限於樓 板174與天化板176之間的狹小空間。當繫頂式燈具的燈盒 7 1332560 數增加，累積的溫升造成散熱效果下降。此外，在熱帶< .亞熱帶地區，天花板176與樓板174之間的空氣溫度常超過 40°C，亦限制高功率LED電燈160的散熱效果。 熱傳遞可以藉傳導、對流及輻射等方式進行，但前述 的高功率LED電燈148及160僅利用高導熱材傳導熱量及 增加發熱體與空氣接觸的面積提高室溫下的自然對流散 熱。以相同的散熱面積而言’自然對流的散熱量是強制對 _ 流（例如風扇）的1/4至1/10，且為達到理想的散熱效能，自 然對流的散熱鰭片間隔通常較大，造成自然對流散熱器的 ' 體積相對於強制對流散熱器龐大許多。考量風扇的壽命及 可靠度’強制對流散熱相對於高功率LED的長效可靠度而 言也不可行，因此隨著LED功率提高以因應照明需求，散 熱問題變得更加棘手難解。 由於高功率LED的接面工作溫度需低Kpot：，以避免 高功率LED過熱損壞，且高功率LED的發光亮度（流明值) # 及使用壽命皆與接面工作溫度成反比，因此提升高功率 LED的散熱效率以降低接面工作溫度成為高功率led用於 照明的基礎。圖9係高功率LED的發光亮度比率與接面工作 溫度的關係圖’顯示在理想狀態下，高功率LEd的接面工 - 作溫度須低於95°C，以保持發光亮度比率至少80%。圖1〇 - 係高功率LED的使用壽命與接面工作溫度的關係圖，顯示 在理想狀態下’高功率LED的接面工作溫度須低於95°C， 以保持使用壽命至少50 khr。 高功率LED電燈148的另一缺點是光損失高，這是因為 8 1332560 •高功率LED 124發出的光在反射杯150内多次反射後有一 .部份無法成為投射光，光穿透鏡片152時又有一部份反射 回到反射杯150，因而造成有效光利用率降低。 美國專利公開第20040004435號提出一種LED封裝包 括蓋子覆蓋凹槽，凹槽填滿冷卻液體包裹LED晶片，冷卻 液體直接接觸LED晶片提供散熱，表面上這似乎可提高散 熱效率；然而，此結構中冷卻液體僅當作熱的傳導體，因 鲁 此實際上無法有效提咼散熱效率，因為與固體相比，液體 的熱傳導較差，故冷卻液體取代傳統樹脂直接接觸LED晶 片不會降低散熱效率。進一步言，在高功率發光二極體的 應用中，LED晶片的工作界面溫度在11〇。〇，將使晶片界面 周圍的冷卻液體加熱至非常高的溫度，又該冷卻液體非熱 良導體，因此無法快速將熱從LED晶片傳送到周遭的空氣 中，故在晶片界面附近的冷卻液體將變得非常熱，而且熱 會維持在晶片界面附近的冷卻液體中。另一缺點為封裝太 • 小僅容納很少的冷卻液體，因此在散熱方面幾乎沒有液體 對流散熱的幫助’再者’於LED晶片工作界面的工作溫度 ，為110 C，故在晶片工作界面周圍的冷卻液體可能變為 包產生進而降低散熱效率。既然熱無法有效從冷卻液體 這路技離開，因此LED晶片產生的熱大部分仍是跟傳統 -^ED一樣由電極及金屬線傳送至接腳。此外，該封裝也可 月成為另-缺點’因為冷卻液體接觸裸晶可能紐晶 片導致損毀。 圖11係傳統白熾熱燈泡的配光曲線圖，顯示發光亮度 9 1332560 •比率在60%以上的照明角度為280°，圖12係典型的高功率 LED的配光曲線圖，顯示發光亮度比率在60%以上的照明 角度為110°，因此高功率LED用於照明的另一問題為照明 角度不足，無法達到環境照明要求光線廣泛而均勻的條件 ，需在光學設計上解決照明角度不足的問題才能開創高功 率LED用於照明的新契機。 因此，一種改善散熱、增加照明角度及提高照明亮度 的高功率LED電燈，乃為所冀。 【發明内容】 本發明的目的之一，在於提出一種用於照明的高功率 LED電燈。 本發明的目的之一，在於提出一種低成本的高功率 LED電燈。 本發明的目的之一，在於提出一種改善散熱的高功率 LED電燈。 本發明的目的之一，在於提出一種增加照明角度的高 功率LED電燈。 本發明的目的之一，在於提出一種提高照明亮度的高 功率LED電燈。 