TW201817694A - System and method for making and applying a non-portland cement-based material - Google Patents

Abstract

A system and method for applying a construction material is provided. The method may include mixing blast furnace slag material, geopolymer material, alkali-based powder, and sand at a batching and mixing device to generate a non-Portland cement-based material. The method may also include transporting the non-Portland cement-based material from the mixing device, through a conduit to a nozzle and combining the transported non-Portland cement-based material with liquid at the nozzle to generate a partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material. The method may further include pneumatically applying the partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material to a surface.

Description

System and method for making and applying non-Portland cement based materials

This invention relates to construction materials and, more particularly, to a method for making and applying a construction material.

Existing practices in the field of sewer refurbishment and concrete restoration and construction may involve the application of a shotcrete that can be pneumatically protruded toward a surface that needs to be repaired or constructed. This shotcrete contains materials found in alkaline concrete such as sand, Portland cement and liquids. In a particular construction site, the shotcrete can be in the form of a dry mix or a wet mix application. The term "dry mix" generally involves pneumatically transferring some or all of the material in a dry state through a hose to a nozzle where an operator can control the application of liquid to the dry mix prior to protrusion of the material. In contrast, the term "wet mix" generally involves transferring a previously mixed concrete containing one of the liquids through a hose prior to protrusion. Some companies have tried to change the material composition of the shotcrete to achieve certain advantages. Accordingly, some practices may involve the use of inorganic polymers. However, such materials typically suffer from corrosion due to the organic materials inherent in such products. For example, Milliken® manufactures a wide range of products under its GeoSprayTM and GeoSprayTM AMS lines. The AMS product can be applied as one of the GeoSprayTM products in advance and/or after treatment. GeoSpray is Portland cement based and contains only a small portion of inorganic polymer. This mixture is not acid resistant. AMS contains organics that resist the effects of acid on Portland cement-based concrete and the effects of micro-organisms associated with Portland cement-based materials.

