201131056 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係一種涉及於固體廢物處理，以及鋪設地面的紅磚的 技術領域，尤指太陽能板廢棄物可以再利用而配合原有的黏土來 製成紅碑。 【先前技術】 按由全球面臨氣候變遷，造成暖化日益嚴重以 及能源逐漸耗竭等問題，各國積極投入發展替代能源 及綠色科技產業，其中運用太陽能來發電的綠色科 技，是許多國家積極推動的方向，由於太陽能電池是 將太陽能轉換成電能的裝置，需有陽光才能運作，太 陽能電池與蓄電池串聯，將有陽光時所產生的電能先 行儲存，以供無陽光時放電使用。使用中較沒有釋放 二氧化碳等破壞生態環境問題，因而被視為未來重要 新興能源。 一般而言，太陽能電池利用太陽光直接發電的 光電半導體薄片，該薄片在接受太陽光等光線照射， 即可輸出電壓及電流，而太陽能電池（又可稱晶片或 是硬晶’分成非晶碎、多晶、早晶）在設計所需要的 電流進行切割後焊接箔條導線，完成之後用箔條串聯 成一組，再和強化玻璃層層疊置，並且進行真空封裝 以製成稱太陽能板，而數個太陽能板組成方陣。 太陽能電池有分成薄膜太陽能電池，以及矽晶圓太陽能電 池，根據行政院環保署公佈資料顯示，2007年國内市場約含3， 201131056 998，295 kg/y之太陽能板（太陽能板是組裝太陽能板廠商所製造 之單晶矽、多晶矽及薄膜），太陽能板廢棄量約丨91，186 kg/y , 其中廢薄膜類太陽能電池約8，603kg/y，廢矽晶類太陽能電池約 171，111 kg/y。薄膜類廢棄太陽能電池的玻璃矽含量高達 (68. 35%)，因此如何處理這些廢棄物，也是一項重要問題，發明 人因此思考，如能將廢棄太陽能板廢玻璃資源化再利用，將可有 效解決太陽能板廢玻璃之問題。 【發明内容】 本發明者鑑於前述的問題，進而用心研究開發，因此 本發明主要目的係在提供一種太陽能板廢玻璃燒製成環保 紅磚之方法及產品，其主要是將廢棄太陽能板與黏土相互 混練而以燒結方式而製成紅磚，使紅磚兼具環保及經濟之 優點’更具有高抗磨性、低吸水率特點。 為了可達到前述的目的，本發明所運用的技術手段係 在於提供一種太陽能板廢玻璃燒製成環保紅碑之方法，其 係包含： 一種太陽能板廢玻璃燒製成環保紅磚之方法，其係包 含： 一種太陽能板廢玻璃燒製成環保紅磚之方法，其係包 含： 備料：備料太陽能板廢玻璃以及黏土，該太陽能板廢 玻璃是太陽能板製品製造時發生損毀及生命週期結束後所 產生之廢棄物，201131056 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a technical field of solid waste treatment and red brick laying on the ground, in particular, solar panel waste can be reused and matched with original clay. Become a red monument. [Previous technology] According to the global climate change, causing increasingly serious warming and gradual depletion of energy, countries are actively investing in the development of alternative energy and green technology industries. The use of solar energy to generate green technology is a positive direction for many countries. Since the solar cell is a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy, it needs sunlight to operate. The solar cell is connected in series with the battery, and the electric energy generated when there is sunlight is stored first for discharge when there is no sunlight. In use, it does not release carbon dioxide and other environmental damage problems, so it is regarded as an important emerging energy in the future. In general, a solar cell uses a photovoltaic semiconductor chip that directly generates electricity by sunlight. The thin film can output voltage and current when it is irradiated with sunlight, and the solar cell (also called a wafer or a hard crystal) is divided into amorphous chips. , polycrystalline, early crystal) after the current required for the design is cut, the foil strip wires are welded, and after completion, the foil strips are connected in series, and then laminated with the tempered glass layer, and vacuum-packed to form a solar panel. Several solar panels form a square matrix. The solar cells are divided into thin-film solar cells and silicon wafer solar cells. According to the data released by the Environmental Protection Agency of the Executive Yuan, the domestic market contains about 3, 201131056 998,295 kg/y solar panels in 2007 (the solar panels are assembled solar panels). The manufacturer's single crystal germanium, polycrystalline germanium and film), the solar panel waste amount is about 91,186 kg / y, of which waste film solar cells are about 8,603 kg / y, waste tantalum solar cells about 171, 111 kg /y. Thin film waste solar cells have a glass crucible content of up to (68. 35%), so how to deal with these wastes is also an important issue. The inventors therefore think that if waste solar panels waste glass can be recycled and reused, Effectively solve the problem of solar panel waste glass. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have made in mind research and development in view of the foregoing problems, and therefore the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and a product for burning solar glass waste glass into an environmentally-friendly red brick, which mainly uses waste solar panels and clay. They are mixed with each other and made into red bricks by sintering, which makes the red bricks have the advantages of environmental protection and economy. It has the characteristics of high wear resistance and low water absorption. In order to achieve the foregoing objects, the technical means used in the present invention is to provide a method for burning solar glass waste glass into an environmentally friendly red tablet, which comprises: a method for burning solar glass waste glass into an environmentally friendly red brick, The system comprises: a method for burning solar glass waste glass into environmentally-friendly red brick, comprising: preparing material: solar panel waste glass and clay, the solar panel waste glass is damaged when the solar panel product is manufactured and after the end of the life cycle Waste produced,
S 5 201131056 研磨成粉末：將太陽能板廢玻璃破碎並且研磨成太陽 月b板廢破璃粉末，研磨控制粒徑細度範圍是3〇〇丨〇〇〇 m2/kg; 黏土混合研磨粉末：以太陽能板廢玻璃粉末佔1〜50% 的比例’將黏土與太陽能板廢玻璃粉末充分混合均勻； 堅成型.5玄混合均勻的太陽能板廢玻璃粉末與黏 土，施以局壓而成型； 燒結：加壓成型的成型體送入送入高溫爐加熱以構成 燒、’°體’燒結燒結條件是加熱燒結溫度範圍在700-1000 r， 、.工磚成品：在完成燒結階段並自然冷卻之後即製成紅 碑。 因此依據本發明的技術手段，本發明可以獲得的功效 簡要說明如下所列： 1、 本發明以廢棄太陽能板，作為製作紅碑之原料， 未來將可有效減少每年所產生廢棄太陽能板玻璃，減少廢 棄物的產生，提升太陽能板廢玻璃再利用資材化本發明開 拓太陽能板廢玻的再利用途徑以及市場需求量，提高產品 單位價值，建立具市場性的再生原料應用技術。 2、 以太陽能板廢玻璃製成的粉末，與黏土混合，因 而紅碑的成份包含了太陽能板廢玻璃粉末以及黏土，取代 以往是純黏土的紅碑，因此本發明不僅藉由太陽能板廢玻 璃來加強紅磚抗壓強度可達到1381 kgf/cm2。 201131056 、本發明由於1381kgf/硬度外，亦可減少紅磚瓷土 的使用量’㈣目前市面較常見尺寸之紅磚做經濟分析， 在以太陽能板廢玻璃取代後之紅磚可節省30-50 %之成本。 4、 目前太陽能板廢玻璃為無害性廢棄物，其處理方 式大多數仍以掩埋為主，因此如何將太陽能板廢玻璃減 谷、心達到資源化在利用及創造有價之商品為目的，因 此進-步研發新賴技術以資源化时作為土木融合之 原料。 、 5、 本發明之紅磚，由於太陽能板廢玻璃含大量的S 5 201131056 Grinding into powder: the solar panel waste glass is broken and ground into solar moon b board waste glass powder, and the grinding control particle size fineness range is 3〇〇丨〇〇〇m2/kg; clay mixed grinding powder: Solar panel waste glass powder accounts for 1~50% of the ratio 'mix the clay and the solar panel waste glass powder evenly; solid shape. 5 Xuan mixed uniform solar panel waste glass powder and clay, applied by local pressure; sintering: The press-formed shaped body is sent to a high-temperature furnace for heating to form a sintered, '° body' sintering sintering condition in which the heating and sintering temperature ranges from 700 to 1000 r, and the finished brick product: after the sintering stage is completed and naturally cooled, Made into a red monument. Therefore, according to the technical means of the present invention, the brief descriptions of the functions that can be obtained by the present invention are as follows: 1. The waste solar panel of the present invention is used as a raw material for making a red tablet, and the future will effectively reduce the amount of discarded solar panel glass produced each year. The generation of waste, the promotion of solar panel waste glass recycling materials. The invention opens up the recycling path of solar panel waste glass and the market demand, improves the unit value of the product, and establishes a market-oriented application technology of recycled raw materials. 2. The powder made of solar panel waste glass is mixed with clay. Therefore, the composition of the red monument contains solar panel waste glass powder and clay, replacing the red monument which used to be pure clay. Therefore, the present invention not only uses solar panel waste glass. To strengthen the red brick compressive strength can reach 1381 kgf / cm2. 201131056, the invention can also reduce the use of red brick porcelain soil due to the 1381kgf/hardness. (4) Economic analysis of red bricks of common size in the market, saving 30-50% of red bricks replaced by solar panel waste glass The cost. 4. At present, solar panel waste glass is harmless waste, and most of its treatment methods are still buried. Therefore, how to reduce the solar panel waste glass and reduce the resources to use and create valuable products, so - Step-by-step research and development of the new Lai technology as a raw material for civil integration. 5, the red brick of the present invention, because the solar panel waste glass contains a large amount of
