TW201040153A - Novel substituted tetrahydronaphthalenes, process for preparation thereof and use thereof as medicaments - Google Patents
Novel substituted tetrahydronaphthalenes, process for preparation thereof and use thereof as medicaments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201040153A TW201040153A TW099104251A TW99104251A TW201040153A TW 201040153 A TW201040153 A TW 201040153A TW 099104251 A TW099104251 A TW 099104251A TW 99104251 A TW99104251 A TW 99104251A TW 201040153 A TW201040153 A TW 201040153A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- compound
- formula
- crc6
- alkoxy
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical class C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 74
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 428
- -1 thio-(CVc6)-alkyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine group Chemical group NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 229930194542 Keto Natural products 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003472 antidiabetic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940125708 antidiabetic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010022489 Insulin Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006553 (C3-C8) cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000001145 Metabolic Syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000000690 abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000008338 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000002859 sleep apnea Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004129 fatty acid metabolism Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 208000032928 Dyslipidaemia Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 208000017170 Lipid metabolism disease Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 101100258328 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) crc-2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000883 anti-obesity agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940125710 antiobesity agent Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229940127554 medical product Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004354 sulfur functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 82
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 57
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 41
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 27
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 21
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 21
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 17
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 17
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 15
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229940044601 receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 239000000018 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 description 12
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 11
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 229940044551 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 239000002464 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 9
- UDMBCSSLTHHNCD-KQYNXXCUSA-N adenosine 5'-monophosphate Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O UDMBCSSLTHHNCD-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 8
- DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N Glucagon-like peptide 1 Chemical class C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1N=CNC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 8
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 102000003855 L-lactate dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108700023483 L-lactate dehydrogenases Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102400001132 Melanin-concentrating hormone Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 101800002739 Melanin-concentrating hormone Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000029828 Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor Human genes 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 6
- YASAKCUCGLMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rosiglitazone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1N(C)CCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O YASAKCUCGLMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229960002297 fenofibrate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- ORRDHOMWDPJSNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N melanin concentrating hormone Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCSC)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC(O)=O)C(C)O)CCSC)CSSCC(C(=O)NC(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(O)=O)NC(=O)C2CCCN2C(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ORRDHOMWDPJSNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 108010078791 Carrier Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 5
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940121710 HMGCoA reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 102100030643 Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 102100027375 Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 5
- RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N SJ000286063 Natural products C12C(OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)CC(C)C=C2C=CC(C)C1CCC1CC(O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229960000815 ezetimibe Drugs 0.000 description 5
- OLNTVTPDXPETLC-XPWALMASSA-N ezetimibe Chemical compound N1([C@@H]([C@H](C1=O)CC[C@H](O)C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 OLNTVTPDXPETLC-XPWALMASSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YMTINGFKWWXKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenofibrate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)(C)C(=O)OC(C)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YMTINGFKWWXKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 229960002855 simvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N simvastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N 0.000 description 5
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 5
- WRGVLTAWMNZWGT-VQSPYGJZSA-N taspoglutide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)(C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C)(C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WRGVLTAWMNZWGT-VQSPYGJZSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N (S)-amphetamine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NKOHRVBBQISBSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1C(=O)NC(=O)S1 NKOHRVBBQISBSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102100022089 Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] hydrolase Human genes 0.000 description 4
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N Atorvastatin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atorvastatin Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108700001281 BIM 51077 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102100021334 Bcl-2-related protein A1 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010039731 Fatty Acid Synthases Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 101710198884 GATA-type zinc finger protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 108090000079 Glucocorticoid Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102100033417 Glucocorticoid receptor Human genes 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 108010047068 Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102100031545 Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit Human genes 0.000 description 4
- PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Monacolin X Natural products C12C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C2C=CC(C)C1CCC1CC(O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000010909 Monoamine Oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010062431 Monoamine oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108091000080 Phosphotransferase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102100040918 Pro-glucagon Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108091006300 SLC2A4 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010021436 Type 4 Melanocortin Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940025084 amphetamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229960005370 atorvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 4
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 4
- 238000007876 drug discovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- PBGKTOXHQIOBKM-FHFVDXKLSA-N insulin (human) Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H]1CSSC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3NC=NC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC1=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)CSSC[C@@H](C(N2)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)C1=CN=CN1 PBGKTOXHQIOBKM-FHFVDXKLSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000037356 lipid metabolism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 4
- CHHXEZSCHQVSRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lobeglitazone Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1OC1=CC(N(C)CCOC=2C=CC(CC3C(NC(=O)S3)=O)=CC=2)=NC=N1 CHHXEZSCHQVSRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229950007685 lobeglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229960004844 lovastatin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N lovastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lovastatin hydroxy acid Natural products C1=CC(C)C(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C2C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C21 QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 4
- PGSADBUBUOPOJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N neutral red Chemical compound Cl.C1=C(C)C(N)=CC2=NC3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 PGSADBUBUOPOJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 4
- 102000020233 phosphotransferase Human genes 0.000 description 4
- HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pioglitazone Chemical compound N1=CC(CC)=CC=C1CCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1C(=O)NC(=O)S1 HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940075993 receptor modulator Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229960000672 rosuvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- BPRHUIZQVSMCRT-VEUZHWNKSA-N rosuvastatin Chemical compound CC(C)C1=NC(N(C)S(C)(=O)=O)=NC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BPRHUIZQVSMCRT-VEUZHWNKSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229950007151 taspoglutide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUFXOAAUWZOOIT-SXARVLRPSA-N (2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[[(1S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1-cyclohex-2-enyl]amino]-2-oxanyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxanyl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4-triol Chemical compound O([C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)N[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(CO)=C1)O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O XUFXOAAUWZOOIT-SXARVLRPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JSYGLDMGERSRPC-FQUUOJAGSA-N (2s,4s)-4-fluoro-1-[2-[[(1r,3s)-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)cyclopentyl]amino]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1[C@@H](F)C[C@@H](C#N)N1C(=O)CN[C@H]1C[C@@H](CN2N=CN=C2)CC1 JSYGLDMGERSRPC-FQUUOJAGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZGGHKIMDNBDHJB-NRFPMOEYSA-M (3R,5S)-fluvastatin sodium Chemical compound [Na+].C12=CC=CC=C2N(C(C)C)C(\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O)=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 ZGGHKIMDNBDHJB-NRFPMOEYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- AXJQVVLKUYCICH-OAQYLSRUSA-N (4s)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-n-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl-n'-methyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrazole-2-carboximidamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C([C@H](C1)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN1C(=NC)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 AXJQVVLKUYCICH-OAQYLSRUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZZRFQBQNZLFESZ-BTQNPOSSSA-N 2-[(3r)-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-7-fluoro-5-methylsulfonyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-cyclopenta[b]indol-3-yl]acetic acid;pyridine-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1.C=1([C@@H](CC(O)=O)CCC=1C=1C=C(F)C=C(C2=1)S(=O)(=O)C)N2CC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 ZZRFQBQNZLFESZ-BTQNPOSSSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SWLAMJPTOQZTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl)amino]ethyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(=O)NCCC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 SWLAMJPTOQZTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102100031786 Adiponectin Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010076365 Adiponectin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101150078577 Adora2b gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000349731 Afzelia bipindensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010003210 Arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102100033868 Cannabinoid receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710187010 Cannabinoid receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100036214 Cannabinoid receptor 2 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710187022 Cannabinoid receptor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 240000008886 Ceratonia siliqua Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013912 Ceratonia siliqua Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000003951 Erythropoietin Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000394 Erythropoietin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010011459 Exenatide Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000030782 GTP binding Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108091000058 GTP-Binding Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010004460 Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100039994 Gastric inhibitory polypeptide Human genes 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101710125793 Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- LTXREWYXXSTFRX-QGZVFWFLSA-N Linagliptin Chemical compound N=1C=2N(C)C(=O)N(CC=3N=C4C=CC=CC4=C(C)N=3)C(=O)C=2N(CC#CC)C=1N1CCC[C@@H](N)C1 LTXREWYXXSTFRX-QGZVFWFLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940086609 Lipase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 3
- 108700036626 Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-O NAD(+) Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C[N+]([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O3)N3C4=NC=NC(N)=C4N=C3)O)O2)O)=C1 BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 238000011785 NMRI mouse Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000004257 Potassium Channel Human genes 0.000 description 3
- TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pravastatin Natural products C1=CC(C)C(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C2C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(O)C=C21 TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000011011 Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108050001083 Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010037150 Transient Receptor Potential Channels Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000011753 Transient Receptor Potential Channels Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960002632 acarbose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- XUFXOAAUWZOOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acarviostatin I01 Natural products OC1C(O)C(NC2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)=C2)O)C(C)OC1OC(C(C1O)O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(CO)OC(O)C(O)C1O XUFXOAAUWZOOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000011775 arteriosclerosis disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000227 basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- JUFFVKRROAPVBI-PVOYSMBESA-N chembl1210015 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@]3(O[C@@H](C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO)[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)C3)C(O)=O)O2)O)[C@@H](CO)O1)NC(C)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JUFFVKRROAPVBI-PVOYSMBESA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940105423 erythropoietin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960001519 exenatide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000013265 extended release Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960003765 fluvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960004580 glibenclamide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002471 hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960002397 linagliptin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- IHLVCKWPAMTVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;carbanide Chemical compound [Li+].[CH3-] IHLVCKWPAMTVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QKVKOFVWUHNEBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lomitapide mesylate Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O.C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C1(C(=O)NCC(F)(F)F)CCCCN(CC1)CCC1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 QKVKOFVWUHNEBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229950004994 meglitinide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003228 microsomal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 108020001213 potassium channel Proteins 0.000 description 3
- OXCMYAYHXIHQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;[2-butyl-5-chloro-3-[[4-[2-(1,2,4-triaza-3-azanidacyclopenta-1,4-dien-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]imidazol-4-yl]methanol Chemical group [K+].CCCCC1=NC(Cl)=C(CO)N1CC1=CC=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2=N[N-]N=N2)C=C1 OXCMYAYHXIHQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010029667 pramlintide Proteins 0.000 description 3
- NRKVKVQDUCJPIZ-MKAGXXMWSA-N pramlintide acetate Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NRKVKVQDUCJPIZ-MKAGXXMWSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002965 pravastatin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-PZAWKZKUSA-N pravastatin Chemical compound C1=C[C@H](C)[C@H](CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)[C@H]2[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@H](O)C=C21 TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-PZAWKZKUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960004586 rosiglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- DBGIVFWFUFKIQN-VIFPVBQESA-N (+)-Fenfluramine Chemical compound CCN[C@@H](C)CC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 DBGIVFWFUFKIQN-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+)-estrone Natural products OC1=CC=C2C3CCC(C)(C(CC4)=O)C4C3CCC2=C1 DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSOXUIXLUNBLJA-RNRVQEDPSA-N (2r)-6-[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]propyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1([C@@H](O)CN[C@@H](CC=2C=C3OC[C@@H](OC3=CC=2)C(O)=O)C)=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 XSOXUIXLUNBLJA-RNRVQEDPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IZRXENCTXNMAMI-DIJFLQFKSA-N (2s,3s,4r,5r)-2-[(2-fluorophenyl)sulfanylmethyl]-5-[6-[[(1r,2r)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl]amino]purin-9-yl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CCC[C@H]1NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CSC=2C(=CC=CC=2)F)O1 IZRXENCTXNMAMI-DIJFLQFKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N (2s,4r)-4-[(3r,5s,6r,7r,8s,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-6-ethyl-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]1[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(O)=O)CC[C@H]21 HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3alpha,5alpha,7alpha,12alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LEUWECPXLBIBOF-NZWIZOFBSA-N (4r)-4-[(3s,5r,7r,8r,9s,10s,12s,13r,14s,17r)-7,12-dihydroxy-3-[2-[4-[(8s,11r,13s,14s,17s)-17-hydroxy-13-methyl-3-oxo-17-prop-1-ynyl-1,2,6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-yl]-n-methylanilino]ethoxy]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11 Chemical compound O[C@H]([C@]1(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)CCC(O)=O)CC[C@H]1[C@@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2C3)C[C@@H]1[C@@]2(C)CC[C@@H]3OCCN(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1[C@@H]1C2=C3CCC(=O)C=C3CC[C@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@](C#CC)(O)[C@@]2(C)C1 LEUWECPXLBIBOF-NZWIZOFBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKDOHEVLSPAAHT-ORDUMYNUSA-N (e)-5-[(2r)-2-[(1r,2r,3s,4as,6r,8r,8as)-3,6-dihydroxy-1-[(z)-3-hydroxyprop-2-enoyl]-1,3,6,8-tetramethyl-4-oxo-2,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-2-yl]butoxy]-3-methyl-5-oxopent-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C1[C@](C)(O)C[C@@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@](C(=O)\C=C/O)(C)[C@@H]([C@H](COC(=O)C\C(C)=C\C(O)=O)CC)[C@](C)(O)C(=O)[C@H]21 KKDOHEVLSPAAHT-ORDUMYNUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAMJBKXUQQOLPQ-AQRBRUGDSA-N (e,3r,5s)-7-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl-(2-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)amino]-6-propan-2-ylpyrimidin-5-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)/C=C/C=1C(C(C)C)=NC(N(C)C=2N(N=CN=2)C)=NC=1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 QAMJBKXUQQOLPQ-AQRBRUGDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJKVMHDSHINWMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,2,4-tetramethyl-6-(1,2,2,4-tetramethyl-3h-quinolin-4-yl)quinoline Chemical compound CN1C(C)(C)C=C(C)C2=CC(C3(C)C4=CC=CC=C4N(C(C3)(C)C)C)=CC=C21 NJKVMHDSHINWMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DUHBLGCXLOJNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 13-dodecyl-13-methyl-1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azoniacyclopentadecane;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1(C)CCOCCOCCOCCOCC1 DUHBLGCXLOJNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indol-2-amine Chemical group C1=CC=C2NC(N)=CC2=C1 IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyrrole Natural products C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NMRWDFUZLLQSBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloro-n-(3,5-dichloro-4-quinolin-3-yloxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(C=C1Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1OC1=CN=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 NMRWDFUZLLQSBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CMLUGNQVANVZHY-POURPWNDSA-N 2-[1-[2-[(3r,5s)-1-(3-acetyloxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-7-chloro-5-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-5h-4,1-benzoxazepin-3-yl]acetyl]piperidin-4-yl]acetic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC(Cl)=CC=C3N(CC(C)(C)COC(C)=O)C(=O)[C@@H](CC(=O)N3CCC(CC(O)=O)CC3)O2)=C1OC CMLUGNQVANVZHY-POURPWNDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJRVJRYZAQYCEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[2-(5-ethyl-3,4-diphenylpyrazol-1-yl)phenyl]phenoxy]acetic acid Chemical compound CCC1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(OCC(O)=O)=C1 SJRVJRYZAQYCEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FIMRNLAKAARHPD-IRXDYDNUSA-N 2-[4-[[2-[(2s,5r)-2-cyano-5-ethynylpyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl]pyridine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1CC(C)(NCC(=O)N2[C@@H](CC[C@@H]2C#C)C#N)CCN1C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=N1 FIMRNLAKAARHPD-IRXDYDNUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJIBXDMNCMEJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]methyl-methoxycarbonylamino]acetic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)N(CC(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC(OCC2=C(OC(=N2)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)C)=C1 UJIBXDMNCMEJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OPHWZEQODBXRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[5-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-fluorophenyl]methyl-methoxycarbonylamino]acetic acid Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(CN(CC(O)=O)C(=O)OC)=CC(OCC2=C(OC(=N2)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)C)=C1 OPHWZEQODBXRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZSZELOMMMKWTM-HHHXNRCGSA-N 2-amino-n-[(1r)-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)-1-[4-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-5-(2-phenylethyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]ethyl]acetamide Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CN1C([C@@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)NC(=O)CN)=NN=C1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 OZSZELOMMMKWTM-HHHXNRCGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJJVAFUKOBZPCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-3,7,11-trienyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2OC(CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 GJJVAFUKOBZPCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ILPUOPPYSQEBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-phenoxypropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)(C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ILPUOPPYSQEBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZQLWPMZQVHJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanethioic acid S-[2-[[[1-(2-ethylbutyl)cyclohexyl]-oxomethyl]amino]phenyl] ester Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(SC(=O)C(C)C)C=1NC(=O)C1(CC(CC)CC)CCCCC1 YZQLWPMZQVHJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- VPCSYAVXDAUHLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3,5-dibromo-4-(4-hydroxy-3-propan-2-ylphenoxy)anilino]-3-oxopropanoic acid Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(C)C)=CC(OC=2C(=CC(NC(=O)CC(O)=O)=CC=2Br)Br)=C1 VPCSYAVXDAUHLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSUZWFZKTIOWTI-MQWQBNKOSA-N 4-(diethylaminomethyl)-n-[2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-n-[(3r)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]benzamide;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C1=CC(CN(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(=O)N([C@H]1CNCC1)CCC1=CC=CC=C1OC GSUZWFZKTIOWTI-MQWQBNKOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QBBIDMMGINYIJJ-FIRIVFDPSA-N 4-nitrooxybutyl (3r,5r)-7-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-5-propan-2-ylpyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)OCCCCO[N+]([O-])=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 QBBIDMMGINYIJJ-FIRIVFDPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMXDWDSNPRNUKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-ethyl-N-(1-piperidinyl)-3-pyrazolecarboxamide Chemical compound CCC=1C(C(=O)NN2CCCCC2)=NN(C=2C(=CC(Cl)=CC=2)Cl)C=1C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 HMXDWDSNPRNUKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IETKPTYAGKZLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[[4-[(3-methyl-4-oxoquinazolin-2-yl)methoxy]phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)N(C)C=1COC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O IETKPTYAGKZLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OOIQBABUMXSCPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-n-[3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1h-indol-5-yl]naphthalene-2-sulfonamide Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)NC3=CC=C4NC=C(C4=C3)CCN(C)C)=CC=C21 OOIQBABUMXSCPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CGRRUFNHHQCLDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=N1 CGRRUFNHHQCLDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRKXOBMDEXCHHD-SFHVURJKSA-N 6-(4-fluorophenoxy)-2-methyl-3-[[(3s)-1-propan-2-ylpiperidin-3-yl]methyl]quinazolin-4-one Chemical compound C1N(C(C)C)CCC[C@@H]1CN1C(=O)C2=CC(OC=3C=CC(F)=CC=3)=CC=C2N=C1C FRKXOBMDEXCHHD-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101150007969 ADORA1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 101710190443 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100034542 Acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010005094 Advanced Glycation End Products Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Biguanide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC(N)=N XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940123208 Biguanide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 101710155857 C-C motif chemokine 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 108090000312 Calcium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000003922 Calcium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004380 Cholic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- RGJOEKWQDUBAIZ-IBOSZNHHSA-N CoASH Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCS)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N)=C2N=C1 RGJOEKWQDUBAIZ-IBOSZNHHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000005636 Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010045171 Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVHXJTBJCFBINQ-ADAARDCZSA-N Dapagliflozin Chemical compound C1=CC(OCC)=CC=C1CC1=CC([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)=CC=C1Cl