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TW201446503A - 透氣防水複合布 - Google Patents

透氣防水複合布 Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201446503A
TW201446503A TW102120734A TW102120734A TW201446503A TW 201446503 A TW201446503 A TW 201446503A TW 102120734 A TW102120734 A TW 102120734A TW 102120734 A TW102120734 A TW 102120734A TW 201446503 A TW201446503 A TW 201446503A
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
plastic film
composite fabric
waterproof composite
breathable waterproof
fabric according
Prior art date
Application number
TW102120734A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TWI523757B (zh
Inventor
zhen-zheng Huang
Bo-Hao Huang
Bo-Han Huang
Original Assignee
zhen-zheng Huang
Bo-Hao Huang
Bo-Han Huang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by zhen-zheng Huang, Bo-Hao Huang, Bo-Han Huang filed Critical zhen-zheng Huang
Priority to TW102120734A priority Critical patent/TWI523757B/zh
Priority to US14/294,613 priority patent/US9713914B2/en
Publication of TW201446503A publication Critical patent/TW201446503A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI523757B publication Critical patent/TWI523757B/zh
Priority to US15/437,739 priority patent/US10391736B2/en

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Classifications

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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674—Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • Y10T442/679—Natural or synthetic rubber sheet or film

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一種透氣防水複合布，包含一布片，包括二相反的第一表面及第二表面，該布片界定出多個延伸穿過該第一表面及該第二表面的微孔；一黏著層；及一非多孔性且防水的第一塑膠膜，透過該黏著層與該布片的第一表面黏合，並形成多個分別地延伸入該等微孔的中空凸緣。該第一塑膠膜包括一內表面及一外表面。該內表面與該布片的第一表面接觸。每一中空凸緣界定出一通道，該通道延伸穿過該內表面及該外表面，以使該第一塑膠膜具有透氣性。