In a first embodiment, a method for applying a construction material is provided. The method can include mixing a blast furnace slag material, an inorganic polymer material, a base powder, and sand in a batch processing and mixing apparatus to produce a non-Portland cement based material. The method may also include: transporting the non-Portland cement based material from the batch processing and mixing device to a nozzle through a conduit; and combining the transported non-Portland cement based material with the liquid at the nozzle to produce a portion Liquefied non-Portland cement based materials. The method can further comprise pneumatically applying the partially liquefied non-Portland cement based material to a surface. One or more of the following features may be included. In some embodiments, the inorganic polymeric material is at least one of volcanic rock powder or pumice. The base powder can comprise a decanoate. The mixing can be performed as a dry mix. Non-Portland cement based materials can be inorganic. Mixing can be performed in a mobile batch and hybrid vehicle. The non-Portland cement based material may comprise at least one of clay, gneiss, granite, rhyolite, andesite, peridotite, potash feldspar, albite, pumice or zeolite. Mixing can include mixing in a portable gun that is configured to receive non-Portland cement based materials from a batch processing and mixing device. The composition of the non-Portland cement based material may comprise a Blaine fineness value of from about 2500 cm ² /g to 5000 cm ² /g. In another embodiment, a system for applying a construction material is provided. The system can include a batch processing and mixing device configured to batch process and mix blast furnace slag material, inorganic polymer material, base powder, and sand to produce a non-Portland cement based material. The system can also include a conduit configured to deliver a non-Portland cement based material from a batch processing and mixing device. The system can further include a nozzle configured to receive the non-Portland cement based material and combine the transported non-Portland cement based material with a liquid to produce a portion of the liquefied non-Portland cement based material, wherein the nozzle Further configured to pneumatically apply a partially liquefied non-Portland cement based material to a surface. One or more of the following features may be included. In some embodiments, the inorganic polymeric material can be at least one of volcanic rock powder or pumice. The base powder can comprise a decanoate. The mixing can be performed as a dry mix. Non-Portland cement based materials can be inorganic. Mixing can be performed in a mobile batch and hybrid vehicle. The non-Portland cement based material may comprise at least one of clay, gneiss, granite, rhyolite, andesite, peridotite, potash feldspar, albite, pumice or zeolite. Mixing can include mixing in a portable gun that is configured to receive non-Portland cement based materials from a batch processing and mixing device. The composition of the non-Portland cement based material may comprise a Brian fineness value of from about 2500 cm ² /g to 5000 cm ² /g. In another embodiment, a non-Portland cement based construction material is provided. The non-Portland cement based construction material comprises blast furnace slag material, volcanic rock powder, base powder and sand. In some embodiments, the base powder can be a citrate. The details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and description. Other features and advantages will be apparent from the description, drawings and patent claims.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 14/705,534, filed on Jan. 6, 2015. The full text of the case is incorporated herein by reference. Embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems and methods for constructing materials having an alkali-activated binder (i.e., non-Portland cement based) and for making and applying the building materials. Although many examples contained herein are discussed in the context of concrete retrofitting, it should be noted that the construction materials described herein can be used in any suitable application. Some of these applications may include, but are not limited to, sewer renovation projects, any concrete structures that experience an acid attack, and the like. Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a mobile batch processing and hybrid vehicle 100, the mobile batch processing and hybrid vehicle 100 having a plurality of containers, compartments and devices associated therewith. In some embodiments, vehicle 100 can include a first container 102 that can be configured to store sand or other materials. The storage unit 104 can be configured to store water or other liquid. The vehicle 100 can further include a batch processing and mixing device 106, which can include a number of components, some of which can include, but are not limited to, a second container 108, an adjustable delivery mechanism 110, and a portable gun 212. As shown in FIG. 2, the portable gun 212 can be coupled to the nozzle 214 via a conduit or hose 216. In some embodiments, the mobile batch processing and hybrid vehicle 100 can be configured to batch process, mix, and apply a non-Portland cement based construction material. This material can be batch processed and mixed at the vehicle (e.g., within the batch processing and mixing device 106) prior to placement in the second container 108. This material can be delivered to a nozzle 214 where it can be mixed with the liquid in the storage unit 104 prior to application to the surface when construction or repair is required. The properties of non-Portland cement based construction materials are discussed in further detail below. In some embodiments, the non-Portland cement based building materials described herein may have better strength values, a higher resistance, and are unreactive with inorganic and organic acids and additionally have early high strength values compared to existing materials. Non-Portland cement based construction materials exhibit resistance to one of the high temperatures and significantly higher strength and durability properties. In one example, non-Portland cement based construction materials provide excellent resistance to strong mineral acids. In