1274700 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明乃有關於自行車變速器，更特別地乃有關於自行 車變速器之變速機構，其裝配可改善纜繩拉動操作的換檔 速度。 【先前技術】 指標變速器一般包含拉緊及釋放機構，用來拉動及釋放 連接至一齒輪變換裝置（如自行車多段變速器）的控制纜繩 。變速器可以一或多個槓桿或旋轉握把來驅動，其在纜繩 拉動或纜繩釋放操作後返回初始位置。這樣的變速器揭示 於德國專利申請第1 02 1 3 45 0 A1號及德國專利申請第102 24 1 96 A 號。 德國專利申請第1 02 1 3 45 0號揭露一釋放機構，其用於 需要很少元件的變速器。該釋放機構包含一釋放槓桿頂住 一維持掣爪於初始位置。維持掣爪與複數個維持齒卡合來 維持纜繩捲軸的目前位置。在纜繩釋放操作過程中，釋放 槓桿將維持掣爪自維持齒脫離。此構成提供將釋放槓桿的 變速動作立即轉換爲纜繩捲軸的釋放動作。相似地，若拉 緊槓桿的動作立即轉換爲纜繩捲軸的旋轉動作，則拉緊掣 爪和拉緊齒的直接配置亦可加速纜繩的拉動操作。 德國專利申請第1 02 24 1 96號揭露一變速器，用來拉動 及釋放連接至一齒輪變換裝置的控制纜繩。該變速器包含 二槓桿，其一用來在纜繩拉動方向使纜繩捲軸對於中央軸 旋轉，另一用來在纜繩釋放方向使纜繩捲軸對於中央軸旋 1274700 轉。纜繩捲軸藉由一作用於控制纜繩的返回彈簧而在纜繩 釋放方向被施以預荷載，且非可旋轉地連接至一具有三齒 部的碟盤元件。藉由拉緊、維持、及抓握掣爪分別與碟盤 元件的拉緊、維持、及抓握齒部之間的卡合或脫離，使纜 繩捲軸旋轉至或保持在所需位置。一滑動元件設置在碟盤 元件附近，並在一端包含維持掣爪，在另一端包含抓握掣 爪。靜止時，維持掣爪與維持齒卡合。在釋放操作中，維 持及抓握掣爪分別輪流與維持及抓握齒部卡合。維持及抓 握齒部在碟盤元件周圍互相相對地配置。 拉緊齒部自碟盤元件周圍向內設置，並具有鋸齒狀的齒 。拉緊掣爪藉由拉緊掣爪彈簧而偏離拉緊齒，並安裝於纜 繩拉動槓桿。拉緊掣爪對於掣爪軸而樞轉，掣爪軸延伸平 行於纜繩捲軸的軸。由於纜繩拉動槓桿乃配置於一支持平 板下方’且該複數個拉緊齒乃配置於該平板上方，因此在 纜繩拉動操作中，拉緊掣爪必須經由支持平板到達而卡合 拉緊齒。 纜繩拉動操作乃藉由對於中央軸來旋轉纜繩拉動槓桿而 起動。取決於纜繩拉動槓桿的樞轉角度，齒輪變換裝置可 以換檔一或多個齒輪。在纜繩拉動操作後，纜繩拉動槓桿 及拉緊掣爪藉由一返回彈簧而返回其初始位置，且纜繩捲 軸藉由維持掣爪與複數個維持齒卡合而保持在目前的位置 纜繩釋放操作乃藉由對於一軸來旋轉纜繩釋放槓桿而起 動’造成該槓桿推頂滑動元件，且維持掣爪自維持齒移開 1274700 ，造成纜繩捲軸在纜繩釋放方向旋轉’直到抓握掣爪與下 一個抓握齒卡合。一旦釋放槓桿被釋放，該槓桿便藉由一 返回彈簧而返回其初始位置’造成滑動元件被移開’而使 得抓握掣爪自抓握齒移開，且纜繩捲軸在釋放方向進一步 旋轉，直到維持掣爪與下一個維持齒卡合。 上述的變速器提供準確的變速程序。然而，上述變速器 之一缺點爲，纜繩拉動槓桿在拉緊掣爪卡合拉緊齒之前’ 必須移開一定的距離，才能起動纜繩拉動操作。 【發明内容】 本發明提供一自行車變速器，用來將拉緊驅動元件的變 速動作立即轉換成纜繩捲軸的纜繩拉動動作，纜繩捲軸拉 動連接至一齒輪變換裝置的控制纜繩。此變速器一般包含 一變速器容室、一纜繩捲軸、一拉緊機構其具有一拉緊驅 動元件及可與複數個拉緊齒卡合的一拉緊掣爪、及一釋放 機構其具有一釋放驅動元件及分別可與維持及抓握齒卡合 的維持及抓握掣爪。變速器容室可安裝於自行車把手。纜 繩捲軸對於一軸旋轉，且藉由控制纜繩的張力在纜繩釋放 方向偏離。拉緊、維持、及抓握齒配置在一碟盤元件上， 碟盤元件不可旋轉地連接至纜繩捲軸。較佳地，拉緊齒配 置在碟盤元件周圍的內部，且維持及抓握齒沿著該周圍配 置，較佳是互相相對。 爲了確保快速的纜繩拉動操作，拉緊掣爪的初始位置極 接近拉緊齒，或可無荷載地接觸拉緊齒。較佳地，拉緊掣 爪乃安裝於拉緊槓桿，拉緊槓桿可對纜繩捲軸之軸旋轉， 1274700 且其初始位置藉由一返回彈簧而偏離抵靠於一停止元件(g \J 恭)。較佳地，拉緊掣爪對於一拉緊掣爪軸（其沿伸平行於纜 繩捲軸之軸）而旋轉。一拉緊掣爪彈簧使拉緊掣爪偏離朝向 拉緊齒。由於拉緊掣爪安裝於纜繩拉動槓桿，拉緊掣爪相 對於拉緊齒的位置由拉緊槓桿的位置決定。在一實施例中 ，配設拉緊槓桿的初始位置使得拉緊掣爪無荷載地接觸或 頂住拉緊齒。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to bicycle transmissions, and more particularly to a shifting mechanism for a bicycle transmission that is equipped to improve the shifting speed of the cable pulling operation. [Prior Art] The index transmission generally includes a tensioning and releasing mechanism for pulling and releasing a control cable connected to a gear shifting device such as a bicycle multi-speed transmission. The transmission can be driven by one or more levers or rotary grips that return to the initial position after a cable pull or cable release operation. Such a transmission is disclosed in German Patent Application No. 1 02 1 3 45 0 A1 and German Patent Application No. 102 24 1 96 A. German Patent Application No. 1 02 1 3 45 0 discloses a release mechanism for a transmission that requires few components. The release mechanism includes a release lever that abuts the pawl in the initial position. The pawl is held in engagement with a plurality of retaining teeth to maintain the current position of the cable spool. The release lever will maintain the pawl disengaged from the sustaining tooth during the cable release operation. This configuration provides a release action that immediately converts the shifting action of the release lever into a cable reel. Similarly, if