TWI290510B - Low-orientation thermoplastic films - Google Patents
Low-orientation thermoplastic films Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI290510B TWI290510B TW92121319A TW92121319A TWI290510B TW I290510 B TWI290510 B TW I290510B TW 92121319 A TW92121319 A TW 92121319A TW 92121319 A TW92121319 A TW 92121319A TW I290510 B TWI290510 B TW I290510B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- roller
- nip
- polishing
- rollers
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003678 scratch resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002877 acrylic styrene acrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QMIWYOZFFSLIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)prop-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(=C)C(F)(F)F QMIWYOZFFSLIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920008790 Amorphous Polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101500021165 Aplysia californica Myomodulin-A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- YAAQEISEHDUIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=CC#N.OC(=O)C=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C=CC#N.OC(=O)C=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 YAAQEISEHDUIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010147 laser engraving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical class COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001485 poly(butyl acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005644 polyethylene terephthalate glycol copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007573 shrinkage measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
- B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/20—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C48/911—Cooling
- B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
- B29C48/914—Cooling drums
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/911—Cooling
- B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
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- B29C48/9155—Pressure rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29D7/01—Films or sheets
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- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0072—Roughness, e.g. anti-slip
- B29K2995/0073—Roughness, e.g. anti-slip smooth
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- B32B2307/302—Conductive