addition, products derived from non-Portland cement based construction materials can have excellent compressive strength and a very low thermal conductivity. The material may comprise a blast furnace slag material, an inorganic polymer material, a base powder, and a sand dry mix (e.g., a binder mixture) in a batch processing and mixing apparatus to produce a non-Portland cement based material. In some embodiments, the binder mixture can be used to produce the non-Portland cement based material. In some embodiments, a binder mixture may comprise from 4% to 45% by weight of volcanic rock, from 0% to 40% by weight of latent hydraulic material, selected from the group consisting of sodium citrate, alkali metal hydroxides One or more of 10% by weight to 45% by weight of the alkali component of the alkali metal carbonate and the like, and 20% by weight to 90% by weight of the pellet. In some embodiments, the binder mixture can comprise a sulfate (SO ₄ ^2- ) in a proportion of less than 1% by weight of the contaminant. In some embodiments, the binder mixture may contain calcium in a proportion of up to 5% by weight of the calcium oxide (CaO) form. In some embodiments, the non-Portland cement based building material can comprise various types of inorganic polymeric materials. The inorganic polymeric material can include, but is not limited to, volcanic rock. Thus, the terms "inorganic polymeric material" and "volcanic rock" may be used interchangeably within the scope of the present invention. One portion of such inorganic polymeric materials may include, but is not limited to, pozzolanic materials that can react with a strong base and cause the blend to be mixed with sand and/or grit. The volcanic ash or pozzolanic material may be a synthetic or natural rock composed of cerium oxide, clay, limestone, iron oxide, and an alkaline material that can be obtained by thermal effects. When combined with calcium hydroxide and water, they can form a binding agent. Natural pozzolana may be magmatic rocks, such as tuff or German rheology pumice, but may also be sedimentary rocks containing a high proportion of soluble tannic acid, and sometimes reactive alumina (clay). In some embodiments, the pozzolan may be a readily available raw material and may be used as a volcanic rock or inorganic polymeric material in a non-Portland cement based building material. However, natural materials such as volcanic rock or some other substance may also be used, and if a small portion is used as a very fine powder (for example, such a volcanic rock powder), it is more desirable to use such natural materials. In some embodiments, the non-Portland cement based construction material may comprise any number of pozzolanic materials, some of which may include, but are not limited to, finely ground clay, gneiss, granite, rhyolite, andesite, peridotite , potassium feldspar, albite, pumice, zeolite, etc. and mixtures thereof. These materials can be used in the form of one of calcined and/or non-calcined geotechnical. Additionally and/or alternatively, all raw materials (including, but not limited to, ash, pozzolan, slag) containing sufficient reactivity (eg, metastable glass) of SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ may also be suitable for use. Embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments, the non-Portland cement based construction material can comprise a latent hydraulic material. One of the potentially hydraulic materials used herein may include, but is not limited to, fly ash, kaolin, pumice tuff, particulate slag (eg, blast furnace slag material), and/or mixtures thereof. In one example, fly ash in the form of lignite fly ash and anthracite fly ash can be used. In some embodiments, the pozzolanic material may comprise an active citrate, such as slag sand or fly ash. In some embodiments, brick ash (refractory clay) or fly ash from plants burning anthracite or lignite may be referred to as synthetic ash. Thus, the term "flying ash" as used herein may refer to a non-natural or synthetic volcanic ash. In some embodiments, certain advantageous properties of fly ash may be caused by a favorable ratio of cerium oxide to one of alumina and calcium oxide, which may distinguish such materials. However, and as will be discussed in more detail below, the fly ash may contain a portion of the sulfate and/or calcium oxide. Therefore, if fly ash is used in the binder mixture, one type of fly ash containing a specified substance having a favorable ratio can be used. In some embodiments, the non-Portland cement based building material can comprise a one base powder material and/or various mixed liquids. Some possible mixed liquids may include, but are not limited to, potassium and soda water glasses, alkali metal hydroxides, and the like. In some embodiments, the base or alkaline component can be in the form of an aqueous solution of sodium citrate or a sodium citrate in the form of a powdered sodium citrate. In some embodiments, a spray dried citrate can be used. When an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal carbonate is used, these materials may be used in their liquid form or in a powder or granule form. In some embodiments, the reaction between the SiO ₂ /Al ₂ O ₃ containing component and the alkaline mixed liquid can result in a yttrium aluminate having a three dimensional structure. These frameworks allow the creation of one of the Portland cement-free construction materials in their compounds. As discussed above, the components of the binder mixture and/or binder mixture can comprise calcium. In some embodiments, the binder mixture can contain calcium in the form of partial calcium oxide (CaO). Such CaO moieties in the binder mixture and/or non-Portland cement based building material may result in hydration of calcium citrate after reaction with an aqueous base and/or component, which may have known adverse chemical properties. In addition, calcium ions, which are a component of the cement-based crystalline structure, generally exhibit an undesirable solubility which can result in weakening of one of the cement structures over time. For this reason a minimum possible proportion of calcium can be used. Embodiments of the invention utilizing soluble citric acid in the form of SiO ₂ , iron oxide, aluminate in the form of Al ₂ O ₃ and calcium oxide can be carried out with a