201106009 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種光學系統，尤指一種光學變焦系統 及方法。 【先前技術】 變焦係指光學系統的等效焦距於一最短與最長焦距間 作調整。透過等效焦距的變化…文變景深及成像倍率。 舉凡照相機、望遠鏡、投影機等光學裝置，多配設有光學 變焦系統，以擷取不同距離的景象，或調整投射畫面倍率。 光學成像路徑是由透鏡或反射鏡等光學元件所構成， 一般可藉由改變光學元件曲率、改變光學元件折射率，以 及移動光學元件等三帛方式來調整系统的等效焦距。其中 又以光學元件移動變焦最為普及，可分為光學補償式變焦 與機械補償式變焦兩種型態。 光學補償式變焦系統為早期所提出的變焦技術。請參 閱第一圖，該圖係為一習知技術之光學補償式變焦系統之 配置架構示意圖。如圖所示，光學補償式變焦系統1〇包括 複數個沿光轴X配置之透鏡m、112、n3、id、Η]， 其中透鏡111、112、113固設於光轴χ，而透鏡121、m 可共同沿光軸X移動，並與固設之透鏡m、112、ιΐ3間 隔排列。透過帶動透鏡121、122沿同一方向移動相同距 離，便可改變光學補償式變焦系統1〇的等效焦距。 201106009 ^而’光學補償式變焦系統l 〇在變焦過程中，其物像 共軛距離將一併改變，而導致成像面位置偏移，致使成像 品質不佳。機械補償式變焦系統則可提供較佳之成像品 質。請參閱第二圖，該圖係為一習知技術之機械補償式變 焦系統之配置架構暨作動示意圖。如圖所示，機械補償式 變焦系統20包括有複數個沿光轴X配置之透鏡2 11、2 12、201106009 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an optical system, and more particularly to an optical zoom system and method. [Prior Art] Zoom means that the equivalent focal length of the optical system is adjusted between a shortest and longest focal length. Through the change of the equivalent focal length... the depth of field and the imaging magnification. Optical devices such as cameras, telescopes, and projectors are often equipped with an optical zoom system to capture scenes at different distances or to adjust the projected image magnification. The optical imaging path is composed of optical elements such as lenses or mirrors. Generally, the equivalent focal length of the system can be adjusted by changing the curvature of the optical element, changing the refractive index of the optical element, and moving the optical element. Among them, optical zoom zoom is the most popular, and can be divided into two types: optical compensation type zoom and mechanical compensation type zoom. The optically compensated zoom system is an early zoom technique proposed. Please refer to the first figure, which is a schematic diagram of the configuration of an optical compensation type zoom system of a prior art. As shown, the optically compensated zoom system 1A includes a plurality of lenses m, 112, n3, id, Η] disposed along the optical axis X, wherein the lenses 111, 112, 113 are fixed to the optical axis χ, and the lens 121 And m can move together along the optical axis X and are spaced apart from the fixed lenses m, 112, and ι 3 . By driving the lenses 121, 122 to move the same distance in the same direction, the equivalent focal length of the optically compensated zoom system 1 改变 can be changed. 201106009 ^And the optically compensated zoom system l 〇 During the zooming process, the object image conjugate distance will be changed together, resulting in a shift in the image plane position, resulting in poor image quality. A mechanically compensated zoom system provides better imaging quality. Please refer to the second figure, which is a schematic diagram of the configuration and operation of a mechanically compensated zoom system of the prior art. As shown, the mechanically compensated zoom system 20 includes a plurality of lenses 2 11 , 2 12 disposed along the optical axis X,
213，其中透鏡211係固設於光軸X，而透鏡212、213則 可個別沿光轴X移動。 機械補償式變焦系統20中，係經由調整透鏡212的位 置來改變系統的等效焦距，但在改變透鏡2 12位置時，必 頁同時調整透鏡213的位置，以補償物像共輛距離之變 異，控制系統成像維持在同一位置。變焦過程中，透鏡212、 213具有個別之移動方向與位移。如第二圖中，機械補償 式變焦系.统20從短焦變化為中焦、長焦之過程中，透鏡 hi係維持於位置Α1;透鏡212則沿光軸乂，線性地由位 置扪位移至位置Β2與位置Β3 ;而透鏡213則沿光軸χ， 由位置⑴立移至位與位SC3,其移動軌跡為非線性。 實務设計中，光學補償式變焦系統僅需將預設位移的 透鏡組合連結，並控制這些透鏡進行線性移動；而機械補 償式變焦系統則需藉由凸輪機構，使移動的透鏡同時沿個 別之預定軌跡行進。由於凸 式變焦系統已為目前光學變 輪加工精度的提高，機械補償 焦的主流型態。然而，複雜的 201106009 凸輪機構對光學裝置的小型化趨勢而言，已形成設計上的 負擔。 本案發明人有鑒於此，從而提出本案，以改善現有機 械補償式變焦系統的複雜架構，並維持良好的成像品質。 【發明内容】213, wherein the lens 211 is fixed to the optical axis X, and the lenses 212, 213 are individually movable along the optical axis X. In the mechanically compensated zoom system 20, the equivalent focal length of the system is changed by adjusting the position of the lens 212, but when the position of the lens 2 12 is changed, the position of the lens 213 is simultaneously adjusted to compensate for the variation of the object-like distance. The control system image is maintained in the same position. During zooming, the lenses 212, 213 have individual movement directions and displacements. As shown in the second figure, the mechanical