Description

透氣防水複合布
本發明是有關於一種透氣防水(breathable and waterproof)複合布，特別是指一種包含一布片及具有延伸入該布片中的微孔之中空凸緣(hollow protrusions)的塑膠膜的透氣防水複合布。
參閱圖1，習知用於外出服的Gore-tex®透氣防水布包含一外罩11、一內襯裡12及一夾置於二保護層14之間且透氣防水的類海綿多孔性膜13。該類海綿多孔性膜13是由一聚合物[例如Teflon®、聚二氟乙烯(PVDF)或聚氨酯(PU)]所製得，並藉由美國專利第3953566號及第4187390號所揭示的方法形成孔洞。為了容許水氣蒸散(transpiration)並阻止水通過，該等形成在該類海綿多孔性膜13中的孔洞的孔徑層級為小於1 μm。該類海綿多孔性膜13的厚度範圍為50 μm至數百μm。
參閱圖2，美國專利公開第2004/0256310號揭示一種高透氣防水布的製法，該高透氣防水布包含多層的布片21、一形成在該布片21上的透氣防水類海綿多孔性膜22(商品名為NanoTexTM)及一形成在類海綿多孔性膜22上 的親水層23。該製法涉及以下步驟：在一溶劑中提供一PVDF溶液，將該溶液塗覆在該布片21上以形成一薄膜，並將一液體材料與將薄膜接觸，以濾除該PVDF溶液中的溶劑並使得該溶液凝膠化(gelation)以在該布片21上形成該類海綿多孔性膜22。該類海綿多孔性膜22的孔徑範圍為100 nm至10 μm，較佳為100 nm至1000 nm以得到良好的防水性及透氣性。在其中一實施例中，為了在60 mph的雨滴速度下具有防水效果，該類海綿多孔性膜22的最大孔徑約為0.15 μm。此外，該類海綿多孔性膜22的透氣度(breathability)範圍為4000 g/m2/天至10000 g/m2/天。值得注意的是：美國專利公開第2004/0256310號中的圖4顯示該類海綿多孔性膜22(NanoTexTM)與該類海綿多孔性膜13(Gore-tex®)的結構比較，該二類海綿多孔性膜13,22的結構皆顯示出不規則且隨機分布的孔洞。
此外，上述二類海綿多孔性膜13,22的製造成本皆相當高。
因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種可以克服上述習知缺點的透氣防水複合布。
於是本發明透氣防水複合布，包含一布片，包括二相反的第一表面及第二表面，該布片界定出多個延伸穿過該第一表面及該第二表面的微孔；一黏著層；及一非多孔性且防水的第一塑膠膜，透過該黏著層與該布片的第一表面黏合，並形成多個分別地延伸入該等微孔的中空凸 緣。該第一塑膠膜包括一內表面及一外表面。該內表面與該布片的第一表面接觸。每一中空凸緣界定出一通道，該通道延伸穿過該內表面及該外表面，以使該第一塑膠膜具有透氣性。
11‧‧‧外罩
12‧‧‧內襯裡
13‧‧‧類海綿多孔性膜
14‧‧‧保護層
21‧‧‧布片
22‧‧‧類海綿多孔性膜
23‧‧‧親水層
3‧‧‧布片
31‧‧‧第一表面
32‧‧‧第二表面
33‧‧‧微孔
34‧‧‧經紗
35‧‧‧緯紗
4‧‧‧黏著層
5‧‧‧第一塑膠膜
50‧‧‧中空凸緣
501‧‧‧第一通道
51‧‧‧內表面
52‧‧‧外表面
6‧‧‧第二塑膠膜
60‧‧‧中空凸部
601‧‧‧第二通道
61‧‧‧內表面
62‧‧‧外表面
本發明之其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中：圖1是一立體分解圖，說明一習知的透氣防水布；圖2是一示意圖，說明另一習知的透氣防水布；圖3是一立體分解圖，說明本發明透氣防水複合布的第一較佳實施例；圖4是一剖視圖，說明該第一較佳實施例；圖5是一流程圖，說明該第一較佳實施例的製法；及圖6是一剖視圖，說明本發明透氣防水複合布的第二較佳實施例。
在本發明被詳細描述之前，應當注意在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。
本發明將就以下實施例來作進一步說明，但應瞭解的是，該實施例僅為例示說明之用，而不應被解釋為本發明實施之限制。
參閱圖3與圖4，本發明透氣防水複合布(composite fabric)之第一較佳實施例包含一布片(fabric)3，包括二相反的第一表面31及第二表面32，該布片3界定 出多個延伸穿過該第一表面31及該第二表面32的微孔(micropores)33；一黏著層4；及一非多孔性且防水的第一塑膠膜5，透過該黏著層4與該布片3的第一表面31黏合，並形成多個分別地延伸入該等微孔33的中空凸緣(hollow protrusions)50。該第一塑膠膜5包括一內表面51及一外表面52。該內表面51與該布片3的第一表面31接觸且相符合(conforming to each other)。在本較佳實施例中，該第一塑膠膜5的內表面51是與該布片3的第一表面31相符地熱熔黏合(melt-bonded)，以形成一對應該布片3的第一表面31之布紋的壓紋紋理(embossed texture)。每一中空凸緣50界定出一第一通道501，該第一通道501延伸穿過該內表面51及該外表面52，以容許水氣通過並阻止水滴通過，藉此使該第一塑膠膜5具有透氣性。
該布片3可為一織布或一不織布。在本較佳實施例中，該布片3包括多個經紗34及多個與該等經紗34交織(interlace)的緯紗35，以界定出其中的該等微孔33。可替代地，該等經紗34及該等緯紗35是編織(knit)在一起以界定出其中的該等微孔33。
在另一較佳實施例中，該布片3具有多層的結構。
該黏著層4較佳是由點狀或線狀的黏著材料所形成，以避免影響該等第一通道501的透氣效果。該黏著層4的黏著材料可以是來自已知的商業取得的來源(commercially available sources)。
該第一通道501呈一漏斗形，且沿一從該第一塑膠膜5朝向該布片3的方向孔徑漸縮地延伸，其最小直徑範圍為小於10 μm且大於0.2 μm，更佳地，其最小直徑範圍為小於5 μm且大於0.5 μm，以得到良好的防水性及透氣性。
較佳地，該等微孔33的直徑範圍為20 μm至200 μm，且該第一塑膠膜5的厚度範圍為10 μm至70 μm。
每一微孔33是由一孔定義壁(pore-defining wall)所界定，每一中空凸緣是熱熔黏合於該各自的微孔33的孔定義壁。
該第一塑膠膜5較佳是由一熱塑性材料所製成，該熱塑性材料是選自於聚烯烴、聚酯或熱塑性彈性體，更佳地，該第一塑膠膜5是由聚氨酯彈性體所製成。
參閱圖5，該第一較佳實施例可由包含以下步驟的方法製得：在該布片3上點上一黏著材料，以在該布片3上形成一黏著層4；透過該黏著層4黏合該第一塑膠膜5及該布片3；將該第一塑膠膜5及該布片3一併疊置於一網狀模具(圖未示)；加熱並軟化該布片3上的第一塑膠膜5；利用一抽氣裝置(圖未示)透過真空打孔技術抽吸該軟化的第一塑膠膜5，以在該第一塑膠膜5上形成該等中空凸緣50，並容許該第一塑膠膜5熱熔黏合於該布片3，藉此形成該複合布；以及使該複合布冷卻並脫離該網狀模具。本發明的方法有利於藉由調整該第一塑膠膜5的厚度及該布片3之微孔33的直徑輕易調整該第一塑膠膜5中第一通道501 的最小直徑(dm)。此外，該等中空凸緣50的長度可藉由調整該等微孔33的直徑而調整，且該等中空凸緣50的密度可藉由調整該網狀模具的網孔數目而調整。基本上，在該等中空凸緣50的最小直徑不變的狀況下，該等中空凸緣50的密度越高，該第一塑膠膜5的透氣性就越高。另外，在其他實施例中，亦可以使一部份該等第一通道501是盲孔(亦即未穿過該內表面51)，藉此可調整該複合布的防水性。
參閱圖6，本發明透氣防水複合布之第二較佳實 施例與前一較佳實施例不同之處在於該複合布還包含一非多孔性且防水的第二塑膠膜6。在本較佳實施例中，該第二塑膠膜6是黏合於該第一塑膠膜5的外表面52，且具有一內表面61及一外表面62，並形成多個分別地延伸入該等中空凸緣50中的第一通道501的中空凸部60。藉由疊置並加熱軟化該第一塑膠膜5及該第二塑膠膜6，使該第二塑膠膜6與該第一塑膠膜5熱熔黏合，接著透過真空打孔技術抽吸該軟化的第一塑膠膜5及該第二塑膠膜6。每一中空凸部60界定出一第二通道601，該第二通道601延伸穿過該內表面61及該外表面62，以容許水氣及空氣通過。相較前一較佳實施例而言，該第二通道601的最小直徑小於該第一通道501的最小直徑，藉此增強該複合布的防水性。
較佳地，該第二塑膠膜6是由一熱塑性材料所 製成，該熱塑性材料是選自於聚烯烴、聚酯或熱塑性彈性體。
較佳地，該第一塑膠膜5是由一疏水性彈性體 材料所製成，且該第二塑膠膜6是由一親水性彈性體材料所製成，以增強該複合布的蒸散。
綜上所述，本發明透氣防水複合布可藉由該多 孔性且防水的第一塑膠膜5與該第二塑膠膜6阻止水滴通過，並可藉由該第一塑膠膜5的第一通道501及該第二塑膠膜6的第二通道601維持良好的透氣性，故確實能達成本發明之目的。
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已 ，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。
3‧‧‧布片
31‧‧‧第一表面
32‧‧‧第二表面
33‧‧‧微孔
34‧‧‧經紗
35‧‧‧緯紗
4‧‧‧黏著層
5‧‧‧第一塑膠膜
50‧‧‧中空凸緣
501‧‧‧第一通道
51‧‧‧內表面
52‧‧‧外表面