Si〇2，其具備的助熔效果可在遇高溫燒結時，形成黏滯流 而填補孔隙，因此組織緻密化提高，使本發明之紅碑吸水 率因為孔隙縮小而有效降低，因此符合土木建築用一級磚 的規範。 6、本發明的紅磚包含有太陽能板廢玻璃成份，透過研 磨、燒結的製程而使紅磚表面更為緻密，具有高抗磨性， 因此磨耗量低，抗磨性高。 【實施方式】 本發明係一種太陽能板廢玻璃燒製成環保紅磚之方 法及產品’請配合參看第一圖，其係為製法流程圖’顯示 製法流程依序是： 備料（10):準備紅磚的原料是太陽能板廢玻璃以及黏 土。本發明所指太陽能板廢玻璃是指太陽能板製品製造時 發生損毀及生命週期結束後所產生之廢棄物，從附件一、 201131056 二來說明本發明使用原料的特性，其中附件一的表〗為環 保紅碑原料之物理特性，由圖表可得知黏土之pH值為 6. 97，細度為839. 6 mVkg，比重為2 〇1 kg/m3 ;太陽能板 廢玻璃之pH值為10.64,細度為300 mVkg，比重為2.4〇 kg/in3。而附件一的表2是本發明運用為紅磚原料之XRF化 學組成分析結果，結果顯示黏土及太陽能板廢玻璃均以 SiCh為主，所以太陽能板廢玻璃可與黏土相容，而環保紅 磚原料之重金屬總量及TCLP試驗結果如附件一的表2所 示，由表2得知紅碑原料中之211含量最高，含量高達375 mg/kg左右，Ni與Pb含量次之，分別為73. 8〇呵/心與 59. 52 mg/kg。縱使在原料中添加本發明的太陽能板廢玻 璃，也不會造成重金屬含量超過法定值，如附件一的表3 TCLP試驗結果所示，所有運用於本發明的紅碑各項成份， 其重金屬皆不會超過法規之限制值，對環境無危害之疑 慮。而再配合附件二有關XRD分析結果，本發明環保紅磚 之礦物晶相是以石英為主。 研磨成粉末（11):將太陽能板廢玻璃破碎並且研磨成 太陽能板廢玻璃粉末，透過球磨機研磨控制粒徑細度範圍 是 300-1000 m2/kg 之粉末。 黏土混合研磨粉末（1以太陽能板廢玻璃粉末佔 1〜50%的比例’將黏土與太陽能板廢玻璃粉末充分混合均 勻。 加壓成型（13):將前述混合均勻的粉末與黏土，透過 201131056 油壓機械，將前述太陽能板廢玻璃粉末，施以在2〇_i5〇 kgf/cm2壓力下成型，並且待其乾燥。 燒结（14):本發明是將前述加壓成型的成型體，送入 高溫爐加熱以構成燒結體，而高溫爐的窯燒氣氛環境可以 是供氧或是厭氧狀態，本發明燒結燒結條件如下所列·· 加熱燒結溫度範圍--700-1000。〇 燒結最高溫持溫時間--是6-10小時 鲁 加熱速率範圍一5〜10 °c/min 在燒結之後’並在高溫爐内自然冷卻至室溫。 紅碑成品（15):當燒結體在完成燒結階段並自然冷卻 之後即製成紅磚，請配合第七圖所示，即是依照本發明方 法製成紅磚成品示意圖，形狀、大小都不在限定條件内， 本發明的紅磚（20)顯示黏土（21)混合有研磨成粉末的太陽 月匕板廢玻璃粉末（25) ’而配合第二、七圖所示，以太陽能 板廢玻璃粉末（25)與黏土（21)混合所製成的紅碑，由第二 • 圖可知，本發明紅磚（20)之抗壓強度隨取代量提升及溫度 提升而逐漸增加。 第二、三、七圖顯示本發明紅磚（20)之吸水率，於第 二、三圖可得知在燒結溫度為700-1000 〇c皆可符合國家 標準（CNS)382 R2002之規範，一級碑標準（吸水率1〇 %以 下，抗壓強度300 kgf/cm2以上），證明太陽能板廢玻璃燒 結體可作為一般建築用磚使用，達到可供利用之建築用碑 材料。 201131056 第四圖是本發明紅磚（20)之磨耗量，由此可知，紅磚 (20)透過燒結流程得知，其磨耗量隨燒結溫度增加而降 低。當燒結溫度逐漸升高，磨耗量逐漸下降，結果顯示， 表面結構越緻密，燒結體之磨耗量越低。在燒結過程中， 燒結體表面之黏滯流燒結現象令封閉燒結體内部密閉孔細 及減少表面開放孔隙大小，增進是體緻密化效果，提昇紅 磚（20)之機械強度。 第五圖是本發明紅磚（20)之抗折強度發展圖，結果顯 示’抗折強度隨溫度、太陽能板廢玻璃粉末（25)分佈量的 變化而強度越強。而配合第三、六圖對照來顯示紅磚（20) 之孔隙率，孔隙率越小則吸水度越低。 而附件三是本發明製成的紅磚在不同溫度及不同取 代量之SEM，由圖面可發現，隨著溫度的上升與太陽能板 廢玻璃取代量（即太陽能板廢玻璃粉末混合於紅磚的分佈 量）增加’紅碑之緻密性越高。 上述實施例僅為例示性說明本發明之技術及其功效’ 而非用於限制本發明。任何熟於此項技術人士均可在不違 背本發明之技術原理及精神的情況下，對上述實施例進行 修改及變化’因此本發明之權利保護範圍應如後所述之申 請專利範圍所列。 201131056 【圖式簡單說明】 (一）圖式部分 第一圖係本發明較佳實施例之方塊流程圖。 第二圖係本發明較佳實施例之紅磚之抗壓強度 表。 & 苐一圖係本發明較佳實施例之紅磚之吸水率圖 表。 • 第四圖係本發明較佳實施例之紅磚之磨耗量圖 表。. · 第五圖係本發明較佳實施例之紅磚之抗折能力 圖表。 .第六圖係本發明較佳實施例之紅碑之孔隙率表。 九第七圖係本發明較佳實施例之產品剖面放大示 意圖。 附件一：太陽能板廢玻璃的組成分析以及重金屬 鲁 情;兄顯示表。 附件二：本發明紅磚的XRD圖譜。 附件三：製成紅碑實體的SEM照片。 【主要元件符號說明】 《本發明》 (10)備料 （11)研磨成粉末 (12) 黏土混合研磨粉末 (13) 加壓成型 （14)燒結 (15 )紅磚成品 201131056 (20)紅磚 （21)黏土 (25)太陽能板廢玻璃粉末Si〇2, which has a fluxing effect, can form a viscous flow to fill the pores when sintered at a high temperature, so that the densification of the structure is improved, and the water absorption rate of the red monument of the present invention is effectively reduced due to the reduction of the pores, thus conforming to the civil engineering Use the specifications of the first class brick. 