the action of the tensioning lever is immediately converted to the rotational motion of the cable reel, the direct configuration of the tensioning jaw and the tensioning tooth can also accelerate the pulling operation of the cable. German Patent Application No. 1 02 24 1 96 discloses a transmission for pulling and releasing a control cable connected to a gear shifting device. The transmission includes two levers, one for rotating the cable reel for the central axis in the cable pulling direction and the other for rotating the cable reel 1274700 to the central axis in the cable release direction. The cable reel is preloaded in the cable release direction by a return spring acting on the control cable and is non-rotatably coupled to a disk member having three teeth. The cable reel is rotated or held in the desired position by tensioning, maintaining, and grasping the pawl to engage or disengage the disc member, respectively, with the tensioning, retaining, and gripping teeth. A sliding element is disposed adjacent the disc member and includes a retaining pawl at one end and a gripping pawl at the other end. When at rest, the paws are held in engagement with the retaining teeth. In the release operation, the retaining and gripping pawls are respectively engaged with the retaining and gripping teeth. The holding and gripping teeth are disposed opposite each other around the disk member. The tensioning teeth are disposed inwardly from around the disk member and have serrated teeth. The tensioning pawl is biased away from the tensioning tooth by tightening the pawl spring and is mounted to the cable pulling lever. The tensioning pawl pivots for the pawl shaft and the pawl shaft extends parallel to the axis of the cable spool. Since the cable pulling lever is disposed below a support plate and the plurality of tensioning teeth are disposed above the plate, in the cable pulling operation, the tensioning pawl must be reached via the support plate to engage the tensioning teeth. The cable pulling operation is initiated by rotating the cable pull lever for the central shaft. The gear shifting device can shift one or more gears depending on the pivoting angle of the cable pulling lever. After the cable pulling operation, the cable pulling lever and the tensioning pawl are returned to their original positions by a return spring, and the cable reel is held in the current position by maintaining the pawl engaged with the plurality of maintaining teeth. Starting by rotating the cable release lever for one axis 'causes the lever to push the sliding element and maintains the pawl from the sustaining tooth to move 1274700, causing the cable reel to rotate in the cable release direction' until the gripper grip and the next grip Tooth engagement. Once the release lever is released, the lever returns to its original position by a return spring 'causing the sliding element to be removed' such that the gripping pawl is removed from the gripping tooth and the cable reel is further rotated in the release direction until Keep the pawl engaged with the next retaining tooth. The above described transmission provides an accurate shifting procedure. However, one of the disadvantages of the above-described transmission is that the cable pulling lever must be removed a certain distance before the tensioning jaws engage the tensioning teeth to initiate the cable pulling operation. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a bicycle transmission for immediately converting a speed change action of a tensioning drive member into a cable pulling action of a cable reel, the cable reel being pulled to a control cable of a gear shifting device. The transmission generally includes a transmission chamber, a cable reel, a tensioning mechanism having a tensioning drive member and a tensioning pawl engageable with the plurality of tensioning teeth, and a release mechanism having a release drive The components and the retention and gripping pawls that are respectively engageable with the retaining and gripping teeth. The transmission chamber can be mounted to the bicycle handlebar. The cable reel rotates for one axis and is deflected in the cable release direction by controlling the tension of the cable. The tensioning, holding, and gripping teeth are disposed on a disc member that is non-rotatably coupled to the cable reel. Preferably, the tensioning teeth are disposed about the interior of the disk member and the retaining and gripping teeth are disposed along the periphery, preferably opposite one another. To ensure a fast cable pull operation, the initial position of the tensioning jaws is very close to the tensioning teeth or the tensioning teeth can be contacted without load. Preferably, the tensioning pawl is mounted to the tensioning lever, and the tensioning lever is rotatable to the shaft of the cable spool, 1274700 and its initial position is offset by a return spring against a stop element (g \J Christine) . Preferably, the tensioning pawl is rotated for a tensioning pawl shaft that extends parallel to the axis of the cable spool. A tensioning pawl spring biases the tensioning pawl toward the tensioning tooth. Since the tensioning pawl is mounted to the cable pulling lever, the position of the tensioning jaw relative to the tensioning tooth is determined by the position of the tensioning lever. In an embodiment, the initial position of the tensioning lever is provided such that the tensioning pawl contacts or holds the tensioning tooth without load.
釋放驅動元件是可對一軸旋轉的槓桿，此軸較佳是不同 於纜繩捲軸之軸。釋放機構進一步包含一滑動元件，其設 置在於碟盤元件附近，並在一端包含維持掣爪，在另一端 包含抓握掣爪。在纜繩釋放操作中，維持及抓握掣爪分別 輪流與維持及釋放齒卡合。然而當變速器閒置時，維持掣 爪與維持齒卡合來保持纜繩捲軸的目前位置。在纜繩釋放 操作的起始階段，拉緊掣爪首先必須自拉緊齒移開，否則 拉緊掣爪會防止纜繩捲軸在纜繩釋放方向旋轉。拉緊掣爪 自拉緊齒移開，乃可藉由釋放槓桿或一連接元件，較佳爲 置於拉緊掣爪及滑動元件之間的一彈簧。爲了達到拉緊掣 爪及時的位移，此連接元件藉由施加比拉緊掣爪彈簧使拉 緊掣爪偏離朝向拉緊齒還強的力，來移開拉緊掣爪。連接 元件將拉緊掣爪自拉緊齒移開後，維持掣爪便自維持齒脫 離，造成纜繩捲軸在纜繩釋放方向旋轉。連接元件配置在 拉緊掣爪及釋放槓桿或滑動元件之間，確保了有效率的變 速操作，即使在低產品公差的情形。 在本發明之一實施例中，此連接元件爲一彈性元件，如 1274700 彈簧，其一端被支持在容室或支持平板上，另一端則連接 至釋放彳貝_干或滑動兀件。在驅動時，釋放槓桿抵抗彈簧初 $口彈力移開滑動兀件，造成彈簧繞其支持於容室的一端而 樞轉，並以彈簧的彎曲部移開拉緊掣爪脫離其卡合位置， 即使是在維持掣爪釋放碟盤元件之前。預荷載彈簧不僅用 - 來將拉緊掣爪自拉緊國移開，還有助於使滑動元件或釋放 槓桿返回其初始位置。 本發明的這些及其他特徵以及優點，可由以下本發明之 ® 一實施例的敘述以及所附圖式而得以更完整地瞭解。 【實施方式】 -第1圖至第4圖例示根據本發明之一實施例的自行車變 速窃1。該變速益1 一^般包含一變速器容室11、一續繩捲 軸1 7、拉緊及釋放機構2 0，2 2、以及一扣環2 4用來將變速 器1嵌於自行車之一把手。纜繩捲軸1 7可對一中央軸5旋 轉，並具有一纜繩溝槽來容納控制纜繩，纜繩溝槽可具有 一插入開口來確保固定控制纜繩之一端。控制纜繩之另一 @ 端連接至一齒輪變換裝置（未顯示）。齒輪變換裝置可爲一 後變速裝置、一前變速裝置、一內部齒輪轂、或其他類似 型式的機構。拉緊機構20在纜繩拉動方向旋轉纜繩捲軸 1 7而在第一方向變換齒輪，釋放機構22則在纜繩釋放方 向旋轉纜繩捲軸1 7而在第二方向變換齒輪。 