JVHXJTBJCFBINQ-ADAARDCZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010016626 Dipeptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100031375 Endothelial lipase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710087274 Endothelial lipase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-CBZIJGRNSA-N Estrone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-CBZIJGRNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000027487 Fructose-Bisphosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010017464 Fructose-Bisphosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furaldehyde Natural products O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091006027 G proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101800001586 Ghrelin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102400000442 Ghrelin-28 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- FAEKWTJYAYMJKF-QHCPKHFHSA-N GlucoNorm Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(OCC)=CC(CC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N2CCCCC2)=C1 FAEKWTJYAYMJKF-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100033839 Glucose-dependent insulinotropic receptor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910004039 HBF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102000003964 Histone deacetylase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000353 Histone deacetylase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000677540 Homo sapiens Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000894929 Homo sapiens Bcl-2-related protein A1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000969553 Homo sapiens Cell surface glycoprotein CD200 receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000843809 Homo sapiens Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101500028288 Homo sapiens Melanin-concentrating hormone Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000581402 Homo sapiens Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101001047090 Homo sapiens Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108091006905 Human Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000008100 Human Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000004157 Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000604 Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000035150 Hypercholesterolemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010089308 Insulin Detemir Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010065920 Insulin Lispro Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229940122355 Insulin sensitizer Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000862 Ion Channels Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000016267 Leptin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010092277 Leptin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XVVOERDUTLJJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lixisenatide Chemical compound C=1NC2=CC=CC=C2C=1CC(C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1C(CCC1)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(C)C(=O)N1C(CCC1)C(=O)N1C(CCC1)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CCSC)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(N)CC=1NC=NC=1)C(C)O)C(C)O)C(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XVVOERDUTLJJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000001796 Melanocortin 4 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000005398 Monoacylglycerol Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108020002334 Monoacylglycerol lipase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- UQOFGTXDASPNLL-XHNCKOQMSA-N Muscarine Chemical compound C[C@@H]1O[C@H](C[N+](C)(C)C)C[C@H]1O UQOFGTXDASPNLL-XHNCKOQMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010057466 NF-kappa B Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000003945 NF-kappa B Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000029748 Neuropeptide Y2 receptor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000008052 Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010075520 Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100037588 Orexin receptor type 2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000029 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100038831 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000004160 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000608 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100038955 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyruvic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C(O)=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100038246 Retinol-binding protein 4 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710137011 Retinol-binding protein 4 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000006434 Ritter amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108091006269 SLC5A2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000293869 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000239226 Scorpiones Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000207929 Scutellaria Species 0.000 description 2
- 229940083324 Selective androgen receptor modulator Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 102000015785 Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010024814 Serine C-palmitoyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108020004459 Small interfering RNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
- QNAZTOHXCZPOSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sobetirome Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=CC(OCC(O)=O)=CC=2C)C)=C1 QNAZTOHXCZPOSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000058081 Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000007637 Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010007205 Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000005157 Somatostatin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010056088 Somatostatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108090000674 Somatostatin receptor 3 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004117 Somatostatin receptor 3 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100038803 Somatotropin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 229940123495 Squalene synthetase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 102000009822 Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010020396 Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100021588 Sterol carrier protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000003673 Symporters Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000088 Symporters Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100034333 Synaptic vesicular amine transporter Human genes 0.000 description 2
- QLYKJCMUNUWAGO-GAJHUEQPSA-N Taranabant Chemical compound N([C@@H](C)[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)C=1C=C(C=CC=1)C#N)C(=O)C(C)(C)OC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=N1 QLYKJCMUNUWAGO-GAJHUEQPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 102000008316 Type 4 Melanocortin Receptor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100033220 Xanthine oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010093894 Xanthine oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- JKIHWNQARLENJW-GGMFNZDASA-N [(4r,5s)-5-amino-4-(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)cyclohexen-1-yl]-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-6,8-dihydro-5h-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7-yl]methanone;2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.C1([C@H]2CC=C(C[C@@H]2N)C(=O)N2CC=3N(C(=NN=3)C(F)(F)F)CC2)=CC(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1 JKIHWNQARLENJW-GGMFNZDASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N adenosine Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001351 alkyl iodides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSBOMTDTBDDKMP-OAHLLOKOSA-N alogliptin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C#N)C=1CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C=C1N1CCC[C@@H](N)C1 ZSBOMTDTBDDKMP-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002269 analeptic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000692 anti-sense effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002830 appetite depressant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- KGSXMPPBFPAXLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azilsartan Chemical compound CCOC1=NC2=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C2N1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NOC(=O)N1 KGSXMPPBFPAXLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000516 bezafibrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IIBYAHWJQTYFKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N bezafibrate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)(C)C(O)=O)=CC=C1CCNC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 IIBYAHWJQTYFKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003613 bile acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019577 caloric intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012054 celltiter-glo Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004978 chinese hamster ovary cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003354 cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940125881 cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N cholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019416 cholic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960002471 cholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 2
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N curcumin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C(=O)CC(=O)\C=C\C=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003834 dapagliflozin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N deoxycholic acid Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004597 dexfenfluramine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000018823 dietary intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002934 diuretic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940030606 diuretics Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229950011248 eprotirome Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 108091008577 estrogen receptors gamma Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229960003399 estrone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CTKZZUXRWBCFEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[[[5-[2-amino-5-(2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]furan-2-yl]-[(1-ethoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)amino]phosphoryl]amino]-2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound O1C(P(=O)(NC(C)(C)C(=O)OCC)NC(C)(C)C(=O)OCC)=CC=C1C1=C(C(=O)C(C)(C)C)SC(N)=N1 CTKZZUXRWBCFEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012091 fetal bovine serum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000030136 gastric emptying Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GNKDKYIHGQKHHM-RJKLHVOGSA-N ghrelin Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CN)COC(=O)CCCCCCC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GNKDKYIHGQKHHM-RJKLHVOGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- WIGIZIANZCJQQY-RUCARUNLSA-N glimepiride Chemical compound O=C1C(CC)=C(C)CN1C(=O)NCCC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)N[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](C)CC2)C=C1 WIGIZIANZCJQQY-RUCARUNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004346 glimepiride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZJJXGWJIGJFDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glipizide Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CN=C1C(=O)NCCC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC2CCCCC2)C=C1 ZJJXGWJIGJFDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001381 glipizide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003877 glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004110 gluconeogenesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZNNLBTZKUZBEKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyburide Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(=O)NCCC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC2CCCCC2)C=C1 ZNNLBTZKUZBEKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108091008039 hormone receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- WNRQPCUGRUFHED-DETKDSODSA-N humalog Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN)[C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)C1=CN=CN1 WNRQPCUGRUFHED-DETKDSODSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N hydrocortisone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KPRTURMJVWXURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ibrolipim Chemical compound C1=CC(CP(=O)(OCC)OCC)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1C#N KPRTURMJVWXURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003914 insulin secretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940060975 lantus Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940039781 leptin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NRYBAZVQPHGZNS-ZSOCWYAHSA-N leptin Chemical compound O=C([C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(C)C)CCSC)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(O)=O NRYBAZVQPHGZNS-ZSOCWYAHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGOZVNFCFYTPAZ-IOXYNQHNSA-N levemir Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=2N=CNC=2)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=2N=CNC=2)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C)C)CSSC[C@@H]2NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN)[C@@H](C)CC)C(C)C)CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC2=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 UGOZVNFCFYTPAZ-IOXYNQHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001294 liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000004311 liver X receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000865 liver X receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229960001093 lixisenatide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 108010004367 lixisenatide Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229950009585 melogliptin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 108091060283 mipomersen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000003551 muscarinic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000219 mutagenic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003505 mutagenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UPQJYTNALAIZCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)-7-piperidin-4-yloxy-1-benzofuran-5-sulfonamide Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(OC2CCNCC2)=C(OC=C2)C2=C1 UPQJYTNALAIZCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UMGBPWZCCHVQAY-WJOKGBTCSA-N n-[(1r)-1-[4-[(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-5-(2-phenylethyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl]pyridine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CN1C([C@@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)NC(=O)C=2N=CC=CC=2)=NN=C1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 UMGBPWZCCHVQAY-WJOKGBTCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWRYEBIUSXZEDO-WJOKGBTCSA-N n-[(1r)-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)-1-[4-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-5-(2-phenylethyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]ethyl]piperidine-4-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CN1C([C@@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)NC(=O)C2CCNCC2)=NN=C1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWRYEBIUSXZEDO-WJOKGBTCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RHLMXWCISNJNDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-[3-[[5-[3-(dimethylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]sulfonylamino]anilino]ethyl]-3-methylbenzamide Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C(=O)N(C)C)C=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(C=1)=CC=CC=1NCCNC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C)=C1 RHLMXWCISNJNDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYFZLPNRKWCIBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[[4-(3h-benzimidazol-5-yloxy)phenyl]methyl]-4,4-dimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(C)(C)CCC1NCC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(NC=N2)C2=C1 GYFZLPNRKWCIBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010089579 neuropeptide Y2 receptor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020660 omega-3 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940012843 omega-3 fatty acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004031 partial agonist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHHVAGZRUROJKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phentermine Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 DHHVAGZRUROJKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- HKOOXMFOFWEVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylhydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=CC=CC=C1 HKOOXMFOFWEVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940067157 phenylhydrazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960005095 pioglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002797 pitavastatin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VGYFMXBACGZSIL-MCBHFWOFSA-N pitavastatin Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)\C=C\C1=C(C2CC2)N=C2C=CC=CC2=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 VGYFMXBACGZSIL-MCBHFWOFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 235000019833 protease Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108060006633 protein kinase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002354 repaglinide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- XMSXOLDPMGMWTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N rivoglitazone Chemical compound CN1C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N=C1COC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O XMSXOLDPMGMWTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVYADZUPLLSGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N salsalate Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O WVYADZUPLLSGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGJUIPDUBHWZPV-SGTAVMJGSA-N saxagliptin Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC(C3)CC2(O)CC13[C@H](N)C(=O)N1[C@H](C#N)C[C@@H]2C[C@@H]21 QGJUIPDUBHWZPV-SGTAVMJGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004937 saxagliptin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 108010033693 saxagliptin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000000849 selective androgen receptor modulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940126570 serotonin reuptake inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003772 serotonin uptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- MFFMDFFZMYYVKS-SECBINFHSA-N sitagliptin Chemical compound C([C@H](CC(=O)N1CC=2N(C(=NN=2)C(F)(F)F)CC1)N)C1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1F MFFMDFFZMYYVKS-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium periodate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]I(=O)(=O)=O JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NHXLMOGPVYXJNR-ATOGVRKGSA-N somatostatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)N)C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NHXLMOGPVYXJNR-ATOGVRKGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000553 somatostatin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 108090000680 somatostatin receptor 5 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004115 somatostatin receptor 5 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- DUYSYHSSBDVJSM-KRWOKUGFSA-N sphingosine 1-phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N)COP(O)(O)=O DUYSYHSSBDVJSM-KRWOKUGFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004059 squalene synthase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- IASPBORHOMBZMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N srt1720 Chemical compound C=1N=C2C=CC=CC2=NC=1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1C(N=C1SC=2)=CN1C=2CN1CCNCC1 IASPBORHOMBZMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003637 steroidlike Effects 0.000 description 2
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013595 supernatant sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229950003174 surinabant Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930003802 tocotrienol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000011731 tocotrienol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019148 tocotrienols Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N troglitazone Chemical compound C1CC=2C(C)=C(O)C(C)=C(C)C=2OC1(C)COC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001641 troglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-NTKDMRAZSA-N troglitazone Natural products C([C@@]1(OC=2C(C)=C(C(=C(C)C=2CC1)O)C)C)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C[C@H]1SC(=O)NC1=O GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-NTKDMRAZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- INASOKQDNHHMRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N turofexorate isopropyl Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)C(C2=CC=CC=C2N2)=C2C(C(=O)OC(C)C)=CN1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1 INASOKQDNHHMRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- DBGIVFWFUFKIQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+-)-Fenfluramine Chemical group CCNC(C)CC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 DBGIVFWFUFKIQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+-)-Isoprenaline Chemical compound CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWVUOVZJBNQSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+-)-Tropan-3endo,6exo-diol Natural products C1C(O)CC2C(O)CC1N2C QWVUOVZJBNQSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N (-)-norepinephrine Chemical compound NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQRTGZPCYYQLE-RTBURBONSA-N (1r,2r)-2-[4-[3-fluoro-4-[(6-fluoro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)amino]phenyl]benzoyl]cyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)C1=CC=C(C=2C=C(F)C(NC=3SC4=CC(F)=CC=C4N=3)=CC=2)C=C1 IOQRTGZPCYYQLE-RTBURBONSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSMNRYCSBFHEMQ-KCJUWKMLSA-N (1r,5s)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC=C1[C@]1(CNC2)[C@@H]2C1 BSMNRYCSBFHEMQ-KCJUWKMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMLNREUXXJESLR-BYPYZUCNSA-N (2r)-2-(ethylamino)-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid Chemical compound CCN[C@@H](CS)C(O)=O SMLNREUXXJESLR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBSABEYSGXPBTA-RXSVEWSESA-N (2r)-2-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2h-furan-5-one;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O DBSABEYSGXPBTA-RXSVEWSESA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRHOBXXCNBZJRX-IBGZPJMESA-N (2s)-2-[[3-[[4-(4-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]methylcarbamoyl]-4-methoxyphenyl]methyl]butanoic acid Chemical compound CC[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(=O)NCC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC(F)=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 VRHOBXXCNBZJRX-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMNXBQPRODZJQR-DITALETJSA-N (2s)-2-cyclopentyl-2-[3-[(2,4-dimethylpyrido[2,3-b]indol-9-yl)methyl]phenyl]-n-[(1r)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl]acetamide Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C=2C=CC=C(C=2)CN2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=C(C)C=C(N=C32)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCC1 AMNXBQPRODZJQR-DITALETJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMALPFDUOAVVMB-JTQLQIEISA-N (2s)-6-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C2C[C@@H](N)CCC2=C1 WMALPFDUOAVVMB-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOGFVTREOLYCPF-KXNHARMFSA-N (2s,3r)-2-[[(2r)-1-[(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoic acid Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN LOGFVTREOLYCPF-KXNHARMFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSCCDBFHNMXNME-WDCZJNDASA-N (2s,3s,4r)-2-amino-4-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O OSCCDBFHNMXNME-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3beta,5beta,7alpha)-3,7-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)CC2 RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLCHESOMJVGDSJ-LOYHVIPDSA-N (3r)-n-[(2r)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-[4-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)piperidin-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C[C@H](C(=O)N1CCC(CN2N=CN=C2)(CC1)C1CCCCC1)NC(=O)[C@@H]1NCC2=CC=CC=C2C1 HLCHESOMJVGDSJ-LOYHVIPDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVQFGIGAFBTYGP-ZDUSSCGKSA-N (6s)-6-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C[C@@H](NC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCC2=C1 OVQFGIGAFBTYGP-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N (R)-adrenaline Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182837 (R)-adrenaline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (R)-carnitine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC([O-])=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSMXQKNUPPXBRG-SECBINFHSA-N (R)-lisofylline Chemical group O=C1N(CCCC[C@H](O)C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 NSMXQKNUPPXBRG-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-AWEZNQCLSA-N (S)-chloroquine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2C(N[C@@H](C)CCCN(CC)CC)=CC=NC2=C1 WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZENZJGDPWWLORF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Z)-9-Octadecenal Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC=O ZENZJGDPWWLORF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTAGXJQHJQUOOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(C(=O)O)CCC2=C1 NTAGXJQHJQUOOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDOXIAUNJCHYRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylazetidin-2-one Chemical group O=C1C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 VDOXIAUNJCHYRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOLHRFLIXVQPSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazolidin-4-one Chemical compound O=C1CSCN1 NOLHRFLIXVQPSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOBPZXTWZATXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1CSC(=O)N1 ZOBPZXTWZATXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZVHFGGPXITZGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diphenylazetidin-2-one Chemical group O=C1CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 HZVHFGGPXITZGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKMNUCBQGHFICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5-naphthyridin-4-yl)urea Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(NC(=O)NC3=CC=C4N=C(OC4=C3)C)=CC=NC2=C1 AKMNUCBQGHFICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKZHSJNLPPAJKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-3-(1,5-naphthyridin-4-yl)urea;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CN=C2C(NC(=O)NC3=CC=C4N=C(OC4=C3)C)=CC=NC2=C1 BKZHSJNLPPAJKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMXRTIUYSHDUTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-ethyl-1-benzofuran-7-yl)piperazine;oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O.C1=CC=C2C(CC)=COC2=C1N1CCNCC1 OMXRTIUYSHDUTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010029190 1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000001556 1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- JQJBQVRTSMGDJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(C)(C)C JQJBQVRTSMGDJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBDOVKSLMMFQPJ-IUPOGUASSA-N 1-[2-[(4ar,11r,11as)-11-methyl-9-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3,4,4a,5,6,11,11a-octahydropyrido[4,3-b]carbazol-2-yl]ethyl]cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid;benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.C([C@@H]1[C@H](C=2C3=CC(=CC=C3NC=2C[C@H]1CC1)C(F)(F)F)C)N1CCC1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 IBDOVKSLMMFQPJ-IUPOGUASSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAFVVBJEQCPDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-amino-2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl]-3-[1-butyl-4-[3-(3-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]-2-oxo-1,8-naphthyridin-3-yl]urea;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)C=1C=C(N)C=C(C(C)C)C=1NC(=O)NC=1C(=O)N(CCCC)C2=NC=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC(OCCCO)=C1 FAFVVBJEQCPDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQQSLUJJBRKRHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[[3-methoxy-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzoyl]amino]-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinoline-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NC2C3=CC=CC=C3CCN2C(O)=O)=C1C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 QQQSLUJJBRKRHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMGZJNCIQHGNLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[bis(2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxymethoxy)phosphoryl]-4-(3-phenoxyphenyl)butane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)OCOP(=O)(OCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C)C(S(O)(=O)=O)CCCC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PMGZJNCIQHGNLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- IVVNZDGDKPTYHK-JTQLQIEISA-N 