6. The red brick of the present invention comprises a solar panel waste glass component, and the red brick surface is made denser by the grinding and sintering process, and has high abrasion resistance, so the abrasion amount is low and the abrasion resistance is high. [Embodiment] The present invention relates to a method and a product for burning solar glass waste glass into an environmentally-friendly red brick. Please refer to the first figure, which is a process flow diagram. The display process is in the following order: Preparation (10): Preparation The raw materials for red bricks are solar panels waste glass and clay. The solar panel waste glass referred to in the present invention refers to the waste generated during the manufacture of the solar panel product and the waste generated after the end of the life cycle. The characteristics of the raw materials used in the present invention are described in Annex I, 201131056, and the table of Annex 1 is The physical properties of environmentally friendly red tablets are shown in the chart. The pH value of the clay is 6.97, the fineness is 839. 6 mVkg, the specific gravity is 2 〇1 kg/m3, and the pH of the solar glass waste glass is 10.64. The degree is 300 mVkg and the specific gravity is 2.4〇kg/in3. Table 2 of Annex 1 is the result of XRF chemical composition analysis of the red brick raw material used in the present invention. The results show that both the clay and the solar panel waste glass are mainly SiCh, so the solar panel waste glass can be compatible with the clay, and the environmentally friendly red brick The total amount of heavy metals in raw materials and the results of TCLP test are shown in Table 2 of Annex 1. Table 2 shows that the content of 211 in the raw material of Hongbei is the highest, the content is up to 375 mg/kg, and the content of Ni and Pb is the second, respectively. 8〇/心与59. 52 mg/kg. Even if the solar panel waste glass of the present invention is added to the raw material, the heavy metal content does not exceed the legal value. As shown in the TCLP test results of Table 3 of Annex 1, all the components of the red monument used in the present invention have heavy metals. Do not exceed the limits of the regulations, no doubt about the environment. Combined with the results of XRD analysis in Annex II, the mineral crystal phase of the environmentally friendly red brick of the present invention is mainly quartz. Grinding into powder (11): The solar panel waste glass is crushed and ground into solar panel waste glass powder, and the particle size fineness range is 300-1000 m2/kg by a ball mill. Clay mixed grinding powder (1 in a ratio of 1 to 50% of solar panel waste glass powder) thoroughly mixes the clay with the solar panel waste glass powder. Press molding (13): The above-mentioned mixed powder and clay are passed through 201131056 In the hydraulic machine, the solar panel waste glass powder is molded under a pressure of 2 〇 i i 〇 f f 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 The furnace is heated in a high temperature furnace to form a sintered body, and the kiln atmosphere of the high temperature furnace may be an oxygen supply or an anaerobic state. The sintering and sintering conditions of the present invention are as follows: · Heating and sintering temperature range - 700-1000. The highest temperature holding time - is 6-10 hours Lu heating rate range of 5~10 °c / min after sintering 'and naturally cooled to room temperature in a high temperature furnace. Red monument finished (15): When the sintered body is in After completing the sintering stage and naturally cooling, the red brick is prepared. Please refer to the seventh figure, which is a schematic diagram of the finished red brick according to the method of the present invention. The shape and size are not within the limited conditions, and the red brick of the present invention (20) Show sticky (21) Mixed with solar lumber waste glass powder (25) ground into powder. In combination with the second and seventh figures, the red color is obtained by mixing solar glass waste glass powder (25) with clay (21). According to the second figure, the compressive strength of the red brick (20) of the present invention gradually increases with the increase