compensation type zoom system 20 changes from short focus to medium focus and long focus, the lens hi is maintained at the position Α1; the lens 212 is linearly displaced from the position 沿 along the optical axis To position Β2 and position Β3; and lens 213 along the optical axis 立, from position (1) to position and position SC3, the movement trajectory is nonlinear. In practical design, the optically compensated zoom system only needs to combine the preset displacement lens combinations and control the linear movement of these lenses; while the mechanically compensated zoom system requires a cam mechanism to move the lens along the individual The predetermined trajectory travels. Since the convex zoom system has improved the processing precision of the optical wheel, the mechanical compensation focus is the mainstream type. However, the complicated 201106009 cam mechanism has created a design burden for the miniaturization trend of optical devices. In view of this, the inventor of the present invention has proposed the present invention to improve the complicated structure of the existing mechanically compensated zoom system and maintain good image quality. [Summary of the Invention]
因此，本發明之目的係在於提供一種光學變焦系統及 方法，其藉由控制可調變光學元件改變光學特性，來修正 系統焦距變化所造成之成像位置變異，係可簡化光學變焦 系統之機械架構，並維持良好的成像品質。 本發明係揭示一種光學變焦系統，包括一光學機構模 ^ 固定透鏡組、-移動透鏡組以及__控制模組。光學 機構模組上係疋義有—光軸，並具有—可沿該光轴移動之 帶動機構。固定透鏡組包括至少一透鏡與一可調變光學元 件’沿光軸固設於光學機構模組。移動透鏡組包括至少二 透鏡，沿光轴固設於帶動機構，移動透鏡組之各個透鏡並 與固定透鏡組之透鏡及可調變光學元件間隔排列。控制模 系根據變焦*曰令，控制帶動機構沿光抽移動，以連帶 Μ移動透鏡組之透鏡的位置’並控制可調變光學元件的 光學特性。 於一具體實施例， 透鏡，並具有一曲面， 的光學特性，係為此曲 所述之可調變光學元件係為一液態 控制模組所控制之可調變光學元件 面之曲率。 201106009 本發明另揭示一種光學變焦系統’包括一光學機構模 組、一固定透鏡組、一移動透鏡組以及一控制模組。光風 機構模組上係定義有-光軸’並具有一可沿該光轴移動： 帶動機構。固定透鏡組包括至少二透鏡，沿光轴固設於光 學機構模組。移動透鏡組包括至少一透鏡與一可調變光風 元件，沿光轴固設於帶動機構，移動透鏡組之透鏡及可: •變光學元件並與固定透鏡組之透鏡間隔排列。控制模組係 根據一變焦指令，控制帶動機構沿光軸移動’以連帶改變 移動透鏡Μ之透鏡盘可嘴鐵止- 逐U調變先學疋件的位1，並控制可調 變光學元件的光學特性。 、於具體實施例，所述之可調變光學元件係為一液態 透鏡並具有—曲面，控制模組所控制之可調變光學元件 的光學特性’係為此曲面之曲率。 • 纟發明再揭示一種光學變焦方法，係適用於-光學變 焦系統，此光學變隹έ Μ A , 變“，、系統包括沿一光軸配置之一固定透鏡 組、一移動透鏡組以及一 了調變先學疋件，固定透鏡組、 移動透鏡組及可锢鐵土傲 變先予疋件的排列係形成至少三可變間 距。所述之光學轡 “’、 法包括的步驟係首先，接受一變焦 指令；其次，根攄變隹 琢變焦指令，取得一倍率改變值以及一補 償調變值，最後，根據 爆倍率改變值’產生一驅動訊號驅動 一帶動機構沿光轴# t π袖移動’以改變移動透鏡組於光轴上之位 置，連帶改變可變簡 變門距的長度；以及，根據補償調變值， 201106009 產生一調變訊號控制可調變光學元件改變光學特性。 於了具體實施例，所述之可調變光學元件係為一液態 透鏡，並具有一曲面，控制模組所控制之可 的光學特性，係為此曲面之曲率。 光予疋件 於一具體實施例，固定透鏡組包括至少一透鏡以及所 :之可調變光學元件’移動透鏡組包括至少二透鏡，移動 、3鏡組之透鏡係與固定透鏡組之透鏡及可調變光學元件間 隔排列，以形成該等可變間距。 於另一具體實施例’固定透鏡組包括至少—透鏡，移 ^透鏡組包括至少—透鏡以及所述之可調變光學元件，固 〜透鏡、.且之透鏡係與移動透鏡組之透鏡及可調變光學元件 間隔排列，以形成該等可變間距。 子 〜疋以’本發明所揭示之光學變焦系統及方法，係將固 疋透鏡組之透鏡與移動透鏡組之透鏡間隔排列，控制移動 透鏡組共同沿光軸移動，以改變系統等效焦距，並藉由押 :可調變光學元件改變光學特性，來修正系—： 、'之成像位置變異。如此—來’將可簡化光學變焦系統 之機械架構，並維持良好的成像品質。 Μ上之概述與接下來的詳細說明及附圖皆是為了能 進步說明本發明為達成預定目的所採取之方式、手段及 功政。而有關本發明的其他目的及優點’ m續的說明 及圖式中加以闡述。 201106009 【實施方式】 本發月係提出-種光學變焦系統及方法，可應用於投 々機照相機、望退鏡等光學裝置中，利用透鏡移動來改 變系統成像之等效焦距。為了簡化現有機械補償式變焦因 凸輪機構所形成的複雜架構，本案係採用光學補償式變焦 架構’並以可調變光學元件來補償因焦距倍率變化所帶來 的物像共_離變異，使得系統成像位⑽持在預定成像 面上，使系統維持良好的成像品質。 首先，請參閱第三圖，該圖係為本發明所揭示之光學 ，焦系統之系統架構示意圖。如圖所示，光學變焦系統 是由一控制模組31與-光學機構模組32共同組成。控制 模組31包括-控制器31〇、—輸入單元3ιι、 一 動早 312以及一調變單元313。光學機構模組Μ則包括一帶動 機構320、-固定透鏡多且321、一移動透鏡植322以及一可 調變光學元件323。 光學機構模組32是由光學元件與相關輔助機構共同 組成’其機能為沿一光軸操取影像至—預定成像面上，並 接受控制模組31的控制，而改變系統等效焦距。光學機構 模組32通常具有—本體（圖中未示），作為框架以:設各 個部件。帶動機構32G係固設於光學機構模纟且&的本體 ^並㈣於控制模組31，以接受其控制，沿光輪於一限 定範圍内作位移，以改變系統焦距。 201106009 固疋透鏡組321是由透鏡組成，沿光轴固設於本體 上移動透鏡組322是由透鏡組成，沿光轴固設於帶動機 構320上，以隨同帶動機構32〇的位移而改變在光轴上的 置而固疋透鏡組321與移動透鏡組322個別具有之透 鏡的曲率與厚度，可根據實務所進行之光學設計而訂定。 可調變光學元件323係為一電子控制式光學元件，可 φ左由預疋之控制方式，例如：調整外部所施加的電壓值、 電流值等方式，來改變其光學特性。於一具體實施例可 調變光學it件323係為—液態透鏡，内部具有—曲面結 構，而透過控制模組31施以不同的電壓值或電流值，即可 改變曲面的曲率’以配合調整系統等效焦距。液態透鏡係 為一現有技術，並具多種設計及控制模式，因此在此便不 再 贅述。 . T調變光學元件323可根據實務需求，設於固定透鏡 舨321，或設於移動透鏡組322。當可調變光學元件隸 屬於固定透鏡組321時，係、固設於本體上，在系統中維持 同—位置；當可調變光學元件323隸屬於移動透鏡組322 時，係固設於帶動機構320上，與移動透鏡組322之透鏡 —同隨其帶動沿光軸位移。 於一具體實施例，固定透鏡組321是由至少一透鏡與 可調變光學元件323共同構成，而移動透鏡組322則包含 至少二透鏡。固定透鏡組321與移動透鏡組322係依循光 201106009 學補償式變焦架構之設計模式作配置 4=； 、妥 固疋透鏡*且3 21 > 母一透鏡及可調變光學元件323係 、. 一透镑仫％ 砂勃透鏡組322之每 透鏡係沿光軸間隔排列，並共同 ^ „ 取主；二個可變間距。 ;另一具體實施例， 心边鏡組321包含至少二透 鏡’而移動透鏡322則是由至少 一 u ^ 处規興可調變光學元件 ，、同構成。