TWI310761B - - Google Patents
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- TWI310761B TWI310761B TW094146963A TW94146963A TWI310761B TW I310761 B TWI310761 B TW I310761B TW 094146963 A TW094146963 A TW 094146963A TW 94146963 A TW94146963 A TW 94146963A TW I310761 B TWI310761 B TW I310761B
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- Prior art keywords
- component
- temperature
- dielectric
- subcomponent
- oxide
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000239226 Scorpiones Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 241000238413 Octopus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 51
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical class C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001362 Ta alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HFVAFDPGUJEFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M alizarin red S Chemical group [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(O)=C2O HFVAFDPGUJEFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002305 electric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 or various oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
- C04B35/462—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates
- C04B35/465—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates
- C04B35/468—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on barium titanates
- C04B35/4682—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on barium titanates based on BaTiO3 perovskite phase
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
- B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
- B24B9/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
- B24B9/08—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass
- B24B9/14—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass of optical work, e.g. lenses, prisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/12—Devices for exhausting mist of oil or coolant; Devices for collecting or recovering materials resulting from grinding or polishing, e.g. of precious metals, precious stones, diamonds or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B18/00—Layered products essentially comprising ceramics, e.g. refractory products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62685—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures characterised by the order of addition of constituents or additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/002—Details
- H01G4/018—Dielectrics
- H01G4/06—Solid dielectrics
- H01G4/08—Inorganic dielectrics
- H01G4/12—Ceramic dielectrics
- H01G4/1209—Ceramic dielectrics characterised by the ceramic dielectric material
- H01G4/1218—Ceramic dielectrics characterised by the ceramic dielectric material based on titanium oxides or titanates
- H01G4/1227—Ceramic dielectrics characterised by the ceramic dielectric material based on titanium oxides or titanates based on alkaline earth titanates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3203—Lithium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
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Description
1310761 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關 以及使用此介電 子元件。 於具有耐還原性之介電體陶瓷器 體陶瓷器組合物之積層陶瓷致動 組合物、 器等的電 【无刖技術】 作為電子元件之積層陶究致動器係 作為小型、大容量、高信賴 “地利用,而 機器令所使用之個 子疋件,且在】台電子 個數亦多達數個。近 高性能化,對於積 現者機益之小型、 價格化、高信賴性化之 J支化大谷量化、低 要求也越來越嚴格。 積層陶莞致動器通常係使 體層用之膠,、 邛電極層用之膠與絕緣 ^ 十板法或印刷法奪;隹彡-«ρ 0 尹之内部電極層與絕緣 進仃逢積,將積層體 遐增冋時燒成而製得 以内部電極層之導電 _展得 合金,但由於Pd價格* Μ σ,—般雖然使用Pd或Pd 1只格间的緣故,因此 之合金等賤金屬的傾有使用比較便宜 電極層之導電材的情形下 γ ^用賤金屬作為内部 内部電極層會氧化由於一旦在大氣中進行燒成時 絕緣體層及内部電極要在還原性環境中同時進行 中燒成時,絕緣體層°但是’―旦在還原性環境 曰1遷原且比阻好 原性之絕緣體材料正持續地開發。 ’非還 但是,以往使用非還原性^絕緣體材料的積層陶竟致