of the substitution amount and the temperature increase. The second, third and seventh figures show the water absorption rate of the red brick (20) of the present invention, In the second and third figures, it can be found that the sintering temperature is 700-1000 〇c, which can meet the national standard (CNS) 382 R2002, the first-class standard (water absorption rate below 1%, compressive strength above 300 kgf/cm2). It is proved that the solar panel waste glass sintered body can be used as general building bricks to reach the usable building monument material. 201131056 The fourth figure is the wear amount of the red brick (20) of the present invention, and thus it can be seen that the red brick ( 20) Through the sintering process, the wear amount decreases with the increase of sintering temperature. When the sintering temperature is gradually increased, the wear amount gradually decreases, and the results show that the denser the surface structure, the lower the wear of the sintered body. , the viscous surface of the sintered body The sintering phenomenon makes the closed pores inside the closed sintered body thin and reduces the open pore size of the surface, improves the body densification effect, and improves the mechanical strength of the red brick (20). The fifth figure shows the development of the flexural strength of the red brick (20) of the present invention. The results show that the flexural strength is stronger with the change of the temperature and the amount of solar glass waste glass powder (25). The porosity of the red brick (20) is shown by the comparison of the third and sixth graphs. Smaller, the lower the water absorption. The third part is the SEM of the red brick made by the invention at different temperatures and different substitutions. It can be found from the surface, as the temperature rises and the amount of waste glass replaced by solar panels (ie solar panels) The amount of waste glass powder mixed in the red brick is increased. The higher the density of the red monument. The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the technology of the present invention and its effects, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify and change the above embodiments without departing from the technical spirit and spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be as listed in the patent application scope mentioned later. . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The second figure is a table of compressive strength of red bricks in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. & Figure 1 is a graph of water absorption of red bricks in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. • The fourth figure is a graph of the wear amount of the red brick of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fifth figure is a graph of the folding resistance of the red brick of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The sixth figure is a porosity table of the red monument of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The seventh and seventh figures are enlarged cross-sectional views of the product of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Annex I: Composition analysis of solar panel waste glass and heavy metal Luqing; brother shows the table. Annex 2: XRD pattern of the red brick of the present invention. Annex III: SEM photograph of the entity made into the monument. [Main component symbol description] "Invention" (10) Preparation (11) Grinding into powder (12) Clay mixing abrasive powder (13) Press molding (14) Sintering (15) Red brick finished product 201131056 (20) Red brick ( 21) Clay (25) solar panel waste glass powder
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