移動透鏡組322之 一 可边鏡及可調變光學 兀件323係與固定透鏡組321Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an optical zoom system and method for modifying the mechanical position of an optical zoom system by controlling the variable optical element to change optical characteristics to correct imaging position variation caused by changes in focal length of the system. And maintain good image quality. The present invention discloses an optical zoom system including an optical mechanism mold fixing lens group, a moving lens group, and a __ control module. The optical mechanism module has an optical axis and has a driving mechanism that can move along the optical axis. The fixed lens group includes at least one lens and an adjustable optical element 'fixed to the optical mechanism module along the optical axis. The moving lens group includes at least two lenses fixed to the driving mechanism along the optical axis, and each lens of the moving lens group is spaced apart from the lens of the fixed lens group and the variable optical element. The control module controls the driving mechanism to move along the light according to the zoom command to move the position of the lens of the lens group and control the optical characteristics of the variable optical element. In one embodiment, the optical characteristics of the lens and having a curved surface are the curvature of the variable optical element surface controlled by a liquid control module. 201106009 The invention further discloses an optical zoom system' comprising an optical mechanism module, a fixed lens group, a moving lens group and a control module. The light wind mechanism module defines an optical axis and has a movable along the optical axis: a driving mechanism. The fixed lens group includes at least two lenses fixed to the optical mechanism module along the optical axis. The moving lens group includes at least one lens and an adjustable variable light element, and is fixed to the driving mechanism along the optical axis, and moves the lens of the lens group and can be: variably optically arranged and spaced apart from the lens of the fixed lens group. The control module controls the driving mechanism to move along the optical axis according to a zooming command to change the position of the lens disk of the moving lens, and to control the variable optical component. Optical properties. In a specific embodiment, the tunable optical element is a liquid lens and has a curved surface, and the optical characteristic of the tunable optical element controlled by the control module is the curvature of the curved surface. • The invention further discloses an optical zoom method suitable for an optical zoom system, the optical change Μ A , "," the system includes a fixed lens group along a light axis configuration, a moving lens group, and a The modulating element, the fixed lens group, the moving lens group, and the arbitrarily arbitrarily arranging the at least three variable pitches. The optical 辔 "', the steps included in the method are first, Accepting a zoom command; secondly, changing the zoom command to obtain a magnification change value and a compensation modulation value, and finally, generating a driving signal according to the pop-up rate change value to drive a driving mechanism along the optical axis #t π sleeve Moving 'to change the position of the moving lens group on the optical axis, with the change of the length of the variable simple door distance; and, according to the compensation modulation value, 201106009 generates a modulation signal to control the variable optical element to change the optical characteristics. In a specific embodiment, the variably optical element is a liquid lens and has a curved surface. The optical properties controlled by the control module are the curvature of the curved surface. In a specific embodiment, the fixed lens group comprises at least one lens and the variable optical element of the moving lens group comprises at least two lenses, a moving lens, a lens of a 3-mirror lens and a lens of the fixed lens group. The variably variable optical elements are spaced apart to form the variable pitch. In another embodiment, the fixed lens group includes at least a lens, the lens group includes at least a lens, and the adjustable optical element, the lens, the lens system, and the lens of the moving lens group. The modulated optical