1-cyano-2-[(2s)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl]-3-pyridin-4-ylguanidine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[C@H](C)N=C(NC#N)NC1=CC=NC=C1 IVVNZDGDKPTYHK-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKIDNYUZJPMKFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iododecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCI SKIDNYUZJPMKFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVUXYQHEESDGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,16-diol Chemical compound C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CC(O)CC1(C)CC2 KVUXYQHEESDGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUSVHVVOABZHAH-OPZWKQDFSA-N 1aw8p77hkj Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@H]3[C@@H]4C[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@]4(CC[C@@H]3[C@@]2(C)CC1)C)[C@@H]([C@]1(OC[C@H](C)CC1)O5)C)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUSVHVVOABZHAH-OPZWKQDFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDTQLPXXNHLBAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]acetic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(C(=O)O)OC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 DDTQLPXXNHLBAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTAKZNRDSPNOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;hydron;prop-2-en-1-amine;n-prop-2-enyldecan-1-amine;trimethyl-[6-(prop-2-enylamino)hexyl]azanium;dichloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].NCC=C.ClCC1CO1.CCCCCCCCCCNCC=C.C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCNCC=C VTAKZNRDSPNOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVKUCNQGESRUCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hydroxyethyl 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO JVKUCNQGESRUCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQSRVYUCBOCBLY-XOOFNSLWSA-N 2-[(2r)-butan-2-yl]-4-[4-[4-[4-[[(2s,4r)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanylmethyl]-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-one Chemical compound O=C1N([C@H](C)CC)N=CN1C1=CC=C(N2CCN(CC2)C=2C=CC(OC[C@H]3O[C@@](CSC=4N(C=NN=4)C)(OC3)C=3C=CC(Cl)=CC=3)=CC=2)C=C1 HQSRVYUCBOCBLY-XOOFNSLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTRNLFYTHYWDAU-KDOFPFPSSA-N 2-[(3s,5r)-5-[6-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)hexyl]-3-hydroxy-2-oxooxolan-3-yl]acetic acid Chemical compound O1C(=O)[C@](CC(=O)O)(O)C[C@H]1CCCCCCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl YTRNLFYTHYWDAU-KDOFPFPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFTMKHWBOINJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1-(5-ethylpyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl]-4-[[4-(tetrazol-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl]-1,3-thiazole Chemical compound N1=CC(CC)=CN=C1N1CCC(C=2SC=C(COC=3C=CC(=CC=3)N3N=NN=C3)N=2)CC1 NFTMKHWBOINJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQKIWLUUQGGHDS-SSEXGKCCSA-N 2-amino-n-[(1r)-1-[4-benzyl-5-[3-(1h-indol-3-yl)propyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound C1([C@@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)NC(=O)C(C)(N)C)=NN=C(CCCC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)N1CC1=CC=CC=C1 NQKIWLUUQGGHDS-SSEXGKCCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABSNGNUGFQIDDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzylguanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=NCC1=CC=CC=C1 ABSNGNUGFQIDDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000069 2-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ZWJCOMNQUHSECN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-ethyl-4-oxopyran-3-olate;oxygen(2-);vanadium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[V+4].CCC=1OC=CC(=O)C=1[O-].CCC=1OC=CC(=O)C=1[O-] ZWJCOMNQUHSECN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000006022 2-methyl-2-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- GATAOJICMOPURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pentan-3-yl-1-propylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CCC)C(C(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 GATAOJICMOPURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GVIYUKXRXPXMQM-BPXGDYAESA-N 221231-10-3 Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC1)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)C(C)C)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 GVIYUKXRXPXMQM-BPXGDYAESA-N 0.000 description 1
- WONYMNWUJVKVII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid Chemical compound IC1=CC(CCC(=O)O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 WONYMNWUJVKVII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGRCWJPBLWGNPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-n-(4-chlorophenyl)-n,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1N(C)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1Cl IGRCWJPBLWGNPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUTDZALQGPVYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound COc1ccc(cc1)-c1ccoc1C=O JUTDZALQGPVYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOXXTZDTECBLDK-FRWZKJFKSA-N 3-(diaminomethylidene)-1,1-dimethylguanidine (2R)-1-[2-[(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N.OC12CC3CC(C1)CC(C3)(C2)NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C#N UOXXTZDTECBLDK-FRWZKJFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDBARDSTXONTFS-MNDUUMEHSA-N 3-[3-[3-methyl-4-[[5-propan-2-yl-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1h-pyrazol-4-yl]methyl]phenoxy]propylamino]propanamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCCCNCCC(N)=O)C=C(C)C=1CC1=C(C(C)C)NN=C1O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O MDBARDSTXONTFS-MNDUUMEHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOQHWNPVNXSDDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(C#N)=CN2C(Br)=CN=C21 UOQHWNPVNXSDDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- YMPALHOKRBVHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-{5-methoxy-1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-1h-indol-3-yl}propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)N1C2=CC=C(OC)C=C2C(CCC(O)=O)=C1 YMPALHOKRBVHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEFKQWGOXKOCHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1-bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl]-n,n-dimethylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 XEFKQWGOXKOCHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBQLYIISSRXYKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-yl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-1,2-oxazolidine-3,5-dione Chemical compound CC=1OC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC=1CCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1C(=O)NOC1=O QBQLYIISSRXYKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCIWHVKGVVQHIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-cyclohexylbenzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 QCIWHVKGVVQHIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004217 4-methoxybenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 102100036009 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000049773 5-HT2A Serotonin Receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010072564 5-HT2A Serotonin Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006902 5-HT2C Serotonin Receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010072553 5-HT2C Serotonin Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091005435 5-HT6 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AJJISMLYIMQAKP-OAHLLOKOSA-N 5-[4-[(2r)-4-(3-fluoro-4-methylsulfonylphenoxy)butan-2-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound CC(C)C1=NOC(N2CCC(CC2)[C@H](C)CCOC=2C=C(F)C(=CC=2)S(C)(=O)=O)=N1 AJJISMLYIMQAKP-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAAXAFNSRADSMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[[4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-yl)ethoxy]-1-benzothiophen-7-yl]methyl]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC=1OC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC=1CCOC(C=1C=CSC=11)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O HAAXAFNSRADSMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100022738 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710138638 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000040125 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor family Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091032151 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor family Proteins 0.000 description 1
- SDMBRCRVFFHJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(5-carboxy-5-methylhexoxy)-2,2-dimethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)(C)CCCCOCCCCC(C)(C)C(O)=O SDMBRCRVFFHJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCBMECSFDVUYQN-ROUUACIJSA-N 6-[[3-[(2s)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2s)-1-phenylpropan-2-yl]oxybenzoyl]amino]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C([C@H](C)OC=1C=C(C=C(C=1)C(=O)NC=1N=CC(=CC=1)C(O)=O)O[C@@H](C)COC)C1=CC=CC=C1 OCBMECSFDVUYQN-ROUUACIJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLLWQNAEYILHLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-chloro-3-methyl-1$l^{6},2,4-benzothiadiazin-2-ide 1,1-dioxide;2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO.C1=C(Cl)C=C2S(=O)(=O)[N-]C(C)=NC2=C1 YLLWQNAEYILHLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFDKKNHCYWNNNQ-YOGANYHLSA-N 75976-10-2 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](C)N)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HFDKKNHCYWNNNQ-YOGANYHLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150092476 ABCA1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100031585 ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010070305 AOD 9604 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000055510 ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700005241 ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004146 ATP citrate synthases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000662 ATP citrate synthases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000000452 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010016219 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101710102367 Acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710159293 Acyl-CoA desaturase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108060003345 Adrenergic Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000017910 Adrenergic receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000000275 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- HJCMDXDYPOUFDY-WHFBIAKZSA-N Ala-Gln Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(N)=O HJCMDXDYPOUFDY-WHFBIAKZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940123338 Aldosterone synthase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UXOWGYHJODZGMF-QORCZRPOSA-N Aliskiren Chemical compound COCCCOC1=CC(C[C@@H](C[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(C)(C)C(N)=O)C(C)C)=CC=C1OC UXOWGYHJODZGMF-QORCZRPOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940077274 Alpha glucosidase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102100022622 Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940122816 Amylase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124035 Amylin receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940123471 Angiotensin II agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 101710095342 Apolipoprotein B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007592 Apolipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010071619 Apolipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000001318 Ataxia-telangiectasia variant Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PTQXTEKSNBVPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Avasimibe Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC(C(C)C)=CC(C(C)C)=C1CC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)OC1=C(C(C)C)C=CC=C1C(C)C PTQXTEKSNBVPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002237 B-cell of pancreatic islet Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000009606 Bidens pilosa plant extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010018763 Biotin carboxylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940123694 Bombesin receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102100028628 Bombesin receptor subtype-3 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101800004538 Bradykinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102400000967 Bradykinin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Natural products CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100021943 C-C motif chemokine 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000002126 C01EB10 - Adenosine Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZTCAXVVNVGISAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(CC1)CCCCCCCCCCBr Chemical compound C1(CC1)CCCCCCCCCCBr ZTCAXVVNVGISAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVWPRERHHQQZAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC(=NC=C1O)CCCCCCCCCC(=O)O Chemical compound C1=CC(=NC=C1O)CCCCCCCCCC(=O)O DVWPRERHHQQZAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004497 CCR2 Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010017312 CCR2 Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000017927 CHRM1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- HPWIKAVXRHCHPE-BQAIUKQQSA-N CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N.C1=C(C(O)=O)C(OCC)=CC(CC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N2CCCCC2)=C1 Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N.C1=C(C(O)=O)C(OCC)=CC(CC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N2CCCCC2)=C1 HPWIKAVXRHCHPE-BQAIUKQQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010006931 CNTO 736 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940127291 Calcium channel antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000003846 Carbonic anhydrases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000209 Carbonic anhydrases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GUYMHFIHHOEFOA-ZCPGHIKRSA-N Carmegliptin Chemical compound N1([C@H]2CN3CCC=4C=C(C(=CC=4[C@@H]3C[C@@H]2N)OC)OC)C[C@@H](CF)CC1=O GUYMHFIHHOEFOA-ZCPGHIKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100027943 Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000044956 Ceramide glucosyltransferases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010017573 Ceramide kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100036158 Ceramide kinase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000000018 Chemokine CCL2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940122502 Cholesterol absorption inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001268 Cholestyramine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004381 Choline salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010009685 Cholinergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150073075 Chrm1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000037088 Chromosome Breakage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090000317 Chymotrypsin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920002905 Colesevelam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101800000414 Corticotropin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100038018 Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100030851 Cortistatin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000034534 Cotransporters Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020003264 Cotransporters Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000699802 Cricetulus griseus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000011231 Crohn disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- TVZCRIROJQEVOT-CABCVRRESA-N Cromakalim Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2C3=CC(=CC=C3OC([C@H]2O)(C)C)C#N)CCCC1=O TVZCRIROJQEVOT-CABCVRRESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000001189 Cyclic Peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010069514 Cyclic Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010073542 Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000007342 Diabetic Nephropathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101100522280 Dictyostelium discoideum ptpA1-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940094659 Dopamine reuptake inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006144 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle's medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100029503 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM32 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010059378 Endopeptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005593 Endopeptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940121889 Endothelin A receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000010180 Endothelin receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050001739 Endothelin receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100036725 Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010007005 Estrogen Receptor alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100038595 Estrogen receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTQBXNHDCUEHJF-XWLPCZSASA-N Exenatide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HTQBXNHDCUEHJF-XWLPCZSASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010043222 Exubera Proteins 0.000 description 1
- JNCMHMUGTWEVOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N F[CH]F Chemical compound F[CH]F JNCMHMUGTWEVOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000018711 Facilitative Glucose Transport Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000036181 Fatty Acid Elongases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010058732 Fatty Acid Elongases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100030431 Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000003973 Fibroblast growth factor 21 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000376 Fibroblast growth factor 21 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003969 Fibroblast growth factor 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000381 Fibroblast growth factor 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100040133 Free fatty acid receptor 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100040134 Free fatty acid receptor 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100025353 G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940100607 GPR119 agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102100022086 GRB2-related adapter protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940121970 Galanin receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- CEAZRRDELHUEMR-URQXQFDESA-N Gentamicin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(C)NC)CC[C@@H](N)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](NC)[C@@](C)(O)CO2)O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]1N CEAZRRDELHUEMR-URQXQFDESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182566 Gentamicin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 102000000393 Ghrelin Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010016122 Ghrelin Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010063919 Glucagon Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100040890 Glucagon receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010021582 Glucokinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091052347 Glucose transporter family Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108050002557 Glucose-dependent insulinotropic receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100024017 Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100025376 Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710199766 Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010001483 Glycogen Synthase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010051975 Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000019058 Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000003886 Glycoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000288 Glycoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940122069 Glycosidase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000001895 Gonadotropin Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010040490 Gonadotropin Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940123995 Growth hormone secretagogue receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N H-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg-OH Natural products NC(N)=NCCCC(N)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(=O)N1C(C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)N2C(CCC2)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCCN=C(N)N)C(O)=O)CCC1 QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004373 HOAc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108010081348 HRT1 protein Hairy Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100021881 Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000012981 Hank's balanced salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010019280 Heart failures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000000950 Hippophae rhamnoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003145 Hippophae rhamnoides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101000783681 Homo sapiens 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000777636 Homo sapiens ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000972916 Homo sapiens Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000859570 Homo sapiens Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000878678 Homo sapiens Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000634982 Homo sapiens E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM32 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001060274 Homo sapiens Fibroblast growth factor 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000890668 Homo sapiens Free fatty acid receptor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000890672 Homo sapiens Free fatty acid receptor 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000857733 Homo sapiens G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000788682 Homo sapiens GATA-type zinc finger protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000900690 Homo sapiens GRB2-related adapter protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000996752 Homo sapiens Glucose-dependent insulinotropic receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000904259 Homo sapiens Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000978418 Homo sapiens Melanocortin receptor 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000604005 Homo sapiens NPC1-like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000634561 Homo sapiens Neuropeptide FF receptor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001121539 Homo sapiens P2Y purinoceptor 14 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000983116 Homo sapiens Pancreatic prohormone Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001067946 Homo sapiens Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000829127 Homo sapiens Somatostatin receptor type 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000851700 Homo sapiens Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000890887 Homo sapiens Trace amine-associated receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000844521 Homo sapiens Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001504224 Hoodia gordonii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940123486 Hormone receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000002265 Human Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000521 Human Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000854 Human Growth Hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010090613 Human Regular Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000013266 Human Regular Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100450577 Human herpesvirus 6B (strain Z29) U74 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010058222 Hypertensive cardiomyopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020853 Hypertonic bladder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003458 I kappa b kinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000022559 Inflammatory bowel disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010057186 Insulin Glargine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- COCFEDIXXNGUNL-RFKWWTKHSA-N Insulin glargine Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H]1CSSC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3NC=NC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC1=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)=O)CSSC[C@@H](C(N2)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)C1=CN=CN1 COCFEDIXXNGUNL-RFKWWTKHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940122199 Insulin secretagogue Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000003777 Interleukin-1 beta Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000193 Interleukin-1 beta Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010022998 Irritability Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010041872 Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000036770 Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010055717 JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000012825 JNK inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940118135 JNK inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000012359 KCNQ Potassium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010022282 KCNQ Potassium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AZMOQIQEIZNEFH-ZETCQYMHSA-N L-Glutamic acid n-butyl ester Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O AZMOQIQEIZNEFH-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHSGPCFBGJHPCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-leucine-L-tyrosine Natural products CC(C)CC(N)C(=O)NC(C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LHSGPCFBGJHPCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000000853 LDL receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010001831 LDL receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000178870 Lavandula angustifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010663 Lavandula angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LHSGPCFBGJHPCY-STQMWFEESA-N Leu-Tyr Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LHSGPCFBGJHPCY-STQMWFEESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003960 Ligases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000364 Ligases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000629412 Ligustrum robustum Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000057248 Lipoprotein(a) Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010033266 Lipoprotein(a) Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004895 Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001030 Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100021174 Lipoyl synthase, mitochondrial Human genes 0.000 description 1
- YSDQQAXHVYUZIW-QCIJIYAXSA-N Liraglutide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCNC(=O)CC[C@H](NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YSDQQAXHVYUZIW-QCIJIYAXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010019598 Liraglutide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010011449 Long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940122014 Lyase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N Lycopene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1C(=C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=C)CCCC2(C)C UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100026299 MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710139011 MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPXSCAKFGYXMGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Mazindol Chemical group N12CCN=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C1(O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 ZPXSCAKFGYXMGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100023724 Melanocortin receptor 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000047724 Member 2 Solute Carrier Family 12 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBAQFPQHRJAVAV-ULAWRXDQSA-N Miglitol Chemical compound OCCN1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1CO IBAQFPQHRJAVAV-ULAWRXDQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000019695 Migraine disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101000900711 Mus musculus GRB2-related adaptor protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UULIGRNKXHCLQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[[4-[[(4-amino-2-quinazolinyl)amino]methyl]cyclohexyl]methyl]-1-naphthalenesulfonamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=NC(NCC3CCC(CNS(=O)(=O)C=4C5=CC=CC=C5C=CC=4)CC3)=NC2=C1 UULIGRNKXHCLQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102100031455 NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100030710 NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrial Human genes 0.000 description 1
- DLTRKOONGHEXQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N NN.[Li+] Chemical compound NN.[Li+] DLTRKOONGHEXQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100038441 NPC1-like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- OKJHGOPITGTTIM-DEOSSOPVSA-N Naveglitazar Chemical compound C1=CC(C[C@H](OC)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OCCCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 OKJHGOPITGTTIM-DEOSSOPVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000028 Neprilysin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100029050 Neuropeptide FF receptor 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000028435 Neuropeptide Y4 receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010002245 Neuropeptide Y4 receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000028582 Neuropeptide Y5 receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046593 Neuropeptide Y5 receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000004485 Nijmegen breakage syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010015847 Non-Receptor Type 1 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010036875 ORMD-0801 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000004166 Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000003840 Opioid Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000137 Opioid Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000002512 Orexin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050000742 Orexin Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000008834 Orexin receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050001089 Orexin receptor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100028141 Orexin/Hypocretin receptor type 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000009722 Overactive Urinary Bladder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033307 Overweight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102400000319 Oxyntomodulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101800001388 Oxyntomodulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100025808 P2Y purinoceptor 14 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010014865 PLIalpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150014691 PPARA gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150006497 PTP-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101800001672 Peptide YY(3-36) Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940122907 Phosphatase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940123898 Phospholipase A2 inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124154 Phospholipase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010035004 Pickwickian syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000029797 Prion Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091000054 Prion Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710180553 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000009389 Prostaglandin D receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050000258 Prostaglandin D receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108050008032 Prostaglandin DP receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000015433 Prostaglandin Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010050183 Prostaglandin Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000001253 Protein Kinase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000002727 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100034503 Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091030071 RNAI Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000700157 Rattus norvegicus Species 0.000 description 1
- QNVSXXGDAPORNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Resveratrol Natural products OC1=CC=CC(C=CC=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 QNVSXXGDAPORNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091005770 SIRT3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091006620 SLC12A2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091006277 SLC5A1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000930003 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000948733 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) Probable phospholipid translocase non-catalytic subunit CRF1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100037310 Serine/threonine-protein kinase D1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000019208 Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010012996 Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010041191 Sirtuin 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000032140 Sleepiness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010052164 Sodium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000018674 Sodium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000000070 Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010080361 Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000058090 Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920001304 Solutol HS 15 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102100023802 Somatostatin receptor type 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710138332 Somatostatin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010041349 Somnolence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100036832 Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710126903 Sterol carrier protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKSMVPNZHBRNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinobucol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(SC(C)(C)SC=2C=C(C(OC(=O)CCC(O)=O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 RKSMVPNZHBRNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710164184 Synaptic vesicular amine transporter Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003691 T-Type Calcium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000030 T-Type Calcium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940127103 TKS-1225 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000003566 TRPV1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010025083 TRPV1 receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003568 TRPV3 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000011102 Thera Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710203399 Thiamin pyrophosphokinase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100037495 Thiamin pyrophosphokinase 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940123464 Thiazolidinedione Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLRGJRBPOGGCBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tolbutamide Chemical compound CCCCNC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 JLRGJRBPOGGCBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJADKKWYZYXHBB-XBWDGYHZSA-N Topiramic acid Chemical group C1O[C@@]2(COS(N)(=O)=O)OC(C)(C)O[C@H]2[C@@H]2OC(C)(C)O[C@@H]21 KJADKKWYZYXHBB-XBWDGYHZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100040114 Trace amine-associated receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- LUKBXSAWLPMMSZ-OWOJBTEDSA-N Trans-resveratrol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 LUKBXSAWLPMMSZ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003929 Transaminases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000340 Transaminases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004357 Transferases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000992 Transferases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150016206 Trpv1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150043371 Trpv3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940116984 Tryptophan 5 hydroxylase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102100034130 Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 8-like protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710177305 Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 8-like protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100033001 Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric acid Natural products N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2NC(=O)NC21 TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010059705 Urocortins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005630 Urocortins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100038286 Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710137651 Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100023048 Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNAMDJVUJCJOIX-IUNFJCKHSA-N [(1s,3r,7s,8s,8ar)-8-[2-[(2r,4r)-4-hydroxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl]-3,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl] 2,2-dimethylbutanoate;(3r,4s)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-[(3s)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl]-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)azetidin-2-one Chemical group C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1.N1([C@@H]([C@H](C1=O)CC[C@H](O)C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 PNAMDJVUJCJOIX-IUNFJCKHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXNCIERBDJYIQT-PRDVQWLOSA-N [(2r,3s,4s,5r,6s)-6-[2-[3-(1-benzofuran-5-yl)propanoyl]-3-hydroxy-5-methylphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COC(=O)OC)O[C@H]1OC1=CC(C)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(OC=C2)C2=C1 BXNCIERBDJYIQT-PRDVQWLOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNDHRUPPBXRELB-UHFFFAOYSA-M [4-[3-(4-ethylphenyl)butyl]phenyl]-trimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(CC)=CC=C1C(C)CCC1=CC=C([N+](C)(C)C)C=C1 KNDHRUPPBXRELB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- USDAKWQVDUFVGH-BLPRJPCASA-N [C@@H]1([C@H](O)[C@H](OP(=O)(O)O)[C@@H](COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCS)O1)N1C=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC12.C(C)(=N)N Chemical compound [C@@H]1([C@H](O)[C@H](OP(=O)(O)O)[C@@H](COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCS)O1)N1C=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC12.C(C)(=N)N USDAKWQVDUFVGH-BLPRJPCASA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSPMJHKUXSQDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[N] Chemical group [N].[N] KSPMJHKUXSQDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEDTWOLJNQYBPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Na].[Na] Chemical compound [Na].[Na].[Na] YEDTWOLJNQYBPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GAMPNQJDUFQVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;phthalic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O GAMPNQJDUFQVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylcholine Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004373 acetylcholine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000034337 acetylcholine receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- YKIOKAURTKXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N adams's catalyst Chemical compound O=[Pt]=O YKIOKAURTKXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005305 adenosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001789 adipocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000577 adipose tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004733 albiglutide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OGWAVGNOAMXIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N albiglutide Chemical compound O=C(O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(N)CC=1(N=CNC=1))CCC(=O)O)C(O)C)CC2(=CC=CC=C2))C(O)C)CO)CC(=O)O)C(C)C)CO)CO)CC3(=CC=C(O)C=C3))CC(C)C)CCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)N)C)C)CCCCN)CCC(=O)O)CC4(=CC=CC=C4))C(CC)C)C)CC=6(C5(=C(C=CC=C5)NC=6)))CC(C)C)C(C)C)CCCCN)CCCNC(=N)N OGWAVGNOAMXIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DAYKLWSKQJBGCS-NRFANRHFSA-N aleglitazar Chemical compound C1=2C=CSC=2C(C[C@H](OC)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OCCC(=C(O1)C)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 DAYKLWSKQJBGCS-NRFANRHFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950010157 aleglitazar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004601 aliskiren Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001347 alkyl bromides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEJICOXJTRHYAK-XFULWGLBSA-N alogliptin benzoate Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=C(C#N)C=1CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C=C1N1CCC[C@@H](N)C1 KEJICOXJTRHYAK-XFULWGLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000447 alogliptin benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003888 alpha glucosidase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003392 amylase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- MZZLGJHLQGUVPN-HAWMADMCSA-N anacetrapib Chemical compound COC1=CC(F)=C(C(C)C)C=C1C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1CN1C(=O)O[C@H](C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)[C@@H]1C MZZLGJHLQGUVPN-HAWMADMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000285 anacetrapib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002333 angiotensin II receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126317 angiotensin II receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001458 anti-acid effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001315 anti-hyperlipaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940030600 antihypertensive agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002220 antihypertensive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003524 antilipemic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RCHHVVGSTHAVPF-ZPHPLDECSA-N apidra Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H]1CSSC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3N=CNC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC1=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)CSSC[C@@H](C(N2)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)C1=CNC=N1 RCHHVVGSTHAVPF-ZPHPLDECSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006907 apoptotic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001499 aryl bromides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940071097 ascorbyl phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950010046 avasimibe Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003050 axon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229950010663 balaglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MHCWIVKXRYEVDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene hydrazine Chemical compound NN.C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1 MHCWIVKXRYEVDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 102000012740 beta Adrenergic Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010079452 beta Adrenergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000016959 beta-3 Adrenergic Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010014502 beta-3 Adrenergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UUQMNUMQCIQDMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N betahistine Chemical compound CNCCC1=CC=CC=N1 UUQMNUMQCIQDMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004536 betahistine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NZUPCNDJBJXXRF-UHFFFAOYSA-O bethanechol Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(C)OC(N)=O NZUPCNDJBJXXRF-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229960000910 bethanechol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AQOKCDNYWBIDND-FTOWTWDKSA-N bimatoprost Chemical compound CCNC(=O)CCC\C=C/C[C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1\C=C\[C@@H](O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 AQOKCDNYWBIDND-FTOWTWDKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002470 bimatoprost Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000023555 blood coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108010063504 bombesin receptor subtype 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-FDISYFBBSA-N bradykinin Chemical group NC(=N)NCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N1[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N2[C@@H](CCC2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O)CCC1 QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-FDISYFBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- OZVBMTJYIDMWIL-AYFBDAFISA-N bromocriptine Chemical compound C1=CC(C=2[C@H](N(C)C[C@@H](C=2)C(=O)N[C@]2(C(=O)N3[C@H](C(N4CCC[C@H]4[C@]3(O)O2)=O)CC(C)C)C(C)C)C2)=C3C2=C(Br)NC3=C1 OZVBMTJYIDMWIL-AYFBDAFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002802 bromocriptine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007975 buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- SNPPWIUOZRMYNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bupropion Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 SNPPWIUOZRMYNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001058 bupropion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000480 calcium channel blocker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960001713 canagliflozin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VHOFTEAWFCUTOS-TUGBYPPCSA-N canagliflozin hydrate Chemical compound O.CC1=CC=C([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=C1CC(S1)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1.CC1=CC=C([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=C1CC(S1)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 VHOFTEAWFCUTOS-TUGBYPPCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003827 cannabinoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000003557 cannabinoid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940065144 cannabinoids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000023852 carbohydrate metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000006315 carbonylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005810 carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950003594 carmegliptin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004203 carnitine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001746 carotenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005473 carotenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RZEKVGVHFLEQIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N celecoxib Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=NN1C1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 RZEKVGVHFLEQIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000590 celecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006143 cell culture medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005779 cell damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000030833 cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003833 cell viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003570 cell viability assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108091000114 ceramide glucosyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005110 cerivastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SEERZIQQUAZTOL-ANMDKAQQSA-N cerivastatin Chemical compound COCC1=C(C(C)C)N=C(C(C)C)C(\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 SEERZIQQUAZTOL-ANMDKAQQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPUADMRJQVPIAS-QCVDVZFFSA-M cerivastatin sodium Chemical compound [Na+].COCC1=C(C(C)C)N=C(C(C)C)C(\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O)=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 GPUADMRJQVPIAS-QCVDVZFFSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAIMGWSOSCFGRU-IYBDPMFKSA-N chembl182150 Chemical compound N([C@H]1CC[C@H](CC1)NC=1N=C(C2=CC=CC=C2N=1)N(C)C)C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1 FAIMGWSOSCFGRU-IYBDPMFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGEWUYACXPEFPO-AULYBMBSSA-N chembl2016681 Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](NS(=O)(=O)C(C)(C)C)CC[C@@H]1C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=N1 WGEWUYACXPEFPO-AULYBMBSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZRFSLHOCZEXCC-HIVFKXHNSA-N chembl2219536 Chemical compound N1([C@H]2C[C@@H]([C@H](O2)COP(O)(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)COP(O)(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2COP(O)(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2COP(O)(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2COP(O)(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2COP(O)(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2CO)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)OCCOC)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)SP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H](C[C@@H]2SP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H](C[C@@H]2SP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H](C[C@@H]2SP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)OCCOC)SP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)SP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)OCCOC)SP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)SP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O2)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)C=C(C)C(N)=NC1=O TZRFSLHOCZEXCC-HIVFKXHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003677 chloroquine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroquine Natural products ClC1=CC=C2C(NC(C)CCCN(CC)CC)=CC=NC2=C1 WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019417 choline salt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005886 chromosome breakage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020832 chronic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960002376 chymotrypsin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YZFWTZACSRHJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ciglitazone Chemical compound C=1C=C(CC2C(NC(=O)S2)=O)C=CC=1OCC1(C)CCCCC1 YZFWTZACSRHJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950009226 ciglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001214 clofibrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KNHUKKLJHYUCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N clofibrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 KNHUKKLJHYUCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M cobalt(2+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+2].N#[C-].[N-]([C@@H]1[C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)\C2=C(C)/C([C@H](C\2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N/C/2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000674 colesevelam hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013066 combination product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127555 combination product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000029078 coronary artery disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- IDLFZVILOHSSID-OVLDLUHVSA-N corticotropin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IDLFZVILOHSSID-OVLDLUHVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000258 corticotropin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950004210 cromakalim Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012228 culture supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012754 curcumin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940109262 curcumin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001162 cycloheptenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- QCYSWALXKOJEOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopropanesulfonyl bromide Chemical compound BrS(=O)(=O)C1CC1 QCYSWALXKOJEOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000172 cytosol Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000263 cytotoxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950004181 dalcetrapib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950004456 darapladib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004855 decalinyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2CCCCC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000006612 decyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- CYQFCXCEBYINGO-IAGOWNOFSA-N delta1-THC Chemical compound C1=C(C)CC[C@H]2C(C)(C)OC3=CC(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C3[C@@H]21 CYQFCXCEBYINGO-IAGOWNOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000033679 diabetic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960004042 diazoxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPUQGCOBYOXAED-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl 2-[[2-[3-(dimethylcarbamoyl)-4-[[2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzoyl]amino]phenyl]acetyl]oxymethyl]-2-phenylpropanedioate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C(=O)OCC)(C(=O)OCC)COC(=O)CC(C=C1C(=O)N(C)C)=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 FPUQGCOBYOXAED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diferuloylmethane Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C=CC(=O)CC(=O)C=CC=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diflunisal Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C(=CC(F)=CC=2)F)=C1 HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000616 diflunisal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PBWZKZYHONABLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)F PBWZKZYHONABLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- METQSPRSQINEEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrospirorenone Natural products CC12CCC(C3(CCC(=O)C=C3C3CC33)C)C3C1C1CC1C21CCC(=O)O1 METQSPRSQINEEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSUGRBWQSSZJOP-RTWAWAEBSA-N diltiazem Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1[C@H]1[C@@H](OC(C)=O)C(=O)N(CCN(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 HSUGRBWQSSZJOP-RTWAWAEBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004166 diltiazem Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZHIYQCCIDDTNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxazolidine Chemical compound C1COON1 ZZHIYQCCIDDTNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021186 dishes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940090949 docosahexaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003210 dopamine receptor blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000221 dopamine uptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N doxazosin Chemical compound C1OC2=CC=CC=C2OC1C(=O)N(CC1)CCN1C1=NC(N)=C(C=C(C(OC)=C2)OC)C2=N1 RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001389 doxazosin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IQQBRKLVEALROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N drinabant Chemical compound C=1C(F)=CC(F)=CC=1N(S(=O)(=O)C)C(C1)CN1C(C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 IQQBRKLVEALROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- METQSPRSQINEEU-HXCATZOESA-N drospirenone Chemical compound C([C@]12[C@H]3C[C@H]3[C@H]3[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(CCC(=O)C=C5[C@@H]5C[C@@H]54)C)CC[C@@]31C)CC(=O)O2 METQSPRSQINEEU-HXCATZOESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004845 drospirenone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosapentaenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005712 elicitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002081 enamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002124 endocrine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001163 endosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003511 endothelial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003062 endothelin A receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037149 energy metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000006966 enzyme regulator activity proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108040000578 enzyme regulator activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960005139 epinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YDOTUXAWKBPQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ergocryptine Chemical compound C1=CC(C=2C(N(C)CC(C=2)C(=O)NC2(C(=O)N3C(C(N4CCCC4C3(O)O2)=O)CC(C)C)C(C)C)C2)=C3C2=CNC3=C1 YDOTUXAWKBPQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DZGCGKFAPXFTNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCO DZGCGKFAPXFTNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKFNKZFJBFQFAA-DIOPXHOYSA-N ethyl 4-[[2-[(2s,4s)-2-cyano-4-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CC(C(=O)OCC)(CC2)CCC12NCC(=O)N1C[C@@H](F)C[C@H]1C#N AKFNKZFJBFQFAA-DIOPXHOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000031 ethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013604 expression vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940012151 exubera Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZZCHHVUQYRMYLW-HKBQPEDESA-N farglitazar Chemical compound N([C@@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)OCCC=1N=C(OC=1C)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZCHHVUQYRMYLW-HKBQPEDESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013861 fat-free Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960001582 fenfluramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005206 flow analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUWZPRWSIVNGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound F[CH2] VUWZPRWSIVNGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005417 food ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005714 functional activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OSCCDBFHNMXNME-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-hydroxyisoleucine Natural products CC(O)C(C)C(N)C(O)=O OSCCDBFHNMXNME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004211 gastric acid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004083 gastrointestinal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127227 gastrointestinal drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950004781 gemcabene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009368 gene