根據本發明，一種高功率LED電燈包括具有裝填液體 的腔室的容器，提供高功率LED源光穿透該液體的光源模 組，轴向導熱器具有第一部份鄰近該光源模組與第二部份 在該液體中沿著該腔室的轴向延伸至遠離該光源模組。在 1332560 •該光源模組的溫度升高時，該軸向導熱器將熱從該光源模 •組透過該液體傳遞_容器，因此該光源模組獲得快速且 良好的液體對流散熱。 • 肖液體有助於熱發散、擴展照明角度且提高亮度，較 佳者，在該液體中安排加速熱對流裝置以進一步提高散熱 八成本僅I知金屬散熱||片的1/5至1/1G ;光線進入該液 體後的光擴散可擴增照明角度，光線在該液體與容器之間 鲁的全反射可達到良好的聚光效果及增加照明亮度。 【實施方式】 圖P係根縣發明的高功率led電燈，圖H係分解 圖。在向功率LED電燈200中，容器2〇2的腔室2〇3内注滿透 明或半透明液體2G4 ;光源模組包括例如消耗功率大於 0.3W的高功率LED封襄體206在内部具有電源線222的 MCPCB 210上，封装樹脂2〇8將高功率lED封裝體2〇6及 • MCPCB 210固定在載具212上且產生水密作用；軸向籍狀 組合211在咼功率led封裝體206的前方且熱連接載具212 ’轴向導熱管213—端插入定位環圈214及密封蓋216中’ 另一端熱連接載具212;密封材料218在密封蓋216上密封 - 容器202管口；電源轉換驅動模組220在光源模組與燈泡標 • 準基座224之間，從電源線226引入的電源轉換成固定的直 流電流’經電源線222驅動高功率LED封裝體206。密封蓋 216的剖面如圖15所示，有楔形邊緣232及溝槽234讓密封 材料218達到較佳密封效果。回到圖13 ’載具212、軸向導 ‘熱管213及軸向鰭狀組合211均係熱良導體製成，輛向導熱 管213及轴向鰭狀組合211沿著腔室2〇3的軸向延伸，較佳 者，轴長介於腔室203的軸長的四分之一與一倍之間。軸 向導熱管213在載具212背面的液體中延伸至遠離高功率 LED封裝體206,轴向鰭狀組合211在載具212前面的液體中 延伸至运離尚功率LED封裝體2〇6，熱經軸向導熱管213及 軸向鰭片配件211傳導至液體204中較冷的部份，高功率 LED封裝體206產生的熱經MCPCB 210和載具212傳導至 軸向導熱管213及軸向鰭片配件211，再傳遞至液體2〇4中 ，如圖13中的箭號所示，液體2〇4經熱傳導及熱對流將熱 消散至容器202進一步將熱消散至環境空氣中，由於容器 202與環境空氣之間的接觸面積大，自然空氣對流可幫助 散熱，因此降低高功率LED封裝體206的接面工作溫度。即 使液體204的熱傳導低於金屬或其他固體材料，但軸向導 熱管213及轴向鰭狀組合211為熱的良導體材料製成，有足 夠高的熱傳導性將熱迅速從载具212傳導至液體204中，因 而強化熱移轉至液體204。軸向導熱管213及軸向縫狀组合 211將熱迅速傳導至液體2〇4中較冷的部份，可提高液體 204中的對流。當高功率led封裝體206點亮時，在液體2〇4 中之高功率LED封裝體2〇6如同熱源，容器202類似鍋爐， 在此情況下，高功率LED封裝體206加熱鄰近液體，較熱的 液體向上流動’因而在液體2〇4中產生自然對流。 容器202可根據高功率LED封裝體206的消耗功率選擇 較小或較大尺寸，容器202的平滑外表面有利於空氣流動 1332560 ’達到快速散熱的效果。容H2G2有反射性側壁228及透明 或半透日^壁2G3 ’反射性側壁228可藉鍍上金屬或光學膜 產生’容^202由_、塑膠、轉膠或其他透明或半透 明材料製成’載具212 '轴向導熱管213及軸向鰭狀組合211 由金屬石墨碳纖維、陶竞或複合材料或其他高導熱材 料製成’液體2G4最好選用無色、無毒、低黏度的透明或 半透明物’例如水、撖欖油、石m低黏度潤滑油。在 環境’皿度-30C至35c的寒帶地區，液體2()4以水為基礎， 其中添加曱醇、乙醇、乙二醇或其他防康劑。在環境溫度 35°C至赃的熱帶地區，液體綱以油為基礎。 