elements are spaced apart to form the variable pitch. The optical zoom system and method disclosed in the present invention divides the lens of the solid lens group and the lens of the moving lens group to control the moving lens group to move along the optical axis to change the equivalent focal length of the system. And by changing the optical characteristics of the adjustable optical component, the imaging position variation of the system is corrected. This - will simplify the mechanical architecture of the optical zoom system and maintain good image quality. The above summary and the following detailed description and drawings are intended to be illustrative of the manner, the Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description and drawings. 201106009 [Embodiment] The present invention proposes an optical zoom system and method, which can be applied to an optical device such as a projector camera or a retracting mirror, and uses lens movement to change the equivalent focal length of the system imaging. In order to simplify the complex structure formed by the existing mechanically compensated zoom cam mechanism, the present invention adopts an optically compensated zooming architecture and compensates for the image-to-coherence variation caused by the change of the focal length magnification with the variable-variable optical component. The system imaging position (10) is held on a predetermined imaging surface to maintain a good imaging quality of the system. First, please refer to the third figure, which is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the optical and focal system disclosed in the present invention. As shown, the optical zoom system is composed of a control module 31 and an optical mechanism module 32. The control module 31 includes a controller 31, an input unit 3, an early 312, and a modulation unit 313. The optical mechanism module includes a driving mechanism 320, a plurality of fixed lenses, 321 , a moving lens implant 322, and a modulatable optical element 323. The optical mechanism module 32 is composed of an optical component and an associated auxiliary mechanism. The function is to take an image along an optical axis to a predetermined imaging surface and receive control of the control module 31 to change the equivalent focal length of the system. The optical mechanism module 32 generally has a body (not shown) as a frame for: providing various components. The driving mechanism 32G is fixed to the optical mechanism module and the body of the optical module is controlled by the control module 31 to receive the control thereof, and is displaced along the optical wheel within a limited range to change the focal length of the system. 201106009 The solid lens group 321 is composed of a lens and is fixed on the body along the optical axis. The moving lens group 322 is composed of a lens and is fixed on the driving mechanism 320 along the optical axis to change with the displacement of the driving mechanism 32〇. The curvature and thickness of the lens which is provided on the optical axis by the solid lens group 321 and the moving lens group 322 can be determined according to the optical design of the practice. The variable optical element 323 is an electronically controlled optical element, and the optical characteristics can be changed by the control mode of the left side, for example, by adjusting the externally applied voltage value and current value. In one embodiment, the variable-lighting optical member 323 is a liquid lens having a curved surface structure, and the curvature of the curved surface can be changed by applying different voltage values or current values through the control module 31. System equivalent focal length. Liquid lens is a prior art and has a variety of design and control modes, so it will not be repeated here. The T modulation optical element 323 may be provided in the fixed lens 舨321 or in the moving lens group 322 according to actual needs. When the variable optical element is attached to the fixed lens group 321 , it is fixed on the body to maintain the same position in the system; when the variable optical element 323 belongs to the