water-soluble decanoate or a strong base, thus resulting in less calcium Or almost no calcium one of the inorganic binding systems. In some embodiments, the binder mixture may contain calcium oxide (CaO) form and have a ratio of up to 5% by weight calcium. In some embodiments, the binder mixture may contain calcium in the form of calcium and have a ratio of up to 2% by weight of calcium. Additionally and/or alternatively, calcium may be included in the form of calcium oxide and having a ratio of up to 1% by weight. In some embodiments, the binder mixture may contain a form of contaminants and/or a sulfate (SO ₄ ^-2 ) in a proportion of less than 1% by weight. Sulfate in the form of its salt is an environmentally relevant substance. Contaminants with an increased environment of sulphate are caused by agricultural fertilization and waste management. Sulfate has been shown to cause acidification of land and groundwater. Since sulfate is generally more soluble in water, it is easily transported in groundwater, seepage and surface water streams, ultimately increasing the acidification effect in the environment of the sulfate-containing material in the waste storage facility. The decomposition of sulphate into sulfite by a microbial procedure can have a negative effect on plants and animals. In some embodiments, the proportion of sulfate in the binder mixture can be reduced as much as possible to at least avoid such negative effects. In some embodiments, the binder mixture may contain contaminants and/or sulfates (SO ₄ ^-2 ) in a proportion of less than 0.5% by weight. In one embodiment, a sulfate (SO ₄ ^-2 ) having a ratio of less than 0.25 wt% may be included. In some embodiments, the non-Portland cement based building material can comprise sand. However, other pellets can also be used. For example, other pellets used as a non-cement based concrete in a binder mixture may include, but are not limited to, gravel, sand, basalt, and the like. Other materials for non-cement based concrete within the scope of the present invention may also be used. Alternatively and in various applications, a mixture of perlite, expanded rock, pumice or the like may also be used. In some embodiments, the binder mixture can comprise from 20% to 70% by weight of the pellets. Additionally and/or alternatively, from 20% to 50% by weight of the pellets may be included in the binder mixture. In one embodiment, from 20% to 40% by weight of the pellets may be included in the binder mixture. In some embodiments, the binder mixture can also contain water. Thus, in one embodiment, from 4% to 45% by weight of volcanic rock (eg, inorganic polymeric material), 0% to 40% by weight of potentially hydraulic material (eg, blast furnace slag material) a 10% to 45% by weight of an alkaline component (for example a base), 20% to 90% by weight of a pellet (for example sand) and/or water, one of which forms a binder mixture for various chemicals and especially Extremely high resistance to one of the acids. In some embodiments, the alkaline component can comprise sodium citrate, an alkali metal hydroxide, and/or an alkali metal carbonate. Additionally and/or alternatively, the binder mixture may comprise a sulfate form (SO ₄ ^2- ) in the form of a contaminant and/or in a proportion of less than 1% by weight. In some embodiments, the binder mixture can comprise calcium in a proportion of up to 5% by weight of the calcium oxide (CaO) form. In operation, the feedstock can be roughly processed batchwise and mixed (eg, wholly or partially in the vehicle 100) and then transferred to the portable gun 212. The non-Portland cement based building material can be carried through conduit 216 to nozzle 214 via compressed air. In a particular embodiment, potassium citrate, solids content 48%, density 1,52 g/cm3, Wt SiO2:K2O 1,14 and some liquids may be added and a portion of the liquefied mixture is pneumatically applied to the surface of interest. Rough mixing is previously performed within nozzle 214 for a short period of time (eg, less than 1 second). Embodiments included herein may comprise a mixture comprising some or all of the following: slag (eg, non-natural pozzolan, base or latent hydraulic material), fly ash (eg, non-natural pozzolans and options in formulations), inorganic Polymers (eg, natural pozzolans and options, ground volcanic materials/volcanic rocks), alkali/alkaline ingredients (eg, powder or liquid), other liquids containing water (optional) and sand/grit or other pellets. Examples of specific mixtures are provided below, however, it should be noted that the specific mixtures provided herein are included by way of example only. Several additional and alternative embodiments are also within the scope of the invention. In a particular example, the non-Portland cement based construction material can include the following mixtures: Table 1 In some embodiments, the ingredients of the mixture may comprise a Brian fineness value of from about 2500 cm ² /g to 5000 cm ² /g. The Brian value is used for one of the standard measurements of cement chalking. The Brian value is given as a specific surface value (cm ² /g) determined in a laboratory using a Bryan device. For example, standard Portland cement (CEM I 32.5) has a Brian value of 3,000 to 4,500. In some embodiments, the composition of the binder mixture, volcanic rock, and/or latent hydraulic material can be used in a finely ground state of one of the Brian values of greater than 3,000. In one embodiment, the volcanic rock and/or the latent hydraulic material may have a Brian value of greater than 3,500. Fine grinding of the ingredients can result in a significantly improved reaction rate. Finely ground volcanic rock can be more manageable and can further contribute to increased resistance to one of a variety of different chemicals in the finished product, especially to acids. In another example, the non-Portland cement based construction material can include the following mixtures: Table 2 In another example, the non-Portland cement based building material can include the following mixtures: Table 3 In some embodiments, from 4% to 45% by weight of volcanic rock, 0% by weight (or more than 0% by weight) to 40% by weight of latent hydraulic material may be used, compared to a hydraulic hardening binder, The reaction of 10% to 45% by weight of one of the alkaline