TWI386601B - A variable-bypass catalyst-stabilized combustion chamber for energy-saving multifuels - Google Patents

Description

Variable parabolic catalyst flame arrester suitable for energy-saving multi-fuel

The present invention relates to a catalyst flame arrester, and more particularly to a variable bypass catalyst flame arrester suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels having high efficiency, low pollution and multi-fuel saving.

Referring to FIG. 1 , it is a conventional catalyst combustion device 9 . The catalyst combustion device 9 is provided with a honeycomb catalyst 92 in a tube passage 91 . The honeycomb catalyst 92 is located in a pre-preparation. At the end of the mixing chamber 93, the honeycomb catalyst 92 is used as a combustion chamber of the conventional catalyst combustion device 9, and the honeycomb catalyst 92 is connected to an exhaust conduit 94 so that after the honeycomb catalyst 92 is burned. The generated high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged to the exhaust duct 94, wherein the premixing chamber 93 is used to mix fuel and air, and the honeycomb-like catalyst 92 maintains a high temperature environment for the fuel/air mixture to be combusted. Thereby, the activity of the honeycomb catalyst 92 can be utilized to accelerate the combustion reaction of the fuel/air mixture in the honeycomb catalyst 92 so that the fuel can be passed through a lower fuel/air mixture ratio. The honeycomb catalyst 92 generates a low temperature reaction or combustion with respect to conventional flame combustion to effectively avoid high temperature combustion of the fuel and discharge a large amount of nitrogen oxides, thereby stabilizing the surface oxidation reaction of the honeycomb catalyst 92, and raising the fuel/air mixture. The efficiency of combustion efficiency.

However, the conventional catalytic converter 9 described above is often limited by the temperature at which the catalyst is ignited, and must be activated at a higher initial temperature before the combustion of the fuel/air, so that the combustible gas on the honeycomb catalyst 92 is activated. Can be disabled The surface oxidation reaction on the honeycomb catalyst 92 is ignited to continue the surface oxidation reaction of the honeycomb catalyst 92 to maintain the high temperature combustion reaction of the honeycomb catalyst 92. In addition, since the catalyst combustion is carried out by the surface reaction to maintain the overall combustion reaction, the long-term high temperature action is likely to cause sintering or activity of the honeycomb catalyst 92 due to the high temperature resistance of the honeycomb catalyst 92. The substance volatilizes and affects the activity of the honeycomb catalyst 92, thereby causing the honeycomb catalyst 92 to cause a combustion/dehydration reaction of the fuel/air mixture to be degraded or even extinguished.

In order to improve the above shortcomings, most operators choose to use an external energy assisting device, or the energy released by the catalytic combustion after ignition, in order to achieve the effect of effectively maintaining the catalytic combustion reaction by the upstream energy supply.

For example, the Republic of China Announcement No. 63137, Announcement No. 252180, and Announcement No. 517821, etc., all propose different heater ignition heater technologies that provide energy through an external flame burner to promote combustion of the fuel in the catalyst. In addition, as disclosed in the Patent No. 252180 of the Republic of China, it discloses a multi-stage catalyst device for permeable to the activation energy of the catalyst by permeable to the catalyzed catalyst of the igniter having higher activity and lower ignition temperature. Obstacles, and initiate the combustion reaction of the catalyst, and thereby stabilize the catalytic combustion reaction downstream. In addition, such as the Republic of China Announcement No. 505764 and Announcement No. 197484, etc., respectively, the technology of using the heat exchanger and the bypass pipe to support the combustion of the catalyst is continued. Even, as in the Republic of China Announcement No. 517821, the design of fuel injection and mixing devices for premixed pre-mixed oil and gas is improved to achieve uniform fuel/air mixing. Efficacy, and avoiding the phenomenon that the catalyst is damaged when a local hot spot is generated when the catalyst is burned.

Although these patents are not resistant to high temperatures, the catalyst may be volatilized due to long-term high temperature, and even the loss of activity leads to the deterioration of the catalytic combustion reaction of the catalyst, and the elimination of the defects. However, these patent cases still cannot be solved. After the catalyst reaction, the fuel/air mixture is caused by catalyst damage and incomplete combustion due to high temperature combustion in the latter stage.

Here, the current industry mostly uses a multi-stage catalyst for segmented catalyst combustion, or a uniform gas phase combustion zone with a catalyst outlet, in order to solve the above-mentioned phenomenon that the fuel/air mixture combustion is incomplete. The system is described in the Republic of China Announcement No. 252180, Announcement No. 197484 and Announcement No. 517821, etc., so as to effectively improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel/air mixture through high-efficiency catalyst combustion.