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- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/406—Bright, glossy, shiny surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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- B32B2309/08—Dimensions, e.g. volume
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- B32B2309/105—Thickness
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- B32B2355/02—ABS polymers, i.e. acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/0046—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by constructional aspects of the apparatus
- B32B37/0053—Constructional details of laminating machines comprising rollers; Constructional features of the rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/10—Removing layers, or parts of layers, mechanically or chemically
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
1290510 、發明說明: (一) 發明所屬之技術領域: 本發明關係一種低定向熱塑性薄膜。 (二) 先前技術: DE 3 8 42 7 96(R0hm公司)記述一種基於具有低的彈性體 粒度和高的彈性體含量之甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)模塑組 成物而成之PMMA薄膜。該案說明一種冷卻輥軋方法,在 其中熔體薄膜從擠押模頭釋出,以單一輥輪抽出並予冷卻。 WO 96/3 043 5和EP 763 5 60(三菱嫘縈)說明厚度高達0.3 毫米之PMMA之生產,其係基於特殊之PMMA配方:包括 一種基於聚丙烯酸丁酯而有特別粒徑之衝擊性改良劑,而 且有PMMA基質聚合物III和(視需要)而加入之熔體強度改 良劑(聚合物I)。 此薄膜產自使用單一輥輪法(被視爲一種冷卻-輥軋·熔融 -鑄造法),在其中熱塑性熔體在冷卻和固化程序當中與一 單一金屬輥輪接觸而被冷卻。其爲已被明白指出用於生產 所求厚度範圍薄膜之熱塑性熔體不能在兩個金屬輥輪之間 被模塑者。若與雙輥輪方法比較,此法之缺點在於對薄膜 品質有決定性效果。經過衝擊性改良之P MM A模塑組成物 具有形成凝膠規格之基本傾向,而且,與雙輥輪(平滑)方 法不同,其於單一冷卻輥軋之輥輪上之成形方法當中並非 被壓於薄膜表面之下,因而維持可以見到之光學缺陷。此 對隨後在印刷程序中特別不利於產生裝飾性薄膜,在其中 淸楚可見之缺陷成爲在凝膠規範區域之外表。此外,從冷 -6- 1290510 卻輥輪向外之薄膜表面,自由冷卻於大氣者,因爲彈性體 粒子和PM Μ A基質在體積收縮程度上之不同,造成出現可 被發覺之表面朦霧狀。此種結果是明顯的「丘與谷」表面 結構散射光線而引起不利的朦霧效果。 DE 195 44 563 (R6hm公司)記述一種用於產生本發明薄 膜之衝擊性改良PMMA模塑組成物(未被取消)。 DE 40 1 8 5 3 0(R6hm公司)記述一種用於從玻璃轉移溫度 >5 〇°C之熱塑膠製成厚度小於1毫米之固體薄片或薄膜之 方法。平坦性是將薄膜在連續帶上導過而達成。所得薄片 或薄膜實質上無受定向或雙折射。 EP 65 9 829(RShm公司)記述一種天候保護膜以及其所加 複之模製物,此薄膜不惟具有保護作用免受天候影響外, 且不吸收紫外線輻射。薄膜是由PMMA所製硬相和一種韌 性相所組成,而紫外線吸收劑存於硬相中。 EP 3 9 1 1 9 3 (Bayer公司)記述一種用於產生光學之各向同 性擠押膜,其爲兩面有光澤而厚度低於0.6毫米,且或爲: 1 ·以擠押產生而繼在一上漆彈性輥輪與一高度光亮鋼輥之 間砑光;或爲 2.以兩擠押步驟模製而成,其中,在第一步驟中,一面高 度光亮而另一面無光之薄膜爲產自擠押,繼予砑光於一 經打磨之彈性輥輪與一高度光亮之鋼質輥輪之間。在第 二擠押步驟中,產自第一步驟之薄膜在膜之無光澤面上 被塗以相同熱塑性熔體,所得已塗覆之薄膜再在一高度 光亮鋼輥與一經打磨之彈性輥之間砑光,塗覆之薄膜之 -7- !29〇51〇 高光澤面面向製自經打磨之彈性材料之輥輪。 方法1之缺點是因爲在橡膠輥輪上之漆層在曝於熔體高 溫時極易脆化而不能實現於產業。爲求減少高的熔體溫度 之效果,上漆之橡膠輥輪可在水浴中冷卻,但濕度對薄膜 之表面品質有負面影響。 方法2因爲需要兩道擠押步驟以產生薄膜而極不經濟。 此外,用熔體對薄膜作擠押塗覆而繼予砑光,尤其在如本 發明所要求之厚度範圍內,將導致不良之性質。 ΕΡ 1 6 5 07 5 (Εχχοη)記述一種由1 0-85重量%彈性體,和 90-15重量%聚烯烴生產兩面光亮之薄膜之方法,是在其軟 化點以上之溫度使所擠押之條片通過反向輥轉各輥輪之輥 隙。各輥輪之一爲高度光亮之鋼質冷卻輥輪,另一爲有高 度光亮之橡膠表面之輥輪,所得爲已冷卻之薄膜。如此所 得薄膜具有自25至250微米(1〇·6)之厚度。 ΕΡ294 706(R5hm公司)記述一種生產兩面平滑之薄膜之 方法,方法中所用平滑成分爲預先平滑化之薄膜,其係預 先產生於各種方法而轉用。 EP 916 474 (通用電器公司)記述一面塗有紫外光可熟化 之塗層之聚碳酸酯(PC)薄膜之生產。