components and 20% to 90% by weight of the pellets produces one of the non-Portland cement based building materials or the binder mixture. In some embodiments, the alkaline component can comprise sodium citrate, an alkali metal hydroxide, and/or an alkali metal carbonate. Additionally, the binder mixture may comprise a sulfate form (SO ₄ ^2- ) in the form of contaminants and/or in a proportion of less than 1% by weight. In some embodiments, the binder mixture may contain calcium in a proportion of up to 5% by weight of the calcium oxide (CaO) form. An example of a non-Portland cement based construction material produces an unexpected result because the reaction time of the alkaline material with the rock powder is sufficient to produce a viscous compound. Through several tests, it was found that the compound adhered extremely strongly to a vertical surface, establishing a tight bond and hardening within 3 days with a compressive strength value of about 50 N/mm ² (8000 psi). In some embodiments, a binder mixture or a non-Portland cement based construction material can be used in various technical fields of application: dry mortar, gypsum, and shotcrete can produce dry mortar and gypsum mixtures by mixing dry ingredients. For this purpose, spray-dried reactive phthalates or alkali metal hydroxides can be used. Based on this, the finished mixture can be produced as shotcrete for its use. Foamed concrete Commercial foamed concrete is one of the original density of 300 kg/m ³ to 800 kg/m ³ based on mineral-based autoclaved foamed bulk construction materials. Foamed concrete is usually produced from raw materials such as lime, anhydrite, cement, water and strontium and can combine the properties and thermal insulation of the support structure. The highly insulated masonry construction can result in a foamed concrete having an integral single wall construction. In some embodiments, a production procedure can include grinding a slaked sand until it is ground in, for example, a gravel mill having a Brian value greater than 3,000. The feedstocks can be combined to form a mortar mixture of, for example, one of a ratio of 1:1:4 while adding water. In some embodiments, a small portion of aluminum powder or paste can be added to the finished slurry. The mortar mixture can be poured into a water tank in which metal particulate aluminum forms hydrogen in the alkaline mortar slurry. Bubbles which foam the gradually hardened mortar can be obtained. The final volume is obtained after 15 to 50 minutes. At this time, a block of three meters to eight meters long, one meter to 1.5 meters wide, and 50 cm to 80 cm high can be obtained. These solid blocks or blocks can be cut to any desired size using metal wires. In some embodiments, the blocks may be in a special steam pressure boiler (eg, autoclave) at a steam temperature of 180 ° C to 200 ° C in which the material may contain its final characteristics after 6 to 12 hours. It is cured in the atmosphere of 10 to 12 bar. From a chemical point of view, foamed concrete can mostly correspond to natural mineral slaked calcite, but it can be a synthetic material. In addition to low thermal conductivity, the construction material can be distinguished by its lack of flammability such that it can be classified, for example, in the European Fire Protection Classification A1. Modern foamed concrete components can contain a mixture of quicklime, cement, sand, and water. Depending on the drying density and the ratio of quicklime to cement, this component distinguishes between lime-rich and cement-rich mixtures. Alternatively, a sulfate carrier in the form of anhydrite or gypsum can be used to improve the compressive strength and shrinkage properties due to the improved growth of the crystalline "card house" structure in the ferrets. As a result of these findings, it has been demonstrated in the past few decades that the addition of a sulfate carrier in the form of anhydrite/gypsum is advantageous in production and is therefore a component of all currently foamed concrete compositions. The build material can be obtained by adding a small amount of aluminum powder during the mixing process to obtain a pore structure. The aluminum subdivided in the mixture can be reacted in an alkaline medium to form hydrogen which allows the raw material mixture to slowly foam. This pore structure can be left in the product, even after the actual hydrothermal curing process, and is essentially responsible for the properties of the final product. In some embodiments, the production process can be broken down into one or more of the following actions: 1. Milling the ceramsite and preparing the recycled mud 2. Mixing and pouring into the foamed concrete slurry 3. Making the coarse mass or block Expanding, solidifying and cutting the rough mass or block 4. Curing the uncut block under hydrothermal conditions 5. Packing and storing the finished product After mixing the foamed concrete compound and pouring it into the steel mold, several Complex chemical reactions can occur between solidification and hydrothermal solidification. When water is added, the hydrogenation of the quicklime can be initiated during the mixing phase. Since this is an exothermic reaction, the foamed concrete compound can be heated and the hydration reaction of the cement phase can be accelerated. Therefore, one of the foamed concrete compounds can be continuously hardened during the expansion caused by the growth of hydrogen. In order to obtain a homogenous pore structure, the gas growth can be adjusted to the viscosity curve of the expanded foamed concrete compound. If this step is not achieved, structural damage such as expansion cracking can occur during expansion, which can be uncorrected during subsequent production procedures. After one of several hours of solidification, the uncut block can be cut into a suitable rock configuration by tensioning the wire. All waste generated during the cutting process can be cycled through the composition such that no waste is present during the production process. The issue of recycling capacity is critical in the future. On the one hand, European demand calls for reduced waste, which is accompanied by the closure of the landfill and the requirement for an increase in one of the more recycling. On the other hand, there is an increasing demand for environmental