2030-7669-PF 1310761 動1係存在著由電場之施加所引起之IR(絕緣阻抗)劣化、 IR哥命短、信賴性低等問題。 另外,在致動器中也要求良好的容量之溫度特性;特 別是’依據不同的料,也要求在嚴格的條件下必須具有 平坦的容量之溫度特性。近年,在汽車之引擎室内所搭載 的引擎電子控制單元(ECU)、曲軸角感測器、防鎖死刹車 系,UBS)模組等各種電子裝置中,開始使用積層陶究致 動器上述電子裝置由於為了能安定引擎控制、驅動控制、 以及剎車控制而使用,因此必須要求良好的電路之溫度安 定性。 上述電子裝置所使用之環境係予想為在寒冷地之冬季 中可以承受-2(TC左右以下之溫度;另外,於引擎啟動後, 在夏季可以承受+ 13(rc左右以上之溫度。最近,有削減與 電子裝置及其控制對象機器相連結之配線電纜( haeness)的傾向,由於電子裝置係設置於車外的緣故,所 以對於電子裝置之環境是日益嚴苛。因此,使用於上述電 子衣置之致動益必須在大的溫度範圍内具備平坦的溫度特 性。具體而言,所要求之介電體陶瓷器組合物的容量溫度 特性不僅僅要滿足EIA規格之X7R特性(一 55〜125。〇、△ p/C—±15%以内);也要滿足EIA規格之X8R特性(一 °C、AC/C: ±15% 以内)。 例如,以滿足X8R特性之介電體陶瓷器組合物而言, 在特開2004-214539號公報中揭示著—種介電體陶瓷器組 σ物,其具有預定組成且結晶粒子相互間之結晶粒子内的
2030-7669-PF 6 1310761 平均Ca濃度存在以cv值表示之5%以上的偏差。上述文 •,己載之介電體陶瓷器組合物係滿足X8R特性,·而關於容 量溫度特性方面,係具備可於—55~15(rc之溫度範圍内使 用的特性。但是,在上述文獻之介電體陶变器组合物中, 具有所谓絕緣阻抗(IR )溫度依存性不佳的問題;例如, 在高溫環境下,由於絕緣阻抗(IR)降低,因此造成在古 =下使用會有困難。而且,在上述文獻之介電體陶究器: δ物中,也有所謂Tc偏壓特性也劣化的問題。 【發明内容】 本發明之目的係提供一種介電體陶瓷器組合物,其中 此介電體m组合物除了比絕緣率高、可以維持絕緣阻 抗之哥命及DC偏壓特性(絕緣率之直流電壓施加依存 性)、且滿足容量溫度特性EIA規格之X8R特性(—Μ, nc/d15%以内)、且可以在還原性環境中燒成之 外’還可以改善K偏壓特性(直流f壓施 特性)及IR溫度依存性。料,本發明 ^里概度 _ 伞贫明之另一目的係提供 ,層陶究致動器等電子元件,其中此積層陶究致動写 :使用上述介電體陶-亮器組合物,且可以實現小型、大二 罝化’尤其是因應薄層小型化。 谷 為了達成上述目的’本發明之介電體陶£器組合物係 包括. 主成分’包含化合物,其中該化合物含有&
Ti且具有以-般式㈣3表示之詞鈦礦(以⑽)型結晶構
2030-7669-PF 7 1310761 造 第5副成分’包含Α之氧化物(而且,“ 離子半徑介於〇 〇65,。鳥m之間的陽離 子70素所,.且成之群組中至少1種); 其特徵在於··前述介電體陶£器組合物係、 _ 素之複數結晶粒子所構成; a凡 前述各結晶粒子之粒子内整體之Ca濃度平均值(各结 晶粒之Ca之固溶量的平均值)作為粒内ca濃产; °
前述結晶粒子相互間之前述粒内。濃度至少存在以 CV值表示之5%以上的偏差。
關於本發明’在含有預定之主成分的介電體陶竟器組 合物中’結晶粒子相互間之前述粒内Ca濃度之變動介於上 述預定範圍内,且含有5副成分;其中,&第5副成分包 含離子半徑介於u65nm〜Q.Q85nm之間的元素之氧化物。 因此除了比絕緣率兩、可以維持絕緣阻抗之壽命及DC偏 壓特I·生且谷量溫度特性滿足X8R特性,還可以改善偏 壓特性及IR溫度依存性。 在本發明中,上述” 1R溫度依存性,’係為一種瞭解絕 緣阻抗IR相對於溫度變化如何地變動之指標。此IR溫度 依存性雖係於預定溫度(例如l5()t)下之IR,但是也可 以根據基準溫度(例如室溫25X:)下之IR,計算出變化比 例(變化率)而進行評價。可以判斷出,複數個溫度間之 IR變化率小則IR溫度依存性良好;變化率大則IR溫度依 存性差。
2030-7669-PF 8 1310761 例如’即便容量溫度特性滿足EIA規格之讀,然而 一旦在X8R之溫度範圍内(牲人 固鬥(特別疋介於室溫與高溫度域之 間)之IR溫度依存性差的時候 θ lL ^ 才頂尤其疋,鬲溫度域之信賴 性會降低、且製品之實用性會 I有問喊。因此,優良之IR溫 度依存性尤其是判斷是否可 少 舍了以在尚溫度域下安定致動器並 使用的重要指標。 在本發明中,複數之溫 ^ , rno 又货从至皿(25 C )及高溫部 (1 5 0 C )為例,並以I β IR 八e丨主 I 分別表示該溫度下之絕 阻抗,且藉由算出以下述式 ” 色緣 (1 )所不之 IR位數低落” 之大小,評價IR溫度依存性之好壞。 1 〇g ( IR150/1R25 ) ...式(1) 尤其是,在本發明中,且古 ? α ^具有預定之主成分、且結晶粒 :相:間之粒…農度之變動位於上述預定範圍,特別 添加了預定之元素群所構成的第5副成分。因此 ::之介電體陶究器組合物除了滿足通特性 = 善介於室溫(25°C )盥高、、田邱r 1cn。 改
i ^ 皿部(l5〇〇c )之間的IR 存性,具體而言,上述式(1) 又依 3.00以上。 〇⑴心之W位數低落可達- ^本發明中,前述結晶粒子相互間之前述粒内^濃产 之變動以CV值表示的話,較佳去 又 权佳者係介於5%以上,不竦0Λ %之間,更較佳者係介於Η 不滿2〇 _ Α以上,18%以下之間。—„ 刖述結晶粒子相互間之針、f + — 越〇曰 間之别34粒内k濃度之CV值過 靜電谷ι之溫度依存性有惡化之傾向。 、 在本發明中,前述結晶粒子 、^ 丨1=1反間之則逑粒内ca濃度
2030-7669-PF U10761 變動係根據經由以下之方 也就是說,营本之方法而鼻出之cv值進行評價。 晶粒子進杆批允Γ 成^電體陶瓷器組合物之各結 進仃粒内Ca濃度測定, 濃度之平均值。接菩以作為母一粒子内全體Ca 度之平均值 出、、曰叔子相互間之粒内Ca濃 及其出粒内f A、,曾痒 根據平灼佶 濃度之抓準偏差σ。接著, 诹十均值X及標準偏差^玆丄 CV值進行評價。 ’ 述式⑴而求出之 CV值[% ]=(粒内c 度之平均值xhm ... (2) ^準偏差σ/粒内⑷農 在本發明中,前述 ^ ,ν X ^ ^ 弟5田】成为(含有Λ之氧化物的副 = = 相對於1〇°莫耳前述主成分而言…之 物換算的話,較佳者 係介於0 5苴且… ” 4冥耳之間,更佳者 副成分之含有量二V·0莫耳以下之間。-旦前述第5 -值會容易變大 而靜電谷置之溫度依存性會有惡化之傾 二产佑亡f面*含則述第5副成分時’ Tc偏壓特性及IR /皿度依存性會惡化。 ,前述第5副成分所含A之氧化物而言,以6配位時 -丰Γ子半釭介於°_065nm〜o.〇85nm之範圍内的陽離子 '、之氧化物較佳’雖不特別限定,但是以選自由Μ之氧 =物、Cr之氧化物、Ga之氧化物及Ge之氧化物所組成之 組中至少1種之氧化物較佳。尤其是,較佳者係從上述
_物Ga之氧化物及Ge之氧化物令至少選出1種 之氧化物,最佳者係A1之氧化物。 2030-7669-PF 1310761 在本發明中,、+、/ , 别述介電體陶瓷器組合物 辛之 .3有1相對於J〇〇 物r之Ca^c常之 抑莫耳以下,更二…03而言,較佳者係介於小於 下冑較佳者係介於i5莫耳 之間,再更較佳者係 25莫! 在本發明令,前诚i莫耳以上,22莫耳以下之間。 括: 電體陶瓷器組合物較佳者係更包 第1副成分,選擇自由Mg〇、⑽ 成之群組令至少】種; 如0以及Sr0所組 第2副成分,至少作為燒結助劑; 第3副成分,含有如之氧化物;以及 第4副成分’含有&氧化物(而且 Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、 T 選自由 Sc、
