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TWI300401B
TWI300401B TW095138634A TW95138634A TWI300401B TW I300401 B TWI300401 B TW I300401B TW 095138634 A TW095138634 A TW 095138634A TW 95138634 A TW95138634 A TW 95138634A TW I300401 B TWI300401 B TW I300401B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
fluid
micro
flow guiding
flow
catalyst
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TW095138634A
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English (en)
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TW200819387A (en
Inventor
Chi Yuan Lee
Shuo-Ren Li
Jin-Hua Wu
Guan-Wei Wu
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Univ Yuan Ze
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Priority to TW095138634A priority Critical patent/TW200819387A/zh
Priority to US11/896,501 priority patent/US7846398B2/en
Publication of TW200819387A publication Critical patent/TW200819387A/zh
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Publication of TWI300401B publication Critical patent/TWI300401B/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B01F25/43172—Profiles, pillars, chevrons, i.e. long elements having a polygonal cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4331—Mixers with bended, curved, coiled, wounded mixing tubes or comprising elements for bending the flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4337—Mixers with a diverging-converging cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/30—Micromixers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/323—Catalytic reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds other than hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431971—Mounted on the wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00783—Laminate assemblies, i.e. the reactor comprising a stack of plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00819—Materials of construction
    • B01J2219/00835—Comprising catalytically active material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00889—Mixing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1076—Copper or zinc-based catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1082—Composition of support materials