protection, such as minimum thresholds and draft guidelines for alternative building materials regulations in the framework of groundwater/alternative building materials/soil protection, which is at least in some cases. Making building materials available on the recycling market more difficult. The leaching rule for sulfate can be generated from the sulfate concentration in the eluate between 900 mg/l and 1650 mg/l. According to alternative building material regulations, the threshold for mineral-based alternative building materials used in eluates is 250 mg/l sulphate. Omission of the sulfate carrier and cement in the production of foamed concrete can completely reduce the above-mentioned sulfate concentration in the eluate and can be used as a substitute building material based on minerals. In some embodiments, the use of a non-cement based binder according to the present invention eliminates this disadvantage and, in addition, can have a very low calcium content. Typical technical properties may not be affected in other respects. Concrete A concrete component or concrete component consists of concrete, reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete, which is pre-industrialized in a factory and then (usually) placed in a final position using a crane. It is widely used and implements concrete components and reinforced concrete elements in various building technologies. The production of tantalum elements for open channel systems can be used in some embodiments of the invention. Fire protection Gypsum finished products (reactions of building materials and building elements with fire) for concrete elements and reinforced concrete elements are listed in DIN 4102. Gypsum-based vermiculite and perlite-insulated gypsum technically suitable for fire protection and gypsum according to DIN 18550, Part 2. In some embodiments, a spray mixture can be supplied as a dry mortar, one of mineral fibers, such as glass wool, rock wool or mineral wool, having a hydraulic hardening binder and mixed with water shortly before application. The technical characteristics of fire protection can be the same as those of jetted asbestos. The use of a non-cement based binder in the finished gypsum further improves the fire resistance because a non-cement based binder can have a more favorable expansion behavior and can exhibit lower shrinkage at elevated temperatures. In some embodiments of the invention, conventional mixers are not useful for producing a binder mixture. In some embodiments, a so-called clay mixer or continuous mixer is used to produce a premix and then a reinforcing mixer or planetary mixer for mixing in the pellets can result in compression or encapsulation in the mold. And an inorganic material of one of the desired products can be produced after mechanical compression. Table 4, provided below, shows which mixing and application techniques according to embodiments of the present invention can result in which fields of application for the binder mixture. Table 4 In some embodiments of the invention, a method for producing a moldable concrete compound is provided. The method may comprise one or more of the following: The method may comprise supplying from 4% to 45% by weight of volcanic rock, from 0% to 40% by weight of the latent hydraulic material, from 10% to 45% by weight A binder mixture of one or more of the alkaline components. In one example, the basic component or base can be selected from the group and/or can comprise: sodium citrate, an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal carbonate, and the like. In some embodiments, the binder mixture may contain a sulfate (SO ₄ ^2- ) in the form of a contaminant in the binder mixture and having a ratio of less than 1% by weight. Additionally, the binder mixture may contain calcium in a proportion of up to 5% by weight of the calcium oxide (CaO) form. The method may also comprise producing a premix of one of the binder mixtures using a clay mixer or a continuous mixer. In some embodiments, the method can further comprise mixing the pre-mix with 20% to 90% by weight of the pellets using a strong mixer or planetary mixer to produce a moldable concrete compound. In some embodiments, this can be performed in one of 1 minute to 5 minutes. In one embodiment, this can be performed in one of about 2 minutes. The method may also include compressing the moldable concrete compound by compression or vibration to form a pipe, concrete element, iron pillow, concrete block, paving stone, sidewalk board, and the like. In some embodiments of the invention, a method for producing a moldable concrete compound is provided. The method can include one or more of the embodiments shown below. In some embodiments, the method can include supplying a volcanic rock comprising from 4% to 45% by weight, from 0% to 40% by weight of the latent hydraulic material, from 10% to 45% by weight of one of the alkaline ingredients or One of the many binder mixtures. In some embodiments, the alkaline component can be selected from the group and/or can comprise: sodium citrate, an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal carbonate, and the like. In one example, the binder mixture can comprise from 20% to 90% by weight of the pellets. In some embodiments, the binder mixture may contain a sulfate (SO ₄ ^2- ) in the form of a contaminant and having a ratio of less than 1% by weight. Additionally, the binder mixture may contain calcium in a proportion of up to 5% by weight of the calcium oxide (CaO) form. The method can also include producing a dry mixture using a dry mixer. The method can further comprise mixing a dry mixture with water using a strong mixer or a planetary mixer to produce a moldable concrete compound. In some embodiments of the invention, a method for producing a sprayable concrete compound is provided. The method can include one or more of the embodiments shown below. In some embodiments, the method can include supplying a volcanic rock comprising from 4% to 45% by weight, from 0% to 40% by weight of the latent hydraulic material, from 10% to 45% by weight of one of the alkaline ingredients or One of the many binder mixtures. In some embodiments, the alkaline component can be selected from the group and/or can comprise: sodium citrate, an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal carbonate, and