Tm、Yb 以及 lu 所组 & 夕 & Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、 u所組成之群組中至少1種)。 由於更含有前述第卜第4副 持X8R特性,更可 ^ ’除了可以維 步扣升電氣特性。 在本發明中,前述第2副成分較 成分之化合物’更較佳者係選“心m主 選自由^❿⑽所組成之群組 ^係
Li2〇及⑽所組成之群組中至少4。 1種之兀幻、 在本發明中,相對於100莫耳前述主点八& 第4副成分的比率較佳者係: 这主成刀之刚述第卜 第1副成分:0.1〜3莫耳; 第2副成分· 2〜1〇莫耳· 第3副成分:〇.卜2. 5莫耳;以及
2030-7669-PF 1310761 氧化物(而且’ A係選自由6配位時之有效離子半徑介 於〇.〇65nm〜0.085nm之間的陽離子元素所組成之群組中至 少1種)。 在本實施形態中,相對於100莫耳ab〇3而言,包含於 上述主成分中之觸3内的Cait素含量(固溶量)較佳者係 小於30莫耳、更佳者係介於15莫耳以上、25莫耳以下之 間、再更佳者係介於17莫耳以上、22莫耳以下之間。一旦 概内的Ca it素含量過多時,比絕緣率恐有降低之虞。另 過多,後述結晶粒子相互間之粒内Ca濃度之 值會變;、,容量溫度特性或TC偏壓特性恐有惡化之虞。 上述第5副成分之古旦# 取刀之3有里並不特別限定,雖說少量含 即,生效果’但是相對於100莫耳主成分而纟,換算為 A之氧化物的值較佳者係介於士认λ杜 Ρ有係,,於大於0莫耳、不滿4莫耳之 、更佳^係介於〇.5莫耳以上、3〇莫耳以下之間。另 外,Α之氧化物之含有量若為 叙 机丄 為不純物時,例如含有量介於 數ppm〜數十ppm時,其添 ' 筮w v 双禾有無法發揮的傾向。 第5田j成为之上述比率並非A單獨之 曰
之氧化物之莫耳比。也就是說,例如,使用、’而是A 為第5副成分時,若1第 1之氧化物作 右況第5副成分之比率 非是指A1之比率為1莫耳,而MAl2“莫耳,則並 的意思。另外,使用2種以上之複數元素,率為1莫耳 第5副成分時,合計含有量相對於⑽莫耳=物)作為 言,也可以介於上述範圍之間。也就是說:成分而 各氧化物之構成比率係任意選擇。n第5副成分中
2030-7669-PF 15 1310761 第5副成分係具有提高結 日日祖卞;f目互間之粒内「 之CV值的效果、盥改盖ΤΓ你两 円La,辰度 一也_ 、 ” 。TC偏壓及IR溫度依存性的效果。 旦弟5副成分之含有量過多時,容旦、w 之傾Θ。另一太& 谷里、/皿度特性會有惡化
<傾向。另一方面,不含第R 田〗成刀時,由於無法得至丨丨 偏壓特性及I β溫度依存性 … 由丄 改善政果,所以位於X8R之溫 度域内的信賴性會降低,會有 、 — 育有無法女定而使用之傾向。 上述第5副成分之陽離子 Γ广η 于疋素群雖包括I(0.067nm)、
Ge( 〇· 〇67mn)、Al( 〇· 〇675nm)、c
Lul ϋ· 068_)、Fe( 0. 〇69nm)、 Ni( 〇. 070nm)'Au( 0. 〇7ΐηιη)Λ A r p , J As( 〇. 072nm)、Cr( 0· 〇755nm)、
Ga( 0. 〇76nm)> At( 0. 〇76nm)^〇s( 〇 fi77 , n φ ^ us〈 u. 077nm)、Nb( 0. 〇78nm)、
Ta( 〇· 〇78nni)、C〇( 〇. 079nm)、Rh( U.U80nm ) > Ir( 0.082nm ) > Ru(〇.〇82nm)、或 Sn(〇 〇83nm、./口 a _ dnm),但疋不包括 p( 〇. 〇52nm)、 K (0.152nm)。而且,括抓免认批—^ 内的數予係表示6配位時之有 效離子半徑。 上述陽離子元素群中較佳者係A1、^、或更 佳者係Al、Ga、或Ge ;特別佳者係A1。 /在本實施形態中,除了上述第5副成分之外,較佳者 係更包含以下之第1〜第4副成分;更佳者係再包含以下之 弟6副成分。 也就是說,較佳者係更包括: 第1副成分,選擇自由MgO、CaO、BaO以及SrO所組 成之群組中至少1種; 第2副成分’至少作為燒結助劑; 第3副成分’含有Μη之氧化物;以及
2030-7669-PF 16 1310761 第4副成分,含有k氧化物(而 卜^、(^、卜、^、1>1„、^、恥、(^、係選自由3(:、
Tm、Yb以及Lu所組成之群組中至少⑷h、Ho、Er、 更佳者係再包含第6副成分,而該 V‘、M0〇3及W〇3所組成之群也中至少】種。田!成刀選自由 第1副成分 第2副成分 第3副成分 第4副成分 第6副成分 更佳者如下 第1副成分 第2副成分 第3副成分: 第4副成分: 第6副成分: 相對於100莫耳上述主成分而古,較 4副成分、及第6副成分之含有比率如下:…卜第 〇· 1〜3莫耳、 2〜1 〇莫耳、 〇· 1〜2· 5莫耳、 〇· 1〜14莫耳、 〇· 〇 1〜0. 5莫耳 〇· 5〜2. 5莫耳、 2, 0〜5. 0莫耳、 〇· 3〜1 · 5莫耳、 0. 5〜1 〇莫耳、 0. 1〜0. 4莫耳。 比,二第4副成分之上述比率並非^氧化物之莫耳 :二=素!獨之莫耳比。例如,…氧化物作為
Dy2〇3之比率並非i莫耳 旲斗則 莫耳的意思。 “ Dy元素之含有比率為i 另外,在本明細書中’雖然以化學量論組成表示構成
2030-7669-PF 17 1310761 上述主成分及各副成分之各氧化物, 业能U 1 —疋各氡化物之氧化 狀態也可以化學量論組成以外的形式 _ 八> ,不。而且,各副成 刀之上述比率係從構成各副成分之氧彳卜札 施曾Λ、L Α 匕物内所含之金屬量 換鼻成上述化學量論組成之氧化物而求出。 =成分而言’由於不但有上述第5副成分、還包括 第1〜第4、第6副成分,因此可以維持高絕緣率、I滿足 m特性。第卜第4、第6副成分之較佳含有量如上所述, 另外,其理由如下所述。 第1副成分(Mg〇、Ca0、Ba0及係顯示將容量溫 度特性平坦化之效果。,i副成分之含有量過少時, 容量溫度變化率恐有變大之虞。另一方面,—旦含有量過 多時’燒結性恐有惡化之虞。第i副成分中各氧化物之構 成比率係任意選定。
以第2副成分而言,較佳者為以氧化矽作為主成分之 化合物,更佳者係選自由Si〇2、MO(而且,肘係選自由 Ca、Sr及Mg所組成之群組中至少!種)、[“〇及匕〇3所 組成之群組中至少丨種。第2副成分雖主要作為燒結助劑, 但是於薄層化之際之初期具有改善絕緣阻抗不良率的效 果。一旦第2副成分之含有量過少時,容量溫度特性變差, 另外,IR (絕緣阻抗)降低。另一方面,一旦含有量過多 時,IR壽命會變短、且絕緣率會急速降低。 而且’在本實施形態中,以第2副成分而言,也可使 用(Ba、Ca) xSi〇2+x (其中,x = 〇. 7〜1· 2)表示之化合物。 [(Ba、Ca) xSi〇2+x]中之BaO及CaO雖包含於第!副成分, 2030-7669-PF 18 1310761 但由於作為複合氧化物之(Ba、Ca) xSi〇2+x融點低、且對 • 於主成分之反應性良好的緣故,可以將BaO及/或CaO當作 • 上述複合氧化物而添加。(Ba、Ca) xSi〇2+x中之X較佳者 係介於0. 7〜1. 2之間、更佳者係介於〇. 8〜1. 1之間。一旦 X過小時,也就是說Si〇2過多時,會與主成分之BaTi〇3反 應而使得絕緣體特性惡化。另一方面,。一旦X過大時, 由於融點會變高、而使得燒結性惡化的緣故,因此比較不 好。而且,Ba與Ca之比率係任意選擇,只含有其中一方 _ 也可以。 第3副成分(Μη之氧化物)係顯示促進燒結之效果、 與提高IR之效果、提升IR壽命之效果。一旦第3副成分之 含有量過少時,無法充分地發揮上述效果。另一方面,一旦 含有量過多時,恐有對容量溫度特性產生不良影響之虞。 第4副成分(R之氧化物)係顯示將居禮溫度向高溫 侧移動(Shift)之效果、將容量溫度特性平坦化之效果、 提升IR壽命之效果。一旦第4副成分之含有量過少時,上 1述效果則不彰,而容量溫度特性會變差。另一方面,一旦 含有量過多時,燒結性會有惡化之傾向。在本實施形態中, 以R元素而言,因為特性改善效果高之理由,較佳者係Y、 Yb、Ho 及 Dy。 ” 第6副成分(v2〇5、_3及w〇3)係顯示將在居禮溫度 以上之容量溫度特性平坦化之效果、提升IR壽命之效果。 —旦第6副成分之含有量過少時,上述效果不彰。另一方 面,-旦含有量過多時’IR則降低。而且,第6副成分中