pc薄膜之一面爲具有 網紋。此薄膜具有低的雙折射和高之透光性,其原因爲薄 膜與塗層之折射率互相配合。 EP 916 47 5 (通用電器公司)記述一種由熱塑性材料生產 薄膜之方法,具有拋光之表面和雙折射小於2 5微米。其所 達成是由一金屬輥輪和一塗有聚四氟乙烯之輥輪製成一平 -8- 1290510 滑疊層。聚四氟乙烯塗層是施於橡膠覆蓋物上。 WO 96/40 480(Avery Derriso公司)記述一種擠押塗覆方 法。其中,光學上爲淸晰之材料被擠押於輔助膜(1 2)於輥 隙中。然後複合物進一步被塗以一種已聚合之他種材料。 擠押塗覆方法繼之以顏料著色,省去涉及溶劑發散之上漆 步驟。 第二著色層可被共同擠押於複合物上或由溶液鑄成。 在FriedheimHeusen(編者)之「塑膠擠押技術」(第2版 ,Hanser(1967)書中第373頁上圖11·5記載擠押塗覆方法 ,並且載於W0 96/40 480內。 D Ε 1 9 8 1 3 0 0 1處理一種根據D Ε 1 9 5 4 4 5 6 3之衝擊性改 良ΡΜΜΑ模塑組成物而產生高光澤薄膜,其爲實際上無凝 膠部份,有硬的表面,且可用於「模內薄膜裝飾」之方法 。熔體被擠押,以具有可調整模唇之模頭飼入而成爲本發 明之平滑疊層,其所設計爲特別產生高壓縮力於輥輪輥隙 內。各拋光輥輪已被打磨成圓突狀。各種薄膜被用於高品 質熱塑模塑性之表面裝飾。在輥隙中之高壓縮力產生具有 極高定向性之薄膜。 (三)發明內容: 本發明之一個目的是發展一種用於薄膜之簡單而低成本 濟押方法,可使產自熱塑性材料之薄膜厚度範圍在由2 0微 米至1 000微米,具有實用定向之表面效果,例如光亮、顏 料著色、無光化、紫外吸收或光散射,薄膜各面可有不同 -9- 1290510 游使熔質薄膜通過次一拋光輥隙或次一壓力輥隙, 其特徵爲在於: 模頭間隙寬度與薄膜厚度間之比例爲在自1 : 1至6 : 1範 圍內’較佳自1 : 1至4 : 1範圍內,特佳自1 : 1至3 ·· 1 範圍內,尤其在1: 1至2: 1範圍內;且在其中以在由輥 輪對(1,2)所形成之拋光輥隙內之薄膜條片速率除在次一拋 光輥隙或次一壓力輥隙內之薄膜條片速率所得之商爲在自 0 · 8至1 · 〇 5範圍內,較佳自0 · 8 5至1範圍內,特佳在自〇 . 9 至1之範圍內。 以單或雙螺桿擠押機所產生之熔體(可任選熔體泵使提 供恆定之熔體流)被用爲薄膜擠押而設計之模頭飼饋至於 本發明之成形程序。 在熔體泵與擠押模頭之間最好實施熔體過濾。從模頭寬 度所得之薄膜寬度例如可爲1 500毫米。模頭間隙或各模唇 間之開口之寬度例如可爲0 · 6毫米。熔體之溫度可依所用 材料平常操作溫度予以選擇。熔體所成尺寸,是依所用有 溫度控制之輥輪表面,以其所限定之輥隙、平滑化和冷卻 情形而決定。 整個拋光輥輪組是由至少三或四個輥輪所組成。首二個 輥輪形成一拋光輥輪組之輥隙,承接釋自縫隙模頭之熔質 薄膜。縫隙模頭最好直接設置於拋光輥輪組輥隙之上。縫 隙模頭與拋光輥輪組輥隙間之一般距離例如可爲自2至2 0 厘米。 可能之輥輪安排和表面磨光 -11- 1290510 從高光澤的表面引起一種受到控制而有週期性的離散。這 些輥輪也被稱爲壓花輕輪。若爲鋼質輥輪,提供精細無光 表面之一種方法是用電鏤刻、雷射鏤刻或噴砂於原先爲平 滑之表面上。 溶體溫度是根據所用材料常用之操作溫度而選定。 可用本發明方法生產之薄膜,其種類例如: •兩面平滑之薄膜, • 一面平滑而一面爲粗化或結構化表面之薄膜, •兩面爲粗化或結構化之薄膜。 各種薄膜通常也可以是共擠押或層積之薄膜。 適用之熱塑塑膠 如下各種材料可被用作薄膜之熱塑性材料。 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(Ρ Μ Μ A )、衝擊性改良之Ρ Μ Μ Α (在 PMMA內),由PMMA製成之摻合物,或由PMMA與氟聚 合物例如聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)所成之摻合物,其中PMMA 或PMMA內加PVDF,其間之混合比例可自1〇 : 90至90 :1 〇重量份爲例。對於本發明之目的,氟聚合物是可以獲 自以自由基聚合至少有一種氟取代基於其雙鍵上之烯烴不 飽和單體。在此也包括共聚物。此等共聚物除有一或多種 含氟單體之外也可含有其他單體,其係可與此等含氟單體 共聚合者。 含氟單體包括氯三氟乙烯、氟乙烯基磺酸、六氟異丁烯 、六氟丙烯、全氟化乙烯基甲基醚、四氟乙烯、氟乙烯和 偏二氟乙烯。其中,特佳者爲偏二氟乙烯。 1290510 其他合適之熱塑塑膠之實例爲丙烯膪-丁二烯-苯乙烯共 聚(ABS)、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物(ASA)、甲基丙 烯酸甲酯改質之ABS(MABS)、衝擊性改良之聚苯乙烯(屬 於PS)、PETG(非晶質聚對酞酸乙二醇酯)、和聚碳酸酯(pp)。 積層薄膜 在一特別具體例中,一種層積物薄膜,產自聚對酞酸乙 二醇酯薄膜(例如Mylar®薄膜,Dupont-Teijin)或聚丙烯薄 膜。第1輥輪製自高度光亮拋光之鋼,而第二輥輪具有彈性 表面,例如製自矽橡膠,形成一拋光輥隙。製自例如聚甲 基丙烯酸甲酯,或自衝擊性改良之聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,或 自聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/聚偏二氟乙烯摻合物等之熔質薄膜 被擠押進入此輥隙;於此同時,一種聚對酞酸乙二醇酯薄 膜,其厚度例如爲5 0微米者,通過具有彈性表面之第二輥 輪之面。所得之層積物,合計厚度例如可爲1 0 0微米者, 通過鄰接於第二輥輪並有冷卻輥功能之第三輥輪,因而被 冷卻。於此情形,第三輥輪與壓力輥輪(3 1)形成一壓力輥 隙’已冷卻之熔質薄膜通過其間。 