moving lens group 322 , it is fixed on the driving The mechanism 320 is displaced along the optical axis with the lens of the moving lens group 322. In one embodiment, the fixed lens group 321 is formed by at least one lens and the variable optical element 323, and the moving lens group 322 includes at least two lenses. The fixed lens group 321 and the moving lens group 322 are arranged according to the design mode of the optical compensation compensation structure of the light-receiving zoom structure, and the configuration is as follows: 4., the solid lens* and the 3 21 > the mother-lens lens and the variable-variable optical component 323. Each of the lens systems of the sandbox lens group 322 is arranged along the optical axis, and is collectively taken; two variable pitches; and in another specific embodiment, the core mirror group 321 includes at least two lenses. The moving lens 322 is composed of at least one U ^ tunable optical element, and the movable lens group 322 can be a side mirror and an adjustable optical element 323 and a fixed lens group 321
、 ^ 边鏡沿光軸間隔排 列’並共同形成至少三個可變間距。 按，光學補償式變焦系統中，移動 ^ Τ移動透鏡與固定透鏡係 沿光軸間隔排列，”接之移動透鏡與固定透鏡之間則共 同形成—可㈣距。光學補償式變焦系統在變焦過程中， 成像位置會隨同變異，無法固^在預期成像平面上。然而， 在成像位置改變過程中’會有—或數個焦距恰Μ在預期 成像平面上。而此恰成像於預期成像φ之焦距數量正為可 變間距的數量。請參閱第四圖，該圖係為一光學補償式變 焦系統之成像位置示意圖，藉以說明上述可變間距與成像 位置變化的關係。 第四圖中’一光學補償式變焦系統8〇包括四透鏡 811、812、821、822,其中透鏡81】、812為固定透鏡，而 透鏡821、822為移動透鏡，固定透鏡與移動透鏡的排列形 成三個可變間距83 1 ' 832、833，可變間距83〗、832、833 的長度係隨透鏡82卜822位移而變化。圖係顯示透鏡821、 201106009 822移動過程中，成像位置也隨同變化，而形成一成像變 動軌跡J。由於此系統具有三個可變間距83丨、832、833， 因此成像變動執跡j與預定成像位置〇有三個交點，也代 表著在透鏡82 1、822位移過程中，有三個位置讓系統焦距 恰落於預期成像面。, ^ The side mirrors are arranged along the optical axis spacing' and together form at least three variable spacings. According to the optical compensation type zoom system, the moving lens and the fixed lens are arranged along the optical axis, and the moving lens and the fixed lens are formed together to form a (four) distance. The optical compensation zoom system is in the zooming process. In this case, the imaging position will mutate and cannot be fixed on the intended imaging plane. However, during the imaging position change, there will be “with—or several focal lengths on the expected imaging plane. This is just imaged in the expected imaging φ. The number of focal lengths is the number of variable pitches. Please refer to the fourth figure, which is a schematic diagram of the imaging position of an optically compensated zoom system, to illustrate the relationship between the above variable pitch and the change of imaging position. The optically compensated zoom system 8A includes four lenses 811, 812, 821, 822, wherein the lenses 81, 812 are fixed lenses, and the lenses 821, 822 are moving lenses, and the arrangement of the fixed lens and the moving lens form three variable pitches. The length of 83 1 '832, 833, variable pitch 83, 832, 833 varies with the displacement of the lens 82 822. The figure shows the movement process of the lens 821, 201106009 822 In the middle, the imaging position also changes, and an imaging variation trajectory J is formed. Since the system has three variable spacings 83丨, 832, and 833, the imaging variation obstruction j has three intersections with the predetermined imaging position ,, which also represents During the displacement of the lenses 82 1 , 822, there are three positions where the focal length of the system falls exactly below the intended imaging surface.
由於可調變光學元件323對系統焦距之修正範圍有 限，而於系統包含三個或三個以上可變間距的情形下，可 使得可調變光學元件323確實達到修正成像位置之機能。 控制模組31中，控制器310為一邏輯處理核心，内部 設有處理器、記憶體等元件，根據内部儲存的韌體，以預 定之程式邏輯運作。簡單來說，控制器31〇可接受外部控 制，進而根據控制指令來產生訊號，控制周邊各個單元的 運作。輸入單1 311為-輸入介面，可接受外部控制，產 生變焦指令傳送至控制器3 1 〇。 驅動單元312係麵接於控制胃31〇與帶動機構32〇 間，用以驅動帶動機構320帶動移動透鏡組322沿光軸 動。於一具體實施例 帶動機構320 是由一可沿螺桿移動 的座體’且固設有移動透鏡組322，而 一馬達’以間接或直接帶動螺桿旋動， 桿移動’連帶讓移動透鏡組320之每一 驅動單元312包括 進而帶動座體沿螺 元件進行位移。 調變單元3 13係麵接於控制器 31〇與可調變元件323 12 201106009 之間其根據控制H 3 1 0的控制，改變施加於可調變光學 元件323之電壓值或電流值，以控制改變其光學特性。 光學變焦系統30中，係經由改變移動透鏡組322的位 置，來達成變焦功能。並在焦距改變同時，藉著控制可調 變光學το件323改變光學特性，來補償成像位置的變異。 一般而5，控制器31〇係預先建立有焦距倍率值與對應之 移動透鏡組322的位移值。控制器3丨〇於接收到外部變焦 指令時，根據要求的焦距倍率值，參照移動透鏡組322初 始位置，產生一倍率改變值，並進而產生驅動訊號，控制 驅動單7L 312驅動帶動機構320，將移動透鏡組322由初 始位置帶動至此焦距倍率值所對應之位置。 