silencing by RNA Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000034356 gene-regulatory proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091006104 gene-regulatory proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000762 glandular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010063245 glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36)amide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003862 glucocorticoid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124828 glucokinase activator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006377 glucose transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004190 glucose uptake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003316 glycosidase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003395 histamine H3 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000698 hormone receptor stimulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010015 huanglian Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940038661 humalog Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000057231 human FGF4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000046327 human PPY Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940103471 humulin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ATBKVKDEMSGMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine triphenylphosphane Chemical compound NN.C1(=CC=CC=C1)P(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATBKVKDEMSGMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000890 hydrocortisone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000015210 hypertensive heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950011100 ibipinabant Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950008060 ibrolipim Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950005809 implitapide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950009732 indeglitazar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004968 inflammatory condition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003978 infusion fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003948 insulin detemir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002068 insulin lispro Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BJHIKXHVCXFQLS-PQLUHFTBSA-N keto-D-tagatose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C(=O)CO BJHIKXHVCXFQLS-PQLUHFTBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004125 ketoconazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940043355 kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940099563 lactobionic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HDGUKVZPMPJBFK-LEAFIULHSA-N lapaquistat Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC(Cl)=CC=C3N(CC(C)(C)CO)C(=O)[C@@H](CC(=O)N3CCC(CC(O)=O)CC3)O2)=C1OC HDGUKVZPMPJBFK-LEAFIULHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950002188 lapaquistat Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NXFFJDQHYLNEJK-CYBMUJFWSA-N laropiprant Chemical compound C=1([C@@H](CC(O)=O)CCC=1C=1C=C(F)C=C(C2=1)S(=O)(=O)C)N2CC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 NXFFJDQHYLNEJK-CYBMUJFWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950008292 laropiprant Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001102 lavandula vera Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018219 lavender Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010012058 leucyltyrosine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940102988 levemir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010037535 lipoic acid synthase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002366 lipolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002701 liraglutide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950011606 lisofylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003566 lomitapide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002697 lyase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002934 lysing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000299 mazindol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000968 medical method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002483 medication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004066 metabolic change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001110 miglitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010027599 migraine Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004778 mipomersen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OSGPYAHSKOGBFY-KMHHXCEHSA-A mipomersen sodium Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].N1([C@H]2C[C@@H]([C@H](O2)COP([O-])(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP([O-])(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP([O-])(=O)S[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)COP([O-])(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2COP([O-])(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2COP([O-])(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2COP([O-])(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2COP([O-])(=O)S[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2CO)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)OCCOC)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)SP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H](C[C@@H]2SP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H](C[C@@H]2SP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H](C[C@@H]2SP([O-])(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)OCCOC)SP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)SP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)OCCOC)SP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)SP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O2)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)OCCOC)N2C(N=C(N)C(C)=C2)=O)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)C=C(C)C(N)=NC1=O OSGPYAHSKOGBFY-KMHHXCEHSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXZWGQLGAKCNKD-DPNMSELWSA-N molport-023-276-326 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PXZWGQLGAKCNKD-DPNMSELWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N monomethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNN HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000010125 myocardial infarction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DCYOADKBABEMIQ-OWMUPTOHSA-N myricitrin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1OC1=C(C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C1=O DCYOADKBABEMIQ-OWMUPTOHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCYOADKBABEMIQ-FLCVNNLFSA-N myricitrin Natural products O([C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1)C1=C(c2cc(O)c(O)c(O)c2)Oc2c(c(O)cc(O)c2)C1=O DCYOADKBABEMIQ-FLCVNNLFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical compound N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INBOEVBPIJUEGW-IBGZPJMESA-N n-[(2s)-6-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]-4-(cyclopropylmethoxy)benzamide Chemical compound N([C@@H]1CC2=CC=C(C=C2CC1)Br)C(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CC1 INBOEVBPIJUEGW-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXCNVWWWTVXCME-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-4,6-dimethyl-5-(sulfamoylamino)-2,3-dihydroindol-7-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)NC1=C(C)C(NS(N)(=O)=O)=C(C)C2=C1N(CCOCC)CC2 PXCNVWWWTVXCME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PILCQJJJAFRKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[1-(5-chloro-2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-2-methylsulfonyl-5-piperazin-1-ylaniline;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.COC1=CC(Cl)=CC(C(C)NC=2C(=CC=C(C=2)N2CCNCC2)S(C)(=O)=O)=C1OC PILCQJJJAFRKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDPFJWLDPVQCAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-2-[2-[(4-fluorophenyl)methylsulfanyl]-4-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5h-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-n-[[4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]acetamide Chemical compound C1=2CCCC=2C(=O)N=C(SCC=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N1CC(=O)N(CCN(CC)CC)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 WDPFJWLDPVQCAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WULKGVCEOREGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[5-(1-cyclopropyl-2,6-dioxo-3-propyl-7h-purin-8-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-n-ethylpyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1N(CCC)C=2N=C(C=3C=NC(=CC=3)N(CC)C(=O)C=3C=NC=CC=3)NC=2C(=O)N1C1CC1 WULKGVCEOREGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBWLTKFZAOSWSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[6-methoxy-5-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-pyridin-4-ylpyrimidin-4-yl]-5-methylpyridine-2-sulfonamide Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C(=NC(=N1)C=2C=CN=CC=2)OC)=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=N1 YBWLTKFZAOSWSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDQCDIWFPIDPQU-NDEPHWFRSA-N n-methyl-5-[4-[1-[(1r)-3-oxospiro[2-benzofuran-1,3'-pyrrolidine]-1'-carbonyl]cyclopropyl]phenyl]pyridine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=NC(C(=O)NC)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C2(CC2)C(=O)N2C[C@@]3(CC2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O3)C=C1 BDQCDIWFPIDPQU-NDEPHWFRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQCKKXVULJGBQN-XFWGSAIBSA-N naltrexone Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC3=CC=C(C=4O[C@@H]5[C@](C3=4)([C@]2(CCC5=O)O)CC1)O)CC1CC1 DQCKKXVULJGBQN-XFWGSAIBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003086 naltrexone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002539 nanocarrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000003631 narcolepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960000698 nateglinide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OELFLUMRDSZNSF-BRWVUGGUSA-N nateglinide Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](C(C)C)CC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OELFLUMRDSZNSF-BRWVUGGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950003494 naveglitazar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003880 negative regulation of appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 210000001577 neostriatum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004848 nephelometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 description 1
- VAKYVNYLCIABRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ngd-4715 Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1CN1CCN(C=2N=C(OC)C(Br)=CC=2)CC1 VAKYVNYLCIABRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000627 niacin group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930027945 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Natural products 0.000 description 1
- BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-N nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Chemical compound C1=CCC(C(=O)N)=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)O)O1 BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002748 norepinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N norepinephrine Natural products NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013116 obese mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108060005714 orexin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940125636 orexin 1 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N orlistat Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[C@H](OC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC=O)C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCCC AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001243 orlistat Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UNAZAADNBYXMIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N otenabant Chemical compound C1CC(NCC)(C(N)=O)CCN1C1=NC=NC2=C1N=C(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)Cl)N2C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 UNAZAADNBYXMIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000020629 overactive bladder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007248 oxidative elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006146 oximation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 description 1
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWMZIGBYZQUQOA-QEEMJVPDSA-N pamaqueside Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@H]3[C@@H]4C[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@]4(CC(=O)[C@@H]3[C@@]2(C)CC1)C)[C@@H]([C@]1(OC[C@H](C)CC1)O5)C)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O VWMZIGBYZQUQOA-QEEMJVPDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005482 pamaqueside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012402 patch clamp technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011170 pharmaceutical development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001050 pharmacotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003562 phentermine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930029653 phosphoenolpyruvate Natural products 0.000 description 1
- DTBNBXWJWCWCIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoenolpyruvic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)OP(O)(O)=O DTBNBXWJWCWCIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003358 phospholipase A2 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003428 phospholipase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068065 phytosterols Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002310 pinacidil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940096701 plain lipid modifying drug hmg coa reductase inhibitors Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002706 plastid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000291 postprandial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical class [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960003611 pramlintide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004457 pramlintide acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940103420 prandimet Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003912 probucol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FYPMFJGVHOHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N probucol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC=1SC(C)(C)SC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 FYPMFJGVHOHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 108010061269 protein kinase D Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003909 protein kinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108020000494 protein-tyrosine phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000020016 psychiatric disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine N-oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1 ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal hydrochloride Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940107700 pyruvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108700027806 rGLP-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950011516 remogliflozin etabonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UAOCLDQAQNNEAX-ABMICEGHSA-N remogliflozin etabonate Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COC(=O)OCC)O[C@H]1OC1=NN(C(C)C)C(C)=C1CC1=CC=C(OC(C)C)C=C1 UAOCLDQAQNNEAX-ABMICEGHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002461 renin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036454 renin-angiotensin system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940086526 renin-inhibitors Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021283 resveratrol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940016667 resveratrol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JZCPYUJPEARBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N rimonabant Chemical compound CC=1C(C(=O)NN2CCCCC2)=NN(C=2C(=CC(Cl)=CC=2)Cl)C=1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 JZCPYUJPEARBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003015 rimonabant Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950010764 rivoglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WMMMJGKFKKBRQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rosonabant Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1N(C=2C(=CC(Cl)=CC=2)Cl)N=C(C(=O)NN2CCCCC2)C1 WMMMJGKFKKBRQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950007834 rosonabant Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZCBUQCWBWNUWSU-SFHVURJKSA-N ruboxistaurin Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C2=C1C(C1=CC=CC=C11)=CN1CCO[C@H](CN(C)C)CCN1C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 ZCBUQCWBWNUWSU-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000261 ruboxistaurin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000002020 sage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000953 salsalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940126842 sergliflozin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HFLCZNNDZKKXCS-OUUBHVDSSA-N sergliflozin Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HFLCZNNDZKKXCS-OUUBHVDSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000952 serotonin receptor agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004425 sibutramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UNAANXDKBXWMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sibutramine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C1(C(N(C)C)CC(C)C)CCC1 UNAANXDKBXWMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004034 sitagliptin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037321 sleepiness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXWGGFGZDVPNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N so4-so4 Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O CBXWGGFGZDVPNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950007873 sobetirome Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940126121 sodium channel inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanoborohydride Chemical compound [Na+].[B-]C#N BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940121377 sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- GGYTXJNZMFRSLX-DFTNLTQTSA-N somatostatin-28 Chemical compound N([C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]1C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC1)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)=O)C(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO GGYTXJNZMFRSLX-DFTNLTQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001945 sparteine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SLRCCWJSBJZJBV-AJNGGQMLSA-N sparteine Chemical compound C1N2CCCC[C@H]2[C@@H]2CN3CCCC[C@H]3[C@H]1C2 SLRCCWJSBJZJBV-AJNGGQMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009870 specific binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108010058363 sterol carrier proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- YHULXGUCQZFROV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfane;urea Chemical compound S.NC(N)=O YHULXGUCQZFROV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940099093 symlin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003892 tartrate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108010048573 taspoglutide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010061506 tau-protein kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPUYUEPZGGATCN-QMMMGPOBSA-N tert-butyl (2s)-2-methylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C[C@H]1CCCN1C(=O)OC(C)(C)C PPUYUEPZGGATCN-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVKKUAUWQDPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1CN(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCN(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O LCZVKKUAUWQDPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZHNWSLHLJLEAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-aminobutanoate Chemical compound CCC(N)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C UZHNWSLHLJLEAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDYIABOYSPSXAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-[1-[3-(3-fluoro-4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]ethoxy]piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound N=1C(C=2C=C(F)C(=CC=2)S(C)(=O)=O)=NOC=1C(C)OC1CCN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC1 FDYIABOYSPSXAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZUZIVIUDTZPFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl decanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)(C)C IZUZIVIUDTZPFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- IZPYBIJFRFWRPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl pyrrole-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1C=CC=C1 IZPYBIJFRFWRPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003509 tertiary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VCVWXKKWDOJNIT-ZOMKSWQUSA-N tesofensine Chemical compound C1([C@H]2C[C@@H]3CC[C@@H](N3C)[C@@H]2COCC)=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 VCVWXKKWDOJNIT-ZOMKSWQUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950009970 tesofensine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000476 thermogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004014 thioethyl group Chemical group [H]SC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RSPCKAHMRANGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiohydroxylamine Chemical compound SN RSPCKAHMRANGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBOMNTLFRHMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiosalicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S NBOMNTLFRHMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950004437 tiqueside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005371 tolbutamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004394 topiramate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CMSGWTNRGKRWGS-NQIIRXRSSA-N torcetrapib Chemical compound COC(=O)N([C@H]1C[C@@H](CC)N(C2=CC=C(C=C21)C(F)(F)F)C(=O)OCC)CC1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 CMSGWTNRGKRWGS-NQIIRXRSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950004514 torcetrapib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001890 transfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ROWMQJJMCWDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribromomethane Chemical compound Br[C](Br)Br ROWMQJJMCWDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEIMLDGFXIOXMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl cyanide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C#N LEIMLDGFXIOXMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUJVPODXELZABP-FWJXURDUSA-N trodusquemine Chemical group C([C@@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@@H](NCCCNCCCCNCCCN)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@H](C(C)C)OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@]2(C)CC1 WUJVPODXELZABP-FWJXURDUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950004499 trodusquemine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940045136 urea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000777 urocortin Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UZVSRGJWSA-N ursodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UZVSRGJWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001661 ursodiol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108010010132 valyl-histidyl-threonyl-aspartamide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229950006508 velneperit Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N vildagliptin Chemical compound C1C(O)(C2)CC(C3)CC1CC32NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C#N SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000664 voltage gated sodium channel blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBQNRHZMVUUOMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zonisamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CS(=O)(=O)N)=NOC2=C1 UBQNRHZMVUUOMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002911 zonisamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/09—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms, not forming part of a nitro radical
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/48—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07C235/42—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C235/44—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C235/54—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D205/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D205/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D205/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/52—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring condensed with a ring other than six-membered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
- C07D211/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms by oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/40—Oxygen atoms
- C07D211/44—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4
- C07D211/46—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4 having a hydrogen atom as the second substituent in position 4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/135—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the substituent nitrogen atoms separated by carbocyclic rings or by carbon chains interrupted by carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D305/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D305/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D305/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D305/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/14—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/16—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D309/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
- C07D309/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D309/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D309/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
- C07D309/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D309/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D309/06—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D319/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D319/10—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes
- C07D319/12—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes not condensed with other rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D453/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids
- C07D453/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids containing isoquinuclidine ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/08—Bridged systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/02—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a three-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/04—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a four-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2602/00—Systems containing two condensed rings
- C07C2602/02—Systems containing two condensed rings the rings having only two atoms in common
- C07C2602/04—One of the condensed rings being a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C2602/10—One of the condensed rings being a six-membered aromatic ring the other ring being six-membered, e.g. tetraline
Landscapes
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
201040153 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於經取代的四氫萘類和其衍生物,及亦關於 其生理上相容鹽類和生理功能衍生物,其製備,包含至少一 種本發明經取代的四氫萘類或其衍生物之醫藥品,以及本發 明經取代的四氫萘類和其衍生物作為醫藥品之用途。 【先前技」術】 0 具有不同藥理作用及整體結構與經取代的四氫萘類和 其衍生物相似之本申請書中所描述的化合物,在先前技術中 已有描述,例如W02002/064565中,描述了用於治療心血 管疾病之内皮NO合成酶之調節劑,以及WO 2000/051970 中描述用於治療失智症包括經取代的四氫萘類之化合物。 W02008/002575、W02008/001160、W02006/044293、 W02005/033063、US2005/0075324、US 2006/0247239 以及 Meyers K. M.等人,Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters ❹ 17, 2007, 814-18 ; Meyers Κ· M.等人,Bioorganic & Medicinal
Chemistry Letters 17, 2007, 819-22 和 Mendez-Andino J. L.等 人,Bioorg抑ic & Medicinal Chemistry 15, 2007, 2092-2105 揭 示了具MCHR1-拮抗作用供治療肥胖症之經胺基取代的四 氫萘衍生物。 具MCH R1-拮抗作用供治療肥胖症之另外的化合物於 先前技術中已有描述(例如:W02005047293、 W02004092181、W02005103039、W02004024702、 W02001021577 > W02003035624 > W02002089729 > 3 201040153 W02002006245 > W02002002744 - W02002057233 > W02003045313 > W02003097047 ' W02002010146 > WO 2003087044、W02003/087046、W02001/021577、 W02007018248、W02008022979、US2008058423)。請參看 Rokosz, L. L., Expert Opin. Drug Discov. 2007, 2, 1301-1327 及 Curr. Med. Chem. 2008,15,1025-1043。, 本發明一目標係提供使哺乳動物體重降低和治療肥胖 與糖尿病及其各種後遺症之新穎的化合物。 令人驚訝地,已發現一系列調節MCH受體活性之化合 物。更特言之,該等化合物具MCHR1之拮抗特性。 【發明内容】 因此,本發明係關於式I化合物