2030-7669-PF 19 !310761 各氧化物之構成比率係任意選擇。 - 本實施形態之介電體陁 •之複數結晶粒子所構合物係由含有“元素 •全體中Ca濃度之::值二而/在將各結晶粒子之粒子内 互間之前述粒内CaJ:作:内。濃度時,結晶粒子相 .係介於⑽以上,不二值表示時係5%以上、佳者 不滿20%之間、更佳 不滿18%之間。藉由“曰 m 以上’ ㈣介於上述預定範圍 二之位内C“農度之 % 了以知升谷量溫度特性。 而且’ H 矣士曰如7上 义、.。日日粒子相互間之前述 變動係根據藉由以下之方、、“… n晨度Ca濃度之 也就是說,首先:二所异出之CV值而評價。 社曰粒子之抱;向構成介電體陶究器組合物之各 —粒子之拉子内全體c 濃度。接著,算出“… τ頂卩作為拉内Ca 出、·口日日粒子相互間之粒内c X、及粒内Ca濃度之椤進伧蓋 辰厌义十岣值 標準偏差σ,以下_ :差σ。之後’根據平均值X及 % , t Γν , 式(2)求出的Cv值而評價。也就是 說在⑺值大的時候(也就是 擊偏差σ之值大的眸任、 々雙勒之扣‘的払準 之變動係大的意思V另方、:晶相互間之粒内Ca濃度 動之指標的標準偏差二面值小的 •之粒内h省许 之值小的時候),結晶粒子相互間 /内Ca /農度之變動係小的意思。 ](粒内Ca濃度之標準偏差σ /粒内Ca濃 度之平均值X) xl00 ...⑴ ^ ^
下的二值之具體的測定方法而言,例如,可以舉以 下的測疋方法為例。 2030-7669-PF 20 1310761 也就是說,首先,在介電體陶瓷器組合物中, 之範圍(例如,!= 將疋 子之… U則·5”之範圍)所含之各結晶教 ’王體中Ca濃度之平均值(Ca之固溶 \ ^ > 里心十均 ’猎由利用透過型電子顯微鏡之能量分散型χ線 法進行測定而求出。接著,由所測定之全部的結晶粒子 Ca濃度而算出包含於上述—定之範圍内的結晶粒子相互= 之粒内Ca濃度之平均值χ、及標準偏差 值χ及標準偏差σ,夢由上.f +耆由千均 错由上述式(2)可以求出CV值。而 — 本發月中,所5胃結晶粒子之粒子全體中Ca濃度之平 \ (粒内Ca /辰度)係指、結晶粒子全體(粒子表面部附近 ♦子中% # ) + Ca遭度的意思,也就是說,將粒子全 之Ca濃度平均化的意思。 構成介電體陶竞器組合物之結晶粒子之平均結晶” 係不特別限定’係因應介電體層之厚度…例如也可: 〇· 1〜3//m之範圍中適宜地決定。 以延長IR壽命,另外,也可w、# I & i 7 j u減少於直流電場下之容量的 經時變化。故,從上述論點來 一於丨、,人 有 +均結晶粒徑係以介於 〇·1〜0·5βιη左右為佳。 容量溫度特性在介電體層 結晶粒徑小時也會有惡化的傾 陶瓷器組合物在必須縮小平均 言’在平均結晶粒徑介於〇 . J、 一來,由於結晶粒子之平均結 薄時會惡化、另外、在平均 向。因此,本發明之介電體 結晶粒徑之情形下,具體而 〇 · 5 // m時,特別有效。如此 晶粒徑縮小的緣故,所以可
本實施形態之介電體陶t*器組合物之居禮溫度
2030-7669-PF 21 1310761 之(::變T常絕緣體之相轉移溫度)雖可以根據組成 以:更=但是為7滿足X8R特性,較佳者係說 更佳者係12代以上。居禮溫度係 差走查熱量測定)而加以測定。 错由DSC(不 介電體層2之厚度並不特別限定 下者較佳、#1 曰幻為4. 5 # m以 …厚度:下::3.5…下、再更較佳者係… _層2:::::限定,如是。.‘左右。 佳、更較佳者係5〇_ 1特別限疋’以20層以上者較 數之上限料特心定/❹]佳者係_層以上。積層 _如是咖層左右。 内部電極層3所含有 介電體層2之構成# 不特別限定,但由於 屬。以使用賤金mr還原性,所w可讀用賤金 以Ni合金而言,係 電材而d,Ni或Ni合金較佳。 組中至少1種以上之_、纟Mn、Cr、Cq及A1所組成之群
Ni或Ni合金中,p尊久5重置%以上者較佳。而且,在 右以下者也可。 冑微量成分之含量在0.1重量%左 雖然内部電極層3 定,但是通常介於〇 ; 1度可以因應用途而適宜地決 右較佳。 .〜㈣、尤其是介於0.5〜2. 5㈣左 外部電極4_ ㈣極4内所含之導電材特雖不特別限定,但是在
2030-7669-PF 22 1310761 疋,例如也可使用聚乙烯醇、纖維素、水溶性壓克力樹脂。 内部電極層用膠係將由上述各種導電性金屬或合金所 組成之導電材、或是於燒成後形成上述導電材的各種氧化 物、有機金屬化合物、樹脂酸鹽等、與上述有機液体混練 而調製。 外4電極用膠也可以如同上述内部電極層用膠一樣地 調製。
上述各膠中之有機液体之含有量並不特別限制,通常 之含有量例如可以是接著劑介於丨〜5重量%左右、溶劑介 於10〜50重虿%左右。另外,在各膠中,因應需要,也可 含有選自各種分散劑、可塑劑、介電體、絕緣體等的添加 物。上述之總含有量係以丨〇重量%以下較好。 用膠疊 基板剝 使用印刷法時,將介電體層用膠及内部電極層 積印刷於PET等之基板上,並切成預定形狀後,由 離而作成。 另外,使用平板法的時候,使用介電體層用膠並形成 綠色平板’接著在其上印刷内部電極層韓,之後將盆遇 積而作成綠色晶片〇 ^ 仏成前,對綠色晶片實施脫接著劑處理。脫接 處理雖可以因應内部電極層膠中之導電材之種類而適宜地 Γ脫:,使用…合金等賤金屬作為導電材的時 候,脫接者劑環境中之氧氣分壓以介於lG'lQ5pa之 =一旦氧氣分壓未達前述範圍時,脫接著劑之效果^ 降低。-旦氧氣分壓超過前述範圍時,内部電極層有氧化
2030-7669-PF 26 1310761 之傾向。 另外,以其它的脫接菩 释者劑條件而言,昇溫速度介於 5〜3 0 〇 °C /小時之間較佳^ "於1 0〜1 〇 〇乞/小時之間更佳; 保持溫度介於180〜400t之π *丄v土人 L之間較佳、介於2〇〇〜35(TC之間更 佳;溫度保持時間介於〇 5〜,杜 1 b 24小時之間較佳、介於2~2〇 小時之間較佳。另外,燒成環户丨v处*丄 疋战衣丨兄以空氣或還原性環境較佳, 其中’以還原性環境中環境廣俨 兄风體而g,例如是將L及Η2之 渴*合氣體加濕而使用者較佳。 ’条色as片燒成時之ί* &雖然可因應内部電極層用勝中 之導電材之種類而適宜地決定’但是,使用Ni或Η合金 等賤金屬作為導電材的時候,燒成環境中之氧氣分壓以介 於UHa之間較佳。—旦氧氣分壓未達前述範圍時, 内部電極層之導電材會產生異常燒結,而令途燒斷。另外, 一旦氧氣分壓超過前述範圍時,内部電極層有氧化之傾向。 另外,燒成時之保持溫度係以介於u〇〇〜14〇(rc之間 較佳、介於1 200〜138(TC之間更佳、介於126〇〜i36rCq 又更佳。一旦保持溫度未達前述範圍時,緻密化則不充分· -旦超過前述範圍_,容易發生因内部電極層之異常燒結 所引起之電極中途燒斷、或因内部電極層構成材料之擴散 所引起之容量溫度特性之惡化’而使得介電體陶瓷器組合 物易於產生還原的現象。 σ 以其它的燒成條件而言,昇溫速度介於5〇 5〇(rc/小 時之間較佳、介於2。0〜30。。(:/小時之間更佳;溫度保持:寺 間介於0.5〜8小時之間較佳、介於卜3小時之間較佳。冷