另外’隨著移動透鏡組322位移至各個不同位置，係 對應一最佳之可調變光學元件323的曲面曲率。於一具體 實施例，控制器310係儲存有一查找表，此查找表係預先 建立有每一焦距倍率值個別所對應之補償調變值，控制器 310係搜哥查找表’取得焦距倍率值所對應之補償調變值， 來產生調變訊號，控制可調變光學元件323改變光學特性。 接著’請參閱第五圖，該圖係為本發明所揭示之光學 變焦系統之第一實施例之配置架構示意圖。此實施例中， 光學變焦系統4 0包括沿光轴X排列之三透鏡4 4 1、4 3 1、 442 ’以及一可調變光學元件45。此實例中透鏡43丨與 可調變光學元件45係隸屬固定透鏡組’而透鏡441、442 13 .. 201106009 則隸屬移動透鏡組。移動透鏡組之每一光學元件與固定透 鏡組之每一光學元件係間隔排列’並形成三個可變間距 461、462、463。變焦過程中，控制模組41藉驅動帶動機 構42帶動透鏡441、442改變位置，以改變系統等效焦距， 並同時控制可調變光學元件4 5改變光學特性，以補償焦距 變化所造成的成像位置變異。 明參閱第六圖，該圖係為本發明所揭示之光學變焦系 統之第二實施例之配置架構示意圖。此實施例中，光學變 焦系統50包括沿光軸X排列之四透鏡53 j、532、、542 以及一可調變光學元件55。此實例中，透鏡531、532與 可調變光學元件55係隸屬固定透鏡組，而透鏡541、542 則隸屬移動透鏡組。移動透鏡組之每一光學元件係與固定 透鏡組之每一光學元件間隔排列，並形成四個可變間距 561、562、563、564。變焦過程中，係由控制模組51驅動 帶動機構52帶動透鏡541、542改變位置，並同時控制可 調變光學元件5 5改變光學特性。 特別再次說明的是，於其他實施例，可調變光學元件 亦可設於移動透鏡組内，隨同移動透鏡組之透鏡，由帶動 機構帶動沿光轴X位移。 以下係說明本案之光學變焦方法。請參閱第七圖，該 圖係為本發明所揭示之光學變焦方法之步驟流程圖。請同 時參閱第二圖及相關圖式說明，卩配合參照其中之系統架 201106009 構與各個元件特徵。如第七圖所示，所述之光學變焦方法 包括下列步驟： 首先，控制器310自輸入單元311接收一變焦指令（步 驟 S100); 其次’控制器3 1 0根據變焦指令，取得一倍率改變值 以及一補償調變值（步驟S102); 隨後’控制器3 1 0根據倍率改變值，產生一驅動訊號， 經由驅動單元312驅動帶動機構32〇沿光軸移動，以帶動 改變移動透鏡組322於光軸上之位置（步驟S1 10 ); 以及，控制器310根據補償調變值，產生一調變訊號， 經由調變單元3 1 3控制可調變光學元件323改變光學特性 (步驟 S120)。 其中於步驟S1 02，更包括下列步驟： 首先，控制器310轉換接收之變焦指令為一焦距倍率 值； 隨後，控制器310根據焦距倍率值，搜尋查找表，以 取知·此焦距倍率值所對應之補償調變值； 以及一對應於移動 以取得該倍率改變 以及’控制器310根據焦距倍率值 透鏡組322之透鏡位置之初始倍率值， 值。 於一具體實施例，所述之可調 _ 變九干疋件323係為- 液態透鏡，内部具有一曲面結構， 再共T於步騾S120中，τ 15 201106009 調變光學元件323所改變之光學特性係.為該曲面的曲率。 藉由以上實例詳述，當可知悉本發明所揭示之光學變 焦系統及方法，係採用光學補償式變焦架構冑固定透鏡 組之透鏡與移動透鏡組之透鏡間隔排列，控制移動透鏡組 共同沿光轴移動，以改變系統等效焦距，並藉由同時控制 可調變光學元件改變光學特性，來補償系統焦距變化所造 成之成像位置變異。本案之光學變焦架構係簡化了機械補 償式光學變焦架構，並同時維持良好的成像品質。 惟，以上所述，僅為本發明的具體實施例之詳細說明 及圖式而6 ’並非用以限制本發明，本發明之所有範圍應 以下述之申請專利範圍為$，任何熟悉該項技藝者在本發 明之領域内’可輕易思及之變化或修飾皆可涵蓋在以下本 案所界定之專利範圍。Since the variable optical element 323 has a limited correction range for the focal length of the system, and in the case where the system includes three or more variable pitches, the variable optical element 323 can be made to function to correct the imaging position. In the control module 31, the controller 310 is a logic processing core, and internally has components such as a processor and a memory, and operates according to a predetermined program logic according to the firmware stored therein. Briefly, the controller 31 accepts external control and generates signals based on the control commands to control the operation of the various peripheral units. The input unit 1 311 is an input interface that accepts external control and generates a zoom command to be transmitted to the controller 3 1 〇. The driving unit 312 is connected between the control stomach 31〇 and the driving mechanism 32〇 for driving the driving mechanism 320 to move the moving lens group 322 along the optical axis. In one embodiment, the driving mechanism 320 is a seat body ′ movable along the screw and a moving lens group 322 is fixed, and a motor 'indirectly or directly drives the screw to rotate, and the rod moves 'to move the lens group 320 Each of the driving units 312 includes a driving body that is displaced along the screw element. The modulation unit 3 13 is connected between the controller 31 and the variable variable element 323 12 201106009. According to the control of the control H 3 10 , the voltage value or current value applied to the variable optical element 323 is changed to Control changes its optical properties. In the optical zoom system 30, the zoom function is achieved by changing the position of the moving lens group 322. At the same time as the focal length changes, the optical characteristics are changed by controlling the variable optical element 323 to compensate for the variation of the imaging position. Generally, the controller 31 is pre-established with a focal length magnification value and a displacement value of the corresponding moving lens group 322. When receiving the external zoom command, the controller 3 refers to the initial position of the moving lens group 322 according to the required focal length magnification value, generates a magnification change value, and further generates a driving signal, and controls the driving unit 7L 312 to drive the driving mechanism 320. The moving lens group 322 is driven from the initial position to a position