其中 R1 為 H、(CrC8)-烷基、(C「C4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、(C3-C8)-烯基、(C3-C8)-炔基、CO(R9)、(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、 CO(C(R13)(R14))r-R15、CO-CKCVQ)-烷基、 CO(C(R13)(R14))r-N(R16)(R17); R2 為 H、(CVQ)-烷基、(CrQ)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、(C3-C8)- 201040153 烯基、(C3-C8)-炔基、CO(R9)、(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、 CO(C(R13)(R14))r-R15、C0-0(CrC8)-烷基、 CO(C(R13)(R14))r-N(R16)(R17); 或 R1及R2與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 4至10-員的單-、 雙-或螺環,其除了氮原子外,可包含0至3個由氧、氮 及硫之群選出之另外的雜原子,其中該雜環系可另外經 〇 F、c卜 Br、CF3、CN、(CrC6)-烷基、(C3-C8)-環烷基、 〇-(CrC8)-烷基、(CVQ)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、羥基 -(CrC6)-烷基、酮基、CO(R18)、CON(R19)(R20)、羥基、 COO(R21)、N(R22)CO(CrC6)·烷基、N(R23)(R24)或 S〇2(Ci-C6)-烧基取代; R10 > R11 各自獨立地為Η、(CVC6)-烷基、羥基烷基、F、 OH ; R9、R13、R14、R16、R17、R18、R19、R20、R21、R22、 R23 、 R24 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)·烷基; R16 及 R17、R23 及 R24 各自獨立地,視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除了氮原子外,亦可包含個來自NH、 N-(CrC6)-烷基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; 201040153 q、r各自獨立地為0、1、2、3、4、5、6; R12 > R15 各自獨立地為 Η、OH、F、0-(Ci_C6)-院基、S-(Ci_C6)-烷基、CN、COO(R25)、N(R26)CO(CrC6)-烷基、 N(R27)(R28)、CON(R29)(R30)、SOdCVCy-烷基、3-12-員單-、雙-或螺環,其可含有一至四個來自N、O及S 之雜原子,且該3-12-員環可另含有取代基,例如F、Cl、 Br、OH、CF3、N〇2、CN、OCF3、酮基、烧基、 (C1-C4)-烧氧基-(C1-C4)-烧基、S-(Ci_C6)_:J^基、(Ci_C6)_ 烷基、(C2-C6)-烯基、(C3-C8)-環烷基、0-(C3-C8)-環烷基、 (C3-C8)-環烯基、〇-(C3_C8)-環稀基、(C2-C6)_块基、 N(R31)(R32)、COO(R33)、S02(CrC6)·烷基及 COOH ; R25、R26、R27、R28、R29、R30、R31、R32、R33 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; 或 R27 及 R28、R29 及 R30、R31 及 R32 各自獨立地,視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除了氮原子外,亦可包含〇_ι個來自NH、 N-(CrC6)-烧基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; L1 為 C(R34)(R35)、C(R36)(R37)C(R38)(R39)、(CrC6)-環烷 基; R1可視需要與其中一個R34、R35、R36、R37、R38或 R39基相連結,而形成一個視需要在碳鏈上經(Ci_c6)_烷 基取代之5-6-員環; 201040153 R34、R35、R36、R37、R38、R39 各自獨立地為Η、(Ci-Q)-烷基; R3、R4、R5 各自獨立地為 Η、F、α、Br、I、OH、CF3、N〇2、CN、 0CF3、〇-(CrC6)-烷基、SJCrQ)-烷基、CKQ-Q)-烷氧 基-(CVQ)-烷基、(Crc6)_烷基、c〇N(R40)(R41)、 CO(R42); 0 R40、R41、R42 各自獨立地為H、(Cl_C6)_烷基; R40 及 R41 視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除了氮 原子外’亦可包含〇_1個來自NH、N-(CrC6)-烷基、氧及硫 之群之另外的雜原子; X 為 C(R7”)(R7’’,); R6、R6,、R7、R7,、R7”、R7,” 各自獨立地為H'F^CVQ)-烷基、0H、0-(CrC6)-烷基; R8 為 Η、(CrC6)-烷基; A為一 5-6-員芳香環,其可包括至高2個由氮、氧及硫之 群選出之雜原子,並可經一至二個下列取代基取代:Η、 F、a、Br、I、OH、CF3、Ν〇2、CN、OCF3、〇-(crC6)- 院基、0-(Ci_C4)-烧氧基-(C1-C4)-炫基、(Ci-Cg)-燒基、 N(R43)(R44)、S02-CH3、CON(R45)(R46)、 N(R47)CO(R48)、CO(R49); 7 201040153 R43、R44、R45、R46、R47、R48、R49 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; 或 R43 及 R44、R45 及 R46 各自獨立地視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除了氮原子外,亦可包含〇_丨個來自NH、 N-(CrC6)-烷基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; L2為一個鍵或具有1至4個成員之連接鏈,其中該等成員 係由下列組成之群中選出:〇、S、s〇2、N(R50)、CO、 C(R51)(R52)、〇C,而產生化學上可能之基,且該連接 鏈不具有任何0-C0或C00基團; B 為(CrC6)·烧基、Cf3、(Cl_C4)_烧氧基_(Ci_C4)_烧基、羥 基-(CrC6)-烷基、3至10-員單_、雙-或螺環環烷基環, 其中該環系可另外經一或多個下列取代基取代:F、CF3、 (Q-Q)-炫基、〇_(Cl_C8)_烧基、(Ci_C4)_烧氧基_(Ci_c士 烷基、羥基-(CrC4)-烷基、酮基、CO(R53)、羥基; R50、R51、R52、R53 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基。 本發明一實施例係關於式I化合物
其中 201040153 R1 為 H、(CrC8)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基_(CrC4)-烷基、(C3-C8)-烯基、(C3-C8)-炔基、CO(R9)、(C(R10)(Rll))q_R12、 CO(C(R13)(R14))rR15、C0-0(C〗-C8)-烷基、 CO(C(R13)(R14))r-N(R16)(R17); R2 為 H、(Ci-Cs)-烧基、(C1-C4)-烧氧基-(Ci_C4)-烧基、(C3-C8)-烯基、(CrC8)·炔基、CO(R9)、(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、 CO(C(R13)(R14))r-R15、CO-CKCVCs)-烷基、 CO(C(R13)(R14))r-N(R16)(R17); 或 R1及R2與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 4至10-員單-、雙 -或螺環,其除了氮原子外,可包含〇至3個由氧、氮及 硫之群選出之另外的雜原子,其中該雜環系可另外經F、 a、Br、CF3、CN、(CrC6)-烷基、(C3-C8)-環烷基、0-(CrC8)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、羥基-(C「C6)-烷基、 酮基、C0(R18)、CON(R19)(R20)、羥基、C00(R21)、 烷基、N(R23)(R24)或 S02(CrC6)-烷基 取代; R10、R11 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基、羥基-(CVQ)-烷基、F、 OH ; R9、R13、R14、R16、R17、R18、R19、R20、R21、R22、 R23、R24 9 201040153 各自獨立地為Η、(Q-Q)-烷基; 或 R16 及 R17、R23 及 R24 各自獨立地視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除了氮原子外,亦可包含〇_丨個來自ΝΗ、 N-(CrC6)-烷基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; 9、1:各自獨立地為〇、1、2、3、4、5、6; R12 、 R15 各自獨立地為Η、OH、F、CKCVQ)-烷基、S-(CrC6)· 烷基、CN、COO(R25)、烷基、 N(R27)(R28)、CON(R29)(R30)、SOXCrCe)-烷基、3-12- 員單-、雙-或螺環,其可含有一至四個來自N、0及S 之雜原子,且該3-12-員環可另含有取代基,例如f、Cl、 Br、OH、CF3、N〇2、CN、OCF3、同基、CKCj-Q)-烧基、 (crc4)-烷氧基-(crc4)-烷基、s-(crc6)-烷基、(crc6)-烷基、(C2-C6)-烯基、(C;rC8)-環烷基、〇-(C3-C8)-環烷基、 (c3-c8)-環烯基、〇-(C3-C8)-環烯基、(c2-c6)-炔基、 N(R31)(R32)、COO(R33)、SCMCVQ)·烷基及 COOH ; R25、R26、R27、R28、R29、R30、R31、R32、R33 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; 或 R27 及 R28、R29 及 R30、R31 及 R32 各自獨立地視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除了氮原子外,亦可包含〇_丨個來自NH、 201040153 院基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; L1 為 C(R34)(R35)、C(R36)(R37)C(R38)(R39)、(QrC6)-環烷 基; R1可視需要與其中一個R34、R35、R36、R37、R38或 R39基相連結,而形成一個視需要在碳鏈上經(Ci_C6)_烷 基取代之5-6-員環; R34、R35、R36、R37、R38、R39 各自獨立地為H、(CrC6)-烷基; R3、R4、R5 各自獨立地為 Η、F、C卜 Br、I、OH、CF3、N02、CN、 ◦CF3、CKCVC6)·烷基、S-(CrC6)-烷基、CKCVC4)-烷氧 基-(CrC:烷基、(Cl_c6)_烷基、c〇N(R40)(R41)、 CO(R42); R40、R41、R42 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; 或 R40 及 R41 視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除 了氮原子外’亦可包含0-1個來自ΝΗ、Ν-((Κ6)-烷基、 氧及琉之群之另外的雜原子; X 為 C(R7”)(R7’”); R6、R6’、R7、R7,、R7”、R7,,, 各自獨立地為H、F、(CrC6)-烷基、0H、0-(CrC6)-烷基; 11 201040153 R8 為 Η、(Ci-C6)-烧基; A為一 5-6-員芳香環,其可包括至高2個由氮、氧及#之 群選出之雜原子,並可經一至二個下列取代基取代:H、 F、(:卜 Br、I、OH、CF3、N02、CN、 〇CF3 > 〇_(CrC6). 烷基、o-(crc4)-烷氧基-(crc4)-烷基、(crc6)-燒基、 N(R43)(R44)、S02-CH3、CON(R45)(R46)、 N(R47)CO(R48)、CO(R49); R43、R44、R45、R46、R47、R48、R49 各自獨立地為H、(CrC6)-烷基; 或 R43 及 R44、R45 及 R46 各自獨立地視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環’其除了氮原子外,亦可包含0-1個來自NH、 N-(CrC6)-烷基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; L2為一個鍵或具有1至4個成員之連接鏈,其中該等成員 係由下列組成之群中選出:〇、S、S02、N(R50)、CO、 C(R51)(R52)、C3C,而產生化學上可能之基,且該連接 鏈不具有任何〇_C〇或COO基團; B為(CpC6)-院基、cf;3、(CVC4)-烧氧基烧基、經 基-(CrQ)-烧基、3至10-員單_、雙-或螺環環烧基環, 其中該環系可另外經一或多個下列取代基取代:F、CF3、 (CrC6)-烧基、0_(CrC8)_烧基、(Cl_C4)-烧氧基_(Ci_c4)_ 烷基、羥基-(CrC4)-烷基、酮基、CO(R53)、羥基; 12 201040153 R50、R51、R52、R53 各自獨立地為H、(C!-C6)-烧基,其限制條件為不包括化合物 4-(1-羥基環丁基曱氧基)_N_((S)_6_吡咯啶基甲基-mi 四氳萘-2-基)苯甲醯胺。 式I化合物值得注意的為,相較於結構相似具MCH-拮 抗作用(特別是在生理上適合的緩衝系統中)同時兼具高活性 之化合物,其在水性媒劑中具有增溶性。再者,較佳的本發 ❹ 明化合物值得注意的為低hERG通道之阻斷性,其更佳的係 結合足夠的腦穿透性。再者,相較於先前技術中的化合物, 較佳的本發明化合物具有改良的代謝安定性。 在 Rl、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R6'、R7、R7'、R7”、 R7”’、R8、R9、Rl〇、Rll、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、 R17、R18、R19、R20、R21、R22、R23、R24、R25、R26、 R27、R28、R29、R3G、R31、R32、R33、R34、R35、R36、 R37、R38、R39、R40、R41、R42、R43、R44、R45、R46、 ❹ R47、R48、R49、R50、R51、R52、R53 取代基中之烷基、 烯基及炔基可為直鏈、支鏈及/或視需要經取代基例如 (CrC4)-烷氧基或鹵素取代。此亦適用於當烷基、烯基及炔 基為另一基團之部分時,例如烷氧基集團之部分(例如 (Crc4)-烷氧基-(CVQ)-烷基))。適合的鹵素有氟、氯、溴及 破,較佳地氟、氯及漠,更佳地象。 烷基基團之實例有:曱基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、 己基、庚基及辛基。本文亦包括這些基團之正•異構物及支 鏈的異構物,例如異丙基、異丁基、異戊基、第二丁基、第 13 201040153 二丁基、新戊基、3,3-一甲基丁基等。除非另有說明,否則 術語烷基另亦包括未取代或視需要經一或多個(例如i、2、3 或4)來自(CrC4)-烧氧基及鹵素之群之另外的基團取代。經 鹵素取代之烧基基團的實例有氟化烷基基團,例如、 CHF2、CH2F、3_氟丙-1-基、2,2,1,1-四氟乙基。再者,另外 的取代基可出現在任何烧基之所欲的位置。除非另有說明, 否則烧基較佳地為未取代。 在本申請書的内文中,環烷基係指環烷基及環烷基烷基 (經環院基取代之烧基)’其中環燒基具有至少3個碳原子。 裱烷基之實例有:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚 基、環辛基、環壬基及環癸基。多環系可能亦為適合的,例 如十虱备基(decalinyl)、正获烧基(n〇rb〇rnanyi)、茨烧基或金 剛烷基。較佳的環烷基有環丙基、環戊基及環己基。環烷基 可為未取代或視需要經一或多個如上述烷基中所列之另外 的基團取代。除非另有說明,否則環烷基較佳地為未取代。 烯基及炔基基團之實例有:乙稀基、^丙稀基、2_丙稀 基(稀丙基)、2_丁烯基、2_甲基_2_丙烯基、3_曱基1 丁烯基、 乙炔基、2-丙炔基(炔丙基)、2_丁炔基或3_丁炔基。 血在本申請書的内文中,環烯基係指包括至少三個碳原子 之%烯基及環烯基烷基(經環烯基取代之烷基)。環烯基之實 例有.環戊烯基、環己烯基、環庚烯基及環辛炔基。 …烯基和環烯基具有-至三個共概或非共耗雙鍵(亦即烷 了烯基及烷三烯基),較佳地在直鏈或支鏈上具一個雙鍵。 同理可用於炔基之錢。稀基和炔基可為未取代或視需要經 14 201040153 一或多個如上烷基中所列之另外的基團取代。除非另有說 明,否則烯基和炔基較佳地為未取代。 在本申請書的内文中,多環基團(雙環…三環-或螺環結 構)係指衍生自螺烷、稠合環系或橋接環系之基團。螺烷值 得注意地為二環僅具有一個共同的碳原子,且二環的環平面 彼此相互垂直。在稠合環系中,二環係以具有二個共同原子 的方式相連結。此類型的連接包括「鄰位稠合橋接環系 ❹
具有一碳原子及/或雜原子橋介於環上二個非相鄰的原子 間。 不贺明的内文中,「化學上可能的基團」係指在室溫 及大氣廢下―穩定的基團。在本發明的内文中,在式 I化合物 μ的疋義中’「化學上可能的基團」較佳地係指在個別 的基^員間不具有雜原子·雜原子鍵之基團。 此可=化^合物可具有—或多個不對稱中心。式1化合物因 物非消旋物、富含鏡像異構物之混合物、純鏡像異構 發明包對映異構物之混合物的形式存在。本 並未ek二有式I化合物之異構物。即使在某些案例中 切由已知的料來製得。 上可接受=類特性化合物高,所以醫藥 醫藥上可接受的陰離子樂應用。這些鹽類必須具有 藥上可接切加成鹽有^子。本發明化合物之適合的醫 磷酸、確酸及硫酸之趟类頁—欠例如鹽酸、氫漠酸、鱗酸、偏 苯曱酸、檸檬酸、乙;酸::乂及有機酸例如乙酸、苯磺酸、 ’ 延胡索酸、葡萄糖酸、甘醇酸、 15 201040153 羥乙基磺酸、乳酸、乳糖酸、馬來酸、蘋果酸、甲磺酸、琥 珀酸、對曱苯磺酸及酒石酸之鹽類。適合的醫藥上可接受鹼 鹽有銨鹽、鹼金屬鹽類(例如鈉及鉀鹽)、鹼土金屬鹽類(例如 鎂及鈣鹽)以及胺丁三醇(2-胺基-2_羥基曱基-1,3-丙二醇)、二 乙醇胺、離胺酸或乙二胺之鹽類。 帶有醫藥上不可接受陰離子之鹽類,例如三氟乙酸鹽, 同樣屬於本發明之架構中,可用作製備或純化醫藥上可接受 鹽類之中間物及/或用於非治療上,例如體外應用。 本發明一包括式I化合物之溶劑化物,例如水合物或溶 劑之加合物,例如醇類如(Ci-Q)·烷醇。 本文所用之術語「生理功能衍生物」係指任何本發明式 I化合物之生理上耐受衍生物,例如酯,其經投予哺乳動物 (如人類)後,能形成(直接或間接)式〗化合物或其活性代謝 物。 生理功能衍生物亦包括本發明化合物之前藥,如,例如 H. Okada 等人,Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1994, 42, 57 6 Ο 代謝為本發明化合物。這些前藥本:可 晶體=:物=:::有形例如_ 發明範圍且為本發明之另一態樣。夕/物形式係屬於本 本文所指的所有「式〗化合物 物及其鹽類,溶劑化物和文中所^如上述之式I化合 —可在 16 201040153 全部可相互獨立地具有所述之定義且可相同或不同。 式I化合物中之符號較佳地係各自獨立地定義如下: R1 為 Η、(CrC8)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、 (C3-C8)-烯基、(C3-C8)-炔基、CO(R9)、 (C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、CO(C(R13)(R14))r-R15、 C0-0(CrC8)-烷基、CO(C(R13)(R14))rN(R16)(R17); R2 為 H、(CrC8)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CVQ)-烷基、 (C3-C8)-烯基、(C3-C8)-炔基、CO(R9)、 (C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、CO(C(R13)(R14))r-R15、 CO-〇(CrC8)-烷基、CO(C(R13)(R14))rN(R16)(R17); R1較佳地為: (CVQ)-烷基、(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、(CrC4)-烷氧基 -(CVQ)-烷基; R2較佳地為: Η、(Ci-CO-烷基、(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、(CVC4)-烷氧基 -(CVQ)-烷基、CO-(CrC8)-烷基、CO-CKCVCy-烷基、 CO(C(R13)(R14))rN(R16)(R17); R1更佳地為: (CrC8)-烷基、(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、(CrC4)-烷氧基 -(CrC4)-烷基; R2更佳地為: Η、(CrC8)·烷基、(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、(CrC4)-烷氧基 17 201040153 -(Ci-C4)_ 烧基, R1最佳地為: (C(R10)(Rll))q-R12 ; R2最佳地為: Η、(CrC6)-烷基; 或 R1和R2與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 4至10-員的單-、 雙-或螺環,其除了氮原子外,可包含〇至3個由氧、氮 及硫之群選出之另外的雜原子,其中該雜環系可另外經 F、a、Br、CF3、CN、(CrC6)-烷基、(C3-C8)-環烷基、 0-(CrC8)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、羥基 -(CVQ)-烷基、酮基、CO(R18)、CON(R19)(R20)、羥基、 COO(R21)、N(R22)CO(CrC6)-烷基、N(R23)(R24)或 SOzCCrQ)-烷基取代; R1和R2與其相鍵結之氮原子,較佳地係共同形成一 4 至10-員的單-、雙-或螺環,其除了氮原子外,可包含0 至2個由氧、氮及硫之群選出之另外的雜原子,其中該 雜環系可另外經 F、a、Br、CF3、(Q-C6)-烷基、0-(CrC8)-烷基、(C3-C8)-環烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、羥 基-(CrC6)-烷基、酮基、CO(R18)、羥基、 N(R22)CO(CrC6)-烷基,或 S02(CrC6)-烷基取代; R1和R2與其相鍵結之氮原子,更佳地係共同形成一 4 至10-員的單-、雙-或螺環,其除了氮原子外,可包含0 至2個由氧、氮及硫之群選出之另外的雜原子,其中該 18 201040153 雜環系可另外經F、CF3、(CrC6)_烧基、0_(CrC8)_烧基、 (Crc4)-烧氧基-(crC4)_烷基、羥基_(Ci_c6)_烧基、酮基、 CO(R18)或羥基取代; R10、R11 各自獨立地為Η、(CpCe)-院基、經基烧基、F、 OH;較佳地 H、(CrC6)-烧基、OH;更佳地 h、((VC6>· 炫基; Q R9、R13、R14、R16、R17、R18、R19、R20、R2 卜 R22、 R23、R24 各自獨立地為Η、(CVQ)-烷基; 或 R16 及 R17、R23 及 R24 視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除 了氮原子外,亦可包含0-1個來自NH、N-(CrC6)-烷基、 氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; q 為 0、1、2、3、4、5、6;較佳地0、1、2、3、4;更 佳地為1、2、3、4 ; r 為 0、1、2、3、4、5、6;較佳地0、1、2、3、4; R12、R15 各自獨立地為 Η、OH、F、0-(CrC6)-烷基、S-CCrQ)-烷基、CN、COO(R25)、N(R26)CO(CrC6)-烷基、 N(R27)(R28)、CON(R29)(R30)、SOXCrCJ-烷基、3-12-員 皁-、雙-或螺環,其可含有一至四個來自N、O及S之雜 原子,且該3-12-員環可另含有取代基,例如F、C卜Br、 19 201040153 OH、CF3、N02、CN、OCF3、酮基、0-(CrC6)-烷基、(CrQ)-烷氧基-(Crc4)-烷基、SJCVCfi)-烷基、(CrC6)-烷基、 (c2-c6)-烯基、(c3-c8)-環烷基、〇-(C3-C8)-環烷基、(c3-c8)_ 環烯基、0-(C3-C8)-環烯基、(C2-C6)-炔基、N(R31)(R32)、 COO(R33)、S02(CrC6)-烷基及 COOH ; 較佳地 Η、OH、F、O-CCVQ)·烷基、NCR^fCKCi-C^)-烧基、SC^Ci-Cy-烧基、3-12-員單·、雙-或螺環,其可 含有一至三個來自Ν、Ο及S之雜原子,且該3-12-員環 可另含有取代基,例如F、Cl、Br、OH、CF3、CN、OCF3、 酮基、0-(CrC6)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、 (Crc6)-烷基、(C2_c6)-烯基、(C2-C6)-炔基、N(R31)(R32) 及 S02(CrC6)-烷基; 較佳地3-12-員單-、雙_或螺環飽和環,其可含有一至三 個來自Ν、Ο及S之雜原子,且該3-12-員環可另含有取 代基,例如 F、OH、CF3、CN、OCF3、酮基、CKCVQ)· 烧基、(C1-C4)-烧氧基-(C1-C4)-烧基、(Ci-C6)-烧基、 N(R31)(R32) and SCMCrCy-烷基; R25、R26、R27、R28、R29、R30、R31、R32、R33 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; 或 R27 及 R28、R29 及 R30、R31 及 R32 各自獨立地,視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除了氮原子外,亦可包含〇_1個來自NH、 NJCVQ)-烷基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; 20 201040153 L1 為 C(R34)(R35)、C(R36)(R37)C(R38)(R39)、(C3-C6)-環 烷基; 較佳地 C(R34)(R35); 視需要R1可與其中一個R34、R35、R36、R37、R38或 R39基相連結,而形成一個視需要在碳鏈上經(crc6)-烷 基取代之5-6-員環; R34、R35、R36、R37、R38、R39 0 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; R3、R4、R5 各自獨立地為 Η、F、Q、Br、I、OH、CF3、N02、CN、 〇CF3、cKcvcy-烧基、sieved-烧基、cKq-cd·烧氧 基-(CrC4)-烷基、(C「C6)-烷基、CON(R40)(R41)、 C〇(R42); 較佳地各自獨立為H、F、C卜Br、CF3、CN、OCF3、 〇-(Ci-C6)-烧基、(C1-C4)-烧氧基-(C1-C4)-燒基、(Ci-C6)_ ❹ 烷基、co(crc6)-烷基; 更佳地各自獨立為Η、F、a、Br、CF3、CN、OCF3、 〇_(CrC6)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、(CrC6)-烷基; 又更佳地各自獨立為H、F、a、o-(crc6)-烷基、(crc6)-烷基; 非常特佳地H ; 其中較佳地至少二個或所有的R3、R4及R5基為Η ; R40、R41、R42 21 201040153 各自獨立地為Η、 或 R40 及 R41 視需要與其相鍵結之氮 了氮原子外,亦可包含 氧及硫之群之另外的雜 原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除 個來自NH、N-CCVQ)·烷基、 原子; R6、R6,、R7、R7,、R7” 各自獨立地為Η、F、 基; 、R7 (CpCJ-院基、OH、0-(CrC6)-烧 較佳地Η ; R8 為 Η、(CVC6)-烷基; A為一 5-6-員芳香環,其可包括至高2個由氮、氧及硫之 群選出之雜原子,並可經一或多個下列取代基取代:H、 F、C卜 Br、I、OH、CF3、N02、CN、OCF3、CKCVQ)- 炫基、(HCVQ)-烧氧基-(Cl-C4)-烧基、(CrC6)_烧基、 N(R43)(R44)、SCVCH3、CON(R45)(R46)、 N(R47)CO(R48)、CO(R49);較佳地 H、F、a、Br、I、 OH、CF3、N02、CN、OCF3、CHq-Q)-烷基、(CrC4)-烧氧基_(CrC4)-烧基、(C-C6)-院基;更佳地H、F、Cl、 Br、CF3、CN、OCF3、0-(CrC6)-烷基、(crC4)-烷氧基 -(CrC4)-烧基、(Q-Ce)-烧基;又更佳地h、F、Cl、 0-(Ci_C6)-烧基、(C1-C6)-烧基;非常特佳地h ; 該5-6-員芳香環較佳地係由下列組成之群中選出 22 201040153
R43、R44、R45、R46、R47、R48、R49 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; 或 R43 及 R44、R45 及 R46 各自獨立地,視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環’其除了氮原子外,亦可包含〇_ 1個來自NH、 N-CCi-C6)-烧基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子 ❹ L2為一個鍵或具有1至4個成員之連接鏈,其中該等成員 係由下列組成之群中選出:〇、s、S〇2、n(r5〇)、c〇、 C(R51)(R52)、C=C,而產生化學上可能之基,且該連接 鏈不具有任何0-C0或COO基團; 較佳地,一個鍵或具有1至4個成員之連接鏈,其中該 成員係由下列組成之群中選出:〇、N(R50)、CO、 C(R51)(R52),而產生化學上可能之基,且該連接鏈不具 有任何0-C0或COO基團; “ 更佳地,具有1至2個成員之連接鏈,其中該等成員係 23 201040153 由下列組成之群中選出:〇、N(R50)、CO、C(R51)(R52), 而產生化學上可能之基,且該連接鏈不具有任何o-co 或COO基團; 同樣更佳地—個鍵、Ο、C(R51)(R52)0 ; 甚至更佳地Ο、C(R51)(R52)0 ; B 為(CrC6)-烧基、Cf3、(Ci_C4)_燒氧基_(Ci_c4)_烧基、羥 基-(CrC6)-烷基、3至ι〇_員單_、雙_或螺環環烷基環, 其中該環系可另外經一或多個下列取代基取代:F、CF3、 (crc6)-烧基、〇-(c]_c8)_烷基、(Crc4)-烷氧基-(CrQ)-烧基、羥基_(Ci-C4)-烷基、酮基、C〇(R53)、羥基; 較佳地(CrC6)-烷基、(CrC4)_烷氧基-(CrQ)-烷基、羥基 -(CrC6)-烧基、3至6-員環烧基環,其中該環系可另外經 一或多個下列取代基取代:F、(CrC6)_烷基、O-CCVQ)-烧基、(CkC4)-院氧基_(crc4)_烧基、經基; 更佳地3至6-員環烷基環,其中該環系可另外經一或多 個下列取代基取代:F、(Ci_C6)_烷基、0-(CrC8)-烷基、 (CrC4)-炫氧基-(CrC4)-燒基、羥基; 甚至更佳地3、5-或6-員環烷基環,其中該環系可另外經 一或多個下列取代基取代:F、(CrC6)-烷基、0(CVC8)-烧基、(Ci-C4)-烧氧基-(crc4)_炫基、經基;最佳地未取 代之環丙基環; R50、R51、R52、R53 各自獨立地為H、烷基。 24 201040153 本發明一特別方面為式ιι之化合物
其中可變基團R1、R2、Ll、R3、R4及R8各係如式I之定 義,且 Y 為 CR、N ; R、R,、R,,、R,,, 各自獨立地為 Η、F、a、Br、I、OH、CF3、N02、CN、 OCF3、CKCVC6)、烷基、CKCi-Q)-烷氧基-(Ci-Q)-烷基、 (CVC6)-烷基、N(R43)(R44)、S02-CH3、CON(R45)(R46)、 N(R47)CO(R48)、CO(R49); 較佳地各自獨立為H、F、Q、Br、I、OH、CF3、N02、 CN、OCF3、0-(CrC6)-烷基、(CrQ)-烷氧基-(CrQ)-烷 基、(CrCy-烷基; 更佳地各自獨立為Η、F、CU、Br、CF3、CN、OCF3、 〇-(CrC6)-烷基、(CVQ)-烷氧基-(Ci-Q)-烷基、(CrC6)-烧基; 甚至更佳地各自獨立為H、F、a、o-(crc6)-烷基、 (CVQ)-烷基; 非常特佳地為Η; L2 為 CH20 ; 25 201040153 B 為(CrC6)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CVQ)-烷基、羥基 -(CrC6)-烷基、3至6-員環烷基環,其中該環系可另外經 一或多個下列取代基取代:F、(CrC6)-烷基、CKCrC8)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(q-Q)-烷基、羥基; 較佳地(CrC6)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、羥基 -(C「C6)_烧基、未經取代之壞丙基壞。 本發明之另一特別的方面為式ΠΙ化合物 m
其中可變基團R8、R、R’及B各係如上式II化合物中所定 義,且 R1 為(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12 ; R2 為 Η、(CrC6)-烷基; Q 為 1、2、3、4 ; R10 、 R11 各自獨立地為Η、(CVC6)-烷基; R12為3-12-員單-、雙-或螺環之飽和環,其可含有一至三個 來自Ν、Ο及S之雜原子,且該3-12-員環可另含有取代 基,例如 F、OH、CF3、CN、OCF3、酮、O-CCrQ)·烷 基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(q-CU)-烷基、(Q-Q)-烷基、 N(R31)(R32)及 S02(CrC6)-烷基。. 本發明另一特別的方面為式Ilia之化合物 26 201040153
其中可變基團R1、R2、R8及B各係如上式III化合物中所 定義。 在發明另一特別的方面係關於式IV之化合物
其中可變基團R2、R8、L2、A及B各係如上式I化合物中 所定義。 N為1或2;R1'為H、曱基或乙基。 本發明之通式I化合物可類似熟習本項技術者所知之方 法來製備。適合製備本發明通式I化合物之方法係藉由下列 實例提出(特別參見方法A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I、J、 K、L 及流程 1 2、2-1 和 2-2)。 所提步驟之較佳的實施例,正如用於該等步驟中起始物 質之製備,已為熟習本項技術者所了解並藉由流程中之實例 和所提及之方法,以及實例提出。 本發明進一步係關於式I化合物及其醫藥組合物作為 MCH受體配體之用途。本發明MCH受體配體特別適合用作 MCHR1活性之調節劑。 27 201040153 MCH在調節能量平衡中之角色目前已有詳細記載 (Qu,D.等人,Nature 1996, 380, 243-7 ; Shimada,Μ·等人, Nature 1998, 396, 670-4 ; Chen, Υ·等人,Endocrinology 2002, 143, 2469-77 ; Endocrinology 2003, 144, 4831-40 Reviews * G. Hervieu, Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 2003, 7, 495-511 ; Shi,Y., Peptides 2004, 25, 1605-11 ; Pissios, P·等 人,Endocrine Rev. 2006, 27, 606-20 ; Luthin, D. R., Life Sci. 2007, 81, 423-440)。 亦有指出MCH拮抗劑可對中樞性相關病症,例如焦慮 神經症及憂繫症具有有利的影響(Borowsky, B.等人.Nature Medicine 2002, 8, 825-30 ; Reviews · Hervieu, G., Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 2003, 7, 495_511 ; Chaki, S.等人,Drug Dev. Res. 2005, 65, 278-290 ; Dyck,B., Drug Dev. Res. 2005, 65, 291-300 ; Shimazaki, T., CNS Drugs 2006, 20, 801-11 ; Drugs Fut. 2007, 32, 809-822)。 亦有指出MCH於泌尿及發炎之應用:Hegde Laxminarayan G, Ping Xiao Li, Jochnowitz Nina, Craig Douglas A,藥物學和實驗性治療期刊(2009),328(1), 165-73 及 Kokkotou Efi, Moss Alan C.,Torres Daniel, Karagiannides Iordanes, Cheifetz Adam, Liu Sumei, O'Brien Michael, Maratos-Flier Eleftheria,Pothoulakis Charalabos,美國國家 科學院院刊(2008),105(30),10613-10618。 此類型之化合物特別適合用於治療及/或預防 1.肥胖症 28 201040153 2·糖尿病’特別第2型糖尿病,包括預防其相關的後遺症。 就此特別的方面有 ''改善焉血糖, -改善胰島素抗性, 改善葡萄糖耐受, 保護胰臟β細胞
❹ -保護大血管及微血管病症 血月I異吊及其後遺症,例如動脈硬化、冠心病、腦血管病 ,,,特別是(但不限於)該等特徵為一或多個下列因子: 回血漿二酸甘油脂濃度、高餐後血漿三酸甘油脂濃度 •低HDL膽固醇濃度 又 4’知肪肝’特別是非酒精性脂肪肝及其變異, ••脂肪變性 -脂肪蓄積性肝炎 -硬化 5.各種可能與代謝症候群有關的其他症狀,例如: 血栓,高凝血狀態及血栓形成前階段(動脈及靜脈) -兩血壓 -心衰竭,例如(但不限於)心肌梗塞後症狀、高血壓性心臟 疾病或心肌症 6.精神疾病,例如 -憂鬱症 depressions -焦慮症 anxiety states 29 201040153 -曰伏郎律失調 disturbances of the circadian rhythm -感情障礙 -精神分裂症 -成癮性病症 4.眠障礙,例如 -睡眠呼吸中止症 -肥胖症換氣不足症候群 -猝睡症 -曰間嗜睡 5·發炎性病症,例如 -發炎性腸道疾病 -克隆氏症 9.泌尿病症,例如 -膀胱過動症候群 對於種以上的上述病理狀態具有有利效果之化合物 為較佳的。 調配物 達到所欲生物效用所需之式I化合物之量係依許多因素 而定’例如所選的特定化合物、所欲_途、給藥模式及病 患之臨床症狀。每日劑量—般係在每天及每公斤體重從 0.001毫克至100亳克(典型的係從〇 〇1毫克至5〇毫克)之範 圍内例士 0.1 10亳克/公斤/天。靜脈給劑可在例如從 毫克至1.0毫克/公斤之範圍内,其可以每公斤每分鐘1〇奈 克至10G奈克之輪液適#的給藥。適合此等目的之輸注溶液 201040153 母宅升可含有例如從〇」夺克 身至10喜古. 不見至10毫克,典型的係從1奈 見至1〇笔克。早一劑量可含有例如 成份。因此,靖用之絲可含有❹從^ H, ==〇之單一劑量調配物(例如膠囊鄉^ 述症狀之治療,可使用式〗化合物本身,但苴 Ο 〇 劑,醫藥組合物形式。在與組合物的;他成份相容之 硯心下’ §然_必須為可接受的’且對病患的 Π可為固態或液態或二者’且較佳的係與化合物二 成早一劑量(例如鍵劑),其可含有從0.05%至95%重量比之 生成份。同樣的可有另外的他醫藥活性物質存在(包括另 外的式I化合物)。本發明之醫藥組合物可藉由已知的醫華方 法之-來製造,其基本上係將成份與藥理上可接 或賦形劑混合所組成。 、雖然最適合的給藥模式係依照各別個體所欲治療之症 狀本質及嚴重度之情況及依各情況所用之式〗化合物之性質 而定,但是本發明之醫藥組合物為適合口服、直腸、局部、 經口(例如舌下)及非經腸(例如皮下、肌肉内、皮膚滲透或靜 脈内)給藥之組合物。包膜調配物及包膜慢性釋放調配物亦 屬於本發明之架構内。較佳係給予抗酸及抗胃酸調配物。適 合的抗胃酸膜衣包括纖維素乙酸鄰苯二甲酸、聚乙酸乙婦酉旨 鄰笨二曱酸、羥丙基曱基纖維素鄰笨二曱酸以及曱基丙歸^ 和曱基丙烯酸甲酯之陰離子聚合物。 適合用於口服給藥之醫藥化合物可為個別單位之形 31 201040153 式,例如各含有至少一種定義量之式i化合物之膠囊、袋劑、 可吸式錠劑或錠劑;為散劑或顆粒、為溶於水性或非水溶性 液體之溶液或懸浮液;或為水包油或油包水乳液。這些組合 物,如所提的,可藉由任何適合的醫藥方法來製備,該方法 包括將活性成份及載劑(其可由一或多種另外的成份組成)接 觸之步驟。組合物一般係藉由將活性成份與液體及/或細粉 狀固體載劑均勻或均質混合所製造,之後視需要將產物塑 形。因此,例如錠劑可藉由將化合物之粉末或顆粒,(若適 合)與一或多種另外的成份打壓或模鑄來製造。壓製錠可藉Ο 由將自由流體形式之化合物,例如粉末或顆粒,(若適當 結著劑、滑動劑、惰性稀釋劑及/或一種(或多種)介面活田^ /分散劑以適合的機器壓成鍵劑來製造。模製旋可藉由將粉 末形式及經惰性液體稀釋劑濕化之化合物以適合的機器 鑄來製造。 ^ 、 適合經口(舌下)給藥之醫藥組合物包括含有至少一種式 σ物與凋味劑(通常為蔗糖及阿拉伯膠或角叉菜膠)之可 =_以及將化合物包含於惰性基底(例如明膠及甘油或◎ 庶糖和阿拉伯膠)之粒劑。 ^合祕驗藥之醫藥組合物,難地包括至少一種式 液^勿之無菌水性製備物’其較佳地係與預期接受者之丘 給藥,^些製備物亦可以皮下、肌肉内或真皮注射來 匕合物仙雜給藥。料製備純㈣可藉由將 造。本發明無菌及與錢等張來製 主射,,且σ物一奴係含有從0.1至5%重量比 32 201040153 之活性化合物。 適合直腸給藥之醫藥組合物較佳地係為單一劑量检劑 之形式。這些可藉由將至少一種式I化合物與一或多種習用 的固體載劑(例如可可脂)混合並將生成的混合物塑形來製 造。 適合局部用於皮膚之醫藥組合物較佳地為軟膏、乳霜、 乳液、糊浆、嘴霧、氣霧或油之形式。可使用的載劑有石胤、 〇 羊毛脂、聚乙二醇、醇類及二或多種這些物質之組合物。活 性成份一般係以組合物之重量計從0.1至15%之濃度存在, 例如0.5至2%。 亦可用皮膚滲透給藥。適合皮膚滲透用途之醫藥組合物 可為適合長期與病患表皮緊密接觸之單一貼布形式。此等貼 布適當地係含有溶於水溶液之活性成份,(若適當)其可經緩 衝、溶解及/或分散於黏性聚合物中。適合的活性成份濃度 為約1%至35%,較佳地約3%至15%。活性成份最可能地係 ❹ 藉由如 Pharmaceutical Research, 2(6): 318 (1986)中所述之電 轉運或離子電渗來釋放。 式I化合物係因對脂質代謝具有利的效應而受青睞,且 其特別適合用於減重及用於哺乳動物減重後維持其體重減 輪狀態。該等化合物作為選擇性皿(;^1尺拮抗劑係以其低毒 哇、對代謝酵素影響小及極少的副作用而受青睞。特言之’ 較佳的本發明化合物係以低hERG通道阻斷性而受注目。另 外’車父佳的式I化合物在水性系統中具顯著的可溶性而因此 特別適合用於醫藥開發。經由完全耐受媒#丨口服給藥後,在 33 201040153 活體模型的試驗中更可達到藥理效用。 化合物可單獨使用或與其他減重或抑制食慾的活性成 份組合。其他此類抑制食慾之活性成份可提及的有,例如 於Rote Liste第1章中之減重劑/胃口抑制劑,及亦彳包括增 加生物體能量週轉並因而使重量減少,或其他以增加卡路 里攝取而不會導致脂肪囤積加大,以及正常卡路里攝取導 致生物體脂肪囤積減少之方式影響生物體一般代謝的活性 成份。此等化合物適合用於預防及(特別是)用於治療過重或 肥胖症。此等化合物另適合用於預防及(特別是)用於治療第 II型糖尿病、動脈硬化及使脂質代謝正常化和用於治療高血 壓。 與其他醫藥品之組合 本發明化合物可單獨或與一或多種具有,例如對代謝 失調或常見與其相關的病症有利的另外藥理活性物質組合 給藥。 彼等可與本發明式I化合物組合特別是用於協同增進效❹ 用。活性成份組合物可藉由分開將活性成份投予病患或以組 合產物之形式(其中數種活性成份係存在於一種醫藥製備物 中)來給藥。當活性成份係以分開給予活性成份來給藥時, 其可以同時或連續來進行。 其他適合用於組合製備物之活性成份有: 在R〇teListe2(K)7,第12料所提狀所有抗糖尿病劑;於 Rote Liste 2007,第1章中所提到之所有減重劑/胃口抑制 劑;於Rote Liste 2007,第36章中所提到之所有利尿劑· 34 201040153
Rote Liste 2007,第58章中所提到之所有降脂劑。彼等可與 本發明式I化合物組合特別是作為協同增進效用。該活性化 合物組合可藉由將活性化合物分開地投予病患或以組合製 備物之形式(其中多數個活性成份係存在於一種醫藥製備物 中)來給藥。當活性成份係以分開給予活性成份來給藥時, 其可以同時或連續來進行。大部分下文所提及之活性成份係 揭示於 USP Dictionary of US AN and International Drug Names,US Pharmacopeia, Rockville 2006 中。 抗糖尿病劑包括姨島素及胰島素衍生物,例如 Lantus®(参見 www.lantus.com)或 HMR 1964 或 Levemir® (insulin detemir)、Humalog(R)(Insulin Lispro)、Humulin(R)、 VIAject™、SuliXen(R)、VIAject™或 WO 2005005477 (Novo Nordisk)中所述之化合物、速效胰島素(参見US 6,221,633)、可吸式騰島素例如Exubera®或口服騰島素例如 IN-105 (Nobex)或 Oral-lynTM (Generex Biotechnology) ’ 或 Technosphere(R)胰島素(MannKind)或 CobalaminTMn 服胰島 素或 ORMD-0801 或如 WO2007128815、WO2007128817、 W02008034881 ' W02008049711 ' WO2008145721 > W02009034117、W02009060071、W02009133099 中所述 之胰島素或胰島素前藥,或可經皮膚滲透給藥之胰島素; 另外亦可包括該等藉由雙功能接頭與白蛋白鍵結之胰島素 衍生物,例如’如WO2009121884中所描述; GLP-1衍生物及GLP-1促效劑例如依森泰德(Exenatide) 或其特定的調配物’例如,如W02008061355、 35 201040153 W02009080024、W02009080032 中所述、里拉泰德 (Liraglutide)、他司魯泰(taspoglutide)(R-1583)、阿必鲁泰 (albiglutide)、利西拉來(lixisenatide)或揭示於 Novo Nordisk A/S 之 WO 98/08871、WO 2005/027978、W02006037811、 W02006037810、Zealand 之 WO 01/04156 或於
Beaufour-Ipsen之WO 00/34331中之物質、乙酸普蘭林肽 (Pramlintide Acetate)(Symlin ; Amylin Pharmaceuticals) ' 吸式 GLP-1 (MannKind 公司之 MKC-253) AVE-0010、 BIM-51077(R-1583, ITM-077)、PC-DAC : exendin-4 (—種 exendin-4類似物,係與重組的人類白蛋白共價鍵結)、生物 素化 exendin (W02009107900)、一種如 US2009238879 中所 描述之exendin-4特別的調配物、CVX-73、CVX-98及 CVx-96(GLP-l類似物,對GLP-1胜肽具專一結合位置,係 與單株抗體共價鍵結)、CNTO-736 (aGLP-l類似物,其係與 包括抗體的Fc部分之區域鍵結)、PGC-GLP-1 (與奈米載體 結合之 GLP-1)、如,例如 D. Chen 等人.,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104 (2007) 943中所述之促效劑或調節劑、該等於 WO2006124529 > W02008082274 > W02008112939、 W02008116294、 WO2008148839、 W02009030738 > W02009035540 > WO2007124461 W02008101017 W02008112941 W02008116648 W02008299096 W02009030771 W02009058734 W02008062457、 W02008081418、 W02008113601 > W02008119238、 W02008152403、 W02009030774、 W02009111700、 36 201040153 WO2009125424、WO2009129696、WO2009149148 中所述 之物質、胜肽例如奥尼匹肽(〇1?丨1^出如)(丁]^1-30338)、如’ 例如W02007104789、W02009034119中所述之兔胰淀素 (amylin)受體促效劑、如,例如W02007120899、 W02008022015、W02008056726 中所述之人類 GLP-1 類似 物、如,例如W02008101017中所述含有GLP-1及升糖素 殘基之嵌合聚乙二醇化胜肽以及具口服活性之降血糖成 〇 份。 抗糖尿病藥劑另外包括抗介白素1β(π-1β)之多株或單 株抗體,例如ΧΟΜΑ-052。 抗糖尿病藥劑另外包括可與人類前胰淀胜肽(ΗΙΡ)受體 結合之胜肽,例如W02009049222中所述。 抗糖尿病藥劑另外亦包括葡萄糖依賴促胰島素分泌多肽 (GIP)受體之促效劑,例如W02006121860中所述。 抗糖尿病藥劑另外包括人類胰多肽之類似物或衍生 q 物,例如W02009007714中所述。 抗糖尿病藥劑另外包括包膠的生產胰島素豬細胞’例如 DiabeCell(R)。 抗糖尿病藥劑亦包括纖維母細胞生長因子21 (F<5F~21) 之類似物或衍生物,例如,如W02009149171中所述。 口服有效的降血糠成份,較佳地包括 磺醯尿素, 雙胍類, 美格替奈類(meglitinide), 37 201040153 α 号二啐唑啶二鲷, °塞唾咬二酉同, PPAR及RXR調節劑, 葡萄糖苦酶抑制劑, 肝醋磷酸酶抑制劑, 升糖素受體#抗劑, 葡萄糖激酶活化劑, 果糖-1,6-二鱗酸酶抑制劑, 葡萄糖轉運體4(GLUT4)調節劑, 麩胺酸-果糖-6-磷酸醯胺基轉移酶(GFAT)抑制劑’ GLP-1促效劑, 钟通道開放劑,例如π比那地爾(pinacidil)、克羅卡林 (cromakalim)、二氮嗪(diazoxide)、二氮嗪膽鹼鹽(diazoxide choline)或該等R. D. Carr等人,Diabetes 52, 2㈨3, 2513.2518 中 ’ J. B. Hansen等人,Current Medicinal Chemistry 11,
1595-1615 中 ’ Τ· Μ. Tagmose等人,J. Med. Chem. 47, 2⑽4, 3202-3211 中或M. J. Coghlan等人,J. Med. Chem. 44, 2⑽7, 1627-1653中所述’或該等揭不於]STovoNordiskA/S之WO 97/26265及WO 99/03861 中之化合物, 作用在β細胞之ATP-依賴鉀通道之活性成份 二肽醯肽酶IV(DPP-IV)抑制劑, 胰島素敏化劑, 與刺激糖質新生及/或肝糖分解有關之肝酵素抑制漸 葡萄糖吸收、葡萄糖運送及葡萄糖再吸劑 Ί:岡郎劑 38 201040153 鈉依賴葡萄糖共轉運體1或2(SGLT 1,SGLT2)之調節劑, ll-β-羥類固醇去氫酶-1(11P_HSD1)之抑制劑, 蛋白質酪胺酸磷酸酶ΙΒ(ΡΤΡΙΒ)之抑制劑, 菸鹼酸受體促效劑, 荷爾蒙敏感或内皮脂酶之抑制劑, 乙醯基-CoA羧化酶(ACC1及/或ACC2)之抑制劑, GSK-3 β之抑制劑。 〇 亦包括改變脂質代謝之化合物,例如抗高脂血活性成份 及降脂血活性成份, HMGCoA還原酶抑制劑, 法尼S旨X受體(FXR)調節劑, 纖維酸類, 膽固醇再吸收抑制劑, CETP抑制劑, 膽酸再吸收抑制劑, q MTP抑制劑, 雌激素受體γ之促效劑(ERRy促效劑), σ-l受體拮抗劑, 體抑素(somatostatin)5受體之拮抗劑(SST5受體); 降低食物攝取之化合物, 增加產熱效應之化合物。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與胰島素組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與胰島素敏化 劑,例如PN-2034或ISIS-113715組合給藥。 39 201040153 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與作用在β細胞之ΑΤΡ-依賴鉀通道之活性成份,例如曱苯磺丁脲(tolbutamide)、格 列苯脲(glibenclamide)、格列吡嗪(glipizide)或格列美脲 (glimepiride),或該等如,例如EP2103302中所述之製備物 組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與包含快速釋放之 格列美脲及長時間釋放之美弗明(metf〇rmin)的鍵劑(如,例 如 US2007264331、W02008050987、W02008062273 中所述)0 組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與雙胍,例如美弗明或其 任一種鹽組合給藥。 在另一實施例中’式I化合物係與胍,例如苄胍 (benzylguanidine)或其任一種鹽,或該等如,例如 W02009087395中所述之胍類組合給藥。 在另一實施例中’式I化合物係與美格替奈 (meglitinide) ’例如瑞格列奈(repaglinide)、那格列奈 C .2 (nateglinide)或米格列奈(mitiglini)组合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與美格替奈(meglitinide) 和格利他_ (glitazone)例如吡格列_鹽酸鹽(pi〇glitaz〇ne hydrochloride)之組合來給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與美格替奈和α_葡萄糠 苷酶抑制劑之組合來給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與抗糖尿病藥劑,如 W02007095462、W02007101060、W02007105650 中所述, 201040153 組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式ι化合物係與抗低血糖化合物,如 W02007137008、W02008020607 中所述,組合給藥。 Ο
在一實施例中,式I化合物係與噻唑啶二酮,例如曲格 列酮(troglitazone)、環格列酮(ciglitazone)、°比格列酮 (pioglitazone)、羅格列 S同(rosiglitazone)或雷迪博士 (Dr. Reddy)研究基金會之W0 97/41097中所揭示之化合物,特 別是5-[[4-[(3,4-二氫-3-甲基-4-氧-2-喹唑啉曱氧基]苯基]甲 基]-2,4-噻唑啶二酮組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與ΡΡΑΙΙγ促效劑, 例如羅格列酮、吡格列酮、JTT-501、GI 262570、R-483、 CS-011 (瑞格列酮(rivoglitazone))、DRL-17564、DRF-2593(巴 拉列酮(balaglitazone))、INT-131、T-2384 或該等如 W02005086904、 W02007103252 > W02008006319、 W02008017398、 W02008084303 ' W02008093639 ' W02008096829 ' W02008108602 ' WO2008126731、 W02009005672 ' W02009080821、 W02007060992 > W02007100027 > W02007122970 ' WO2007138485 > W02008006969 > W02008010238 > W02008028188、W02008066356、 W02008089461-W02008089464 > W02008096769、W02008096820、 US2008194617、W02008099944、 W02008109334、W02008110062、 WO2008126732、W02008137105、 W02009038681、W02009046606、 W02009083526、W02009102226、 41 201040153 W02009128558、W02009139340中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中’式I化合物係與C〇mpetactTM(— 種吡格列_鹽酸鹽和美弗明鹽酸之固體組合物)組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與TandemactTM(— 種11比格列酮和格列美脲之固體組合物)組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中’式I化合物係與n比格列嗣鹽酸 鹽和血管收縮素II促效劑(例如TAK-536)之固體組合物組 合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中’式I化合物係與PPARot促效劑或 混合的 PPARa/PPAR5 促效劑’例如 GW9578、GW-590735、 K-lll、LY-674、KRP-101、DRF-10945、LY-518674、 CP-900691、BMS-687453、BMS-711939,或該等 W02001040207、W02002096894、W02005097076、 W02007056771、W02007087448、W02007089667、 W02007089557 > W02007102515 ' W02007103252 ' JP2007246474、W02007118963、W02007118964、
W02007126043 ' W02008006043 > W02008006044 > W02008012470 ' W02008035359 > W02008087365 ' W02008087366、W02008087367、WO2008117982、 JP2009023975 ' W02009033561 ' W02009047240 ' W0200907258卜 W02009080248、W02009080242 中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與混合的ΡΡΑΚα/γ 促效劑,例如那格列塔(naveglitazar)、阿格列塔 42 201040153 (aleglitazar)、LY-510929、ONO-5129、E-3030、AVE 8042、 AVE 8134、AVE 0847、CKD—501(洛貝格列酮硫酸鹽 (lobeglitazone sulfate))、MBX_213、KY-201、BMS-759509 或如 WO 00/64888、WO 00/64876、W003/020269、 W02004024726、W02007099553、US2007276041、 W02007085135 ' W02007085136 > WO2007141423 ' W02008016175、W02008053331、W02008109697、 W02008109700、W02008108735、W02009026657、 W02009026658 中或於 J.P. Berger 等人,TRENDS in Pharmacological Sciences 28(5),244-251,2005 中所述,組合 給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與PPAR5促效劑, 例如 GW-501516,或如 W02006059744、W02006084176、 W02006029699 ' W02007039172-W02007039178 ' W02007071766、W02007101864、US2007244094、 WO2007119887 ' WO2007141423 > US2008004281 ' W02008016175 > W02008066356 > W02008071311 ' W02008084962、US2008176861、W02009012650、 US2009137671、W02009080223 中所述,組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與pan-SPPARM (選 擇性PPAR調節劑α、γ、δ),例如GFT_505、印地列塔 (indeglitazar)或該等於 W02008035359、W0200907258 中所 述之化合物組合給藥。. 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與莫格他唾(metaglidasen) 43 201040153 或與MBX-2044或其他部分PPARy促效劑/拮抗劑組合給藥。 在-實施例中’丨I化合物係與α_葡萄糖普酶抑制劑, 例如米格列醇(miglitol)或阿卡波糖(acarb〇se)或該等於 W02007114532、W02007140230、US2007287674、、 US2008103201、W02008065796、W02008082017、 US2009076129中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與肝醣磷酸酶抑制劑,例 如 PSN-357 或 FR-258900 或該等描述於 W02003084922、 W02004007455、W02005073229-31、W02005067932、 W02008062739、W02008099000、W02008113760、 W02009016118 > W02009016119 > W02009030715 ' W02009045830、W02009045831、WO2009127723 中之化合 物組合給藥。 在另一實施例中’式I化合物係與肝糖磷酸酶和蛋白質 PPP1R3(肝糖相關蛋白質磷酸酶之GL亞單位)之相互作用的 抑制劑如,例如W02009030715中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與升糖素受體拮抗劑,例 如 A-770077、NNC-25-2504 或如 W02004100875、 W02005065680、 W02007106181、 W02007120284 ' W02008042223 ' W02009058662、 W02006086488 > W02007047177 ' W02007111864 > W02007120270 ' WO2007123581、WO2007136577、 W02008098244、W02009057784、 W02009058734、W02009110520、 W02009120530、W02009140342 中所述,組合給藥。 201040153 在另一實施例中,式i化合物係與反義化合物,例如 ISIS-325568(抑制升糖素受體產生)組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與葡萄糖激酶活化劑,例 如 LY-2121260 (W02004063179)、PSN-105、PSN-110、 GKA-50 或該等如,例如 W02004072031、W02004072066、 W02005080360 > W02005044801 ' W02006016194 > W02006058923 ' WO2006112549 ' WO2006125972 ' W02007017549、W02007017649、W02007007910、 W02007007040-42、W02007006760-61、W02007006814、 W02007007886 ' W02007028135 ' W02007031739 ' W02007041365 > W02007041366 ' W02007037534 > W02007043638 > W02007053345 ' W02007051846 > W02007051845 ' W02007053765 ' W02007051847 ' W02007061923、W02007075847、W02007089512、 W02007104034、W02007117381、WO2007122482、 W02007125103 > W02007125105 ' US2007281942 > W02008005914 ' W02008005964 > W02008043701 ' W02008044777、W02008047821、US2008096877、 W02008050117、W020080501(H、W02008059625、 US2008146625、W02008078674、W02008079787、 W02008084043、W02008084044、W02008084872、 W02008089892 ' W02008091770 > W02008075073 ' W02008084043 > W02008084044 ' W02008084872 ' W02008084873、W02008089892、W02008091770、 45 201040153 JP2008189659、W02008104994、W02008111473、 W02008116107、W02008118718、W02008120754、 US2008280875 ' WO2008136428 > WO2008136444 > WO2008149382 ' WO2008154563 > WO2008156174 > WO2008156757、US2009030046、W02009018065、 W02009023718、W02009039944、W02009042435、 W02009046784 ' W02009046802 ' W02009047798 > W02009063821 ' W02009081782 ' W02009082152 -W02009083553 ' W02009091014 ' US2009181981 > W02009092432、W02009099080、W02009106203、 W02009106209、W02009109270、WO2009125873、 WO2009127544、WO2009127546、WO2009128481、 W02009133687、W02009140624中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與糖質新生作用之抑制劑 如,例如FR-225654、W02008053446中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶 (FBPase)抑制劑,例如 MB-07729、CS-917 (MB-06322)或 MB-07803 或該等如 W02006023515、W02006104030、 W02007014619、WO2007137962、W02008019309、 W02008037628、W02009012039、EP2058308、 W02009068467、W02009068468中所述之化合物劑組合給 藥〇 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與葡萄糖轉運體4(GLUT4) 之調節劑,例如 KST-48 (D.-O. Lee 等人:Arzneim.-Forsch. 46 201040153