拉緊機構20 —般包含一拉緊驅動元件2，以及可與複數 個拉緊齒8卡合的一拉緊掣爪14。在本發明之一實施例 中，拉緊驅動元件2爲可對纜繩捲軸之軸5旋轉之一槓桿。 在初始位置中，拉緊槓桿2藉由一返回彈簧而偏離抵靠一The release drive element is a lever that is rotatable about an axis, preferably different from the axis of the cable reel. The release mechanism further includes a sliding member disposed adjacent the disc member and including a retaining pawl at one end and a gripping pawl at the other end. In the cable release operation, the sustaining and gripping pawls are respectively engaged with the sustaining and releasing teeth. However, when the transmission is idle, the pawl is maintained in engagement with the retaining teeth to maintain the current position of the cable reel. At the beginning of the cable release operation, the tensioning jaws must first be removed from the tensioning teeth, otherwise tightening the jaws will prevent the cable spool from rotating in the cable release direction. Pulling the jaws away from the tensioning teeth can be accomplished by releasing the lever or a connecting member, preferably a spring placed between the jaws and the sliding member. In order to achieve a timely displacement of the tensioning jaws, the connecting member removes the tensioning jaws by applying a force that is stronger than pulling the jaw springs away from the tensioning jaws toward the tensioning teeth. The connecting element moves the tensioning pawl away from the tensioning tooth, maintaining the pawl disengaging from the retaining tooth, causing the cable spool to rotate in the cable release direction. The connecting element is placed between the tensioning pawl and the release lever or sliding element, ensuring efficient variable speed operation, even in low product tolerances. In one embodiment of the invention, the connecting member is a resilient member, such as a 1274700 spring, one end of which is supported on the chamber or support plate and the other end coupled to the release mussel-dry or sliding member. When driving, the release lever moves the sliding member against the spring force of the spring, causing the spring to pivot about its support at one end of the chamber, and moving the tensioning portion of the spring to disengage the jaw from its engaged position. Even before the claws are released to release the disc components. The preload spring not only uses - to move the tensioning jaw away from the tensioning state, but also helps to return the sliding element or release lever to its original position. These and other features and advantages of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description of the <RTIgt; [Embodiment] - Figures 1 to 4 illustrate a bicycle tampering 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The shifting gear 1 generally includes a transmission chamber 11, a continuous rope reel shaft 17, a tensioning and releasing mechanism 20, 2, 2, and a buckle 24 for embedding the transmission 1 in a handle of the bicycle. The cable spool 17 is rotatable about a central shaft 5 and has a cable channel for receiving a control cable, the cable channel having an insertion opening to secure one end of the control cable. The other @ terminal of the control cable is connected to a gear shifting device (not shown). The gear shifting device can be a rear shifting