corresponding to the focal length magnification value. Further, as the moving lens group 322 is displaced to various positions, it corresponds to the curvature of the surface of an optimum variably variable optical element 323. In a specific embodiment, the controller 310 stores a lookup table. The lookup table is pre-established with a compensation modulation value corresponding to each focus magnification value, and the controller 310 is configured to obtain a focus magnification value. Corresponding to the modulation modulation value, a modulation signal is generated, and the variable optical element 323 is controlled to change the optical characteristic. Next, please refer to the fifth figure, which is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the first embodiment of the optical zoom system disclosed in the present invention. In this embodiment, the optical zoom system 40 includes three lenses 4 4 1 , 4 3 1 , 442 ', and an adjustable optical element 45 arranged along the optical axis X. In this example, the lens 43A and the variable optical element 45 are attached to the fixed lens group' and the lenses 441, 442 13 .. 201106009 are attached to the moving lens group. Each of the optical elements of the moving lens group is spaced apart from each of the optical elements of the fixed lens group and forms three variable pitches 461, 462, 463. During the zooming process, the control module 41 drives the driving mechanism 42 to drive the lenses 441, 442 to change the position to change the equivalent focal length of the system, and simultaneously controls the variable optical element 45 to change the optical characteristics to compensate for the imaging caused by the focal length change. Location variation. Referring to the sixth figure, the figure is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the second embodiment of the optical zoom system disclosed in the present invention. In this embodiment, optical zoom system 50 includes four lenses 53 j 532 , 542 and an tunable optical element 55 arranged along optical axis X. In this example, the lenses 531, 532 and the variable optical element 55 are attached to the fixed lens group, and the lenses 541, 542 are attached to the moving lens group. Each of the optical elements of the moving lens group is spaced apart from each of the optical elements of the fixed lens group and forms four variable pitches 561, 562, 563, 564. During the zooming process, the driving mechanism 52 is driven by the control module 51 to drive the lenses 541, 542 to change positions, and at the same time, the variable optical element 55 is controlled to change the optical characteristics. In particular, in other embodiments, the variable optical element can also be disposed in the moving lens group, and the lens of the moving lens group is driven by the driving mechanism to be displaced along the optical axis X. The optical zoom method of the present invention will be described below. Please refer to the seventh figure, which is a flow chart of the steps of the optical zooming method disclosed in the present invention. Please refer to the second figure and related drawings at the same time, and refer to the system frame 201106009 structure and various component features. As shown in the seventh figure, the optical zoom method includes the following steps: First, the controller 310 receives a zoom instruction from the input unit 311 (step S100); secondly, the controller 3 10 obtains a magnification change according to the zoom instruction. The value and a compensation modulation value (step S102); then the controller 3 10 generates a driving signal according to the magnification change value, and drives the driving mechanism 32 to move along the optical axis via the driving unit 312 to drive the changing moving lens group 322. a position on the optical axis (step S1 10); and, the controller 310 generates a modulation signal according to the compensation modulation value, and controls the variable optical element 323 to change the optical characteristic via the modulation unit 3 1 3 (step S120). . In step S1 02, the method further includes the following steps: First, the controller 