層積物反而可以隨後予以分散。然後所得之薄膜PET薄 膜或聚丙烯薄膜之一面上出現高光澤之表面。 試驗方法 本發明薄膜之優點特別可用如後所測變數爲特徵,其如 也可以平行或垂直於擠押方向而量測者。 彈性模數、拉伸強度和斷裂於拉伸應變均依ISO 5 2 7-3 試驗’鉗夾長度爲60毫米,試驗速度爲50毫米/分。 -15- 1290510 鉛筆硬度可依ASTM D 3 3 63 -92測定。 光澤等級可依DIN 675 3 0量測於60°C。 混濁度可依ASTM D 1 003量測。對於表面混濁度之計算 ,是以兩面均經矽樹脂油處理後之薄膜混濁度減未處理狀 態所測之混濁度。 收縮率量測:「測定合計恢復率」。對此,用1 0 0 X 1 0 0 毫米大小之試件,於160 °C熱調節30分鐘。恢復率(熱鬆弛) 之定義爲試件在加熱至特定溫度時因收縮在尺寸上之改變 φ (常於室溫量測)。其係於試件上兩標記間未收縮前之分離 爲基礎,測定分離之恢復百分比。 有利之效果 本發明之各種薄膜具有比較少的聚合物分子定向作用, 促成有利之機械性質。 各薄膜具有低收縮率、低厚度公差和各向同性之機械性 質。表面品質高(低度魚眼/凝膠範圍數量)。 可用用途 各薄膜啓開其廣大之可行性範圍,應用定向之表面效果 ,其如:光亮性、著色、粗化(壓花)、無光(粒子改質)、紫 外光吸收、光散射 此使各薄膜適合用於廣泛之各種用途,例如用於各種方 法,生產裝飾性薄膜、紫外光保護薄膜、乾漆薄膜、用於 光學數據載體之耐刮薄膜、和各種數據載體材料,其爲印 製於連續的印刷方法者,其如凹版印術、曲面印刷、膠版 印刷、數位印刷、滾網印刷、或轉印術等方法;及/或加工 -16- 1290510 於連續的積層方法,其如各薄膜之共同層積法、熱塑性片 _ 材和熱塑定形材料之層積法、包裏技術、盤管塗覆法及/或 連續的塗裝方法,其如塗覆以防形成水滴、或提供抗菌性 、或提供自動潔淨性質、或耐刻劃、或耐刮損、或提供導 電性,視需要結合壓花方法。 上述特別具體例,所層積薄膜製自聚對酞酸乙二醇酯薄 膜或聚丙烯薄膜與聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,與衝擊性改良之聚 甲基丙烯酸酯或與聚甲基丙烯酸酯/聚偏二氟乙烯摻合物 φ ,具有高的機械強度和高的耐熱性。因此,所層積薄膜適 合進一步曝於高機械及/或熱應力之加工,例如發生於印刷 或塗覆程序。若與先前技術之薄膜比較,明顯減少條片斷 裂或黏著於導引輥輪上之缺失。 薄膜生產之一般事例 由衝擊性改良之聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯生產薄膜之實施例, 可進行如後。 在一實施例中,使用一種衝擊性改良之聚甲基丙烯酸甲 $ 酯模塑組成物,結構如下。例如,DE 3 8 42 796 C2所揭示 此型衝擊性改良模塑組成物之製備,材料是一種二層聚合 物,其爲具有內部韌化相,製自99重量。丙烯酸丁酯和1 重量%甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯;和外部硬相,製自9 6重量%甲 基丙烯酸甲酯和4重量%丙烯酸丁酯。此種衝擊性改良物 被用於有相等重量份之聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基質模塑組成物 而成之模塑組成物,該基質模塑組成物製自96重量%甲基 丙烯酸甲酯和4重量%丙烯酸甲酯。以擠押使成薄膜。 -17- 1290510 薄膜擠押廠 所用模塑組成物被熔於一單螺桿擠押機內,並飼入一平 膜模頭,將熔體分佈遍及其寬度。平膜模頭之縫隙寬度可 爲例如〇 · 4毫米。釋出熔體之溫度約爲2 5 0 °C。平膜模頭之 佈置爲垂直於拋光輥輪組的輥輪對上。輥輪對之一(2)具有 高光澤拋光之鋼質表面,而另一輥輪(1)具有製自矽橡膠之 粗化表面。各輥輪之直徑爲4 0 0毫米。兩輥輪溫度被控制 於8 0 °C之溫度。薄膜厚度爲0. 1 5毫米。發生於拋光輥輪組· 輥隙之線性壓力指示於擠押工廠之儀錶,並約在1 00牛頓/ 厘米之範圍內。在具有鋼製高度拋光表面之輥輪側面上, 薄膜條片被導過直徑爲250毫米之第三輥輪,其間距離約 3 00毫米。第三輥輪已控制於60 °C之溫度。第三輥輪與第 四輥輪形成一壓力輥隙。第四輥輪之直徑爲1 4 0毫米。 以在輥輪對(1,2)所成拋光輥隙中薄膜條帶之速率除在壓 力輥隙內之薄膜條帶之速率。所計算之商爲0.98。 然後薄膜條帶轉移至二或多個支持輥輪,並在完全冷卻 0 時,收捲於一輥上。 所成薄膜條帶,一面無光,對於機械性質之異向同性質 、厚度公差、收縮率和凝膠範圍數量均具有高的品質。 (五)圖式簡單說明: 本發明以如下各圖舉例說明,但無意以此等具體例作爲 限制。 第1圖:根據本發明之安排,有四個輥輪,與擠押方向 垂直。 -18- 1290510 ι=第二拋光組輥輪,例如具有矽樹脂製之彈性表面。 _ 2=第一拋光組輥輪,例如具有由拋光鋼製成之表面。 3 =第三拋光組輥輪,例如僅作冷卻輥輪之用。 3 1 =第四輥輪,例如有彈性物塗覆之表面,作爲壓力輥 之用途。 4=擠膜模頭 5 =熔質薄膜(例如製自衝擊性改良之聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)。 第2圖:根據本發明之安排,具有用於以聚對酞酸乙二 · 醇酯薄膜產生層積物之四個輥輪,圖例同第1圖。 6=聚對酞酸乙二醇酯薄膜。 7=薄膜層積物(聚對酞酸乙二醇酯,具有例如衝擊性改 質之聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)。 第3圖:根據本發明之安排,有三輥輪,其輕輪(3)與輥 輪(2)形成一隨後之拋光輥隙。圖例同第1圖。 & ®部分之代表符號說明: 1 第 二 拋 光 組 輥 輪 2 第 — 拋 光 組 輥 輪 3 第 二 拋 光 組 輥 輪 4 擠 膜 模 頭 5 熔 質 薄 膜 6 聚 對 酞 酸 乙 二 醇酯薄膜 7 薄 膜 層 積 物 31 第 四 輥 輪