However, the technical means disclosed in the above patents are susceptible to the following problems in practical use. Since the combustion effect of the catalyst is limited by the temperature at which the catalyst itself can withstand, the prior art disclosed in the above patents cannot be achieved, or even the catalyst combustion device that needs to act on higher temperature conditions. Unusable; if a uniform gas phase combustion zone is disposed directly in the rear of the catalytic converter, the temperature of the catalyst required for stable gas phase combustion cannot be achieved, and it is more likely to lose the activity of the catalyst itself. And reduce the effective combustion reaction of the catalyst. In addition, the highly anticipated catalyst gas turbine technology will also reduce the overall engine thermal efficiency due to catalyst combustion failure to provide sufficient turbine inlet air temperature.

In order to protect the catalyst from high temperature damage and improve the service life of the catalyst, such as the Republic of China Announcement No. 252180, Announcement No. 517821 and Announcement No. 283753, all of which are selected to use high and low temperature catalysts. Alternatively, a technique of cooling the support structure with different catalysts for catalyst cooling may be selected to solve the above problems.

However, the technique of using the above-mentioned high and low temperature catalyst segmentation is limited by the development of the high temperature resistant catalyst, and the pressure loss due to the increase of the catalyst length is increased; and further, the catalyst is used to cool the support structure. The cooling technology will result in a significant reduction in thermal efficiency and will not allow the catalyst to be burned for a comprehensive and practical application.

In view of this, it is indeed necessary to develop a variable parabolic catalyst flame arrester which is effective in segmental combustion and has high efficiency to improve the above-described problem of the catalyst being deactivated due to high temperature sintering.

The main object of the present invention is to improve the above disadvantages, and to provide a variable bypass catalyst flame arrester suitable for energy-saving multi-fuel, which can avoid the phenomenon of sintering or loss of activity caused by high-temperature combustion of the catalyst. In order to increase the combustion reaction and service life of the catalyst.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a variable bypass catalyst flame arrester suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels, which is capable of effectively maintaining a gas-phase combustion reaction of a fuel/air mixture so that the catalyst does not cause high temperature damage. Improve the thermal efficiency required on the application side.

In order to achieve the foregoing object, the variable parabolic catalyst flame arrester of the present invention suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels comprises: a catalyst combustion chamber, The system is divided into a premixing section and a catalyst section. The premixing section is separated from the catalyst section by a first-class gate, and a channel is formed between the catalyst section and the inner wall of the catalyst combustion chamber. a channel, the bypass channel is connected to the premixing section through the channel gate; a gas phase flame chamber is connected to the catalyst combustion chamber; and a tapered pipe is located in the catalyst combustion chamber and the gas phase resident Between the flame chambers, and communicating with the bypass passage outside the catalyst section; wherein the diameter or cross-sectional area of the runner gate is changeable to control the amount of combustible air intake of the bypass passage.

The variable parabolic catalyst flame-retardant burner of the present invention is also applicable to the energy-saving multi-fuel, and a plurality of parameter sensors and a logic controller are further disposed in the tapered pipeline, and the parameter sensor includes a temperature sensing member, a pressure sensing member and a fuel concentration sensing member, and the logic controller refers to using the plurality of parameter sensors, and the ignition reaction delay time of the gas phase flame chamber is compared with the flow rate The logical circuit of judgment.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more <RTIgt; The medium forms a modular catalytic combustion device, which is arranged in a ring or rectangular array according to actual needs, and is directly disposed in a domestic heater (such as a household gas stove, a water heater combustion module) or a gas turbine engine combustion chamber. .

Referring to FIG. 2, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the variable parabolic catalyst flame arrester for energy-saving multi-fuels includes a catalyst combustion chamber 1 and a gas phase flame chamber 2, the catalyst combustion chamber 1 and the gas phase flame chamber 2 are connected by a tapered duct 3, and the catalyst combustion chamber 1 is preferably It is chosen as a tubular passage for easy application to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine engine.