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1217—Alcohols
    • C01B2203/1223—Methanol
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Description

1300401 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發_«-種具有織道導魏之微反絲置，其兼 .歸越直接導_媒部而提冑整體料、在紐巾可產生擾 流而更能充份混合以及結構簡單等優點。 【先前技術】 ' _電池—直是低環境污染且高效率的發電方法，燃料電 • 池之種類很多，但主要是以氫及氧為燃料。然而，若應用於- 般之車輛，如何在車輛上儲存氫及氧也是—大問題。目前常用 之方法是利用甲醇蒸氣重組法（steam ref〇rming 〇f methonal，簡稱SRM)，來產生氫氣，其主要化學反絲示如 下： CH3OH + H20 C02 ------------------------------- CH3OH <^2H2 -----------------------------------
-------------------------------------------- 其次，甲醇蒸氣重組法中必須利用觸媒以及加熱至一可使 觸媒反應之溫度，所以，有關反應室之流道設計、如何加熱、 溫度控制、觸媒之選擇、觸媒之分佈等等，均是學界及業界關 心之議題。 然而，請參閱第一、第二及第三圖，習知的甲醇蒸氣重組 器主要包括： 一第一氣體流道810，其具有一第一入口 811、一第一出 5 1300401 口 812 ; 一第二氣體流道820，其具有一第二入口 821、一第二出 口 822 ; 一觸媒反應部830，其具有複數個微通道831及觸媒膜 832，其用以連通該第一氣體流道81〇與該第二氣體流道820。 當然，也可在該第一氣體流道810之壁面之預定位置處裝 設或塗佈特定之觸媒層（例如氧化鋅）9〇，如第二及第三圖所 不’但在弟一圖中省略未示。 如前所述，參閱第三圖，當流體流經該第一氣體流道81〇 時，通常只是平順的流過，所以，流體能接觸到觸媒層（例如 氧化鋅）90之機率較低，自然，整體之反應速率較慢，進而使 得整個微反應器之效率不佳。 其次，以上述之第⑶化學式而言，c〇與關之混合程度 越而’則反應出之產物虱氣也越多。但是，由於習知結構中之 流道内的流體在流動時並無阻礙，所以大體上是以層流的型態 流過，並無擾動之現象，故，流體内之不同氣體之混合情形較 差，化學反應的結果也不佳。 因此，有必要研發新技術，以解決上述缺弊。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的，在於提供一種具有微流道導流塊之微 反應裝置，其可將流體直接導向觸媒部而提高整體效率。 本發明之次一目的，在於提供一種具有微流道導流塊之微 6 1300401 反應裝置’其使流體在流道巾可產生賊而更能充份混合。 本發明之又一目的，在於提供一種具有微流道導流塊之微 反應裝置’其結構簡單。 本發明係提供一種具有微流道導流塊之微反應裝置，其包 括： 一第一氣體流道，係至少具有一第一入口及一第一出口， 且該第一氣體流道上設有複數個導流部； 一第二氣體流道，係至少具有一第二入口及一第二出口； 一觸媒反應部，係至少具有複數微通道及觸媒膜，其用以 連通該第一氣體流道與該第二氣體流道； 其中，每一導流部具有至少一導流塊、至少一流體撞擊凹 部及至少一觸媒部，該導流塊係將流體導引至該流體撞擊凹部 上之觸媒部的方向，用以提高流體與觸媒部接觸及反應的機 率。 本發明之上述目的與優點，不難從下述所選用實施例之詳 細說明與附圖中，獲得深入瞭解。 茲以下列實施例並配合圖式詳細說明本發明於後·· 【實施方式】 參閱第四、第五及第六圖，本發明係為一種『具有微流道 導流塊之微反應裝置』，其包括·· 一弟一氣體流道ίο ’其具有一第一入口 11、一第—出0 ^，且該第一氣體流道10上設有複數個導流部13; 7 22 ； 1300401 一第二氣體流道20，其具有一第二入口 21及一第—出口 一觸媒反應部30，其具有複數微通道31及觸媒膜％，該 觸媒反應部30係用以連通該第一氣體流道1〇與韓第_氣體节 道20 ;
其中，每一導流部13皆具有至少一導流塊131、至少一 流體撞擊凹部132及至少一觸媒部133，該導流塊a〗係用以 將一流體導引至該流體撞擊凹部132上之觸媒部133之方向， 用以提高該流體與該觸媒部133接觸及反應之機率。 如此為本發明之具有微流道導流塊之微反應裝置。 貝務上，如第五及第六圖所示，該導流塊係具有兩導 流面131A，這兩個導流面131A能導引流體平均朝兩旁概呈矩 形凹部之流體撞擊凹部132分散開，並分別朝賴媒部133流 〃該導流塊131係選自三角形(如第六圖所示）、半圓形（如 第七圖所示）、梯形、橢圓形、多邊形(如第八圖所示）其中之 該觸媒部133係選自銅、氧化鋅、三氧化二、辞、二氧 化欽其中之至少一項。 