Drug Res. 54 (12), 835 (2004))組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與麩胺酸:果糖-6-磷酸醯 胺基轉移酶(GFAT)之抑制劑如,例如W02004101528中所 述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與二肽醯肽酶IV (DPP-IV) 之抑制劑,例如偉達格、汀(vildagliptin)(LAF-237)、西他格汀 (sitagliptin)(MK-0431)、西他格、;丁填酸鹽、沙克格、;丁 (saxagliptin)((BMS-477118) ' GSK-823093 ' PSN-9301 > SYR-322、SYR-619、TA-6666、TS-02卜 GRC-8200(美羅利 汀(melogliptin))、GW-825964X、KRP-104、DP-893、 ABT-341、ABT-279 或其另外的鹽、S-40010、S-40755、 PF_00734200、BI-1356、PHX-1149、阿洛格汀苯甲酸鹽 (alogliptin benzoate)、林那格汀(linagliptin)、美羅格红 (melogliptin)、卡美格 ί丁 (carmegliptin),或該等如 W02003074500、W02003106456、W02004037169、 W0200450658 > W02005037828 ' W02005058901 ' W02005012312 > W02005/012308 ' W02006039325 W02006058064 W02006015699 W02006099943 W02006071752 W02006073167 W02006090915 W02006111261 W02006015691 W02006015700 W02006099941 W02006065826 W02006068163 W02006104356 W02006015701 W02006018117 JP2006160733 、 W02006078676 W02006085685 W02006127530 US2006890898 > US2006803357 47 201040153 US2006303661 > W02007015767 (LY-2463665) ' W02007024993、W02007029086、W02007063928、 W02007070434 > W02007071738 ' W02007071576 ' W02007077508、W02007087231、W0200709793卜 W02007099385、W02007100374、WO2007112347、 WO2007112669、WO2007113226、WO2007113634、 W02007115821 ' W02007116092 > US2007259900 ' EP1852108、US2007270492、WO2007126745、 W02007136603、WO2007142253、WO2007148185、 W02008017670 > US2008051452 > W02008027273 ' W02008028662 ' W02008029217 ' JP2008031064 > JP2008063256 ' W02008033851 > W02008040974 ' W02008040995、W02008060488、W02008064107、 W02008066070、W02008077597、JP2008156318、 W02008087560、W02008089636、W02008093960、 W0200809684卜 W02008101953、WO2008118848、 W02008119005、W02008119208、W02008120813、 W02008121506 ' W02008130151 > W02008131149 ' W02009003681 ' W02009014676 ' W02009025784 ' W02009027276、W02009037719、W02009068531、 W02009070314、W02009065298、W02009082134、 W02009082881 > W02009084497 ' W02009093269 ' W0200909917卜 W02009099172、W02009111239、 WO2009113423、W02009116067、US2009247532 中所述之 48 201040153 化合物組合給藥。 在-實施例中’式I化合物係與JanumetTM(一種西他格 汀構酸鹽和美弗日㈣酸鹽之_組合物)組合給藥。 在-實施例中’ S I化合物係與Eucreas(R)(一種偉達格 江與和美弗明鹽酸鹽之固體組合物)組合給藥。 在另-實闕巾,式I化合物係與阿洛格、;了和^比格列酮 之固體組合物組合給藥。 〇 在一貫施例中,式1化合物係與西他格汀之鹽和美弗明 鹽酸鹽之固體組合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與DPP_IV抑制劑和ω_3 脂肪酸或ω_3脂肪酸酯之組合物如,例如w〇2〇〇71288〇1中 所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與Dpp_IV抑制劑和美弗 明鹽酸鹽之組合物如,例如W〇2〇〇9121945中所述,組合給 藥。 〇 在一實施例中,式1化合物係與DPP-IV抑制劑和 GPR-119促效劑之組合物如,例如WO2009123992中戶斤述’ 組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與DPP-IV抑制劑和米捧 列醇之組合物如,例如WO2009139362中所述,組合給鱗。 在一實施例中’式I化合物係與西他格汀之鹽和美弗明 鹽酸鹽之固體組合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中’式I化合物係與阿洛格汀苯甲酸鱗與冰 格列酮鹽酸鹽之固體組合物組合給藥。 49 201040153 在一實施例中,式i化合物係與促進胰島素分泌之物 質,例如 KCP-265 (W02003097064)或該等如 W02007026761、W02008045484、US2008194617、 W02009109259、W02009109341中所述之物質組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與葡萄糖依賴促胰島素分 泌多肽(GIP)受體之促效劑’例如apd-668組合給藥。 在一實施例中’式I化合物係與ATP-檸檬酸裂解酶抑制 劑,例如SB-204990組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與鈉-依賴葡萄糖共轉運體 1 及/或 2(SGLT1, SGLT2)之調節劑,例如 KGA-2727、 T-1095、SGL-0010、AVE 2268、SAR 7226、SGL-5083、 SGL-5085、SGL-5094、ISIS-388626、舍格列净(sergliflozin)、 塔帕格列淨(dapagliflozin)或依破瑞莫格列淨(remogliflozin etabonate)、卡那格列淨(canagliflozin),或如,例如 W02004007517 ' W0200452903 ' W0200452902 ' PCT/EP2005/005959 ' W02005085237 > JP2004359630 > W02005121161、 W02006062224、 W02006080577、 W02007000445、 W02007093610、 WO2007129668 ' WO2007143316、 W02008002824、 W02006018150、W02006035796、 W02006058597 ' W02006073197 > W02006087997、W02006108842、 W02007014895 ' W02007080170 ' W02007126117 ' W02007128480 > US2007275907 > W02007136116 ' WO2007147478 ' W02008001864 > W02008013277 ' W02008013280 ' 50 201040153 W0200801332卜 W02008013322、W02008016132、 W02008020011、JP200803116卜 W02008034859、 W02008042688 > W02008044762 ' W02008046497 ' W02008049923、W02008055870、W02008055940、 W02008069327、W02008070609、W02008071288、 W02008072726、W02008083200、W02008090209、 W02008090210、W02008101586、W02008101939、 W02008116179、W02008116195、US2008242596、 US2008287529 > W02009026537 > W02009049731 ' W02009076550、W02009084531、W02009096503、 W02009100936、WO2009121939、WO2009124638、 WO200912842卜 WO2009135673 中或 A. L. Handlon in Expert Opin. Ther. Patents (2005) 15(11)、1531-1540 中所述,組合 給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與SGLT抑制劑 和DPP-IV抑制劑之固體組合物,如W02009091082中所 述*組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與葡萄糖轉運體之刺激劑 如,例如WO2008136392、WO2008136393中所述,組合給 藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與u_p_羥基類固醇去氫酶 -l(lip-HSDl)之抑制劑,例如 bvT-2733、JNJ-25918646、 INCB-13739、INCB-20817、DIO-92(㈠-酮康唑(ketoconazole)) 或該等如’例如 W0200190090-94、WO200343999、 51 201040153 W02004112782、W0200344000、W0200344009、 WO2004112779、W02004113310、W02004103980、 WO2004112784、W02003065983、W02003104207、 W02003104208、W02004106294、W02004011410、 W02004033427 ' W02004041264 > W02004037251 > W02004056744 > W02004058730 ' W02004065351 ' W02004089367、W02004089380、W02004089470-71、 W02004089896 > W02005016877 ' W02005063247 > W02005097759、W02006010546、W02006012227、 W02006012173、W02006017542、W02006034804、 W02006040329、W02006051662、W02006048750、 W02006049952 ' W02006048331 ' W02006050908 ' W02006024627、W02006040329、W02006066109、 W02006074244 ' W02006078006 ' W02006106423 ' WO2006132436 > WO2006134481 ' WO2006134467 ' WO2006135795 > W02006136502 > W02006138508 ' WO2006138695 - WO2006133926 > W02007003521 ' W02007007688 ' US2007066584 > W02007029021 > W02007047625、W02007051811、W02007051810、 W02007057768、W02007058346、W02007061661、 W02007068330、W02007070506、W02007087150、 W02007092435 ' W02007089683 ' W02007101270 ' W02007105753、W02007107470、W02007107550、 W02007111921 > US2007207985 ' US2007208001 ' 52 201040153 WO2007115935 ' W02007118185 ' W02007122411 ' WO2007124329、WO2007124337、WO2007124254、 WO2007127688 > WO2007127693 ' W02007127704 ' WO2007127726、WO2007127763、WO2007127765、 W02007127901 > US2007270424 > JP2007291075 ' W02007130898 ' WO2007135427 > WO2007139992 ' WO2007144394、WO2007145834、WO2007145835、 WO2007146761 ' W02008000950 ' W02008000951 ' W02008003611 > W02008005910 ' W02008006702 ' W02008006703 ' W02008011453 > W02008012532 ' W02008024497 ' W02008024892 ' W02008032164 > W02008034032 ' W02008043544 > W02008044656 ' W02008046758 ' W02008052638 > W02008053194 ' W02008071169 > W02008074384 ' W02008076336 ' W02008076862 > W02008078725 ' W02008087654 ' W02008088540、W02008099145、W02008101885、 W02008101886、W02008101907、W02008101914、 W02008106128、W02008110196、W02008119017、 W02008120655 ' WO2008127924 ' W02008130951 > WO200813422卜 WO2008142859、WO2008142986、 WO2008157752 > W02009001817 ' W02009010416 > W02009017664、W02009020140、W02009023180、 W02009023181 ' W02009023664 ' W02009026422 ' W02009038064 ' W02009045753 ' W02009056881 ' 53 201040153 W02009059666 ' W02009070497、 W02009088997、 W02009098501、 W02009061498 > W02009063061 ' W02009074789、W02009075835、 W02009090239 ' W02009094169 ' W02009100872 ' W02009102428 ' W02009102460、W02009102761、W02009106817、 W02009108332 ' W02009112691 ' WO2009112845 > W02009114173、W02009117109、US2009264401、 WO2009118473、WO2009131669、WO2009132986、 WO2009134384、WO2009134387、WO2009134392、 W02009134400、WO200913558卜 WO2009138386 中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與蛋白質酪胺酸磷酸酶-1B (PTP1 B)之抑制劑如,例如 W0200119830-31、 W0200117516 > W02004506446 ' W02005012295 > W02005116003、W02005116003、W02006007959、DE 10 2004 060542.4、W02007009911、W02007028145、 W02007067612-615、W02007081755、W02007115058、 US2008004325、W02008033455、W02008033931、 W02008033932 > W02008033934 ' W02008089581 ' WO2008148744、W02009032321、W02009109999、 W02009109998中所述,組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與GPR109A之促 效劑(HM74A受體促效劑;NAR促效劑(菸鹼酸受體促效 劑)),例如菸驗酸或「延長釋放之菸鹼酸」結合MK-0524A (拉 54 201040153 羅匹余(laropiprant))或 ΜΚ-0524 或該等如 WO2004041274、
W02006045565 > W02006085108、 W02006124490、 W02007017262、 W02007027532、 WO2007134986 > W02008016968 ' W02008091338、 W02006045564 > W02006085112 > W02006113150、 W02007017265 ' W02007092364、 W02007150025 ' W02008051403 ' W02008097535、 W02006069242、 W02006085113、 W02007017261、 W02007015744 > W02007120575、 W02007150026 ' W02008086949、 W02008099448 ' US2008234277、W02008127591中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中’式I化合物係與菸鹼酸和辛伐 他;;丁 (simvastatin)之固體組合物組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與菸鹼酸或「延 長釋放之菸鹼酸」結合MK-0524A(拉羅匹余)組合給藥。 Ο 在本發明另一實施例中’式I化合物係與菸鹼酸或「延 長釋放之於驗酸」結合MK-0524A(拉羅匹侖)及與辛伐他丁 組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與菸鹼酸或另外的 菸鹼酸受體促效劑及前列腺素DP受體拮抗劑,例如該等如 W02008039882中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在本發明另一貫施例中,式I化合物係與Gpriig促效 劑如’例如W0200606753卜W02006067532中所述,組合 給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與GPR4〇之調節劑如,例 55 201040153 如 W02007013689、W02007033002、W02007106469 US2007265332、WO2007123225、W02007131619、 W02007131620 WO2007131622 W02008030520 W02008054675 W02008130514 W02009039943 W02007131621 WO2007136572 W02008030618 W02008066097 W02009038204 W02009048527 US2007265332 、 W02008001931 W02008054674 US2008176912 、 W02009039942 W02009054479 W02009058237、W02009111056 中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與GPR119(G-蛋白-偶合葡 萄糖依賴促胰島素分泌受體)之調節劑,例如PSN-119-1、 PSN-821、PSN-119-2、MBX-2982 或該等如,例如 W02004065380 ' W02005061489 (PSN-632408) ' W02006083491 > W02007003960-62 and W02007003964 ' W02007035355 W02008005569 W02008008895 W02008025800 、WO2007116229、W02007116230、 ' W02008005576 ' W02008008887 ' ' W02008025798 ' W02008025799 > 、W02008070692、W02008076243、 、W02008081207、 、W02008085316、 、W02008130584、 、WO2008137436、 、W02009014910、 W02008081204、W02008081205、 W0200807692、 W02008081206 W02008083238 W02008130581 WO2008137435 W02009012277 W02008081208、 W02008109702、 W02008130615、 W02009012275 ' W02009034388、 56 201040153 W02009038974 ' W02009050522 > W02009050523 > W02009055331、W02009105715、W02009105717、 W02009105722 ' W02009106561 ^ W02009106565 ' W02009117421、WO2009125434、WO2009126535、 W02009129036、US2009286812、W02009143049 中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與GPR120調節劑如’ 例如 EP1688138、W02008066131、W0200806613卜 W02008103500 ' W02008103501 > WO2008139879 > W02009038204中所述,組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與GPR105拮抗劑如’ 例如W02009000087、W02009070873中所述,組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與GPR43之促效劑’例 如ESN-282組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與荷爾蒙敏感或脂質_ (HSL)及/或磷脂酶之抑制劑如,例如W02005073199、 W02006074957 ' W02006087309 ' W02006111321 ' W02007042178 > WO2007119837 > WO2008122352 ' WO2008122357、W02009009287 中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與内皮脂酶之抑制劑如’ 例如W02007110216中所述,組合給藥。
在一實施例中,式I化合物係與磷脂酶A2抑制劑’例 如大拉博地(darapladib)或A-002,或該等如 W02008048866、W020080488867、US2009062369 中所述I 57 201040153 化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中’式I化合物係與揚梅普(myricitrin)(—脂 質酶抑制劑)組合給藥(WO2007119827)。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與肝糖合成酶激酶 -3p(GSK-3p)抑制劑如,例如 US2005222220、 W02005085230 ' W02005111018 > W02003078403 ' W02004022544 ' W02003106410 > W02005058908 > US2005038023、W02005009997、US2005026984、 W02005000836、W02004106343、EP1460075、 W02004014910 ' W02003076442 > W02005087727 ' W02004046117、W02007073117、W02007083978、 W02007120102、WO2007122634、W02007125109、 W02007125110 > US2007281949 ' W02008002244 ' W02008002245、W02008016123、W02008023239、 W02008044700、W02008056266、W02008057940、 W02008077138、EP193919卜 EP1939192、W02008078196、 W02008094992 ' WO2008112642 ' W02008112651 ^ WO2008113469、W02008121063、W02008121064、 EP-1992620、EP-1992621、EP1992624、EP-1992625、 W02008130312 > W02009007029 ' EP2020232 > W02009017452、W02009035634、W02009035684、 W02009038385、W02009095787、W02009095788、 W02009095789、W02009095792、WO2009145814、 US2009291982中所述,組合給藥。 58 201040153 在一實施例中,式i化合物係與磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧基激 酶(PEPCK)之抑制劑,例如該等如W02004074288中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與磷酸肌醇激酶_3(PI3K) 之抑制劑,例如該等於W02008027584、W02008070150、 WO2008125833、WO2008125835、WO2008125839、 W02009010530、W02009026345、W02009071888、 W02009071890、W02009071895中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中’式I化合物係與血清/糖皮質激素調節激 酶(SGK)之抑制劑如,例如W02006072354、 W02007093264 > W02008009335 > W02008086854 ' WO2008138448中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與糖皮質激素受體之調節 劑如,例如 W02008057855、W02008057856、 W02008057857、W02008057859、W02008057862、 W02008059867、W02008059866、W02008059865、 W02008070507、WO2008124665、WO2008124745、 WO2008146871、W02009015067、W02009040288、 W02009069736、WO2009149139 中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與鹽皮質受體(MR)之調節 劑’例如屈螺嗣(drospirenone)或該等如WO2008104306、 W02008119918中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與蛋白質激酶cp(PKcp) 之抑制劑,例如羅巴新寧(ruboxistaurin)或該等如 59 201040153 W02008096260、W02008125945中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與蛋白質激酶D之抑制 劑,例如多沙唑唤(doxazosin)(W02008088006)組合給藥。 在另一實施例中’式I化合物係與AMP-活化蛋白質教 酶(AMPK)之活化劑/調節劑如,例如W02007062568、 W02008006432、W02008016278、W02008016730、 W02008020607 > W02008083124 > WO2008136642 > W02009019445 ' W02009019446 > W02009019600 > W02009028891、W02009065131、W02009076631、 W02009079921、W02009100130、WO2009124636、 W02009135580中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與神經醯胺(ceramide)激酶 之抑制劑如,例如02007112914、WO2007149865中所述, 組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與MAPK-相互作用激酶 1或2(MNK1或2)之抑制劑如,例如W02007104053、 WO2007115822、W02008008547、W02008075741 中所述’ 組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與「I-kappaB激酶j之抑 制劑(IKK抑制劑)如,例如W02001000610、 W02001030774、W02004022057、W02004022553、 W02005097129、WO2005113544、US2007244140、 W02008099072、W02008099073、W02008099073、 W02008099074、W02008099075、W02009056693、 201040153 W02009075277、W02009089042、W02009120801 中所述, 組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與NF-kappaB (NFKB) 活化之抑制劑,例如雙水楊酸酯(salsalate)組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與ASK-1(凋亡信號調節 激酶 1)之抑制劑如,例如 W02008016131、WO2009123986 中所述,組合給藥。 ❹ 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與HMGCoA還原 酶抑制劑,例如辛伐他汀(simvastatin)、氟伐他汀 (fluvastatin)、普伐他汀(pravastatin)、洛伐他汀(lovastatin)、 阿托伐他 >丁(atorvastatin)、西立伐他 ί丁(cerivastatin)、羅蘇伐 他汀(rosuvastatin)、匹伐他汀(pitavastatin)、L-659699、 BMS-644950、NCX-6560 或該等如 US2007249583、 W02008083551、W02009054682中所描述之化合物組合給 藥。 Q 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與法尼酯X受體 (FXR)調節劑,例如 WAY-362450 或該等如 W02003099821、 W02005056554 ' W02007052843 > W02007070796 > W02007092751 > JP2007230909 ' W02007095174 ' W02007140174、W02007140183、W02008000643、 W02008002573 > W02008025539 ' W02008025540 > JP2008214222、JP2008273847、W02008157270、 US2008299118、US2008300235、W02009005998、 W02009012125 ' W02009027264 ' W02009062874 ' 61 201040153 US2009131409、US2009137554、US2009163552 ' WO2009127321、EP2128158中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與肝X受體(LXR) 之配體如,例如 W02007092965、W02008041003、 W02008049047、W02008065754、W02008073825、 US2008242677 ' W02009020683 > US2009030082 > W02009021868、US2009069373、W02009024550、 W02009040289 ' W02009086123 ' W02009086129 ' W02009086130、W02009086138、W02009107387、 US2009247587、WO2009133692、WO2008138438 中所述, 組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與纖維酸,例如# 諾貝特(fenofibrate)、氯貝丁酯(clofibrate)或苯扎貝特 (bezafibrate)或該等如W02008093655中所述之化合物組合 給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與纖維酸類,例妒 非諾貝特之膽鹼鹽(SLV-348 ; Trilipix™)組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中’式I化合物係與纖維酸類,例妒 非諾貝特之膽鹼鹽(TrilipixTM)及HMG_c〇A還原酶抑制齊j, 例如羅蘇伐他汀組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中’式I化合物係與苯扎貝特和> 氟尼柳(diflunisal)組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與非諾貝特戋其鱗 和辛伐他汀、羅蘇伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、西立伐他 62 201040153 汀、普伐他汀、匹伐他汀或阿托伐他汀之固體組合物組合給 藥0 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與辛諾迪亞 [Synordia(R)]、非諾貝特和美弗明之固體組合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中’式I化合物係與美弗明和MTP 抑制劑之固體組合物,如W02009090210中所述,組合給藥。 Ο 在本發明一實施例中’式I化合物係與膽固醇再吸收抑 制劑,例如依澤替米貝(ezetimibe)、替奎安(tiqueside)、帕馬 苷(pamaqueside)、FM-VP4(植物留醇/菜油留醇抗壞血酸磷 酯;Forbes Medi-Tech、W02005042692、W02005005453)、 MD-0727(Microbia Inc. ' W02005021497 > W02005021495) 或與 W02002066464、W02005000353 (Kotobuki Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.)或 W02005044256 或 W02005062824 (Merck & Co.)或 W02005061451 和 W02005061452(AstraZeneca AB)及 W02006017257(Phenomix)或 W02005033100(Lipideon Biotechnology AG)中所述之化合物,或如 W02002050060、 W02002050068、W02004000803、W02004000804、 W02004000805、W02004087655、W02004097655、 W02005047248 ' W02006086562 > W02006102674 > WO2006116499 ' W02006121861 ' WO2006122216 ' WO2006127893 ' WO2006137796 > WO2006137782 > WO2006137797 ' WO2006137795 ' WO2006122186、 WO2006137794、 WO2006137793、 WO2006137792、 63 201040153 WO2006138163、W02007059871、US2007232688、 WO2007126358 > W02008033431 ' W02008033465 ' W02008052658、W02008057336、W02008085300、 W02008104875、US2008280836、W02008108486 中所述’ 組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與NPC1L1桔抗 劑,例如該等於W02008033464、W02008033465中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與Vy t〇rinTM(—種 依澤替米貝和辛伐他、;丁之固體組合物)組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與依澤替米貝和阿 托伐他、;丁之固體組合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與依澤替米貝和非 諾貝特之固體組合物組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中’另外的活性成份為二苯基氮雜 環丁酮衍生物如’例如於US 6,992,067或US 7 205 290中所 述。 ,,❹ 在本發明另-實施例中’另外的活性成份為二苯基氮雜 環丁酮衍生物如’例如於US 6,992,067或US 7,205,290中所 述,以及他汀(statin),例如辛伐他汀、氟伐他汀、普伐他汀、 洛伐他、©立伐他丨了、阿減他;了、匹伐他、;了或羅蘇伐他 >丁之組合物。 在本發明-實施例中,式I化合物係與拉帕司他 (lapaquistat)(—種鮫鯊烯合成酶抑制劑)和阿托伐他;丁之固 64 201040153 體組合物組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中’式I化合物係與由HMGCoA 還原酶抑制劑阿托伐他汀與腎素抑制劑艾利斯克瑞 (aliskiren)組成之結合物(W0200909015 8)組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與CETP抑制劑, 例如女西措匹(torcetrapib)、安那措匹(anacetrapib)或 JTT-705(達西措匹(dalcetrapib))或該等如 W02006002342、 W02006010422 ' W02006012093 ' W02006073973 > W02006072362、W02007088996、W02007088999、 US2007185058、US2007185113、US2007185154、 US2007185182 > W02006097169 ' W02007041494 > W02007090752、W02007107243、W02007120621、 US2007265252 ' US2007265304 ' WO2007128568 ' W02007132906、W02008006257、W02008009435、 W02008018529、W02008058961、W02008058967、 W02008059513、W02008070496、WO2008115442、 W02008111604、WO2008129951、W02008141077、 US2009118287、W02009062371、W02009071509 中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與膽酸再吸收抑制 劑(小腸膽酸轉運體之抑制劑(IBAT))(參見,例如US 6,245,744、US 6,221,897 或 WOOO/61568),例如 HMR 1741 或該等如 DE 10 2005 033099.1 和 DE 10 2005 033100.9、DE 10 2006 053635 ' DE 10 2006 053637 > W02007009655-56 > 65 201040153 W02008058628 > W02008058629 > W02008058630 ' W02008058631中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與GPBARl (G-蛋白偶合 膽酸受體-1 ; TGR5)之促效劑如,例如於US20060199795、 W02007110237、W02007127505、W02008009407、 W02008067219、W02008067222、FR2908310、 W02008091540、W02008097976、US2009054304、 W02009026241、WO2009146772 中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與組蛋白去乙醯酶,例如 去氧熊膽酸(ursodeoxycholic acid),如 W02009011420 中所 述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與TRPM5通道(TRP陽離 子通道M5)之抑制劑/調節劑如,例如於W02008097504、 W02009038722中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與TRPA1通道(TRP陽離 子通道A1)之抑制劑/調節劑如,例如於US2009176883、 W02009089083、WO2009144548 中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與TRPV3通道(TRP陽離 子通道B3)之抑制劑/調節劑如,例如於W02009084034、 W02009130560中所述,組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中’式I化合物係與聚合性膽酸吸收 劑,例如膽苯稀胺(cholestyramine)或考來維备(colesevelam) 鹽酸鹽組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中’式Ϊ化合物係與考來維备鹽酸鹽 66 201040153 和美弗明或磺醯尿素或胰島素組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式丨化合物係與生育三烯醇 (tocotrienol)和胰島素或胰島素衍生物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與包含植物固醇 (phytosterols)(ReductolTM)之口香糖組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式Z化合物係與微粒體三酸甘油 酯轉運蛋白之抑制劑(MTP抑制劑),例如英普他派 ❹ (implitapide)、BMS-201038、R-103757、AS-1552133、 SLx-4090、AEGR-733、JTT-130 或該等如 w〇2〇〇5〇85226、 W02005121091、W02006010423、W02006113910、 WO2007143164、W02008049806、W02008049808、 W02008090198、W02008100423、W02009014674 中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中’式I化合物係與膽固醇吸收抑 制劑,例如依澤替米貝和三酸甘油酯轉運蛋白之抑制劑 ❹ (MTP抑制劑),例如英普他派’如於W02008030382或於 W02008079398中所述,組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與抗高三酸甘油酯 活性成份,例如於WO2008032980中所述之化合物組合給 藥〇 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與體抑素5受體 (SST5受體)之拮抗劑’例如該等於W02006094682中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與ACAT抑制劑例 67 201040153 如阿瓦辛貝(avasimibe)、SMP-797或KY-382或該等於 W02008087029、W02008087030、W02008095189、 W02009030746 > W02009030747 ' W02009030750 > W02009030752、W02009070130、W02009081957、 W02009081957中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與肝肉毒鹼椋櫚 醯轉移酶-l(L-CPTl)之抑制劑如,例如於W02007063012、 W02007096251 (ST-3473)、W02008015081、 US2008103182、W02008074692、WO2008145596、 W02009019199中所述,組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與肉毒鹼〇-椋櫚 醯轉移酶II (CPT2)之抑制劑如,例如於US2009270500、 US2009270505、WO2009132978、WO2009132979 中所述, 組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與絲胺酸棕櫚醯 轉移酶(SPT)之調節劑如,例如於W02008031032、 W0200804607卜 W02008083280、W02008084300 中所述’ 組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與鮫鯊烯合成酶抑 制劑,例如BMS-188494、TAK-475(拉帕司他乙酸鹽)或如 W02005077907、JP2007022943、W02008003424、 WO2008132846、WO2008133288、WO2009136396 中所述’ 組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與ISIS-301012(米 68 201040153 波美森(mipomersen)),一種能調節载脂蛋白b (apolipoproteinB)基因之反義寡核酸,組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與載脂蛋白(ΑροΒ) SNALP,一種包含siRNA(抗ΑροΒ基因)之治療產品,組合 給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與Αρ〇Α-1基因之 調節劑如’例如於W02008092231中所述,組合給藥。 ❹ 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與LDL受體誘發劑 (參見 US 6,342,512),例如 HMRim、HMR1586 或該等如 W02005097738、W02008020607中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中’式I化合物係與HDL膽固醇 升高劑’例如該等於 W02008040651、W02008099278、 W02009071099、W02009086096、US2009247550 中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與ABCA1表現促 q 進劑如,例如於 W02006072393、W02008062830、 W02009100326中所述,組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與脂蛋白脂解酶調 卽劑’例如艾普平(ibrolipim)(NO-1886)組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中’式I化合物係與脂蛋白(a)拮抗 劑’例如拮卡賓(gemcabene)(CI-1027)組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中’另外的活性成份為脂肪酶抑制 劑’例如奥利司他(orlistat)或西替司他(cetilistat)(ATL-962) 組合給藥。 69 201040153 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與腺苷酸A1受體 促效劑(腺苷酸A1 R)’例如CVT-3619或該等如EP1258247、 EP1375508、W02008028590、W02008077050、 W02009050199、W02009080197、W02009100827、 W02009112155中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與腺苷酸A2B受體 促效劑(腺苷酸A2B R),例如ATL-801組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與腺苷酸A2A/ 腺苷酸A3受體之調節劑如,例如於W02007111954、 W02007121918 > W02007121921 ' WO2007121923 > W02008070661、W02009010871 中所述,組合給藥。 在本發明另一實施例中,式I化合物係與腺苷酸A1/A2B 受體之配體如,例如於W02008064788、W02008064789、 W02009080198、W02009100827、WO2009143992 中所述, 組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與腺苷酸A2B受體 拮抗劑(腺苷酸A2B R)如,例如於US2007270433、 W02008027585、W02008080461、W02009037463、 W02009037467、W02009037468、WO2009118759 中所述’ 組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與乙醯-CoA羧化酶(ACC1 及/或 ACC2),例如該等於 W0199946262、WO200372197、 W02003072197、W02005044814、W02005108370、 JP2006131559、W02007011809、W02007011811、 70 201040153 、W02007095601-603、WO2007119833、 、W02008069500、W02008070609、 、W02008079610、W02008088688、 、W02008088692、US2008171761、 、JP200817962卜 US2008200461 、 、W02008103382、WO2008121592、 、US2009253725 、 JP2009196966 、 ❹ W02009144554、W02009144555中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與微粒體醯基-CoA:甘 油-3-磷酸醯基移轉酶3之調節劑(GPAT3,描述於 02007100789中)或與微粒體醯基-CoA :甘油_3_磷酸醯基移 轉酶4之調節劑(GPAT4,描述於W02007100833中)組合給 藥0 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與黃嘌呤氧化酶(XOR) 組合給藥。
W02007013691 W02008065508 W02008072850 W02008088689 W02008090944 W02008102749 W02009082346 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與可溶性環氧化合物水 解酶(sEH)如,例如於 W02008051873、W02008051875、 W02008073623 ' W02008094869 > W02008112022 ' W02009011872、W02009049154、W02009049157、 W02009049165、W02009073772、W02009097476、 W02009111207、W02009129508 中所述,組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與CART調節劑組合給 藥(參見"Cocaine-amphetamine-regulated transcript influences energy metabolism, anxiety and gastric emptying in mice" 71 201040153
Asakawa,Α·等人:Hormone and Metabolic Research (2001), 33(9), 554-558); NPY拮抗劑,例如{4-[(4-胺基喹唑啉-2-基胺基)曱基]環己基 曱基}萘-1-磺醯胺鹽酸鹽(CGP 71683A)或韋利貝特 (velneperit)或該等如W02009110510中所述之化合物; NPY-5受體拮抗劑/受體調節劑,例如L-152804或來自Banyu 之化合物”NPY-5-BY”或如,例如於W02006001318、 W02007103295、WO2007125952、W02008026563、 W02008026564 > W02008052769 > W02008092887 > W02008092888、W02008092891、W02008129007、 WO2008134228、W02009054434、W02009095377、 W02009131096中所述之化合物; NPY-4受體拮抗劑如,例如W02007038942中所述; NPY-2受體拮抗劑/調節劑如,例如於W02007038943、 W02009006185、US2009099199、US2009099243、 US2009099244、W02009079593、W02009079597 中所述’ 胜肽YY3-36 (PYY3-36)或類似化合物,例如CJC-1682 (PYY3-36經由Cys34與人類血清白蛋白相結合)或 CJC-1643(在活體内與血清白蛋白結合之PYY3-36之衍生物) 或該等於 W02005080424、W02006095166、 W02008003947、W02009080608 中所述之化合物; NPY-2受體促效劑如,例如於W02009080608中所述; 腦腸肽之衍生物,如W02006096847中所述; CB1R(大麻驗(cannabinoid)受體1)拮抗劑/反向促效齊彳’制 72 201040153 利莫那班(rimonabant)、漠乙那班(surinabant)(SR147778)、 SLV-319 (伊必那班(ibipinabant))、AVE-1625、塔瑞那班 (taranabant)(MK-0364)或其鹽類、奥特那班 (otenabant)(CP-945,598)、羅索那班(rosonabant)、V-24343 或 該等如,例如於 EP 0656354、WO 00/15609、 WO2001/64632-64634 ' WO 02/076949 > W02005080345 ' W02005080328、W02005080343、W02005075450、 W02005080357、W0200170700、W02003026647-48、 W0200302776、W02003040107、W02003007887、 W02003027069、US6,509,367、WO200132663、 W02003086288、W02003087037、W02004048317、 W02004058145 > W02003084930 ' W02003084943 ' W02004058744、W02004013120、W02004029204、 W02004035566 ' W02004058249 ' W02004058255 ' W02004058727、W02004069838、US20040214837、 US20040214855、US20040214856、W02004096209、 W02004096763、W02004096794、W02005000809、 W02004099157、US20040266845、W02004110453、 W02004108728 ' W02004000817 > W02005000820 > US20050009870、W0200500974、W02004111033-34、 W0200411038-39 ' W02005016286 ' W02005007111 ' W02005007628 > US20050054679 > W02005027837 ' W02005028456 ' W02005063761-62 ' W02005061509 ' W02005077897、W02006018662、W02006047516、 73 201040153 W02006060461 ' W02006067428 ' W02006067443 ' W02006087480 ' W02006087476 > W02006100208 ' W02006106054、W02006111849、W02006113704、 W02007009705 ' W02007017124 > W02007017126 ' W02007018459 ' W02007018460 ' W02007016460 ' W02007020502 ' W02007026215 > W02007028849 ' W02007031720 > W02007031721 ' W02007036945 > W02007038045 ' W02007039740 ' US20070015810 > W02007046548 > W02007047737 ' W02007057687 ' W02007062193 > W02007064272 ' W02007079681 > W02007084319 > W02007084450 > W02007086080 ' EP1816125、US2007213302、W02007095513、 W02007096764 > US2007254863 > W02007119001 ' W02007120454 > WO2007121687 ' WO2007123949 > US2007259934、W02007131219、W02007133820、 WO2007136571、W02007136607、WO2007136571、 US7297710、W02007138050、WO2007139464、 W02007140385 > W02007140439 > WO2007146761 > W02007148061 > W02007148062 ' US2007293509 ' W02008004698、W02008017381、US2008021031、 W02008024284 ' W02008031734 ' W02008032164 ' W02008034032 ' W02008035356 ' W02008036021 ' W02008036022 ' W02008039023 ' WO2998043544 > W020080441U、W02008048648、EP1921072-A1、 74 201040153 W02008053341 ' W02008056377 ' W02008059207 ' W02008059335 > W02008062424 > W02008068423 ' W02008068424 ' W02008070305 ' W02008070306 ' W02008074816 ' W02008074982 > W02008075012 ' W02008075013 ' W02008075019 ' W02008075118 ' W02008076754、W02008081009、W02008084057、 EP1944295 > US2008090809 ' US2008090810 ' W02008092816、W02008094473、W02008094476、 W02008099076、W02008099139、W02008101995、 US2008207704、W02008107179、W02008109027、 WO2008112674、W02008115705、W02008118414、 WO2008119999、W0200812000、WO2008121257、 WO2008127585、WO2008129157、W02008130616、 W02008134300、US2008262066、US2008287505、 W02009005645 > W02009005646 ' W02009005671 ' W02009023292、W02009023653、W02009024819、 W02009033125、EP2042175、 W02009053548-W02009053553 ' W02009054923 > W02009054929、W02009059264、W02009073138、 W02009074782 ' W02009075691 ' W02009078498 ' W02009087285 ' W02009074782 ' W02009097590 ' W02009097995 ' W02009097996 > W02009097998 ' W02009097999、W02009098000、W02009106708、 US2009239909、WO2009118473、US2009264436、 75 201040153 US2009264476、W02009130234、W02009131814、 W02009131815 > US2009286758 > WO2009141532 ' WO2009141533中所述之化合物; 大麻鹼受體1/大麻鹼受體2(CB1,/CB2) ’例如δ-9-四氫次大 麻酚或該等如,例如於W02007001939、W02007044215、 W02007047737 ' W02007095513 > W02007096764 > WO2007112399 ' W02007112402 ' WO2008122618 ' W02009007697、W02009012227、W02009087564、 W02009093018、W02009095752、W02009120660 中所述^ 化合物; 大麻鹼受體2 (CB2)調節化合物,例如該等於 W02008063625、W02008157500、W02009004171、 W02009032754 > W02009055357 > W02009061652 ' W02009063495、W02009067613、WO2009114566 中所述^ 化合物; FAAH(脂肪酸醯胺水解酶)如,例如於W02007140005、 W02008019357、W02008021625、W02008023720、 W02008030532 ' WO2008129129 ' WO2008145839 ' WO2008145843、WO2008147553、WO2008153752、 W02009011904、W02009048101、W02009084970、 W02009109504、W02009109743、WO2009117444、 WO2009127944、WO2009138416 中所述; 脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)之抑制劑如,例如於W02008057585、 W02008059214 > W02008075064 ' W02008075070 ' 76 201040153 W02008075077、W02009079860 中所述; LCE(長鏈脂肪酸延長酶)/長鏈脂肪酸CoA連接酶如,例如於 W02008120653 > W02009038021 ' W02009044788 ' W02009081789、W02009099086 中所述; 類香草素-1受體調節劑(TRPV1之調節劑)如,例如於 W02007091948、WO2007129188、WO2007133637、 W02008007211 W02008018827 W02008032204 W02008059370 W02008090382 W02008107543 WO2008125295 WO2008125342 W02009010529 W02009023539 W02009055629 W02009081222 W02008007780 W02008010061 W02008024433 W02008050199 W02008066664 W02008090434 W02008107544 WO2008125296 W02008132600 W02009010824 W02009038812 W02009055749 W02009089057 W02009112678 WO2009124551