the like. In some embodiments, the binder mixture can comprise from 20% to 90% by weight of the pellets. In some embodiments, the binder mixture may contain a sulfate (SO ₄ ^2- ) in the form of a contaminant and having a ratio of less than 1% by weight. Additionally, the binder mixture may contain calcium in a proportion of up to 5% by weight of the calcium oxide (CaO) form. The method can also include producing a dry mixture using a dry mixer. In some embodiments, the method can further comprise mixing the dry mixture with water in a spray gun for producing and immediately applying a sprayable concrete compound. In some embodiments, the binder mixture can be prepared for different fields of application, including, for example, those listed in Table 4 above. Examples 1 through 5 provided below may illustrate one or more embodiments of the invention. Example 1 In a mixing and kneading machine having one of the extrusion screws, 1 part of finely ground volcanic rock (for example, Brian value 3500), 0.15 parts of fly ash, and 0.8 part of sodium citrate can be combined and vigorously mixed until a homogenous mass is obtained. Pour the plaster. This gypsum can be mixed with 4 parts of basalt and sand in an intensive mixer (or planetary mixer) for about 2 minutes. In this way, it is possible to obtain a moist, cement-free concrete suitable for use in the application of concrete as a concrete when producing concrete blocks. The mixture may have a sulfate content of 0.16% by weight and a calcium oxide content of 0.8% by weight. Compression of this mixture can be achieved, for example, by compression and vibration practiced in a block forming machine. The resulting product can be distinguished by significantly higher acid resistance, more favorable mechanical strength properties, and a significantly stronger color print. When other pellet mixtures (such as gravel and sand) are used, concrete pipes or special concrete elements can also be produced, depending on a particular particle size distribution curve. Other product changes can also be made by controlling the moisture content and adapting the application technique (eg, pouring, centrifuging, etc.). Example 2 In an intensive mixer, 0.2 parts of granular slag, 1 part of finely ground volcanic rock and 3 parts of sand were mixed. This dry mixture can be placed in a bag. In a construction site, one part of the mixture produced in this manner can be mixed with 0.7 parts of sodium citrate in a pavement mixture and brought to the desired consistency. The mixture may have a sulfate content of up to 0.19% by weight and a calcium oxide content of 0.57% by weight. The non-cement-based blocks and plasters obtained in this manner can be applied to one surface to be coated in different ways (e.g., by conventional plastering, spraying, etc.). Example 3 A dry blend of one volcanic ash (e.g., a Brian value greater than 3,500), 0.4 parts fly ash, 1 part perlite, and 0.7 part powdered sodium citrate can be produced in a dry mixer. The dry mixture can be compressed by wetting it with water and wetting it with water and pouring it into the mold. The wet mixture may have a sulfate content of up to 0.32% by weight and a calcium oxide content of 1.8% by weight. In one practice based on the above examples, the sample was obtained after a hardened phase (after being incinerated for an extended period of time) and showed no cracks or visible cracks and did not exhibit attenuated mechanical strength properties after testing. There is also no significant damage after being subjected to freezing temperatures. Example 4 In a dry mixer, a dry mixture of one part of pozzolan (e.g., a Brian value greater than 3,500), 0.4 parts of granulated slag, one part of perlite, and 0.7 part of sodium citrate was produced. The dry mixture can be continuously applied to a spray gun and combined with water to produce a sprayable concrete. Jet technology can be used to seal pipes or cables through walls, heat-sensitive building materials and surfaces without difficulty to seal or coat non-cement-based compounds with heat resistance and fire resistance. The sprayable concrete may have a sulfate content of up to 0.31% by weight and a calcium oxide content of 1.29% by weight. Example 5 To produce a foamed concrete, 16.2 parts of volcanic rock, 3.35 parts of fly ash, and 23 parts of strontium sand were pre-mixed in a commercial mixer. This dry mixture can be increased to 33 parts of sodium citrate at a strong shear force of 38 ° C and can be further mixed with 0.43 parts of aluminum paste in the same mixer. The binder mixture can be poured into a Teflon mold and heated in the mold for 120 minutes to 80 ° C. The mixture can be hard and at the same time dramatically increase the volume but still cut. For curing, the mold can be placed in a curing chamber and can be held therein for 30 minutes at 180 ° C. Alternatively, an autoclave can be used at 120 ° C. A molded body having one of optical properties comparable to one of the foamed concrete obtained according to a typical method can be obtained. Unlike typical foamed concrete, the material may be acid resistant and have a sulfate content of 0.21% by weight and a calcium oxide content of 0.6% by weight. In one embodiment, the resulting construction material can have a very low sulfate and calcium content. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural. It will be further understood that the term "comprises" and / or "comprising", when used in this specification, is intended to mean the presence of the recited features, integers, steps, operations, components and/or components, but does not exclude the occurrence or addition of one or more Other features, integers, steps, operations, components, components, and/or groups thereof. The structure, materials, acts, and equivalents of all of the means or steps of the present invention are intended to include any structure, material or action for performing the function in combination with other elements specifically mentioned. The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. A person skilled in the art will recognize many modifications and variations without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the invention and the embodiments of the invention Since the invention of the present application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