Claims (14)

  1. 一種透氣防水複合布，包含：一布片，包括二相反的第一表面及第二表面，該布片界定出多個延伸穿過該第一表面及該第二表面的微孔；一黏著層；及一非多孔性且防水的第一塑膠膜，透過該黏著層與該布片的第一表面黏合，並形成多個分別地延伸入該等微孔的中空凸緣，該第一塑膠膜包括一內表面及一外表面，該內表面與該布片的第一表面接觸；其中，每一中空凸緣界定出一通道，該通道延伸穿過該內表面及該外表面，以使該第一塑膠膜具有透氣性。
  2. 如請求項1所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該通道呈一漏斗形，且沿一從該第一塑膠膜朝向該布片的方向孔徑漸縮地延伸。
  3. 如請求項2所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該通道的最小直徑範圍為小於10 μm且大於0.2 μm。
  4. 如請求項3所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該通道的最小直徑範圍為小於5 μm且大於0.5 μm。
  5. 如請求項2所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該微孔的直徑範圍為20 μm至200 μm。
  6. 如請求項1所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該第一塑膠膜的內表面是熱熔黏合於該布片的第一表面。
  7. 如請求項1所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該第一塑膠膜是由一熱塑性材料所製成，該熱塑性材料是選自於聚烯烴、聚酯或熱塑性彈性體。
  8. 如請求項7所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該第一塑膠膜是由聚氨酯彈性體所製成。
  9. 如請求項1所述的透氣防水複合布，還包含一第二塑膠膜，黏合於該第一塑膠膜的外表面，並形成多個分別地延伸入該等中空凸緣中的通道的中空凸部。
  10. 如請求項9所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該第二塑膠膜是由一熱塑性材料所製成，該熱塑性材料是選自於聚烯烴、聚酯或熱塑性彈性體。
  11. 如請求項10所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該第一塑膠膜是由一疏水性彈性體材料所製成，且該第二塑膠膜是由一親水性彈性體材料所製成。
  12. 如請求項1所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該第一塑膠膜的厚度範圍為10 μm至70 μm。
  13. 如請求項1所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該布片是一織布或一不織布。
  14. 如請求項1所述的透氣防水複合布，其中，該布片包括多個經紗及多個與該等經紗交織的緯紗，以界定出其中的該等微孔。
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TWI803327B (zh) * 2022-05-24 2023-05-21 黃振正 透氣薄層物的成形系統及其成形方法

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