在某些實施例中’液體2G4中添加微量染料如圖16所 示’當光236穿過液體2G4時，液體中的懸浮染料微粒挪 產生光236的反射與折射，提高侧向照明、擴大照明角度 及柔化入射至人眼的光。液體2〇4中的添加染料可依不同 的光顏色選用不同顏色，例如在白光及多彩光的應用 用白色染料，在紅、藍、綠、撥、黃等其他光顏色的應用 ’選用與尚功率LED封裝體2%產生的光顏色相同的染料， 以增絶豐富色光的顯示。若高功率LED封裝體施產生的 為紫外光，可在液體204中添加榮光粉或營光液利 光物吸收紫外光後釋放可見光的特性，在液體2〇4中添= 不同的螢光粉或螢光液使電燈200成為多彩的螢光燈。^ 依需求在液體2G4巾添加界面活性劑使染料或螢光粉 分布在液體204中。 9 圖13所示的電燈·可作為聚光燈(投射燈）或環境照 !332560 明。若電燈200為聚光燈，則液體204為透明且不添加染料 ’容器202有反射性側壁228，可在高功率LED封裝體206 的前方設光學鏡片以引導光投射。若電燈2〇〇作為環境照 * 明，則透明前壁230的投射角度最妤大於11〇。，容器2〇2有 • 透明側壁228和透明前壁230，在液體204中添加微量染料 〇 圖17係環境照明的實施例，可用於取代傳統燈泡。電 _ 燈240包括容器202，其腔室203注滿透明液體2〇4 ;光源模 組包含數個高功率LED封襞體206固定在高導熱載具244的 圓錐形表面上，經定位環圈214固定的軸向導熱管242機械 連接載具244;密封蓋216密封容器2〇2管口；電源轉換驅 動模組220連接在高功率LED封裝體206與燈泡標準基座 224之間，產生直流電流經軸向導熱管242中的電源線驅動 高功率LED封裝體206。同轴$熱桿⑷熱連#載具⑽且沿 著腔室203的軸向延伸將熱從載具2料消散至液體2〇4中， # 較佳者，同轴導熱柃245的軸長介於腔室203軸長的四分之 -與-倍之間’因而在液體2〇4中延伸至遠離高功率咖 封裝體206，將熱迅速從载具244傳導至液體2〇4中。較佳 者，轴向導熱管242及轴向導熱桿245為金㉟、石墨、碳纖 -維、陶瓷或複合材料製的熱導管，軸向導熱桿245為柱狀 . 或其他任何形狀。在本實施例中，容器202為透明球狀物 ’液體204包含微量染料。在不同實施例中，高功率咖 封裝體206包括不同光顏色，每次可點亮全部或一部份的 高功率LED封裝體206。 1332560 ' 圖18係環境照明的另一實施例，可取代傳統日光燈。 •在電燈246中’容器包括管狀物250，光源模組包括面對面 的反射杯252及253覆蓋管狀物250相對兩端，高功率LED 封裝體206及207分別在反射杯252及253中；容器的腔室 203内充滿具有微量染料的透明液體204 ;電源供應裝置 248電連接高功率LED封裝體206及207。反射杯252及253 具有光聚焦效果’管狀物250透明讓高功率LED封裝體206 及207的光穿過。由於高功率LED封裝體206及207在管狀物 • 250兩端’一些光沿著管狀物250產生全反射且藉液體204 • 中的懸浮染料微粒產生反射及折射，因而產生均勻照明效 果。在本實施例中，反射杯252及253由良導熱體製成以增 進高功率LED封裝體206及207的散熱。然而，高功率LED 封裝體206及207產生的熱主要經軸向導熱桿251傳遞至液 體204中，在液體204中的軸向導熱桿251的基座連接高功 率LED封裝體206或207的載具且延伸至遠離高功率LED封 鲁 裝體206及207使散熱效果更強。高功率LED封裴體206及 207可同時點亮或只點亮其中一個。 圖19係超高功率環境照明的實施例，在電燈乃彳中， 光源模組包括數個高功率！封裝體2〇6固定在載具264上 ，散熱器256貼附載具264且具有鰭片262，數個光學鏡片 258分別在高功率LED封裝體206前產生想要的照明角度； 與散熱器256接壤的容器260具有腔室203，填充透明液體 204。特別地，數個軸向導熱桿266連接載具264或散熱器 256強化高功率LED封裝體2〇6的散熱。在本實施例中，腔 15