device, a front shifting device, an internal gear hub, or other similar type of mechanism. The tensioning mechanism 20 rotates the cable reel 1 in the cable pulling direction to change the gear in the first direction, and the release mechanism 22 rotates the cable reel 17 in the cable releasing direction to change the gear in the second direction. The tensioning mechanism 20 generally includes a tensioning drive member 2 and a tensioning jaw 14 engageable with a plurality of tensioning teeth 8. In one embodiment of the invention, the tensioning drive element 2 is a lever that is rotatable about the shaft 5 of the cable reel. In the initial position, the tensioning lever 2 deviates from the abutment by a return spring
1274700 停止元件。較佳地，拉緊掣爪1 4乃置於槓桿2上’ 拉緊掣爪軸旋轉，該軸平行於纜繩捲軸之軸5。一 爪彈簧18使拉緊掣爪14偏離朝向拉緊齒8。拉緊 的配置使得當槓桿2在其初始位置時，拉緊掣爪1 4 拉緊齒8或無荷載地接觸齒8。 釋放機構22 —般包含一釋放驅動元件3，以及分 維持及抓握齒6，7卡合的維持及抓握掣爪12，13。 施例中，釋放驅動元件3爲可對一軸旋轉的釋放槓 軸較佳是不同於中央軸5。一返回彈簧在槓桿3釋® 使槓桿3返回其初始位置。釋放機構22進一步包含 元件9，其一端包含維持掣爪1 2，另一端包含抓握掣 滑動元件9藉由二個導引插銷10而連接至容室1] 10乃容納於滑動元件9之二延長導引部26中。 維持、抓握、及拉緊齒6，7，8置於一不可旋轉地 纜繩捲軸1 7之碟盤元件4上。較佳地，拉緊齒8配 盤元件4周圍的內部，且維持及抓握齒6，7沿著該 置，較佳是互相相對。滑動元件9乃對於碟盤元件< 使得在纜繩釋放操作中，維持掣爪1 2及抓握掣爪 卡合碟盤元件4上相對應的複數個齒6, 7。當變速 置時，維持掣爪丨2偏離而卡合維持齒6來防止碟S 及纜繩捲軸1 7在纜繩釋放方向旋轉。在替代實施名 緊齒8及維持齒6可配置於碟盤元件4的周圍上， 7可配置在碟盤元件4周圍的內部。此外，拉緊齒 握齒7可配置於碟盤元件4的周圍上，維持齒6 盤元件4周圍的內部。 並對一 拉緊掣 槓桿2 極接近 別可與 在一實 桿，該 〔之後， 一滑動 爪13。 ’插銷 連接至 置在碟 周圍配 ί設置， 1 3輪流 器1閒 塞元件4 11中，拉 抓握齒 8及抓 f置於碟 -10- 1274700 在本發明之一實施例中，釋放機構22可進一步包含一連 接元件15，其置於拉緊掣爪14及滑動元件9之間，用來 在釋放操作中將拉緊掣爪14自拉緊齒8移開。較佳地，連 接元件1 5爲一彈性元件，如彈簧。彈簧1 5製成U字型， 其一端支持於容室1 1或一支持平板上，另一端連接至滑動 元件9或釋放槓桿3。彈簧1 5的設置使得在靜止時，彈簧 15之一彎曲部16的位置極接近拉緊掣爪14。彈簧15具有 比拉緊掣爪彈簧18還大的彈力，來克服拉緊掣爪彈簧18 的初始彈力。 參照第1圖，拉緊及釋放機構20, 22位於其初始位置。 抓握掣爪1 3脫離抓握齒7，而維持掣爪1 2與維持齒6卡 合來保持碟盤元件4及纜繩捲軸1 7於目前的位置，否則會 因爲控制纜繩的張力而在纜繩釋放方向旋轉。拉緊掣爪14 無荷載地接觸拉緊齒8來在纜繩拉動操作開始時，將拉緊 槓桿2的動作立即轉移至碟盤元件4。 第2圖例示在拉緊操作中的變速器1。在驅動拉緊槓桿2 時，拉緊掣爪14在纜繩拉動方向移動，造成碟盤元件4在 纜繩拉動方向移動。此外，滑動元件9的維持掣爪1 2在維 持齒28後部上滑動。此外，由於彈簧1 5連接至滑動元件 9，其亦移動，但彈簧15並未接觸拉緊掣爪14，因爲拉緊 掣爪1 4已將碟盤元件4在纜繩拉動方向進一步旋轉，並已 佔有新的位置。纜繩拉動操作繼續進行時，維持掣爪1 2在 維持齒2 8上滑動，進入齒6之間的下一間隙，並且當拉緊 槓桿2及拉緊掣爪1 4在變速程序之後返回其初始位置時， 防止碟盤元件4的任何動作。 -11- 1274700 第3圖例示纜繩釋放操作中的變速器1。在驅動釋放槓 桿3時，滑動元件9的導引插銷10沿著導引部26滑動’ 造成彈簧1 5將拉緊掣爪1 4自拉緊齒8移開。接下來’維 持掣爪12自維持齒6移開，造成碟盤元件4及纜繩捲軸 1 7在纜繩釋放方向旋轉，直到抓握掣爪1 3與下一個抓握 齒30卡合。此配設允許在一釋放操作中發生一個換檔。一 旦釋放槓桿3被釋放，滑動元件9便返回其初始位置，造 成抓握掣爪1 3自抓握齒30脫離，並造成維持掣爪1 2與下 一個維持齒32卡合。然而在維持掣爪12與維持齒32卡合 前，拉緊掣爪14無荷載地接觸一拉緊齒34。 雖然本發明參照一較佳實施例而敘述，應了解的是在本 發明所述槪念的精神及範疇內，可有許多的變化。因此， 本發明並不限制於所揭露的實施例，而是具有後附申請專 利範圍之文字所允許的完整範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 在圖式中： 第1圖爲根據本發明之一實施例置於一自行車變速器內 的變速機構位在初始位置之上視圖； 第2圖爲第1圖之變速機構於拉緊操作之上視圖； 第3圖爲第1圖之變速機構於纜繩釋放操作之上視圖； 以及 第4圖爲第1圖之自行車變速器之爆炸圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 變速器 2 拉緊驅動元件 -12- Ϊ274700 3 釋放驅動元件 4 碟盤元件 5 中央軸 6 維持齒 7 抓握齒 8 拉緊齒 9 滑動元件 10導引插銷 p 1 1變速器容室 1 2維持掣爪 1 3抓握掣爪 14拉緊掣爪 1 5連接元件 1 6彎曲部 1 7纜繩捲軸 1 8拉緊掣爪彈簧 | 20拉緊機構 22釋放機構 24扣環 26導引部 28維持齒 3 0抓握齒 3 2維持齒 34拉緊齒 -13-1274700 Stop component. Preferably, the tensioning pawl 14 is placed on the lever 2 to pull the pawl shaft to rotate, the shaft being parallel to the axis 5 of the cable spool. A pawl spring 18 biases the tensioning pawl 14 away from the tensioning teeth 8. The tensioned configuration is such that when the lever 2 is in its initial position, the jaws 14 are tightened to tighten