The catalyst combustor 1 is divided into a premixing section 11 and a catalyst section 12, and the premixing section 11 and the catalyst section 12 are separated by a first-class gate 13 which is used for fuel supply. F and air G are mixed to form a section of combustible gas 100, wherein the composition of the fuel F can be selected as a gas containing carbon or hydrogen atoms or a gasification synthesis gas (such as solidified petrochemical fuel gasification, biomass fuel) a gasification gasification gasification gasification of a petrochemical product; the catalyst combustion chamber 1 is connected to the gas phase flame chamber 2 through a tapered duct 3, so that the fuel mixture F/air G is formed in the premixing section 11 The combustible gas 100 can simultaneously flow through the catalyst section 12 and the runner gate 13 to form the combustible gas 101, 102, and then enter the tapered duct 3 to the vapor phase standing chamber 2. Moreover, a bypass channel 121 is formed between the catalyst section 12 and the inner wall of the catalyst combustor 1, and the bypass channel 121 is connected to the tapered duct 3, and the premixing is communicated through the runner gate 13 Paragraph 11. The runner gate 13 is designed to arbitrarily change the gate diameter or the cross-sectional area, and is particularly composed of a butterfly valve device, a flexible metal plate or a sector metal plate to control the flammability of the bypass channel 121. The amount of intake air of the gas 102; the catalyst section 12 can be selected from a straight-through parallel pipe honeycomb carrier, a mesh-shaped coiled Swiss roll, a noble metal or a metal oxide coated catalyst, and the precious metal Or the metal oxide coated catalyst directly electroplating or vapor-depositing the noble metal catalyst, or immersing the substrate carrier with a salt colloid solution of a noble metal catalyst and a metal oxide catalyst. Mixed and sintered. In addition, the bypass channel 121 of the embodiment is preferably an annular channel surrounding the outside of the catalyst segment 12.

The gas phase standing chamber 2 is used for supplying the combustible gas, and the gas phase stabilizing combustion reaction can be generated in the gas phase standing chamber 2 to achieve complete combustion and release energy. The combustible gas entering the gas phase standing chamber 2 is a mixed combustible gas 103, and the mixed combustible gas 103 is a high temperature gas 101' formed by burning the combustible gas 101 through the catalyst section 12, and The combustible gas 102 entering the bypass channel 121 is mixed. At this time, the high-temperature gas 101' after the combustion of the catalyst segment 12 belongs to a high-temperature exhaust gas, and further contains a part of unburned completely unburned combustible gas; The gas phase flame holding chamber 2 is a device or space capable of causing the mixed combustible gas 103 to generate flame combustion release energy thereon. In this embodiment, the gas phase flame standing chamber 2 is formed by the tapered pipe 3 connecting the expansion pipe or the metal mesh to promote the mixed combustible gas 103 to generate a recirculation zone in the gas phase flame chamber 2, The stagnation time of the mixed combustible gas 103 is increased to form a stable gas phase combustion flame, and the high temperature exhaust gas 104 generated after the flame holding of the gas phase standing chamber 2 is stabilized.

The tapered duct 3 is configured to steer the combustible gas 102 flowing through the bypass passage, and mix with the high temperature gas 101' flowing through the catalyst section 12 and combusted to form a mixed combustible gas 103. The gradual reduction mechanism. The high temperature gas 101' represents high temperature exhaust gas after combustion through the catalyst section 12, and the high temperature exhaust gas contains partially unburned unburned combustible gas. In this embodiment, the tapered duct 3 can be selected as a simple geometric duct, and the tapered duct 3 has an upstream port 31 and a a downstream port 32, the upstream port 31 is connected to the catalyst combustion chamber 1 and the like, and the downstream port 32 is connected to the diameter of the gas phase flame chamber 2, and the upstream port 31 is preferably directed to the downstream port 32. Decreasing, for collecting the high temperature gas 101' burned by the catalyst section 12, and the combustible gas 102 flowing through the bypass passage to achieve the effect of mixing the high temperature gas 101' with the combustible gas 102 for the taper The downstream port 32 of the pipe 3 discharges the mixed mixed combustible gas 103. Thereby, the stagnation time of the mixed combustible gas 103 can be increased through the tapered duct 3 and the vortex generating mechanism connected downstream, so that the mixed combustible gas 103 enters the gas phase standing chamber 2 and has stable combustion. effect. The tapered duct 3 of this embodiment may be selected to connect an expansion duct (as shown in FIG. 3a), or to connect a metal mesh M, and the metal mesh M is disposed at the downstream port 32 of the tapered duct 3. At (as shown in Figure 3b), the use of fluid swells or eddy currents through the mesh enhances mixing and fluid stagnation time to achieve stable combustion.