Claims (1)
1290510 第9 2 1 2 1 3 1 9號「低定向熱塑性薄膜」專利案 ( 2007年4月14日修正) 拾、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種生產厚度範圍自20微米至1〇〇〇微米製自熱塑塑膠之 薄膜之方法,其係經由一縫隙模頭擠押塑膠,並將釋自 縫隙模頭之熔質薄膜在一拋光輥輪組內平滑化,輥輪組 由至少三或四個輥輪組成,其中第一輥輪對(1,2)形成一 拋光輥隙以承接熔質薄膜,並在拋光輥輪組輥隙下游將 熔質薄膜轉經次一拋光輥隙或經次一壓力輥隙,其特徵 在於: 模頭間隙寬度與薄膜厚度間之比例在1 : 1至6 : 1範 圍內,且其中以在由輥輪對(1,2)所形成之拋光輥隙內薄 膜條帶之速率除在次一拋光輥隙或在次一壓力輥隙內薄 膜條帶之速率,所得之商爲在自0.8至1.05之範圍內。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中輥輪對(1,2)之兩個 輥輪具有鋼製之表面。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中輥輪對(1,2)之一輥 輪具有鋼製表面,而另一輥輪之表面所具有之硬度低於 鋼之硬度。 4.如申請專利範圍第2或3項之方法,其中表面爲鋼製之 輥輪具有結構化或粗化之鋼質表面,或具有高度光亮之 拋光鋼質表面,其粗糙深度依DIN 4 7 6 8所量測分別爲R A 0.002-0.006 或 RT = 0.02-0.04。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第3項之方法,其中表面硬度低於鋼質 者之輥輪具有製自彈性、耐熱材料之表面,其蕭氏A硬 1290510 度在自30至90範圍內。 6·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法,其中第三 輥輪(3)爲緊接至輥輪對(1,2)各輥輪之一,使形成一拋光 輥隙於各輥輪之間,熔質薄膜在壓力下通過其中。 7 ·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法,其中第三 輥輪(3)遠離輥輪對(1,2)之最接近輥輪,使在此等輥輪之 間不再形成輥輪輥隙,而與壓力輥輪(3 1)形成壓力輥隙, 經冷卻之熔質薄膜通過其間。 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法,其中聚對 酞酸乙二醇酯薄膜或聚丙烯薄膜轉入表面硬度低於鋼質 之輥輪側之輥隙,與擠出之薄膜材料產生層積物。 9.如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中之層積薄膜產自聚 對酞酸乙二醇酯薄膜和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或衝擊性改良 之聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。 10·如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中之層積薄膜產自聚 對酞酸乙二醇酯薄膜和一種聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/聚偏二氟 乙烯摻合物。 1 1 · 一種薄膜,其係可以如申請專利範圍第1至1 0項中任一 項之方法製造之薄膜。 12.如申請專利範圍第11項之薄膜,其係適用於下列產品之 製法中: 裝飾薄膜、紫外光吸收薄膜、乾漆薄膜、用於光學數 據載體之防刮薄膜、和數據載體材料,其爲印製於連續 印刷法,如凹版印刷、曲面印刷、膠版印刷、數位印刷 -2- 1290510 、滾網印刷、或轉印術等方法;及/或連續塗覆法,如塗 覆以防形成水滴、或提供抗菌性質、或提供自動潔淨之 性質、或耐刻劃、或耐刮損、或提供導電性,視需要結 合壓花方法。 -3- 1290510 拾壹、圖式· 修正 補充
第2圖 1290510
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| TWI477383B (zh) * | 2007-12-05 | 2015-03-21 | Fujifilm Corp | 用於製造熱塑性樹脂薄膜的設備及用於製造熱塑性樹脂薄膜的方法 |
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| DE10043868A1 (de) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-04-04 | Roehm Gmbh | PMMA Formmassen mit verbesserter Schlagzähigkeit |
| DE10345045A1 (de) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-04-14 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Oberflächenvergütung von Werkstoffen durch Aufbringen insbesondere transparenter Schichten auf Basis von Polymethacrylaten |
| DE10354379A1 (de) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-06-23 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Formmasse, enthaltend ein Mattierungsmittel |