the teeth 8 or contact the teeth 8 without load. The release mechanism 22 generally includes a release drive member 3, and a retaining and gripping pawl 12, 13 that retains and grips the teeth 6, 7 to engage. In the embodiment, the release drive member 3 is a release lever shaft that is rotatable about an axis, preferably different from the central shaft 5. A return spring returns the lever 3 to its initial position at the lever 3 release. The release mechanism 22 further includes an element 9 having a retaining pawl 12 at one end and a gripping jaw 9 at the other end. The sliding member 9 is coupled to the chamber 1 by two guiding pins 10] 10 is received in the sliding member 9 The guide portion 26 is extended. The holding, gripping and tensioning teeth 6, 7, 8 are placed on a disc member 4 of a non-rotatable cable reel 17. Preferably, the taut teeth 8 are disposed around the interior of the disc member 4 and the retaining and gripping teeth 6, 7 are disposed therewith, preferably opposite one another. The sliding member 9 is for the disk member <RTI ID=0.0>>><>><>> When the shift is set, the pawl 丨 2 is kept deviated and the retaining teeth 6 are engaged to prevent the disc S and the cable reel 17 from rotating in the cable releasing direction. In the alternative embodiment, the tightening teeth 8 and the retaining teeth 6 may be disposed on the periphery of the disk member 4, and 7 may be disposed inside the disk member 4. Further, the tensioning tooth holding teeth 7 can be disposed on the periphery of the disk member 4 to maintain the inside of the disk 6 around the disk member 4. And a tension 掣 lever 2 is very close to the other, and in a real rod, the [after a sliding claw 13]. 'The latch is connected to the setting around the disc, the 1 3 wheel deflector 1 is in the idler element 4 11 , the gripping tooth 8 and the gripping f are placed in the dish-10- 1274700. In one embodiment of the invention, the release mechanism 22 may further comprise a connecting element 15 placed between the tensioning jaw 14 and the sliding element 9 for removing the tensioning jaw 14 from the tensioning tooth 8 during the release operation. Preferably, the connecting member 15 is an elastic member such as a spring. The spring 15 is formed in a U shape, one end of which is supported on the chamber 11 or a support plate, and the other end is connected to the slide member 9 or the release lever 3. The spring 15 is arranged such that, at rest, the position of one of the bends 16 of the spring 15 is very close to the tensioning pawl 14. The spring 15 has a greater spring force than the tensioning pawl spring 18 to overcome the initial spring force of the tensioning pawl spring 18. Referring to Figure 1, the tensioning and release mechanisms 20, 22 are in their initial positions. The gripping pawl 1 3 is disengaged from the gripping tooth 7, while the retaining pawl 1 2 is engaged with the retaining tooth 6 to hold the disc member 4 and the cable reel 17 in the current position, otherwise the cable will be in tension due to the tension of the control cable. Rotate in the release direction. The tensioning pawl 14 contacts the tensioning tooth 8 without load to immediately transfer the action of the tensioning lever 