In addition, the present invention may further provide a plurality of parameter sensors 4 in the tapered duct 3, and the number parameter sensor 4 is connected to a logic controller 5 to use the plurality of parameter sensors 4 And the logic controller 5, effective to control the size of the flow channel gate 13 and adjust the intake air ratio of the combustible gas 101, 102 entering the catalyst segment 12 and the bypass channel 121 to promote the passage of the tapered conduit 3 The high temperature gas 101', the combustible gas 102 and the mixed combustible gas 103 can reach the gas phase combustion condition of the gas phase flame standing chamber 2, and avoid damage to the catalyst filled in the catalyst section 12 due to high temperature demand, thereby achieving improvement The temperature applicable range of the variable parabolic catalyst flame-retardant burner suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels and the effect of improving thermal combustion efficiency. Where the parameter is sensed The device 4 includes a temperature sensing member 41, a pressure sensing member 42 and a fuel concentration sensing member 43, and the logic device 5 refers to the use of the plurality of parameter sensors 4, and the gas phase flame holding flame The ignition reaction delay time of chamber 2 is compared with the flow rate and the logic circuit is judged (as shown in Fig. 4).

Referring to FIG. 2 again, in actual use, the present invention is to mix the fuel F and the air G in the premixing section 11 of the catalytic combustor 1 to form the combustible gas 100 into the catalytic combustor 1 . When the combustible gas 101 passes through the catalyst segment 12, a surface reaction is first generated to generate a surface combustion reaction to release a portion of the heat, and the combustible gas 102 without the catalyst segment 12 is passed through the variable gate diameter or section. The flow channel gate 13 of the area enters the bypass passage 121 outside the catalyst section 12, and the conduction heat of the catalyst section 12 increases the temperature of the unburned combustible gas 102, so that the unburned combustible gas 102 and the catalyst section are 12 The combusted high-temperature gas 101' is mixed in the tapered duct 3 to form a mixed combustible gas 103 to enter the gas-phase flame chamber 2; here, the variable design of the runner gate 13 can be adjusted into the The bypass channel 121 is proportional to the combustible gas 101, 102 entering the catalyst section 12, so that the high temperature mixed combustible gas 103 mixed in the tapered duct 3 can pass through the bypass passage through the flow adjustment control of the mixed combustible gas 103. 121 of unburned combustible gas 102, and via the catalyst section 12 The conditions of the combustion products are in accordance with the conditions of the current temperature, the fuel concentration, and the corresponding gas phase combustion ignition reaction delay time, and the gas phase flame chamber 2 can generate gas by the assistance of other flame holding mechanisms. Phase ignition and combustion stabilize the flame to achieve high efficiency gas phase combustion.

According to the above, the present invention is applicable to the variable energy-saving multi-fuel The para-catalyst flame-retardant burner can be applied to the combustion reaction of multi-fuels, and in the lean-burn combustion mode (meaning less than the flammable gas equivalent ratio of flammable gas conditions), it can reduce combustion pollution and rely on fossil fuels. efficacy. In addition, the variable parabolic catalyst flame-burning burner of the present invention suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels can be applied to petrochemical fuels and gasification syngas (which can be combusted by low calorific value such as waste or renewable biomass energy). Combustion of multi-fuels, such as gasification, achieves practical application of high efficiency and wide operating temperature range.

Even the present invention can effectively and simply utilize the flow distribution and the staged combustion reaction to safely and efficiently stabilize the combustion of the extremely low fuel F/air G ratio (very low equivalence ratio) and the low calorific value fuel, preventing the conventional The phenomenon of high-temperature sintering damage of the catalyst generated by the catalytic converter is controlled by the gas phase combustion condition of the gas-phase flame chamber 2, and the gas-phase flame-burning method is further used to further enhance the application of the present invention to energy-saving multiple The overall exhaust temperature of the variable parabolic catalyst flame-burning burner of the fuel reaches the temperature range of use of the variable parabolic catalyst flame-retardant burner suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels of the present invention, and the reinforcement of the present invention The utility model has the utility of the variable parabolic catalyst flame-burning burner applicable to the energy-saving multi-fuel, and further saves the fuel of the variable parabolic catalyst flame-burning burner suitable for the energy-saving multi-fuel In the diversified fuel source sources, the impact of the lack of fossil fuels is reduced, and the development and utilization of energy in the future will be of great help.

The variable parabolic catalyst flame-retardant burner suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels of the invention can avoid the sintering or deactivation phenomenon of the catalyst due to high-temperature combustion, so as to increase the combustion reaction and service life of the catalyst. Effect .

The variable parabolic catalyst flame-retardant burner suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels of the invention can effectively maintain the gas phase combustion efficiency of the fuel F/air G mixture gas to avoid the combustion of the fuel F/air G mixture gas. Incomplete phenomenon, the effect of staged effective combustion can be achieved, and the thermal efficiency required by the application end can be improved without the high temperature damage of the catalyst.