I33250U •室203内的液體2〇4不添加染料，使照明角度更廣。 •々圖20係超高功率環境照明的另一實施例，在與燈泡相 二的電燈268巾’光源模組包括具有環形表面的載具27〇固 疋數個问功率LED封裳體206’容器274充滿液體276且與載 〃 270接壤。除了在上述實施例中所述，軸向導熱桿272的 基座在載具27〇附近但不直接連接載具，，尾部在液體 276中延伸至祕高功率LED封|體施。在高功率封 裝體206工作期間，高功率]^£)封裳體施及載具謂附近的 液，276麦熱，向溫液體276加熱軸向導熱管272，因此轴 ’向―熱官272將熱從光賴組麵體276傳導至容器274。 圖21係進一步提高散熱的示意圖，增加套筒278在圖 17的電燈24〇_向導熱桿245上。如圖21中的箭號所示， 轴向導熱柊245將熱從載具244傳遞至周圍液體204，在套 筒278中較熱的液體向上流動，因而在液體204中引起較強 的熱對流提高散熱。 • 圖22係又一個與燈泡相容的電燈280，光源模組包括 具有盤狀表面的载具282固定數個高功率LED封裝體200， 蓋子284覆蓋在高功率LED封裴體2〇6上，使高功率lED封 裝體206及載具282不直接接觸液體270，容器274與載具 • 27G接壤且具有充滿液體276的腔室，軸向導熱桿286熱連 接載具270將熱從載具270經液體276傳導至容器274，軸向 導熱柃286在液體276中延伸至遠離高功率[ΕΕ)封裝體2〇6 及載具282。 根據本發明，浸入液體中的軸向熱導體主要為將熱從 16 1332560 •工作中的LED封裝體經液體均勻地消散至容器，在電燈中 •的軸向熱導體可以包括熱導管，形態可以為管狀、棒狀、 柱狀或鰭狀，可以是柔軟或堅固的，軸向熱導體可直接連 接載具或不連接載具。若高功率LED封裝體及載具沒有直 接接觸液體，則軸向熱導體最好熱連接載具俾良好接收來 自載具的熱；若高功率LED封裝體及/或載具直接接觸液體 ，則軸向熱導體可僅有第一部份浸入鄰近載具的液體中， 經周圍的熱液體良好接收來自載具及高功率LED封裝體的 熱，第二部份在液體中延伸至遠離載具及高功率LED封裝 體。 根據本發明，為適應高功率LED在不同照明用途的應 用或要求，液體的材料能輕易地改變，且可改變容器的幾 何結構，例如大小及形狀，俾快速散熱及最佳化照明光學
17 1332560 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係習知的低功率LED ; 圖2係習知的低功率LED電燈； 圖3係習知的高功率LED ; 圖4係習知的高功率LED的輔助散熱結構； 圖5係習知的前散熱式高功率LED電燈； 圖6係習知的背散熱式高功率LED電燈； 圖7係習知的背散熱式高功率LED電燈用於嵌入式燈 具的不意圖， 圖8係習知的背散熱式高功率LED電燈用於繫頂式燈 具的不意圖， 圖9係高功率LED發光亮度比率與接面工作溫度的關 係圖； 圖10係高功率LED使用壽命與接面工作溫度的關係圖 圖11係傳統白熾熱電燈的配光曲線圖； 圖12係典型高功率LED的配光曲線圖； 圖13係根據本發明的高功率LED電燈； 圖14係圖13之高功率LED電燈的分解圖； 圖15係密封蓋的剖面圖； 圖16係圖13之高功率LED電燈懸浮染料微粒輔助側向 照明的示意圖； 圖17係用於環境照明的實施例； 圖18係用於環境照明的另一實施例； 1332560 圖19係用於超高功率環境照明的實施例； 圖20係用於超高功率環境照明的另一實施例； 圖21係進一步提高散熱的構造；以及 圖22係用於超高功率環境照明的又一實施例。 【主要元件符號說明】