2030-7669-PF 27 1310761 卻速度以介於5〇~5()nv / , 士 小時之間更佳。另冰 間較佳、介於200〜3〇〇°C/ 以還原性環境中丄燒:環境以還原性環境較佳’其中, 體加濕而使用者體而言,例如是將N2及…合氣 在還原性環境φ M y 件本體實施退火處理4之情形下’較佳者係對致動器元 之處理,因為藉由退火處理係為了使介電體層再氧化 得以提升。^火處理可以延長料命,所以信賴性 退火處理環琦φ + c 乳氣分壓以〇 · 1 p a以上、特別是介 =_r°pa之間者較佳。-旦氧氣分壓未達前述範圍時, 介電體層之再氧化會有困難;一旦超過前述範圍時,内部 電極層會有氧化的傾向。 退火處理時之保持溫度以1100t 500〜110(TC之間者軔4 y 特別疋介於 。一旦保持溫度未達前述範圍時, =介電體層之氧化會不充分,IR會降低,另外,ir壽命 谷易縮短。另-方面,一旦保持溫度超過前述範圍時,不 但内部電極層會氧化、容量會降低,而且内部電極層會盘 絕緣體半成品(素地)反應,易於發生容量溫度特性惡化、 IR降低、IR壽命降低的現象。而且,退火處理也可僅由昇 溫過程及降溫過程構成。也就是說’溫度保持時間也可為 零。此種情形下,保持溫度係與最高溫度同義。 以其它退火處理條件而言,溫度保持時間介於0~20小 時之間。較佳、介於2〜10小時之間更佳;冷卻速度介於 50〜500°C /小時之間較佳、介於1〇〇~3〇〇〇c /小時之間更佳。
2030-7669-PF 28 1310761 另外’以退火處理之環境氣體而言 濕之N2氣體等。 佳者係例如使用加 在上述之脫接著劑處理、燒成 N2氣體或混合氣體等之步 中於加濕 此種情形下,水溫以介於5〜饥^^使用潤濕器等。 以獨==、燒成及退火處理可以連續進心也可 不冷卻而變更環境,接著昇严至声】 :脫接著劑處理後’ 行燒成,接著冷卻,並之保持溫度而不進 s m 於違到退火處理之保持溫度時,變 更壤境且進行退火處理。另_ 係於燒成之際,在^氣體或加=較佳者 、體次 氟體環境下,昇溫至 脫接著劑處理時之保持溫度後’變更環境並持續昇溫,且 冷卻至退火處理時之保持溫度後,較佳者係再變更至^氣 體或加濕之Ν2氣體環境’並持續冷卻,,退火處理之 際,在Ν2環境下昇溫至保持溫度後,可以變更環境、也可 以將退火處理之整個過程在加濕之Ν2氣體環境下進行。 如上所述,在所得之動器元件本體上實施滾輪 (barrel)研磨或喷砂(sandblast)研磨,進行端面研磨, 並將外部電極用膠印刷或轉寫且燒成’而形成外部電極4。 外部電極用膠之燒成條件例如是在加濕之N2及I之混合氣 體中、於600〜800 °C之溫度下、歷經1〇分鐘〜丨小時左右較 佳。接著,因應需要,可在外部電極4表面上藉由鍍金等 方式形成被覆層。 如此一來,所製造之本發明之積層陶瓷致動器係可藉 2030-7669-PF 29 1310761 >* 由添附焊料等,實裝於印品丨其# μ @ 叶ΤΤ开貝衣々、丨刷暴板上4,而使用於各種電子 . 機器等。 - 本實施形態之積層陶瓷致動器1由於含有使用本發明 . 之介電體陶瓷器組合物之介電體層2的緣故,所以容量之 μ度特性可以滿足ε IΑ規格之X 8 r特性(—$ 5〜1 5 〇。〇、△匸 . =±15%以内)。因此,可以作為能在8(TC以上、特別是 125〜150°C之環境下使用的機器用電子元件。另外,本實施 形態之積層陶瓷致動器i係可以同時滿足EIAJ規格之β特 • 性[一 25〜85。〇下容量變化率±10%以内(基準溫度20X:)]、 EIA 規格之 X7R 特性(一55〜125t:、AC: ±15% 以内)。 然而’本實施形態之積層陶瓷致動器1係以室溫(25 X:)及高溫部(15(TC )為例,並以IR„、IRl5。分別表示該 溫度下之絕緣阻抗。其中,以下述式(丨)所示之” IR位 數低落’’可達-3. 00以上。因此,ir溫度依存性小,所以 即便在80°C以上、特別是125〜15(TC之高溫環境下,也可 安定使用。 鲁 1 〇g ( IRiso/1R25 ) ···式(1) 另外,本貫施形態之積層陶究致動器1係具有良好tc 偏壓特性(直流電壓施加時之容量溫度特性)。因此,在 • 寬廣的溫度域内,具有高信賴性。 以上,雖然以本發明之實施形態加以說明,但上述實 施形態並非用以限定本發明,在不脫本發明之要旨範圍内 可以作種種改變。 例如’在上述實施形態中,雖然舉積層陶瓷致動器作
2030-7669-PF 30 1310761
Dy2〇3 (第4副成分):i莫耳。 而且’上述第1〜第4副成分之添加量係相對於 種主成分原料之合計10〇莫耳,而以 、述3 量表示。但是,作為第4副成分之Dy 、=添加 原子換算之莫耳數表示。也就是說1二; 係〇· 5莫耳。 、异之添加量 旦怂上主1 α _ 刀<Al2〇3的添加
直係如表1所不,纟中相對於3種主成分原料之合計 莫耳而言’係於0〜4莫耳之範圍變化,而製作複數之試料。 將上述中所得之介電體陶£器組合物粉末_ 部、塵克力樹脂4· 8重量部、醋酸乙烯1〇〇重量部、礦物 油精6重量部、甲| 4重量部藉由滚珠研磨混合、膠化, 而得介電體層用膠。 接著,以3支滾輪(1*〇11叶),將^粒子446重旦 部、松油醇“erpineol)52重量部、乙烯纖維素"量 部、苯駢三氮唑(benz〇 triaz〇le) “重量部混練、漿 化’而得内部電極層用膠。 使用上述之膠,如以下所述,製造第j圖所示之積層 陶莞晶片致動器1。 首先,使用所得之介電體層用膠,於ρΕΤ膜上形成綠 色平板。在其上印刷内部電極用膠後,從ρΕΤ膜將平板剝 離接著,疊積上述綠色平板與保護用綠色平板(未印刷 内部電極層用膠的物體),並壓著而得綠色晶片。 接著,將綠色晶片切成預定尺寸,並在下列條件下進
2030-7669-PF 32 1310761 订脫接者劑處理、燒成及退火處理,而得積層陶曼燒成體。 .脫接著劑處理條件係昇溫速度32 5t/小時、保持溫 度:260°C、溫度保持時間:8小時、環境:空氣中。 、心成條件係昇溫速度2 〇 〇。〇 /小時、保持溫度:1 2 5 〇它、 孤度保持時間:2小時、冷卻速度:小時、環境:加 濕之1+112混合氣體(氧氣分壓:l〇-7Pa)。 °c 境 中 退火處理條件係昇溫速度2〇(TC/小時、保持溫度:1〇5〇 溫度保持時間:2小時、冷卻速度:2〇『c/小時、環 加濕之L氣體(氧氣分壓:1〇1ρ〇 。 而且,在燒成及退火處理之際的環境氣體之加濕步驟 使用水溫為20°C之潤濕器。 接者’以嘴砂法對所得之積層陶究燒成體之端面進 研磨後’塗佈In—Ga作為外部電極,而得第1圖所示之實 J之積層陶瓷致動器之試料卜6。而且,各致動器嗲 係如表1所示,為在AW之含有量介於。〜4莫 範圍内變化之試料。另外,試料i中不含Al2〇3。、 部一6—— 電體層之數為4、1層介電體声之原 (㈣度)為“㈣、内部電極層之厚度為】·;“厚度 、接者’關於所得之致動器試料,係藉由以下所示 法’測定結晶粒子相互間之粒内Ca濃度 度特性(Tc)、Tr m 谷里溫 C c) Tc偏壓特性、π溫度依存性(位數低落、 在結晶粒子相方问, 双似洛)〇 子相互間之粒内Ca濃度之CV值方面,首车 關於致動器樣品之介電體層,係藉由利用透過型電子顯微
2030-7669-PF 33 1310761 鏡之能量分散型分光法測定15"mxl 5"m之範圍内所含 之各結晶粒子之Ca濃度之平均值(粒e Ca濃度)。接著, 將此測定於複數之視野内反覆進行"以全結晶粒子相互 間之粒内Ca濃度之平均值χ及標準偏差σ,再由粒内。 /辰度之平均值X及標準偏差σ,以下述式算出cv值。 在本實施例中,以評價基準而言,5%以上、5%以上,不 滿20%為良好。結果如表1所示。
CV值(粒内Ca濃度之標準偏差σ/粒内Ca濃 度之平均值X) xl 00 ··· ( 在容量溫度特性(Tc )方面,首先,針對所得之樣品, 在一 55 C〜15(TC之溫度範圍内測定靜電容量並評價。具體 而吕,靜電容量係利用數位LCR計(γΗρ製4274a),在周 波j UHZ、輸入信號水準(level) 1Vrms之條件下測定。 接著,算出上述之溫度範圍中容量溫度特性最惡劣之 °C的溫度環境下之靜電容量之變化率(Λ(:/(:、單位%)。 在本實施例中,於一55〜150t:之間,滿足Δ(:/(:=±ΐ5%以 内(也就是說,滿足X8R特性之樣品)之樣品則評為良好。 結果如表1所示。 在tc偏壓特性方面,關於所得之致動器樣品,係以數 位 LCR 計(ΥΗΡ 製 4274Α),在 ikHz、1Vrms、7· 〇v/// m 之 偏壓電壓(直流電壓)下,於—55。(:~15〇。(:之間變化溫度 而測疋,並算出從2 5。(:、無施加偏壓電壓下之測定值之靜 電容量之變化率’而進行評價。而i,於靜電容量之測定 時使用LCR計,並在周波數lkHz、輸入信號水準之