While the invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments described above, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the invention is protected, and therefore the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

1‧‧‧catalyst combustion chamber

11‧‧‧Premixed section

12‧‧‧Visible section

121‧‧‧bypass

13‧‧‧ runner gate

2‧‧‧ gas phase flame chamber

3‧‧‧ tapered pipeline

31‧‧‧Upstream port

32‧‧‧ downstream port

4‧‧‧Parameter Sensor

41‧‧‧Temperature sensing parts

42‧‧‧ Pressure sensing parts

43‧‧‧Concentration sensing parts

5‧‧‧Logic Controller

100‧‧‧fuel/air mixed combustible gas

101’‧‧‧High temperature gas flowing through the catalyst section

102‧‧‧Some of the combustible gas flowing through the bypass channel

103‧‧‧mixed combustible gas

104‧‧‧High temperature exhaust gas

M‧‧‧Metal Grid

F‧‧‧fuel

G‧‧‧Air

[study]

9‧‧‧catalyst burning device

91‧‧‧ tube channel

92‧‧‧ Honeycomb Catalyst

93‧‧‧Premixing room

94‧‧‧Exhaust duct

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of a conventional catalyst combustion device.

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

3a, 3b: a partial schematic view of the present invention.

Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the operational control of the present invention.

1‧‧‧catalyst combustion chamber

11‧‧‧Premixed section

12‧‧‧Visible section

121‧‧‧bypass

13‧‧‧ runner gate

2‧‧‧ gas phase flame chamber

3‧‧‧ tapered pipeline

31‧‧‧Upstream port

32‧‧‧ downstream port

4‧‧‧Parameter Sensor

41‧‧‧Temperature sensing parts

42‧‧‧ Pressure sensing parts

43‧‧‧Concentration sensing parts

100‧‧‧fuel/air mixed combustible gas

101‧‧‧Commercial gas entering the catalyst section

101’‧‧‧High temperature gas flowing through the catalyst section

102‧‧‧Combustible gas flowing through the bypass channel

103‧‧‧mixed combustible gas

104‧‧‧High temperature exhaust gas

Claims (10)

A variable parabolic catalyst flame arrester suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels comprises: a catalyst combustion chamber, which is divided into a premixing section and a catalyst section, the premixing section and the catalyst section A bypass channel is formed between the catalyst segment and the inner wall of the catalyst combustion chamber, and the bypass channel communicates with the premixing section through the runner gate; a gas phase flame chamber Connected to the catalytic combustor; and a tapered conduit between the catalytic combustor and the gas phase flame chamber, and in communication with a bypass passage outside the catalyst section; wherein the flow The diameter or cross-sectional area of the gate is changeable to control the amount of combustible air from the bypass. According to the variable parabolic catalyst flame-burning burner applicable to the energy-saving multi-fuel according to the first aspect of the patent application, a plurality of parameter sensors and a logic controller are further disposed in the tapered pipeline, the parameter The sensor includes a temperature sensing component, a pressure sensing component and a fuel concentration sensing component, and the logic controller refers to using the plurality of parameter sensors, and the ignition reaction delay of the gas phase flame standing chamber The logic that compares and judges the time and flow rate. A variable parabolic catalyst flame arrester suitable for use in an energy-saving multi-fuel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tapered duct is coupled to an expansion duct. A variable parabolic catalyst flame-retardant burner suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tapered pipe is connected A metal grid. A variable paraffin catalyst flame arrester suitable for use in an energy-saving multi-fuel as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the bypass channel is an annular channel surrounding the outside of the catalyst segment. A variable parabolic catalyst flame arrester suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the runner gate is a butterfly valve device, a flexible metal sheet or a sector metal sheet. And other structural components. The variable parabolic catalyst flame-retardant burner suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the catalyst section is a straight-through parallel pipe honeycomb carrier, and the mesh structure is crimped. Formed by Swiss roll carrier, precious metal or metal oxide coated catalyst. The variable paraffin catalyst flame-retardant burner suitable for energy-saving multi-fuels, as described in claim 7, wherein the noble metal or metal oxide coated catalyst directly electroplates and vapor-deposits the noble metal catalyst. Or immersed in a salt colloidal solution of a noble metal catalyst or a metal oxide catalyst, and the substrate carrier is mixed and sintered. The variable paraffin catalyst flame-retardant burner suitable for energy-saving multi-fuel, as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the combustible gas is composed of fuel-mixed air, and the fuel system is carbon-containing. , hydrogen gas or gasification synthesis gas. The variable parabolic catalyst flame-retardant burner suitable for energy-saving multi-fuel according to claim 9 of the patent application scope, wherein the gasification synthesis gas system is solidified petrochemical fuel gasification, biomass fuel gasification, petrochemical Gas for gasification of product waste.