如第四圖所示’該觸媒反應部3G上又設有複數個感知器 33及複數個加熱tl件34，複數個感知器33係用以感應該第— 8 1300401 氣體流道10、該第二氣體流道20與該觸媒反應部30上的溫 度/C0含董，藉由感應到預定數值，控制該加熱元件34啟/閉， 以保持該第-氣财道10、該第二氣體流道2Q與細媒反應 部30上的最佳溫度/ c〇含量。 更詳細的講，燃料電池是低環境污染且高效率的發電方 法，其主要以氫及氧為燃料混合發電。氧氣原則上可以從大氣 中直接擷取，而氫氣則是在燃料電池内以不同的元素（也可以 講是氣體)透過甲醇蒸氣重組法（目前最常見的）取得。 如第五圖所示，為取得氫氣，本發明於燃料電池的流道(假 设為第一氣體流道10)内預定位置處設置導流塊131，該導流 塊131上具有兩個導流面131A，這兩個導流面131A使該流體 之流動方向平均的朝兩個流體撞擊凹部132分散開，並分別朝 "亥觸媒邰133流去’據以提高流體與該觸媒部133接觸並反應 之機率。 同日守，由於流體在流動時被導流塊阻擋，所以會改變流動 之方向，在改變時有可能產生擾動，使得流體内之各氣體更充 份的混合，因此，也可達到更佳之化學反應結果。 貫務上，該導流部13之流體撞擊凹部132係可為波浪狀 (如第九圖所示）、雙邊内縮狹道狀（如第十圖所示的〔〕形）、 又邊對靖角狀(如第十-圖所示的〈〉形）或是雙邊對稱圓弧 狀(如第十二圖所示的〇形）。 9 1300401 本發明之優點及功效如下所述： [1] 將流體直接導向觸媒部而提高整體效率。本創作在流 道預定位置設置複數個導流部，每一導流部都設一導流塊將流 體直接導向流體撞擊凹部上的觸媒部，可以算是強制流體在導 流部内與觸媒部接觸，提高整體效率。 [2] 在流道中可產生擾流而更能充份混合。流體在被導流 塊導向流體撞擊凹部上的觸媒部的同時，因為流動方向改變 了，所以也可能產生擾流而更充份混合，如此與觸媒部接觸 時，能產生更佳的化學反應。 [3] 結構簡單。本發明之導流部係直接成型於流道的預定 部位，製作容易，結構簡單，且重點是效果明顯。 以上僅是藉由較佳實施例詳細說明本發明，對於該實施例 所做的任何簡單修改與變化，皆不脫離本發明之精神與範圍。 由以上咩細說明，可使熟知本項技藝者明瞭本發明的確可 達成前述目的’實已符合專利法之規定’級岭日轉利申請。 1300401 【圖式簡單說明】 第-圖係習用結構之分解示意圖 弟一圖係第―圖之剖視之示意圖 第二圖係習用結構之局部放大剖視之示意圖 第四圖係本發明之分解示意圖
第五圖係第四圖之部分結構之局部放大之示意圖 =六圖係本翻之部分結構之放大示意圖 第圖係本《明之部分結構之其他實施例之示意圖— 第八圖係本發明之部分結構之其他實施例之示意圖二 第九圖係本發明之流體撞擊凹部之實施例之示意圖— 第十圖係本發明之紐撞擊凹部之實關之示意圖二 第十-圖係本翻之越撞擊凹部之實施例之示意圖三 凹部之實施例之示意圖四 11、811 第一入口 13導流部 131A導流面 133觸媒部 2卜821第二入口 弟十一圖係本發明之流體撞擊 【主要元件符號說明】 10、810第一氣體流道 12、812 第一出口 131導流塊 132流體撞擊凹部 20、820第二氣體流道 22、822第二出口 30、830觸媒反應部 31、831微通道 32、832觸媒膜 90觸媒層 33感知器 34加熱元件

Claims (1)

  1. 申請專利範圍·· —種具有微流道導流塊之微反應裝置，其包括： 一第一氣體流道，係至少具有—第—入π及一第一出 口，且該第一氣體流道上設有複數個導流部； —第二氣體流道，係至少具有—第二人口及—第二出口； 、i媒反應部’敍少具錢數微通道及觸媒膜，其用 以連通該第一氣體流道與該第二氣體流道； 其中’每-導流部具有至少—導流塊、至少—流體撞擊 ^及至少—麟部，該導流塊係將流料引至該流體撞 名凹部上之觸媒部的方向’肋提高流體與觸部接觸及 反應的機率。 •如申請專利制第1項所之具有微流道導流塊之微反應裝 置，其中： 為机體&擊凹部係概呈—矩形凹部，且該導流塊係具有 兩^/;,L面，其使該流體之流動方向平均的分散開，並分別 朝該觸媒部流去。 •如申請專概圍第i賴之具有微流道導额之微反應裝 置，其中： 該導流塊係選自三角形、半圓形、梯形、橢圓形、多邊 形其中之一。 •如申請專彻㈣1賴之具有微流道導流塊之微反應裝 置，其中： 1300401 該觸媒部係選自銅、氧化鋅、三氧化二銘、辞、二氧化 鈦其中之至少一項。 5 .如申請料〗範圍第1項所之具有微流道導流塊之微反應裝 置，其中： " 該觸媒反應部上又設有複數個感知器及複數個加熱元 件。
    6 ·如㈣專職财1項所之具有微流道導流塊之微反應裝 置，其中： 該導流部之流體撞擊凹部係選自波浪狀、雙邊内縮狹道 狀、雙邊對稱彎角狀、雙邊對稱圓弧狀其中之一。
    13
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US9599407B2 (en) * 2009-07-29 2017-03-21 Tokitae Llc System and structure for heating or sterilizing a liquid stream
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