2030-7669-PF 34 1310761 條件下進行測定。在本實施例中 結果如表1所示。 溫度依存性(位數低落)係測定所得之 W緣阻抗I及在饥下之絕緣阻抗算 15出 以下迹式⑴所示之位數㈣,而進行評價。在本實施例 中,—3,00以上則評為良好。結果如表1所示。 l°g ( IRuo/ ir25 )…式(1)
。。而且,在本實施例中,除了上述之外,針對所得之致 動器樣品,也一併評價比絕緣率(e)、誘電損失㈠抓占)、 直流電場下之IR壽命、Dc偏壓特性。 在比絕緣率ε方面,針對致動器樣品,係從於基準溫 度25°C下’以數位LCR計(潰製4274Α),在周波數土驗、 輸入信號水準(測定電壓)l.〇Vrms之條件下,所測定之 靜電容量算出(盔單位)。4士 I.、,π y , 开山V…早位)。結果,可以得到任—樣品皆能 達到1 000以上之良好結果。
— 50%以上則評為良好。 在誘電損失(ta“)方面,針對致動器樣品,係於基 準溫度25t下,以數位LCR計(YHP製4274A),在周波 數1kHz、輸入信號水準(測定電壓)1〇Vrms之條件下進 行測定。肖果’ T以得到任-樣品皆能達至,j 3. 〇%以上之 良好結果。 。在直流電場下之IR壽命方面,針對致動器樣品,於 20 0 C、10V/ // m之電場下進行加速試驗,並算出壽命時間 (絕緣阻抗至1ΜΩ以下之時間)^結果,可以得到任一^ 品皆能達到10小時以上之良好結果。 ’ 2030-7669-PF 35 1310761 DC偏壓特性則針對致動器樣品,於一定溫度(25。〇) 下’藉由測定對各樣品慢慢地施加直流電壓時之靜電容量 之變化(△ C/C )而進行評價。由測定結果之圖可以確認, 在任一個樣品中’即使施加高電壓而靜電容量也難以減 少、且具有安定之DC偏壓特性。 表1 Γ - ----------- 試料 A 12〇3 量 cv值 靜電容量 Tc-偏壓 IR溫度 編號 主成分原料之組成比(莫耳比) [莫耳] [%] 之溫度特 W 依存性 性[%] 「%1 1木 Bao.sCao iTiOs : Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 : Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : l : ι 0 10 -10.9 -50.3 -3 37 2 Bao.eCao.iTiOa : BaiuCaiuTiOa : Ba〇.7Ca〇.3TiO'i=1 : 1 : 1 0.5 13 -11.9 -46 1 -2 QR 3 Ba〇.9Ca〇..Ti〇3 : Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 : Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti 0.,= 1 : i : i 1 14 -12.3 -45 3 -2 Q1 4 Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3 : Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 : Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=1 :1:1 2 18 -13.9 -39 7 -? RC: 5 Ba〇.sCa(uTi〇3 : Ba».8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 : BaiuCa"Ti〇3=l : 1 . 1 3 」9·5 -14.5 -38.1 -2.60 6木* Bao.sCao.iTiOs : Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 : Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : 1 · 1 4 23 -16.7 -36.7 -2.54 「*」印記找料絲林發敗味例、「%印記之試料絲林發明之參考例。
從表1可以確認,具有預定 且含有離子半徑〇.〇675nm、大於〇莫耳、不滿4莫耳之Μ 兀素的氧化物(Αΐζ〇3)之實施例之試料2〜5,其容量溫度 特性滿足X8R特性、且優於κ偏壓及IR溫度依存性^ 數低落)。而且,關於本實施例,相對於i⑽莫耳 言,AB〇3中之Ca元素之含有量係2〇莫耳。 相對地’不含Al2〇3之比較例之試料i,其κ偏壓特 性及IR溫度依存性(位數低落)最終會劣化。另外,含有 4莫耳懸之參考例之試料6,其_ &濃度之^易 於超過23%,所以容量溫度特性不會滿足x8R特性。 從上述結果可以確認,由於具有預定之主成分及副成
2030-7669-PF 36 1310761 分組成、並含有預定 ^ ^ „ 且離子 + 徑介於 0.065nin~0.085nm 之間的兀*素之氧化物, 曰 n Tr α τ 所以令ι溫度特性滿足X8R特性、 且TC偏堡及IR溫度 ^ ^ , 存14 (位數低落)得以改善。 實施例 以第5副成分而言, 除了使用Cr2〇3(實施例2)、Ga〇2 (實施例 3) ' G Θ 2 Π q (每· — (貫施例4 )取代Al2〇3以外,其餘與 貫加例1 一樣,製作介φ 體層用膠。與實施例1 一樣,製 造致動器試料7〜11(竇你办丨0λ
(實%例2)、12〜16(實施例3)、17〜21 (實施例4)。接著,關於 關於所侍之致動器試料,與實施例i 一樣,進行各種特性之測定。 表2 試料 編號 主成分原料之組成比(莫耳比) Cr2〇3 量 [莫耳] cv值 {%] 靜電容量 之溫度特 ,w: Γα^Ί Tc-偏壓 [%] IR溫度 依存性 1木 Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3 : Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 : Ba〇.7Ca〇3Ti〇3=l · ι ·] Ji L /0 J —---- _J%] 7 -—~~~- Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3 : Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 : Bao^CaosTiO^l ] ] 0 0.5 10 12. 9 -10.9 -11 3 -50.3 -47 c -3.37 8 Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3 : Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 : Ba〇.7Ca〇 3Ti〇3=l · i ! --- 1 13.7 -11.8 -46. 9 -2. 99 '2. 94 ------ 9 Ba〇.£aiuTi〇3: BaD.8Ca».2Ti〇3: BaD.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : i .】 2 17 5 1 Q A ---- 10 BaoCauTiOs · Bao.sCao.zTiOs: Ba<uCa〇.;jTi〇3=1 : i . 3 19.0 -14 1 一 41. 5 ---~--- 11** 3a〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3: Ba〇.sCa〇.2Ti〇3: Ba〇.7CaiuTi〇3=1 : l . 1 4 ?.?. 1 -16 4 1 -2.67 -1-L -11 1 一 -2· 63 表3 " 「*」印記之絲林個之比_、「林」印記之試料絲示本發 試料 Ga〇2 量 [莫耳] cv值 [%] 靜電容量 之溫度特 —~~~~— 編號 主成分原料之組成比(莫耳比) To偏壓 [%] IR溫度 依存性 性[%] 1木 Ba〇.9Ca〇」Ti〇3 : Bafl.eCa〇.2Ti〇3 : Bafl.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l :】:·( 0 10 -10.9 ——----~~- 12 Ba〇. 9Ca〇. iTi 〇3 · Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 · Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : 1 :] 0.5 12.8 -11.6 ~~~----- -3.37 ------- 13 Ba〇.flCa〇.iTi〇3 · Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3 · Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3—1 · 1 : i 1 13.7 -12.1 τ〇. 〇 ----- 一-2.99 丄 1 -2.93 2030-7669-PF 37 1310761 表4