310 converts the received zoom command to a focal length magnification value; subsequently, the controller 310 searches the lookup table according to the focal length magnification value to obtain the focal length magnification value. Corresponding compensation modulation value; and an initial magnification value corresponding to the movement to obtain the magnification change and the controller 310 according to the focal length magnification value lens position 322. In a specific embodiment, the adjustable ninth dry 323 is a liquid lens having a curved surface inside, and a total of T is in step S120, and τ 15 201106009 modulating optical element 323 is changed. The optical characteristic is the curvature of the curved surface. As is apparent from the above examples, when the optical zoom system and method disclosed in the present invention are known, the lens of the fixed lens group and the lens of the moving lens group are arranged in an optically compensated zoom frame, and the moving lens group is controlled to be along the light. The axis moves to change the equivalent focal length of the system, and compensates for the variation of the imaging position caused by the change of the focal length of the system by simultaneously controlling the variable optical element to change the optical characteristics. The optical zoom architecture of this case simplifies the mechanically compensated optical zoom architecture while maintaining good image quality. However, the above description is only for the detailed description and drawings of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. All the scope of the present invention should be in the following claims. Any changes or modifications that can be easily considered in the field of the invention can be covered by the scope of the patents defined in the following.
16 201106009 [ 圖 式簡 單說明】 1 第 一 圖 係 為 一習 知 技 置 架構不 意 圖 第 二 圖 係 為 一習 知 技 置 架 構暨 作 動 第 二 圖 係 為 本發 明 所 構 示 意圖 ， 第 四 圖 係 為 一光 學 補 圖 ， 第 五 圖 係 為 本發 明 所 施 例 之配 置 架 第 六 圖 係 為 本發 明 所 施例 之配 置 架 第 七 圖 係 為 本發 明 所 程 圖 〇 【主要元件符號說明】 10、80 111 、 112 、 113 、 121 、 122 442 ' 531、532、541 ' 542 20 30 、 40 、 50 術之光學補償式變焦系統之配 » 術之機械補償式變焦系統之配 示意圖； 揭示之光學變焦系統之系統架 償式變焦系統之成像位置示意 揭示之光學變焦系統之第一實 構示意圖； 揭示之光學變焦系統之第二實 構示意圖；以及 揭示之光學變焦方法之步驟流 光學補償式變焦系統 、211 、 212 、 213 、 431 、 441 、 、811 、 812 、 821 、 822 透鏡 機械補償式變焦系統 光學變焦系統 17. 201106009 31 ' 41、 51 控 制模 組 310 控 制器 311 m 入單 元 312 驅 動單 元 313 調 變單 元 32 光 學機 構模組 320 、42、 52 帶 動機 構 321 固 定透 鏡組 322 移動透 鏡組 323 、45、 55 可調變 光學元件 461 ' 462 、463 、 561 、 562 、 563 、 564 、831 、832 ' 833 可 變間 距 A1、 B1、 B2、B3、Cl、C2、C3 位 置 j ο16 201106009 [Simple diagram of the diagram] 1 The first diagram is a schematic architecture. The second diagram is a schematic architecture and the second diagram is the schematic diagram of the invention. The fourth diagram is The fifth figure is the configuration frame of the embodiment of the present invention. The sixth figure is the configuration frame of the embodiment of the present invention. The seventh figure is the process diagram of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 , 80 111 , 112 , 113 , 121 , 122 442 ' 531 , 532 , 541 ' 542 20 30 , 40 , 50 optical compensation digital zoom system with a mechanical compensation zoom system schematic diagram ; The first embodiment of the optical zoom system disclosed in the imaging position of the zoom system of the zoom system is schematically illustrated; the second practical schematic diagram of the optical zoom system disclosed; and the step of revealing the optical zoom method flow optical compensation zoom System, 211, 212, 213, 431, 441, 811, 812 821, 822 lens mechanical compensation zoom system optical zoom system 17. 201106009 31 '41, 51 control module 310 controller 311 m into unit 312 drive unit 313 modulation unit 32 optical mechanism module 320, 42, 52 drive mechanism 321 Fixed lens group 322 moving lens group 323, 45, 55 adjustable optical element 461 ' 462 , 463 , 561 , 562 , 563 , 564 , 831 , 832 ' 833 variable pitch A1 , B1 , B2 , B3 , Cl , C2 , C3 position j ο
x S100〜S120 成像變動軌跡 預定成像位置 光轴 各個步驟流程 18x S100~S120 Imaging change trajectory Predetermined imaging position Optical axis Step flow 18