100‧‧‧Action batch processing and hybrid vehicles

102‧‧‧First container

104‧‧‧ storage unit

106‧‧‧ batch processing and mixing device

108‧‧‧Second container

110‧‧‧Adjustable transmission mechanism

212‧‧‧Can carry a gun

214‧‧‧ nozzle

216‧‧‧catheter or hose

1 is a side elevational view of one of the mobile systems configured to batch process, mix and apply a non-cement based material in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. A side view rear view of one of the non-cement based materials operating systems in batch processing, mixing and application; and FIG. 3 depicts a flow chart of operation in accordance with a non-cement based application procedure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. . The same reference symbols in the various drawings may indicate the same elements.

Claims (32)

A method for applying a construction material, comprising: mixing a blast furnace slag material, an inorganic polymer material, an alkali and sand in a batch processing and mixing device to produce a non-Portland cement based material; The Portland cement-based material is conveyed from the batch processing and mixing device through a conduit to a nozzle; the transported non-Portland cement-based material is combined with the liquid at the nozzle to produce a portion of the liquefied non-Portland cement base Material; and the partially liquefied non-Portland cement based material is pneumatically applied to a surface. The method of claim 1, wherein the non-Portland cement based material comprises from 4% to 45% by weight of the inorganic polymeric material. The method of claim 2, wherein the non-Portland cement based material comprises greater than 0% to 40% by weight of the blast furnace slag material. The method of claim 3, wherein the non-Portland cement based material comprises from 10% to 45% by weight of a base. The method of claim 4, wherein the non-Portland cement based material comprises from 20% to 90% by weight sand. The method of claim 5, wherein the non-Portland cement based material comprises less than 1% by weight of sulfate. The method of claim 6, wherein the non-Portland cement based material comprises up to 5% by weight of calcium oxide. The method of claim 1, wherein the blast furnace slag comprises one or more of fly ash, kaolin, pumice tuff, and granular slag. The method of claim 1, wherein the base comprises one or more of sodium citrate, an alkali metal hydroxide, and an alkali metal carbonate. A system for applying a construction material, the system comprising: a batch processing and mixing device configured to mix a blast furnace slag material, an inorganic polymer material, a base powder, and sand to produce a non-Portland a cement-based material comprising one or more of the following: 4% to 45% by weight of an inorganic polymer material; more than 0% to 40% by weight of a blast furnace slag material; 10% to 45% 8% by weight to 90% by weight of sand; less than 1% by weight of sulphate; and up to 5% by weight of calcium oxide; a conduit configured to deliver the non-particulation from the batch processing and mixing device a Portland cement based material; and a nozzle configured to receive the non-Portland cement based material and combine the transported non-Portland cement based material with a liquid to produce a portion of the liquefied non-Portland cement based A material, wherein the nozzle is further configured to pneumatically apply the partially liquefied non-Portland cement based material to a surface. The system of claim 10, wherein the blast furnace slag comprises one or more of fly ash, kaolin, pumice tuff, and granular slag. The system of claim 10, wherein the base comprises one or more of sodium citrate, an alkali metal hydroxide, and an alkali metal carbonate. A binder mixture comprising: 4% to 45% by weight of volcanic rock; greater than 0% to 40% by weight of latent hydraulic material; 10% to 45% by weight of one alkaline component; 20% to 90% % by weight of granules; less than 1% by weight of sulphate; and up to 5% by weight of calcium. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the alkaline component comprises one or more of sodium citrate, an alkali metal hydroxide, and an alkali metal carbonate. The binder mixture of claim 14, wherein the alkaline component is sodium citrate. The combination of claim 5, wherein the sodium citrate is one of aqueous sodium citrate, one powder of sodium citrate, and one spray dried citrate. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the sulfate mixture is in the form of a sulfate-based contaminant. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the sulfate in the binder mixture is less than 0.5% by weight. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the calcium-based calcium oxide is in the binder mixture. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the calcium in the binder mixture is at most 2% by weight. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the volcanic rock is volcanic ash. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the latent hydraulic material comprises one or more of lignite fly ash, anthracite fly ash, kaolin, and pumice tuff. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the pellet comprises one or more of gravel, sand, basalt, perlite, and expanded rock. The combination of claimants of claim 13, wherein the volcanic rock and/or the latent hydraulic material has a Brian value greater than 3,000. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the pellets in the binder mixture are from 20% to 70% by weight. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the pellets in the binder mixture are from 20% to 50% by weight. The binder mixture of claim 13, wherein the pellets in the binder mixture are from 20% to 40% by weight. The binder mixture of claim 13, which further comprises water. A method for producing a sprayable concrete compound, comprising: mixing 4% to 45% by weight of volcanic rock, more than 0% to 40% by weight of latent hydraulic material, 10% to 45% using a dry mixer One or more of a weight percent alkaline component and from 20% to 90 weight percent of the pellets to produce a dry binder mixture; the dry binder mixture is combined with water at a nozzle to produce a sprayable concrete compound . The method of claim 29, wherein the dry binder mixture comprises less than 1% by weight of sulfate. The method of claim 29, wherein the dry binder mixture comprises less than 5% by weight calcium. A method for producing a moldable concrete compound, comprising: mixing 4% to 45% by weight of volcanic rock, more than 0% to 40% by weight of latent hydraulic material, and 10% by weight to a dry mixer 45% by weight of the alkaline component and 20% to 90% by weight of the pellets to produce a dry binder mixture; the dry binder mixture is combined with water using a planetary mixer to produce a Molded concrete compound.