試料 編號 主成分原料之組成比(莫耳比) Ge2〇3 量 [莫耳] CV值 [%] 靜電容量 之溫度特 性[%] Tc-偏壓 [%] IR溫度 依存性 Γ%1 1木 Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3 Ba〇.eCa〇.2Ti〇3 Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : 1 : 1 0 10 -10.9 -50.3 L/O J -3 37 17 Ba〇.gCa〇.iTi〇3: Ba〇.eCa〇.2Ti〇3: Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : 1 : 1 0.5 12.5 -11.9 -47 18 Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3 Ba〇.eCa〇.2Ti〇3 * Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : 1 : 1 1 13.6 -12.2 -46.3 c. 99 -2叩 19 Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3 Ba〇.eCa〇.2Ti〇3' Ba〇.7CatuTi〇3=l : 1 : 1 2 17.8 -13.8 -40.8 -2 68 20 Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3: Ba〇.eCa〇.2Ti〇3: Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : 1 : 1 3 19.6 -14.6 "39. 5 -? RC; 21木木 Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3 Ba〇.nCa〇.2Ti〇3 * Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : 1 : 1 4 22.5 -16.7 -37.8 -2.61 「*」印記之試料係表示本發明之比較例、「林」印記之試料係表示本發明之參考例。 如表2〜表4所示’即使將Ah〇3換成Cr2〇3(實施例2)、 Ga〇2 (實施例3 ) 、Ge2〇3 (實施例4)的時候,確認也可以 14 BatuCa。. iTi〇3: Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3: Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l : 1 : 1 2 17.5 -13.7 -40 1 15 Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3: Ba〇.8Ca〇.2Ti〇3: Ba〇.7CatuTi〇3=l : 1 : 1 3 19.2 -14.3 -39 7 ά.Όί 16« Ba〇.9Ca〇.iTi〇3 * Ba〇.sCa〇.2Ti〇3 * Ba〇.7Ca〇.3Ti〇3=l * 1 : 1 4 22.7 -16.6 -37.1 一Ζ· bU -2.55 「*」印記之試料係表示本發明之比較例、「林」印記之試料係表示本發明之參考例 得到同樣之結果。而且,試料1係與實施例丨所製作之試 料相同,也不含有Cr2〇3、Ga〇2、與Ge2〇3之中任何一個。
從上述結果可以確認’即使將A12〇3換成Cr_2〇3、戍
Ga〇2、或GhO3時’也能得到與使用αία3時同樣之效果。 實施例5
以主成分原料而言,除了使用將表5内所示之各主成 分原料以表5所示之比例混合而成之混合物以外,其餘與 實施例1之試料3 —樣,製造試料22〜26。接者,關於所 得之致動器試料,與實施例1 一樣,進行各種特性之測定。 而且’在本實施例中,各試料中相對於i 〇〇莫耳之C 2030-7669-PF 38
Claims (1)
131 131 修正日期:98.2.24 «Λ *. 二1 .· 、 * Γ yWiWWWAti-il.-k' f.'wt—.<·.··. <*· · · 々 W —一,-..抑 i ·.% I ,、一、1)外 V、·1Ϊ2:乎 1 tt上^請專料範圍: 】· 一種介電體陶究器組合物,包括·· .主成分’包含化合物’其中該化合物含有^、。及 Tl且々具有以—般式Αβ〇3表示之飼欽礦型結晶構造;以及 弟5田!J成分,台合a夕g / 化物(而且,Α係選自由6 配位時之有效離子半栌介 工' · 065nm〜0. 085nffi之間的陽離 子7C素所,.且成之群組中至少〗種),· 其特徵在於: 前述介電體陶莞器組合物係 B曰 粒子所構成; ㈣、“有C“素之複數結 Μ各結晶粒子之粒子㈣體之^ 粒内Ca濃度; 丁 J值彳乍為 月1J述結晶粒子相万門 CV值表示之π以h 述粒内ca濃度至少存在以 < 3/6以上的變動; 則述第5副成分所含A之氧化物係選自由 物、Ga之4芥私 丁延目由A1之氧化 種。^化物以及以之氧化物所組成之群組中至少— 2·如申請專㈣圍帛1項所述之介電體陶姿„。 物,前述結a柘上Λ 1罨體陶瓷益組合 。日日叔子相互間之前述粒内 值表示時,係八狄Γ /辰度之變動以cv 係介於5%以上,不滿2〇%之間。 •如申請專利範圍帛1項所述之介電㈣婆„。 物,以Α之氧化物換算,100莫耳前述主成分内之^組合 副成分的含量係介於多於〇莫耳刀厂第5 4.如申請專 冥耳之間。 圍弟1項所述之介電體陶瓷器組人 2030-7669-PF1 42 1310761 物,相對於1 00莫耳前述ab〇3而言,前述介電體陶瓷器組 合物中之Ca元素之含有量係小於30莫耳。 5.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之介電體陶瓷器組合 物,更包括: 第1副成分,選擇自由MgO、CaO、BaO以及SrO所組 成之群組中至少1種; 第2副成分,至少作為燒結助劑;