| DE102004024429A1 (de) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-12-08 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Formkörper, enthaltend eine Polymermischung aus schlagzähmodifizierten Poly(meth)-acrylat und Fluorpolymer |
| DE102005002072A1 (de) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-07-20 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Witterungsstabile Folie zur Gelbeinfärbung retroreflektierender Formkörper |
| DE102005019669A1 (de) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-10-12 | Röhm Gmbh | Folienmembran mit hervorragender Witterungsbeständigkeit, hoher Durchlässigkeit für solare Wärmestrahlung, effektiver Zurückhaltung der von der Erde emittierten Wärmestrahlung und hoher mechanischer Festigkeit sowie Verfahren zur Herstelung der Folienmembran |
| DE102005013082A1 (de) * | 2005-02-23 | 2006-08-24 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Extrudierte Folie oder Platte mit elektrisch leitfähiger Beschichtung, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung, sowie Verwendungen |
| DE102005020424A1 (de) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-02 | Röhm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Folie aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, Folie und Verwendung der Folie |
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| DE102011052771A1 (de) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-02-21 | Nordenia Deutschland Gronau Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entfernung von Verschmutzungen auf profilierten Oberflächen ineinander greifender Streckwalzen |
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| CN104228080B (zh) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-05-25 | 苏州云舒新材料科技有限公司 | 一种磨砂膜简易生产装置 |
| EP3075803A1 (de) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-10-05 | Evonik Röhm GmbH | Abzugssichere sicherheitsfolie mit hoher transparenz und ohne sollbruchstellen |
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2002
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- 2003-06-13 DE DE50308129T patent/DE50308129D1/de not_active Revoked
- 2003-06-13 AU AU2003237940A patent/AU2003237940B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-06-13 JP JP2004526686A patent/JP2005534542A/ja active Pending
- 2003-06-13 MX MXPA05001423A patent/MXPA05001423A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-06-13 US US10/514,712 patent/US20050164007A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-13 CN CN038154838A patent/CN1665667A/zh active Pending