2 to the disk member 4 at the start of the cable pulling operation. Figure 2 illustrates the transmission 1 in a tensioning operation. When the tensioning lever 2 is driven, the tensioning pawl 14 moves in the direction in which the cable is pulled, causing the disk member 4 to move in the direction in which the cable is pulled. Further, the maintaining pawl 1 2 of the sliding member 9 slides on the rear portion of the retaining tooth 28. Furthermore, since the spring 15 is connected to the sliding element 9, it also moves, but the spring 15 does not contact the tensioning pawl 14, since the tensioning pawl 14 has rotated the disk member 4 further in the direction of the cable pulling, and Occupy a new location. As the cable pulling operation continues, the pawl 12 is maintained to slide over the retaining tooth 28, into the next gap between the teeth 6, and when the tensioning lever 2 and the tightening pawl 14 return to their initial state after the shifting procedure In the position, any action of the disk member 4 is prevented. -11- 1274700 Fig. 3 illustrates the transmission 1 in the cable release operation. When the release lever 3 is driven, the guide pin 10 of the sliding member 9 slides along the guide portion 26, causing the spring 15 to move the tensioning pawl 14 away from the tensioning tooth 8. Next, the retaining pawl 12 is removed from the retaining tooth 6, causing the disc member 4 and the cable spool 17 to rotate in the cable releasing direction until the gripping pawl 13 is engaged with the next gripping tooth 30. This configuration allows for a shift to occur in a release operation. Once the release lever 3 is released, the sliding member 9 returns to its original position, causing the gripping pawl 13 to disengage from the gripping teeth 30 and causing the retaining pawl 12 to engage the next retaining tooth 32. However, before the pawl 12 is engaged with the retaining tooth 32, the tensioning pawl 14 contacts the tensioning tooth 34 without load. Although the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that many modifications may be made within the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but the full scope of the text of the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a view showing a shifting mechanism placed in a bicycle transmission in an initial position according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a shifting mechanism of FIG. The upper view of the tensioning operation; Fig. 3 is a top view of the shifting mechanism of Fig. 1 in the cable releasing operation; and Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the bicycle transmission of Fig. 1. [Main component symbol description] 1 Transmission 2 Tensioning drive element -12- Ϊ 274700 3 Release drive element 4 Disc element 5 Central shaft 6 Maintenance tooth 7 Grip tooth 8 Tensioning tooth 9 Sliding element 10 Guide pin p 1 1 Transmission The chamber 1 2 maintains the pawl 1 3 grips the pawl 14 tightens the pawl 1 5 connects the element 1 6 bends 1 7 the cable reel 1 8 tightens the pawl spring | 20 tensioning mechanism 22 release mechanism 24 buckle 26 guide The guide portion 28 maintains the teeth 30. The gripping teeth 3 2 maintain the teeth 34 to tighten the teeth-13-