第3副成分,含有Μη之氧化物;以及 第4副成分,含有R之氧化物(而且,R係選自由Sc、 Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、 Tm、Yb以及Lu所組成之群組中至少1種)。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之介電體陶瓷器組合 物,前述第2副成分係含有以氧化矽為主成分的化合物。 7. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之介電體陶瓷器組合 物,相對於1 00莫耳前述主成分之前述第1〜第4副成分的 比率係: 第1副成分:0. 1〜3莫耳; 第2副成分:2〜10莫耳; 第3副成分:0. 1~2. 5莫耳;以及 第4副成分:0. 1~ 14莫耳(其中,第4副成分之莫耳 數係以R單獨計算之比率)。 8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之介電體陶瓷器組合 物,相對於100莫耳前述主成分而言,前述介電體陶竞器 組合物係含有0. 01〜0. 5莫耳第6副成分,其中前述第6副 2030-7669-PF1 43 1310761 成分係選自由v2〇5、Mo〇3及 叫3所缸成之群組中至少ί種。 9. 一種積層陶瓷致動考 ^ D ,具有由申請專利範圍第1項 所述之;丨電體陶瓷器組合 所構成之介電體層。 ιυ_—種積層陶瓷致叙 s & +、 益,包括··由申請專利範園第1 項所述之介電體陶瓷器组人 寻 € ^ ^ ^ ^ 。'、α物所構成之介電體層、與内部 電極層父互登積而成之元件本體。 「種介電體陶兗器組合物,包括: 主成分’包含化合物, 以且罝右^ ή 其中該化合物含有Ba、Ca及 ,、有以一般式AB〇3表 第 之鈣鈦礦型結晶構造;以及 ± 氧化物(而且,A係選自由6 、之有效離子半徑介於〇 子元+ ' Q· 〇65nm〜0. 〇85nm之間的陽離 子7"素所組成之群組中至少; 其特徵在於: 前述介電體陶瓷器組合物 晶粒子所構成; 糸由3有ca元素之複數結 則述各結晶粒子之粒子内整體 粒内Ca濃度; La ?辰度平均值作為 别述結晶粒子相互間之前述粒 * 。¥值表示之5%以上的變動; ㈤度至少存在以 别述第5副成分的含量, 前述主成分_莫耳而言,係介於多之^化物換算,相對於 莫耳之間; 、;0. 5莫耳、不滿3. 〇 前述第5副成分所含的A 氧化物為Cr之氧化物。 2030-7669-PF1 44
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| WO2008075525A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-06-26 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | 誘電体セラミックおよび積層セラミックコンデンサ |
| US7786839B2 (en) * | 2008-12-28 | 2010-08-31 | Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne, Inc. | Passive electrical components with inorganic dielectric coating layer |
| WO2010100827A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-03 | 2010-09-10 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 誘電体セラミックおよび積層セラミックコンデンサ |
| JP2010235337A (ja) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-21 | Kyocera Corp | 誘電体セラミックスおよび誘電体共振器 |
| DE112010003826B4 (de) | 2009-09-28 | 2018-01-11 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Dielektrische keramik und laminierter keramikkondensator |
| US8178458B2 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2012-05-15 | National Taiwan University Technology | Dielectric ceramic composition |
| CN102791654B (zh) * | 2009-12-16 | 2014-03-12 | 天工方案公司 | 介电陶瓷材料以及相关方法 |
| JP5321848B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-10-23 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 誘電体セラミック及び積層セラミックコンデンサ |
| CN102030526B (zh) * | 2010-11-11 | 2013-02-13 | 厦门松元电子有限公司 | 一种抗还原陶瓷介质材料及其制备方法 |
| JP5994853B2 (ja) | 2012-07-10 | 2016-09-21 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 積層セラミックコンデンサおよびその製造方法 |
| KR101792368B1 (ko) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-11-20 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 유전체 자기 조성물, 유전체 재료 및 이를 포함하는 적층 세라믹 커패시터 |
| CN108444965A (zh) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 荧光光谱法测定压电材料结构相变的方法 |
| JP7136196B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-11 | 2022-09-13 | 昭栄化学工業株式会社 | 誘電体磁器組成物及びセラミック電子部品 |
| JP7480459B2 (ja) * | 2019-10-17 | 2024-05-10 | 太陽誘電株式会社 | セラミック電子部品およびその製造方法 |
| WO2023053676A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-06 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 導電性ペースト |
| KR20250002359A (ko) * | 2022-06-26 | 2025-01-07 | 가부시키가이샤 무라타 세이사쿠쇼 | 도전성 페이스트 |
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| JP3091192B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-09-25 | ティーディーケイ株式会社 | 誘電体磁器組成物および電子部品 |
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| EP1683770A3 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
| JP4622537B2 (ja) | 2011-02-02 |
| EP1683770A2 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
| KR100656302B1 (ko) | 2006-12-11 |
| US20060160693A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| CN101004956A (zh) | 2007-07-25 |
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| EP1683770B1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
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