- 2003-06-13 PT PT03735622T patent/PT1526960E/pt unknown
- 2003-06-13 CA CA002487046A patent/CA2487046C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-13 WO PCT/EP2003/006237 patent/WO2004014634A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-06-13 DK DK03735622T patent/DK1526960T3/da active
- 2003-06-13 KR KR1020057002076A patent/KR100668248B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-13 HR HR20041229A patent/HRP20041229A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-06-13 BR BR0311790-1A patent/BR0311790A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-13 EP EP03735622A patent/EP1526960B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2003-06-13 ES ES03735622T patent/ES2291649T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-13 AT AT03735622T patent/ATE372204T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-13 RU RU2004135068A patent/RU2335398C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-13 PL PL373091A patent/PL206545B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-05 TW TW92121319A patent/TWI290510B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI477383B (zh) * | 2007-12-05 | 2015-03-21 | Fujifilm Corp | 用於製造熱塑性樹脂薄膜的設備及用於製造熱塑性樹脂薄膜的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL373091A1 (en) | 2005-08-08 |
| KR100668248B1 (ko) | 2007-01-16 |
| ES2291649T3 (es) | 2008-03-01 |
| AU2003237940A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
| RU2004135068A (ru) | 2005-08-10 |
| PL206545B1 (pl) | 2010-08-31 |
| ATE372204T1 (de) | 2007-09-15 |
| RU2335398C2 (ru) | 2008-10-10 |
| DK1526960T3 (da) | 2007-12-03 |
| PT1526960E (pt) | 2007-11-16 |
| HRP20041229A2 (en) | 2005-02-28 |
| AU2003237940B2 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
| CA2487046A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
| DE50308129D1 (de) | 2007-10-18 |
| MXPA05001423A (es) | 2005-06-06 |
| IL165130A (en) | 2008-12-29 |
| US20050164007A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
| KR20050061447A (ko) | 2005-06-22 |
| ZA200501019B (en) | 2005-10-26 |
| WO2004014634A1 (de) | 2004-02-19 |
| EP1526960B1 (de) | 2007-09-05 |
| JP2005534542A (ja) | 2005-11-17 |
| DE10236045A1 (de) | 2004-02-19 |
| TW200412286A (en) | 2004-07-16 |
| CN1665667A (zh) | 2005-09-07 |
| BR0311790A (pt) | 2005-03-15 |
| EP1526960A1 (de) | 2005-05-04 |
| IL165130A0 (en) | 2005-12-18 |
| CA2487046C (en) | 2007-11-06 |
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