100 低功率LED 102 半導體晶粒 104 金線 106 正極腳 108 負極腳 110 環氧樹脂透光鏡片 112 低功率LED電燈 114 灌膠層 116 PCB 118 電源轉換驅動模組 120 燈泡標準接頭 122 外殼 124 高功率LED 126 光學鏡片 128 封裝樹脂 130 半導體晶粒 132 金線 133 金線 1332560 134 塑膠外殼 136 散熱墊片 138 正極腳 140 負極腳 142 散熱結構 144 金屬心塑膠電路板 146 散熱鰭片 148 前散熱式高功率LED電燈 150 反射杯 152 光學鏡片 154 電源轉換驅動模組 156 燈泡標準接頭 158 散熱鰭片 160 背散熱式高功率LED電燈 162 光學鏡片 164 熱導管 166 散熱鰭片 168 電源轉換驅動模組 170 電源輸入端 172 燈罩 174 樓板 176 天花板 200 高功率LED電燈 202 容器 20 1332560
203 腔室 204 液體 206 高功率LED封裝體 207 高功率LED封裝體 208 封裝樹脂 210 金屬心塑膠電路板 211 轴向雜狀組合 212 載具 213 軸向導熱管 214 定位環圈 216 密封蓋 218 密封材料 220 電源轉換驅動模組 222 電源線 224 燈泡標準基座 226 電源線 228 透明側壁 230 透明前壁 232 斜面 234 凹槽 236 光線 238 染料微粒 240 高功率LED電燈 242 轴向導熱管 21 1332560 244 載具 245 同軸導熱桿 246 高功率LED電燈 248 電源供應裝置 250 管狀物 251 軸向導熱桿 252 反射杯 253 反射杯 254 高功率LED電燈 256 散熱器 258 光學鏡片 260 容器 262 鰭片 264 載具 266 軸向導熱桿 268 高功率LED電燈 270 載具 272 轴向導熱桿 274 容器 276 液體 278 套筒 280 高功率LED電燈 282 載具 284 蓋子 22 1332560 286 軸向導熱桿

Claims (1)

  1. 十、申請專利範圍： 1.一種咼功率發光二極體電燈，包括： 具有腔室的容器； 液體在該腔室中； 供做光源的高功率發光二極體光源模組，使該光源從 該光源模組的前方穿過該液體；以及 軸向導熱器，具有第一部份鄰近該光源模組與第二部 份在該液體中從該光源模組的前方沿著該腔室的轴向延 伸至遠離該光賴組，將熱從該光源模組透職液體均勾 地傳遞到該容器。 2. 如明求項1之電燈，其中該轴向導熱器係長條狀。 3. 如清求項1之電燈，其中該軸向導熱器係管狀。 4·如請求項1之電燈，其中該軸向導熱器係柱狀。 5·如叫求項1之電燈，其中該軸向導熱器包括轴向韓狀 組合。 6·如》月求項1之電燈，其中該軸向導熱器包括熱導管。 7.=求項i之電燈，其中該光源模組包括熱傳導載具 承載一或！個高功率發光二極體封裝體。 笛月求項7之電燈’其中該載具連接該軸向導熱器的 盡一都。 9.如凊求項8之電燈，其 —部份都直接接觸該液體。 10·如請求項8之電燈， 率發光二極體封装體與該液 中該載具及該軸向導熱器的第 更包括蓋子將該載具及該高功 體隔離。 1332560
    11. 如請求項7之電燈，其中該載具鄰近該軸向導熱器 但不相連接。 12. 如請求項11之電燈，其中該載具及該軸向導熱器的 第一部分都直接接觸該液體。 13. 如請求項1之電燈，更包括套筒套在該軸向導熱器 幫助熱對流。 14. 如請求項1之電燈，其中該光源模組包括多個高功 率發光二極體封裝體使該光源具有至少二顏色。 15. 如請求項1之電燈，其中該液體包括複數個磷光或 螢光微粒。 16. 如請求項1之電燈，其中該液體包括防珠劑。 17. 如請求項1之電燈，更包括光學鏡片在該容器中以 引導該高功率發光二極體光源模組的照光角度。 18. 如請求項1之電燈，其中該光源模組包括二個面對 面的反射杯，每一反射杯有一或多個高功率發光二極體封 裝體，該容器包括管狀物在該二反射杯之間且該液體充填 在其中，該軸向導熱器的第一部份鄰近每一或任一反射杯 ，該軸向導熱器的第二部份沿著該管狀物的軸向延伸。 25
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