、W02008010061 ' W02008015335 ' W02008024438 ' W02008059339 ' W02008075150 ' W02008093024 、W02008110863 、WO2008125337 、WO2008133973 > W02009016241 > W02009050348 > W02009064449 ' W02009109710W02009112677 ' 、WO2009112679、W02009121036、 、WO2009136625 中所述; 類阿片受體之調節劑、配體、拮抗劑或反向促效劑,例如 GSK-982 或該等如,例如 W02007047397、W02008021849 W02008021851 ' W02008032156 ' W02008059335 ' 77 201040153 WO2008125348、WO2008125349、WO2008142454、 W02009030962、W02009103552、WO2009115257 中所述’ 「孤兒類阿片(ORL-1)受體」之調節劑如,例如於 US2008249122、W02008089201 中所述; 前列腺素受體之促效劑,例如比瑪前列腺素(bimatoprost)或 該等如於W02007111806中所述之化合物; MC4受體促效劑(黑皮質素_4受體促效劑,MC4R促效劑, 例如N-[2-(3a-苯曱基-2-曱基-3-酮基_2,3,38,4,6,7-六氫-吡唑 并[4,3-小比啶-5-基)-1-(4-氯苯基)-2-酮基乙基]-1-胺基 -1,2,3,4_四氫萘-2-曱醯胺;(WO 01/91752))或 LB53280、 LB53279、LB53278 或 THIQ、MB243、RY764、CHIR-785、 PT-141、MK-0493 或該等如 W02005060985、 W02005009950 ' W02004087159 > W02004078717 ' W02004078716、W02004024720、US20050124652、 W02005051391、WO2004112793、WOUS20050222014、 US20050176728、US20050164914、US20050124636、 US20050130988 > US20040167201 ' W02004005324 ' W02004037797、W02004089307、W02005042516、 W02005040109 ' W02005030797 ' US20040224901 ' W0200501921 ' W0200509184 ' W02005000339 ' EP1460069 ' W02005047253 ' W02005047251 ' WO2005118573、EP1538159、W02004072076、 W02004072077 > W02006021655-57 ' W02007009894 ^ W02007015162 ' W02007041061 ' W02007041052 ' 78 201040153 JP2007131570、ΕΡ-1842846、W02007096186、 W02007096763、WO2007141343、W02008007930、 W02008017852、W02008039418、W02008087186、 W02008087187、W02008087189、 W02008087186-W02008087190 ' W02008090357 > WO2008142319、W02009015867、W02009061411、 US2009076029、US2009131465、W02009071101、 Ο US2009305960、WO2009144432 中所述之化合物; MC4受體調節劑黑皮質素-4受體調節劑)如,例如於 W02009010299、W02009074157 中所述; 食慾素(orexin)受體1拮抗劑(OX1R拮抗劑),食慾素受體2 拮抗劑(OX2R拮抗劑)或混合的OX1R/OX2R拮抗劑(例如 1-(2-甲基苯并啐唑-6-基)-3-[1,5]萘啶-4-基尿素鹽酸鹽 (SB-334867-A)或該等例如於 W0200196302、 WO200185693、W02004085403、W02005075458、 W02006067224 > W02007085718 ' W02007088276 WO2007116374 WO2007126935 W02008008551 W02008038251 W02008078291 W02008108991 WO2008147518 W02009003997 WO2007122591 W02008008517 W02008020405 US2008132490 、 W02008087611 W02008107335 W02008150364 W02009011775 WO2007126934、 W02008008518 > • W02008026149 > W02008065626 > • W02008081399 > • US2008249125、 > W02009003993、 .W02009016087、 79 201040153 W02009020642、W02009058238、US2009186920、 US2009203736、W02009092642、W02009100994、 W02009104155、WO2009124956、WO2009133522)中戶斤述 之化合物; 組胺酸H3受體拮抗劑/反向促效劑(例如3-環己基-l-(4,4-二 曱基-1,4,6,7-四氫咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-5-基)-丙-1-酮草酸鹽 (WO 00/63208)或該等如 W0200064884、W02005082893、 WO2005123716、US2005171181 (例如 PF-00389027)、 W02006107661、W02007003804、W02007016496、 W02007020213、W02007049798、W02007055418、 W02007057329、W02007062999、W02007065820、 W02007068620 ' W02007068641 > W02007075629 ' W02007080140 ' W02007082840 ' W02007088450 ' W02007088462、W02007094962、W02007099423、 W02007100990、W02007105053、W02007106349、 W02007110364、WO2007115938、W02007131907、 WO2007133561 ' US2007270440 > W02007135111 ' WO2007137955 > US2007281923 > WO2007137968 > WO2007138431、WO2007146122、W02008005338、 W02008012010 ' W02008015125 ' W02008045371 ' EP1757594 ' W02008068173 > W02008068174 ' US20080171753、W02008072703、W02008072724、 US2008188484、US2008188486、US2008188487、 W02008109333、W02008109336、WO2008126886、 80 201040153 WO2008154126、WO2008151957、US2008318952、 W02009003003、W02009013195、W02009036132、 W02009039431、W02009045313、W02009058300、 W02009063953、W02009067401、W02009067405、 W02009067406、US2009163464、W02009100120、 W02009105206、W02009121812、WO2009126782)中所述之 化合物; Ο
組胺酸Η1/組胺酸Η3調節劑,例如倍他司汀(betahistine)或 其二鹽酸鹽; ^ 組胺酸H3轉運體或組胺酸H3/血清素(serotonin)轉運體之調 節劑如,例如於 W02008002816、W02008002817、 W02008002818、W02008002820 中所述; 囊泡膜單胺轉運體2 (VMAT2)之調節劑如,例如於 W02009126305 中所述; 組胺酸H4調節劑如,例如於W02007117399、US2009156613 中所述; 01^拮抗劑(例如[2-曱基-9-(2,4,6-三曱基苯基)-911-1,3,9-三 氮雜苐-4-基]二丙基胺(W0 00/66585))或該等如 W02007105113、WO2007133756、W02008036541、 W02008036579、W02008083070 中所述之 CRF1 拮抗劑); CRF BP拮抗劑(例如優可汀(urocortin)); 優可汀促效劑; β-3腎上腺素受體之調節劑,例如1-(4-氯-3-甲磺醯基曱基苯 基)-2-[2-(2,3-二曱基-lH-η引哚-6-基氧)乙基胺基]乙醇鹽酸鹽 201040153 (WO 01/83451))或索拉貝隆(solabegron)(GW_427353)或 N-5984 (KRP-204)或該等於 JP2006111553、 W02002038543、W02002038544、W02007048840-843、 W02008015558、EP1947103、WO2008132162 中所述之化合 物; MSH(促黑激素)促效劑; MCH(黑色素聚集激素)受體拮抗劑(例如NBI-845、A-761、 A-665798、A-798、ATC-0175、T-226296、T-71 (AMG-071、 AMG-076)、GW-856464、NGD-4715、ATC-0453、ATC-0759、 GW-803430 或該等如 W02005085200、W02005019240、 W02004011438 W02004072025 W02004039780 W02002006245 W02003004027 W02006038680 JP2006176443 、 W02006118320 W02007012661 W02007039462 W02007042669 W02007048802 、W02004012648、W02003015769、 、W02005070898、W02005070925、 、W02004092181、W02003033476、 、W02002089729、W02002002744、 、FR2868780、W02006010446、
、W02006044293、W02006044174、 W02006018280 > W02006018279 > 、W02006130075、W02007018248、 、W02007029847、W02007024004、 、W02007042660、W02007042668、 、US2007093508 、 US2007093509 、 、JP2007091649、W02007092416 ; W02007093363-366、W02007114902、W02007114916、 W02007141200、WO2007142217、US2007299062、 82 201040153 WO2007146758 W02008016811 W02008038692 W02008047544 W02008068265 JP2008088120 ' 、WO2007146759、W02008001160 > W02008020799 ' W02008022979 、W02008041090、W02008044632 ' W02008061109 ' W02008065021 ' W02008071646 ' W02008076562 W02008086404 > W02008086409 > US2008269110、W02008140239、W02009021740、 US2009011994、US2009082359、W02009041567、 W02009076387 > W02009089482 > W02009103478 > WO2009119726、W02009120655、WO2009123194、 W02009137270、WO2009146365 中所述之化合物); CCK-A (CCK-1)促效劑/調節劑(例如{2-[4·(4-氯-2,5-二甲氧 基苯基)-5-(2-環己基乙基)-"塞》坐-2-基胺曱酿基]-5,7-二曱基 吲哚-l-基}乙酸三氟乙酸鹽(WO 99Π5525)或SR-146131(WO 0244150)或 SSR-125180)或該等如 W02005116034、 W02007120655、W02007120688、W02007120718、 W02008091631中所述之化合物; 血清素再吸收抑制劑(例如右芬氟拉明(dexfenfluramine))或 該等於 WO2007148341、W02008034142、W02008081477、 W0200812076卜 W02008141081、W02008141082、 WO2008145135、W02008150848、W02009043834、 W02009077858中所述之化合物; 混合血清素/多巴胺再吸收抑制劑(例如笨丙胺(bupropion)) 或該於W02008063673中所述之化合物或苯丙胺與曲酮 83 201040153 (naltrexone)或苯丙胺與吐尼沙胺(zonisamide)之固體組合 物; 混合的再吸收抑制劑,例如DOV-21947或該等如 W02009016214 > W02009016215 ' W02009077584 > W02009098208、W02009098209、W02009106769、 W02009109517 > W02009109518 ' W02009109519 > W02009109608、WO2009145357、WO2009149258 中所述之 化合物; 混合的血清素-及正腎上腺素之化合物(例如WO 00/71549); 5-HT受體促效劑,例如1 -(3-乙基苯并呋喃-7-基)哌畊草酸鹽 (WO 01/09111); 混合的多巴胺/正腎上腺素/乙醯膽鹼再吸收抑制劑(例如泰 索分辛(tesofensine))或該該等如,例如於W02006085118、 W02008150480中所述之化合物; 多巴胺拮抗劑如,例如於W02008079838、W02008079839、 W02008079847、W02008079848 中所述; 正腎上腺素再吸收抑制劑如,例如於US2008076724、 W02009062318 中所述; 5-HT1A受體調節劑如,例如於W02009006227、 WO2009137679、WO2009137732 中所述; 5-HT2A受體拮抗劑如,例如於WO2007138343中所述; 5-HT2C受體促效劑(例如羅卡色林鹽酸鹽(lorcaserine hydrochloride)(APD-356)或 BVT-933 或該等於 W0200077010、W0200077001-02、W02005019180 ' 84 201040153 W02003064423、W0200242304、W02005035533、 W02005082859 > W02006004937 ' US2006025601 ' W02006028961 > W02006077025 > W02006103511 ' W02007028132 ' W02007084622 ' US2007249709 ; WO2007132841、W02007140213、W02008007661、 W02008007664 ' W02008009125 ' W02008010073 > W02008108445 > W02009063991 ' W02009063992 ' W02009063993、W02009079765 中所述之化合物); 5-HT6 受體調節劑,例如 E-6837、BVT-74316 或 PRX-07034 或該等如,例如於 W02005058858、W02007054257、 W02007107373、W02007108569、W02007108742-744、 W02008003703 > W02008027073 > W02008034815 ' W02008054288 > EP1947085 > W02008084491 ' W02008084492、W02008092665、W02008092666、 W02008101247、W02008110598、W02008116831、 WO2008116833、W02008136017、WO2008147812、 EP2036888、W02009013010、W02009034581、 W02009053997、W02009056632、W02009073118、 W02009115515、WO2009135925、WO2009135927 中所述之 化合物; 雌激素受體γ之促效劑(ERR/y促效劑)如’例如於 W02007131005、W02008052709 中所述; 雌激素受體α之促效劑(ERRa/ERRl促效劑)如,例如於 W02008109727 中所述; 85 201040153 雌激素受體β之促效劑(ERRp促效劑)如,例如於 W02009055734、W02009100335、WO2009127686 中所述 σ-l受體拮抗劑如,例如於W02007098953、 W02007098961、W02008015266、W02008055932、 W02008055933、W02009071657 中所述; 毒繩驗(muscarin)3受體(M3R)拮抗劑如’例如於 W02007110782、W02008041184 中所述; 鈴檐肽(bombesin)受體促效劑(BRS-3促效劑)如’例如於 W02008051404、W02008051405、W02008051406、 W02008073311 中所述; 甘丙肽(galanin)受體拮抗劑; 生長激素(例如人類生長激素或AOD-9604); 生長激素釋放化合物(6-苯曱基氧基-1-(2-二異丙基胺基 基胺曱醯基)-3,4-二氬-1H-異喹啉-2-羧酸第三丁酯(WO 01/85695)); 生長激素促分泌素受體拮抗劑(飢餓素(ghrelin)拮抗劑)例> A-778193 或該於 W02005030734、WO2007127457、 W02008008286、W02009056707 中所述之化合物; 生長激素促分泌素受體調節劑(饥餓素調節劑),例如 JMV-2959、JMV-3002、JMV-2810、JMV-2951 或該等如 W02006012577 (例如 YIL-781 或 YIL-870)、 W02007079239 ' W02008092681 ' WO2008145749 '
WO2008148853、WO2008148854、WO2008148856、 W02009047558、W02009071283、W02009115503 中所述I 86 201040153 化合物; TRH促進劑(參見例如EP 0 462 884); 去偶合蛋白2或3調節劑(如,例如於WO2009128583中所 述); 化學去偶合劑(例如 W02008059023、W02008059024、 W02008059025 > W02008059026); 痩體素(leptin)促效劑(參見例如Lee, Daniel W. ; Leinung, Matthew C. ; Rozhavskaya-Arena > Marina ; Grasso, Patricia. Leptin agonists as a potential approach to the treatment of obesity. Drugs of the Future (2001)、26(9)、873-881); 痩體素受體調節劑如,例如於W02009019427、 W02009071658、W02009071668、W02009071677、 W02009071678、W02009147211、WO2009147216、 WO2009147219、WO2009147221 中所述; DA促效劑(溴麥角隱亭(bromocriptine)、漠麥角隱亭甲石黃酸 鹽、多普辛(Doprexin))或該等如US2009143390中所述之化 合物; 脂肪酶/澱粉酶抑制劑(例如WO 00/40569、W02008107184、 W02009049428 ' WO2009125819); 二醯基甘油酯Ο-醯基轉移酶(DGAT)抑制劑,例如 BAY-74-4113 或如,例如於 US2004/0224997、 W02004094618、W0200058491、W02005044250、 W02005072740、JP2005206492、W02005013907、 W02006004200、W02006019020、W02006064189、 87 201040153 W02006082952 > W02006120125 ' W02006113919 ' WO2006134317、W02007016538、W02007060140、 JP2007131584、W02007071966、WO2007126957、 W02007137103、W02007137107、W02007138304、 W02007138311、W02007141502、W02007141517、 WO2007141538、WO2007141545、WO2007144571、 W02008011130 > W02008011131 ' W02008039007 ' W02008048991 > W02008067257 ' W02008099221 ' WO2008129319、WO2008141976、W02008148840、 WO2008148849 > WO2008148851 > WO2008148868 ' W02009011285 ' W02009016462 ' W02009024821 ' US2009076275、W02009040410、W02009071483、 W02009081195、WO2009119534、WO2009126624、 WO2009126861 中所述; 單醯基甘油酯醯基轉移酶(2-醯基甘油酯〇-醯基轉移_ ; MGAT)之抑制劑如,例如於W02008038768中所述; 脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)抑制劑,例如C75或該等於 W02004005277、W02008006113 中所述之化合物; 硬脂酿基-CoA39去飽和酶(SCD1)之抑制劑如,例如於 W02007009236、W02007044085、W02007046867、 W02007046868 ' W020070501124 > W02007056846 > W02007071023、W02007130075、WO2007134457、 WO2007136746 > WO2007143597 > WO2007143823 > WO2007143824、W02008003753、W0200801716卜 88 201040153 Ο US20080255130 > US2008255161 W02009010560 ' W02009016216 W02008024390 W02008043087 W02008056687 W02008074824 W02008074834 W02008096746 US2008249100 、 WO2008123469 W02008135141 ' W02008029266 ' W02008044767 ' W02008062276 ' W02008074832 « W02008074835 » W02008104524 W02008120744、 ^ WO2008127349 • WO2008139845 ' W02008036715 、W02008046226 、W02008064474 、W02008074833 » W02008089580 » WO2008116898 W02008120759、 » WO2008128335 * WO2008141455 WO2008141455 « W02009012573 W02009024287 ' JP2009019013 ' W02009037542 > W02009056556、W02009060053、W02009060054、 W02009070533、W02009073973、W02009103739、 WO2009117659、WO2009117676、US2009253693、 US2009253738、WO2009124259、WO2009126123、 WO2009126527、WO2009129625、W02009137201 中所述, 脂肪酸去飽和酶1(δ5去飽和酶)之抑制劑如’例如於 W02008089310 中所述; 單甘油酯脂肪酶(MGL)之抑制劑,如於WO2008145842中所 述; 高脂血/高三酸甘油酯吲哚啉化合物如於W02008039087、 W02009051119 中所述; 「脂肪細胞型脂肪酸結合蛋白aP2」之抑制劑’例如 89 201040153 BMS-309403或該等於W02009028248中所述之化合物’ 脂聯素(adiponectin)分泌之活化劑如’例如於 . W02006082978、W02008105533、WO2008136173 中所述’ 脂肪細胞脂聯素促動劑如’例如於WO2007125946、 W02008038712 中所述; 修飾的脂聯素如,例如於W02008121009中所述, 胃泌酸調節素(oxyntomodulin)或其類似物(例如TKS-1225); 油醯雌酮; 0 或曱狀腺激素受體促效劑或部分促效劑(曱狀腺激素受體促 效劑),例如:KB-2115(艾普提洛(eprotirome))、QRX-431 (索 比提洛(sobetirome))或 DITPA 或該等如 WO20058279、 WO200172692、WO200194293、W02003084915、 W02004018421、W02005092316、W02007003419、 W02007009913、W02007039125、W02007110225、 W02007110226、WO2007128492、WO2007132475、 WO2007134864、W02008001959、W02008106213、 JP2009155261中所述之化合物; Ο 或曱狀腺激素受體β(τκ_-β)之促效劑,例如MB-07811或 ΜΒ-07344或該等於W〇2〇〇8062469中所述之化合物組合給 藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與艾普提洛和依澤 替米貝之組合物組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與區位_丨蛋白酶 (S1P)之抑制劑,例如PF-429242組合給藥。 201040153 在本發明另一實施例中,式i化合物係與「示踨胺連接 受體 1」(TAAR1)如’例如於 US2008146523, W02008092785 中所述,組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式I化合物係與生長因子受體結 合蛋白2(GRB2)如,例如於W02008067270中所述,組合給 藥。 在本發明另一貫施例中,式I化合物傣與抗PCSK9 (前 Ο 蛋白轉化酶枯草溶菌素/kexin 9型)之治療劑RNAi (siRNA) 組合給藥。 在本發明-實施例中,式ί化合物係與〇mac〇r⑧或 L〇Vaza™(〇)-3脂肪酸酯;高濃縮二十碳五烯酸與二十二碳六 烯酸之乙酯)組合給藥。 在-實施例中,式I化合物係與祐紅素(lyc〇pene)組合給 〇 在本發明-實施例中,式!化合物係與抗氧化劑,例如 ❹ 〇PC_14117、AGI-l〇67(普羅布考單琥拍酸酯 (sued⑽buc〇1))、普羅布考(pr〇buc〇1)、生育醇、抗壞血酸、& 胡蘿蔔素或硒或該等如WO2009135918中所述之化合物組 合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,式1化合物係與維生素,例如维 生素B6或維生素B12組合給藥。 在A施例中,式I化合物係與一種以上的上述化合物 組合給藥,例如與石黃醯尿素及美弗明、石黃醯尿素及阿卡波 糖、瑞格列奈及美弗明(PrandiMet(TM))、騰島素及續酿尿 91 201040153 素、胰島素及美弗明、胰島素及曲格列酮、胰島素及洛伐他 汀等組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與可溶性鳥苷酸環化酶 (sGC)之活化劑如,例如於WO2009032249中所述,組合給 藥〇 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與第2型碳酸酐酶之抑 制劑’例如該等於W02007065948、W02009050252中所述 之化合物組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與托π比酯(t〇piramat)或 其衍生物’如於W02008027557中所述,組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與托吡酯和芬他命 (phentermin)(QnexaTM)之固體組合物組合給藥。 在另一貫施例中,式I化合物係與反應化合物,例如 ISIS-377131(抑制糖皮質激素受體產生)組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與醛固酮合成酶抑制劑 和糖皮貝激素受體括4几劑、皮質醇(cortis〇i)合成抑制劑及/ 或促腎上腺皮質激素(corticotrophin)釋放因子之拮抗劑如, 例如於EP1886695、WO2008119744中所述’組合給藥。 在一實施例中’式I化合物係與RUP3受體之促效劑如, 例如於W02007035355、WO2008005576中所述,組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與編碼共濟失調性毛細 血管擴張變異(ATM)蛋白質激酶基因之活化劑,例如氯奎寧 (chloroquine)組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與tau蛋白質激酶抑制劑 92 201040153 (TPK1 抑制劑)如,例如於 WO2007119463、W02009035159、 W02009035162中所述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中’式1化合物係與「c-JunN-端激酶」抑 制劑(JNK抑制劑),例如B1-78D3或該等如 W02007125405、W02008028860、WO2008118626 中所述之 化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中’式1化合物係與内皮素A受體拮抗劑, 例如安伐森坦(avosentan)(SPP-301)組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與内胜肽酶之抑制劑(NEP 抑制劑)如,例如於WO2009138122、WO2009135526中所 述,組合給藥。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與糖皮質激素受體(GR), 例如KB-3305或該等例如於W02005090336、 W02006071609 ' WO2006135826 ' W02007105766 > W02008120661 > W02009040288 > W02009058944 ' W02009108525、W02009111214中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為伐备克林酒石酸鹽 (一種α4-β2於驗乙醯膽驗受體之部分促效劑)。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為α7-終驗乙醯膽鹼受 體如,例如於 WO2009018551,WO2009071519, W02009071576, W02009071577 中所述。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為托達奎明 (trodusquemine)。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為酵素SIRT1及/或 93 201040153 SIRT3(NAD+-依賴蛋白質去乙醯酶)之調節劑;此活性成份, 例如可為在適合的調配物中之白藜蘆醇(resveratrol)或該等 如 W02007019416 (例如 SRT-1720)、W02008073451、 WO2008156866 > WO2008156869 > W02009026701 > W02009049018、W02009058348、W02009061453、 WO2009134973、WO2009146358 中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為DM-71 (N-乙酿基 半胱胺酸與烏拉膽驗(bethanechol))。 0 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與抗高膽固醇血症的化含 物如,例如於 W02007107587、W02007111994、 W02008106600、WO2008113796、US2008280836、 WO2009113952中所述,組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與SREBP (固醇調節元 件結合蛋白)之抑制劑,例如法托他丨丁 (fat〇statin)或該等例妒 於W02008097835中所述之化合物組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與VPAC2受體之環肽 Q 促效劑如’例如於W02007101146、WO2007133828中所述’ 組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與内皮素受體之促效劑 如’例如於W02007112069中所述,組合給藥。 在另一實施例中,式I化合物係與AKP-020(雙(乙基麥 芽酚基)氧釩(IV))組合給藥。 在另一實施例中’式I化合物係與組織選擇性雄激素受 體調節劑(SARM)如,例如於W02007099200、 94 201040153 WO2007137874中所述,組合給藥。 在另一實施例中’式1化合物係與AGE(晚期糖化終產 物)抑制劑如,例如於JP2008024673中所述,組合給藥。 在本發明一實施例中,另外的活性成份為痩體素;參 見,例如"Perspectives in the therapeutic use of leptin", Salvador, Javier I Gomez-Ambrosi, Javier > Fruhbeck, Gema, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy (2001), 2(10), 1615-1622。 在本發明另一實施例中’另外的活性成份為美曲普汀 (metreleptin)(重組的甲二醯基-痩體素)與普蘭林肽 (pramlintide)組合。 在本發明另一實施例中’另外的活性成份為四胜肽 ISF-402 。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為右旋安非他命 (dexamphetamine)或安非他命(amphetamine) 〇 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為氟苯丙胺 (fenfluramine)或右旋氟苯丙胺(dexfenfluramine)。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為西部曲明 (sibutramine)或該等如W02008034142中所述之衍生物。 在一貫施例中’另外的活性成伤為嗎味α坐(mazindol)或 苯丁胺(phentermine)。 在一實施例中’另外的活性成份為京尼平苦酸 (geniposidic acid)(W02007100104)或其街生物 (JP2008106008)。 95 201040153 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為神經肽FF2促效劑 如,例如於W02009038012中所述。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成伤為鼻中妈通道阻斷劑, 例如地爾硫卓(diltiazem)或該等如US 7,138,107中所述之化 合物。 在一實施例中’另外的活性成份為鈉-約離子交換之抑 制劑,例如該等於W02008028958、W02008085711中所述 之化合物。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為鈣通道之阻斷劑’ 例如 CaV3.2 或 CaV2.2 如,例如於 W02008033431、 W02008033447、W02008033356、W02008033460、 W02008033464、W02008033465、W02008033468、 W02008073461 中所述。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為鈣通道之調節劑例如 該等於 W02008073934、W02008073936、W02009107660 中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為妈代謝之抑制劑,例 如該等於US2009124680中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為「T-型鈣通道」之陴 斷劑如,例如於 W02008033431、W02008110008、 US2008280900、WO2008141446、US2009270338、 W02009146540 中所述。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為KCNQ鉀通道2或3 之抑制劑,例如該等於US2008027049、US2008027090中所 96 201040153 述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為KCNN钾通1、2或 3之調節劑(Sia、SK2及/或SK3通道之調節劑),例如該等 於US2009036475中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為鉀Kvl.3離子通道之 抑制劑’例如該等於 W02008040057、W02008040058、 W02008046065、W02009043117 中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為鉀通道調節劑,例如 該等於 WO2008135447、WO2008135448、WO2008135591、 W02009099820中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為極化激活環核苷酸門 控的(HCN)鉀-鈉通道抑制劑,例如該等於US2009069296中 所述之化合物。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為鈉-鉀-2氯化物 (NKCC1)協同轉運蛋白(cotransporter)之抑制劑,例如該等於 W02009130735中所述之化合物。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為電壓-門控鈉通道 抑制劑,例如該等於W02009049180、W02009049181中所 述之化合物。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為MCP-1受體(單核 細胞趨化蛋白-l(MCP-l))之調節劑,例如該等於 W02008014360、W02008014381 中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為體抑素受體3 (SSTR3) 之調節劑,例如該等於W02009011836中所述之化合物。 97 201040153 在一實施例中’另外的活性成份為體抑素受體5 (SSTR5) 之調節劑,例如該等於W02008019967、US2008064697、 US2008249101、W02008000692、US2008293756、 W02008148710中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為體抑素2(SSTR2)之 調節劑,例如該等於W02008051272中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為能減低視黃醇結合蛋 白4(RBP4)之量的化合物,例如該等於W02009051244中所 述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為作為紅血球生成素 (EPO)受體促效劑之紅血球生成素模擬肽。此等分子係描述 於,例如 W02008042800 中。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為抑制食您/降無脂化 合物,例如該等於 W02008035305、W02008035306、 W02008035686中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為硫辛酸(lipoic acid) 合成酶引發劑,例如該等於W02008036966、W02008036967 中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為内皮一氧化氮合成酶 (eNOS)之刺激劑,例如該等於w〇20〇8058641、 W02008074413中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為碳水化合物及/或脂質 代謝之調節劑,例如該等於W02008059023、 W02008059024、W〇2〇〇8059025、W02008059026 中所述之 98 201040153 化合物。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為血管收縮素II受體 拮抗劑,例如該等於 W02008062905、W02008067378、 W02008062905中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為鞘胺醇-1-磷酸酯受體 (S1P)之促效劑,例如該等於W02008064315、 W02008074820、WO2008074821、WO2008135522、 W02009019167、W02009043013、W02009080663、 W02009085847中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為延遲胃排空之藥劑, 例如4-羥基異白胺酸(W02008044770)。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為調節胃腸螺動之色胺 酸-5-羥基酶抑制劑_ι(ΤΡΗ1抑制劑)如,例如W02009014972 中所述。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為肌肉鬆弛物質如,例 如 W02008090200 中所述。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為單胺氧化酶B (MAO-B)之抑制劑,例如該等描述於w〇2〇〇8〇9209卜 W02009066152 _ 之化合物。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為單胺氧化酶A (MAO-A),例如該等於WO2009030968中所述之化合物。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為膽固醇及/或三酸甘 油酯與SCP-2蛋白(固醇载體蛋白-2)結合之抑制劑,例如該 專於US2008194658中戶斤述之化合物。 99 201040153 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成伤為與二聚GTP-結合 蛋白之β-亞單位結合的化合物,例如該等於W〇2008126920 中所述之化合物。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為尿酸陰離子交換子抑 制劑1如,例如W02009070740中所述。 在一實施例中’另外的活性成份為ATP轉運體之調節劑 如,例如W02009108657中所述。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為預防字體免疫對胰 島素生成細胞傷害之利索茶鹼(lisofylline ) ° 又在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為鬼針草(Bidens pilosa)萃取物與聚多炔糖苷之成份(如EP1955701中所述)。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為葡糖神經醯胺合成酶 之抑制劑如,例如於W02008150486中所述。 在本發明另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為糖苷酶抑制 劑如,例如於WO2009117829中所述。 在另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為來自植物蝴蝶亞仙 人掌(HoodiaGordonii)之成份如,例如於 US2009042813、 EP2044852 中所述。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為抗糖尿病劑,例如 乃-塔潜潜(tagatose)。 在—實施例中,另外的活性成份為薑黄(curcumin)之鋅 錯合物’如於WO2009079902中所述。 在一實施例中,另外的活性成份為「cAMP回應元件結 合蛋白」(CREB)之抑制劑,如於WO2009143391中所述。 100 201040153 B i、〇 貫施例中’另外的活性成份為緩激肽(bradykinin) B又體之抬抗劑如’例如於w〇2〇〇9124746中所述。 在另一實施例中’另外的活性成份為能調節糖尿病周圍 變(DPN)之化合物。此等調節劑有,例如FK_17〇6或 或該等描述於 W01989005304、W02009092129 中之 化合物。 在—實施例中’另外的活性成份為能調節糖尿病腎病變 Ο 之化合物。此等化合物係描述於,例如W02009089545中。 > 在—實施例中’另外的活性成份為CD38 (例如抗-CD38 抗體)之抑制劑,如於US2009196825中所述。 在—實施例中’另外的活性成份為人類纖維母細胞生長 因子文體4(FGFR4)之抑制劑如,例如於W02009046141中 所述。
在本發明另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為保護β細胞 之化合物,例如14-α-硫辛基-穿心蓮内酯(al-1)。 q 又在本發明另一實施例中,另外的活性成份為INGAP (胰島新生相關蛋白)胜肽,一種使糖尿病病患重新產生胰島 素之胜肽。 在本發明一實施例中,另外的活性成份為CFTR(囊性纖 維跨膜傳導調節蛋白)之調節劑如,例如於US2009246137、 US2009264433、US2009264441、US2009264471、 US2009264481、US2009264486 中所述。 在本發明一實施例中,另外的活性成份為刺激/調節胰島 素釋放之化合物,例如該等於W02009109258、 101 201040153 WO2009132739、US2009281057 中所述之化合物。 在本發明一實施例中,另外的活性成份為沙棘 (//Tppop/mer/zam⑽zWes)萃取物如,例如於 W02009125071 中所述。 在本發明一實施例中,另外的活性成份為黃蓮及苦丁茶 之萃取物如,例如於WO2009133458中所述。 在一實施例中,式I化合物係與增量劑,較佳地不溶性 增量劑(參見,例如 Carob/Caromax( (Zunft H J ;等人,Carob pulp preparation for treatment of hypercholesterolemia, ADVANCES IN THERAPY (2001 Sep-Oct),18(5),230-6)。 Caromax為含有角豆之產品,係來自Nutrinova,Nutrition Specialties & Food Ingredients GmbH, Industriepark Hochst, 65926 Frankfurt/Main。可與Caromax®組合於一製備物中或 分開給予式I化合物和Caromax®。就此而言,Caromax®可 以食品之形式’例如烘焙產品或雜糧棒(nmesii bar)來投予。 應了解’本發明化合物與一或多種前述化合物及視需要 一或多種其他藥理活性物質之每一種適合的組合物,應視為 涵蓋在本發明所指的保護範圍内。 102 201040153
103 201040153
FR-225654
104 201040153
N
105 201040153
106 201040153
油醯雌酮
KCP-265
107 201040153
SYR-322 PSN-632408
DP-893
H2N
托達奎明
108 201040153 Ο
OH
Leu _Tyr —Se r 一Ser —VaI —Asp —Ser
BIM-51077 TAK-536 109 201040153
E-6837 泰索分辛
BVT-74316 ABT-341
MK-0364 ABT-279 110 201040153
舍格列净
SLV-319
AVE I625 (建議INN :大拉博地) TAK-475(拉帕司他乙酸鹽)
CKD-501(洛貝格列酮硫酸鹽)
111 201040153
JMV-2959 JMV-3002
JMV-2810 JMV-2951
BMS-309403 PSN-119-1 112 201040153
S-40755 LY-2463665
塔帕格列淨,BMS-512148 BI-1356
PF-429242
113 201040153
巴拉列酮 “NPY-5-BY”
BMS-711939
BMS-687453
DM-71 AEGR-733 114 201040153
YIL-781
PF-00389027 KB-3305 115 201040153
SRT-1720
ο
制劑
來自 W02007137103 之 DGAT-1 抑 116 201040153
AMG-071 索比提洛
Ο
Cl
INT-131 雙水楊酸酉旨
達西措匹
奥特那班
MB-07229
MB-07803 117 201040153
普羅布考單琥珀酸酯 WAY-362450
T-2384
BMS-644950
阿洛格汀苯曱I NH,
OH ❹ 118 201040153
F 美羅利汀
韋利貝特 GSK-982
OH
聚多炔糖苷 119 201040153
CVT-3619
Cl
生育三烯醇 120 201040153
OH
卡那格列淨
14-α-硫辛基-穿心連内S旨(AL-1)
NCX-6560 安那措匹 亦適合的有下列用於組合製備物之活性成份: 所有於Rote Liste 2007,第15章所記載的抗高血壓劑; 所有於Rote Liste 2007,第19章所記載的低張劑; 所有於Rote Liste 2007,第20章所記載的抗凝血劑; 121 201040153 所有於Rote Liste 2007,第25章所記載的動脈硬化; 所有於Rote Liste 2007,第27章所記載的β受體、妈通道阻 斷劑及腎素血管收縮素系統之抑制劑; 所有於Rote Liste 2007,第36及37章所記載的利尿劑及促 進灌注藥物; 所有於Rote Liste 2007,第39章所記載的用於治療成瘾病症 之戒斷藥物; 所有於Rote Liste 2007,第50及60章所記載的冠狀動脈藥 物和胃腸藥; 所有於Rote Liste 2007,第61、66及70章所記載的偏頭痛 藥物、神經病變製備劑和帕金森氏症藥物。 試驗模型 作為活性醫藥成份之本發明化合物之適性可由下列各 種試驗模型來試驗。此等試驗模型係藉由下列實例說明。 於活體物對MCH受體之影響;測定MCH1R拮抗劑之功能 性IC50值 選殖人類MCH受體之cDNA,製備表現人類MCH受體之❹ 重组的HEK293細胞株,及由此重組細胞株以類似Audinot等 人之描述(J. Biol. Chem. 276, 13554-13562, 2001)進行功能測 定。然而與參考文獻不同的是使用EDGE Biosystems公司 (USA)之質體pEAK8作為表現載體之建構。用於轉染之宿主 為稱為「PEAK安定細胞」之變造過的HEK細胞株(同樣來自 EDGE Biosystems)。於添力σ促進劑(MCH)後,在本發明配體 之存在下,以Molecular Devices公司(USA)之FLIPR裝置辅 122 201040153 助’使用儀器顧:商之方法進行胞内約離子通量之功能測定。 本發明化合物顯現了顯著的抑制訊號(>30%),其係由1 〇〇 μίνΙ 之促進劑濃度所引發的,較佳地係在10 μΜ時,更佳地在1 μ]ν[ 時,最佳地在100 ηΜ及最佳地在1〇 ηΜ。 除了功能活性外,其亦可根據Audinot等人(Br. J. Pharmacol. 2001,133, 371-378)來測定MCH1R之親和力。較 佳的本發明化合物顯示低於1 μ之IC50,較佳地低於1〇〇 〇 ηΜ,更佳地低於10 ηΜ及最特佳地低於1 ηΜ。 雌性NMRI小鼠之牛乳攝取 以雌性NMRI小鼠試驗抑制食慾效用。禁食24小時 後,將試驗物質以腹腔投予或較佳地以餵食管口服投予。 將小鼠單獨豢養,不限飲水,及給予物30分鐘後,給予濃 縮乳。在7小時中,每半小時測量一次濃縮乳之消耗量,並 觀察小鼠之一般狀況。將所測量的牛乳消耗量與以媒劑治 療的對照小鼠做比較。 〇 媒劑本身對飲食攝取並無影響。所投予之較佳耐受性 媒劑有,例如羥乙基纖維素(0.5%水溶液)或SolutolHS15 (5%溶於羥基乙基纖維素(0.5%水溶液))。 偉斯特(Wistar)大鼠之食料及水的攝取 試驗NMRI小鼠之抑制食慾效用之另一種選擇,其亦可 類似地使用重約220-250克之偉斯特大鼠。在研究開始前, 讓大鼠習慣實驗環境。在一實施例中,不限制大鼠食料及 飲水直到實驗開始。在另一實施例中,在投藥前24小時停 止大鼠之食料。將大鼠平獨眷養不限食料和飲水,進行試 123 201040153 驗物質之研究。使用電腦輔助_TSE Drinking & Feeding
―)每3〇分鐘持續地測量飲食和飲水之攝取,共歷時 22小N·。將制量的飲食讀水消耗量與 照大鼠做比較。 T 飲食引發的肥胖及標準餵食小鼠之 就這些研究’將5星期大(斷奶年齡)^雄性csmuj小鼠 適應標準的維持飲食或高脂和高熱量飲食。12星期後, 〇 餵食、瘦的小鼠體重典型地達到約25克,健食脂肪之小鼠體 重達到約3H〗、^單縣養並侧地測定食料及飲水攝 取。在實驗期間不限食料和飲水。 試驗物質係溶於媒劑中以口服投予並經常盘包括對等 條件之義制組做啸進行試驗。_本㈣飲食攝取並 無影響,且-般為紅基纖維雜抓水溶液)<Sg1_hsi5 (5〇/〇溶於經基乙基、纖維素(〇 5%水溶液))。秦養同等瘦的小鼠 之群組用於各飲食引發肥胖小鼠群組。 〇 第-個星期每天測量食料及飲水雜量,然後每星期一次分 別再測罝所供應的食料和飲水量。每天測量體重。 在治療别及治療結束時採取血液樣本,以測量血清參數 得到有關居間的代謝變化資料。另外可藉由測量阻抗 (TOBEC法)來測量活體之體脂量。 對於在參數之希望效應例如食物攝取和體重發展,所欲 的為MCH1R拮抗劑具有足夠的腦穿透性(例如同時測定腦中 和血清中化合物之量的比例)(就此,請參見例如;
Ph 麵 acol. Exp· Thera. 2008,324,206_213)。較佳的本發明化 124 201040153 3之腦與血清量的比例。另較佳的化合物戲 特佳的化合物具有至少1.0之比例。 株或:=Γ,體之目的係檢測試驗化合物於各種細胞 且右彳丨恭傅扮/,有或無S9肝均質物代謝活化下,是否 疫化學標定===合由職諸)生成之潛力。藉由經免
及非整倍縣劑^ 分試驗化合物之致染色體斷裂 理。ϋ射::ΐ置於%·孔微量滴定盤中以試驗化合物處 /、 典型地處理時間為3小時,無代謝活化者 f 24小時。處理終了後二十四小時,將細胞分離、固定及
合物係具有至少0. 劇有至少之比例。 微核試驗(活體外) 木色4驗化合物之細胞毒性係根據以百分率生長表示之相 對的細胞生長,或與陰性對照相比較考量族群變為二倍之二 倍間來#估帛向的試驗濃度應顯示有不低於聊。存活細 胞,或為觀察_驗化合物沉澱時之濃度。各試驗濃度應進 行二重複測^。精確詳細的試驗說明請參見Khans 等人(Mutation Res. 2003, 540, 153-163)。 評估:當三個可分析的濃度之總體1000細胞中具微核 之細胞數增加時,紀錄結構及數目損傷之染色體。在下列 情況時此試驗則視為陽性: a) 與陰性對照相比較(溶劑或未經處理),具微核之細胞數增 加明顯,或 b) 與陰性對照相比較,微核數目增加至生物學相關之範圍- 125 201040153 濃度依賴時。 與陰性對照相比較,陽性對照必須顯現清楚的統計上 顯著的效用。 較佳的本發明化合物在微核試驗中為陰性的。 AMES II試驗 MES II試驗之目的係檢測試驗化合物是否具有潛在的 致突變性。 簡述.將供摘測移碼突變用之混合的細菌株(混合自 株,6種不同的傷寒沙門氏菌(Salm〇ndla typhimurium)菌株 在各情況下於組胺酸操作子中具有—錯義點突變)及傷寒沙 門氏菌株TA98置於384-孔的微量滴定盤中,卩經由添加S9 肝均質物之有或無代謝活化的各種濃度試驗物質處理(試驗 之精確的說明請參照文獻:p.Gee,D M M_,B N ;
Proc. Natl. Acad· Sci. USA 1994, 91,116〇6 及 Fliickiger_Isler 等人;Mutation Res. 20〇4,奴,181及引述之文獻)。 致突變性之試驗化合物造成了反突變而因此恢復了内 生性組胺酸生物合成之功能。突變的細胞因此能分裂並擴展ϋ 細菌菌落。 砰估·兔因細菌的突變促進了細菌生長,則在生長培養 基中會有酵素消化。因此,培養基之ρΗ會下降且加入的指 示劑(/臭曱盼S曰)顏色會由淡紫色變為黃色。與對照組相比 較,若母種濃度有觀察到顏色變化之孔槽數目明顯增加,此 試驗則係視為陽性。 較佳的本發明化合物在AMES II試驗為陰性。 126 201040153 細胞毒性試驗 a) LDH釋放 此LDH(乳酸去氫酶)釋放試驗之目的係檢測化合物是 否會損害細胞壁之完整並可能因而造成細胞死亡。 簡述:因細胞損傷進入胞質之細胞上清液之LDH活性 係以比色法來測量。以試驗化合物處理細胞。取出五十微升 的培養上清液並依照製造商之資訊與反應溶液(LDH kit, 〇 Roche,Mannheim)混合。LDH催化了乳酸轉變為丙酮酸。在 此期間,NAD+還原為NADH/H+。在加入的硫辛醯胺去脫氫 酶(diaphorase)影響下,後者依序還原,同樣的加入的四鎚鹽 還原成紅曱臢(formazan)。 b) 胞内ATP含量 本試驗之目的係測定胞内ATP總含量,其為測量能量 之量及細胞活力。 簡述:將100微升的細胞培養基於微量滴定盤的孔槽 ◎ 中與100微升的CellTiter-Glo試劑混合(依照製造商之指 示:Promega Technical Bulletin No. 228,CellTiter-Glo Luminesent Cell Viability Assay)。將培養物於室溫下震盪 2 分鐘,然後培養10分鐘直到明度訊號穩定。 評估:記錄明度(整合一秒内)(例如以TECAN SPECTRAFIuor Plus)。 127 201040153 較佳的本發明化合物在濃度低於1〇 μΜ時ATP量顯示 無顯著的降低。特佳的本發明化合物在濃度低於5〇 μΜ時顯 示無降低。另又較佳的本發明化合物在濃度低於250 μΜ時 顯示無降低。 c)中性紅吸收 本試驗之目的係測定吸入活細胞之溶小體/内小體及 液泡内之中性紅(NR) ’其為細胞數目及活力之定量測量。 簡述:以150微升預加熱過之磷酸緩衝溶液(PBS)清洗 〇 細胞,並以100微升的NR培養基於37。〇帶有7.5%二氧化 碳之濕化氣壓下培養3小時。培養後,移除1^尺培養基並以 150微升的PBS清洗細胞。移除pbs,之後加入精確150微 升的乙醇/冰乙酸溶液。震盪1〇分鐘後,從細胞中萃取染料 得到一均質的染溶液。此試驗精確的說明請參見文獻(E. Borenfreund, J.A. Puerner, Toxicol. Left. 1985, 24(2-3), 119-124)。 評估:染劑溶液之吸收係於540 nM使用微量滴定盤判 讀機測定乙醇/冰乙酸溶液吸收度之差異。 ❹ HERG通道阻滯 本試驗之目的係測定試驗化合物阻斷心臟hE R 〇通道之 濃度範圍。負責Ikr在人類心臟中流通之hERG通道阻滯, 潛在地係與致命的心律失常有關。 對於編碼hERG通道之cdnA之表現,係將其選殖至 PCDNA3 載體(Invitrogen)。將中國倉鼠即子(CH〇, American Type Culture Collection,Rockville,MD)使用脂質分他明 128 201040153 (lipofectamine)(GIBCO/BRL,Grand Island, NY)以 hERG cDNA 轉染並使用 G418(GIBCOBRL,Grand Island,NY ; 500 pg/mL)做選擇。將穩定表現hERG通道之CHO細胞置於添 加10%天然胎牛血清、IX青黴素/鏈黴素及500微克/毫升 G418之HAM F-12培養基中於95%空氣/5%二氧化碳之氣壓 下培養。 在實驗前18-24小時,將所選擇用於膜片鉗實驗之細胞 〇 植於塑膠載體上。於室溫下以膜片鉗技術之全細胞變數,使 用 Axopatch 200B 增幅器(Axon Instruments, Foster City,CA)
記錄HERG通道電流。電極(3-6兆歐姆阻抗)係由TW150F 玻璃微管(World Precision Instruments,Sarasota,FL)並填入 吸管溶液(120mM 精胺酸鉀、20mMKCl、4mMNa2ATP、 5 111]^[1^?£8、1111]\1]\^0:12;以〖〇11調整至卩117.2)所製備。 hERG通道電流係由正電壓脈波(20 mV),接著負電壓脈波 (-40 mV)引發並記錄作為其後之分析。一旦細胞之通 q 道電流以對照溶液(130mMNaa、5mMKCl、2』mM
NaOAc、1 mMMgC12、10 mMHEPES; 10 mM 葡萄糖、i mM
CaC12 ;以NaOH調整至pH 7.4)沖刷穩定後,將細胞灌滿溶 於上述對照溶液之試驗化合物中(以試驗化合物之1〇或1〇〇 mMDMSO溶液稀釋,使DMSO含量不大於0」%)。電流持 續直到無進一步的變化發生。增加試驗化合物濃度,重複相 同的程序。各濃度及各細胞之hERG電流的最大振幅係於 picoAmperes(pA)中測量。將各濃度之試驗化合物於pA中之 最大振幅與相同細胞中純對照溶液之最大振幅做比較並計 129 201040153 算%之對照值。 評估:試驗化合物係以各種濃度於表現hERG通道之3-5 CHO細胞中試驗。使用非線性最小平方回歸(GraphPAD Software, San Diego, CA)得到 IC50。 一般選擇性 為了將不欲的副作用風險降至最低,係希望藉由活性醫 藥成份將生物上重要的功能單位(例如受體、離子通道及酵 素,其列表請參見’例如Whitebread,S·等人;Drug Discovery
Today 2005, 10, 1421-33 and Rolland, C.等人;J. Med. Chem. 2005, 48, 6563-6574)之非選擇性效用盡可能保持最小。大量 之活體外試驗系統之一般選擇性試驗可藉由各種特定化的 服務來進行(例如Cerep,Panlabs)。 式I之本發明化合物,作為選擇性MCHir拮抗劑,具 有至少30個,較佳地1〇〇個,更佳地個,及再更佳地 1000個對其他蛋白相對親和力之選擇性因子。此等蛋白之實 例有血清素(serotonin)受體亞型(例如5_HT2a受體)、蕈毒鹼
(mUSCarine)受體亞型(例如Ml受體)、腎上腺素受體亞型(例 如ARc〇、鈉及鈣通道(例如^型妈通道)。 水性系統中之溶解度 在火丨生办劑糸統中之足夠的溶 理效應-重要的先決俾 ^ j丹生从 來制定。、翁人认每条件水生系統之溶解度可由各種方; 触 I 口的κ例有溶液沉澱法("動力學溶解产及研多 固體樣本溶解直到诖ρ τ 予,合解度)及研少 a)動力學溶解度 ,、刀予/合解度)。 130 201040153 以吸量管吸取試驗化合物之DMSO溶液(2,5 mM ; 0.5 祕升)放入置於96-孔微量滴定盤中之200微升的水性試驗溶 液(例如磷酸-緩衝食鹽水,1〇x, 1M,sigma,調整至1〇 mM, pH 7.4) ’ 使用散光儀(例如 Nephelostar Galaxy,BMG Labtech) 於6.25 μΜ試驗化合物之最後理論濃度時,測量渾濁度。然 後加入另外的DMSO溶液(2.5 mM; 0.5微升)將水性試驗溶 液中之試驗化合物濃度提高至12.5 μΜ理論值,並重複測量 〇 渾濁度。另再加入DMSO溶液(1微升,2.5 mM; 0.5微升,10 mM ;然後9x 1微升,1〇 mM使理論濃度為25 μΜ、50 μΜ、 100 μΜ、150 μΜ、200 μΜ、250 μΜ、300 μΜ、350 μΜ、400 μΜ、450 μΜ及500 μΜ)並測量其間的渾濁度,完成測量程 序。 評估:將散光儀之渾濁度值對水性試驗溶液中試驗化合 物之理論濃度作圖。一旦在某一理論濃度彳貞測到明顯的渾濁 度(例如5次高於水性試驗溶液之對照值),則在此濃度以下 ❹ 之》辰度量係稱為試驗化合物在此試驗溶液之溶解度上限。因 此’最大可能測量值之範圍係出現在<6.25 μΜ、6.25-500 μΜ 及>500 μΜ。 較佳的本發明化合物在磷酸緩衝液(ρ Η 7 · 4)中之動力學 溶解度至少為12.5 μΜ ;更佳地至少50μΜ及再更佳地至少 250 μΜ。 b)熱力學溶解度 由HPLC UV測量連續稀釋之試驗化合物dms〇溶液
(500 μΜ、1〇〇 μΜ、50 12M、10 μΜ 及 1 μΜ)所整合的 UV 131 201040153 吸收度與濃度在校準線上顯現線性相關。將試驗化合物(5〇〇 微克)與水性試驗溶液(250微升)置於密閉容器(容量:15毫 升)中一起震盪 16 小時(Eppendorf thermoshaker,1400 ηριη, 25°C,加蓋以避開光線)。然後將樣本以最大轉速離心,最後 並將上清液過渡。經過濾的上清液樣本直接以HPLcuv測 量進行分析(參見上文)。稀釋後再分析另一樣本(1份體積之 上清液,39份體積之試驗溶液)。 評估:未稀釋上清液中試驗化合物之濃度係由所生成整 合的上清液樣本之吸收度以所建構的校準線為基準來計 算’並稱為試驗化合物在各別的水性試驗溶液中之溶解度。 水性試驗溶液之實例有去離子水或具有各種pH值之水 性磷酸緩衝液(例如 pH 1.2 ; pH 4.0 ; PH 6.8 ; pH 7.4 ; pH 9.0), 其可由市售溶液(麟酸緩衝食鹽水,l〇x,Sigma)藉由標準的方 法,以磷酸或氫氧化鈉稀釋及調整來製備。 較佳的本發明化合物在鱗酸緩衝液中(pH 7.4)溶解度至 少為2.5 μΜ ;更佳地至少50 μΜ及再更佳地至少250 RM。 滲透性 滲透性之試驗係在經培養(帶有高葡萄糖含量之 DMEM/Glutamax I/Gibco、HEPES 25 mM、1% ΝΕΑΑ、10% FBS、40 gg/mL慶大黴素(gentamycin) ; 37°C周圍溫度;95% 溼度及10% C02量)的CACO-2/TC7細胞中於碧迪(Becton Dickinson)過濾器(24-孔,未塗膜)進行21天。滲透性係在20 μΜ之試驗化合物濃度(1% DMSO溶於HBSS)以pH梯度(上 層:pH 6.5及0.5% BSA ;下層:pH 7.4及5% BSA)進行試驗。 132 201040153 分析係藉由LCMS/MS來進行。試驗系統及供實驗程序參照 之其他說明請參見Balimane, P.V. ; Drug Discovery Today 2005, 10(5),335-343。 CYP酵素之抑制 CYP酵素之抑制係於重組的酵素(得自碧迪公司)及螢光 基質(BD/Gentest)上如製造商之建議所測定(參見 網站http : //www.bdbiosciences.com)。試驗系統及供實驗程序參照之其 Q 他說明請參見Zlokarnik, G. ; Drug Discovery Today 2005, 10(21), 1443-1450 〇 代謝穩定性 代謝穩定性係將試驗化合物(5 μΜ)以微小體肝分溶液 (帶有 0.1〇/〇 w/v BSA 之 1 mg/mL 蛋白;1 mMNADPH、0.5% DMSO)於37°C下培養。在培養時間〇至2〇分鐘時以 LCMS/MS進行分析。試驗系統及供實驗程序參照之其他說 明請參見 Plant, N.; Drug Discovery Today 2004, 9(7), 328-336 ❹ 及 Lau, Y.Y.等人;Pharmaceutical Res. 2002, 19(11), 1606-1610。 【實施方式】 實例 下列所引用的實例及製備方法係用於說明本發明而非 限制本發明。 式I之本發明化合物原則上可用已知的反應輔助來製 備。例如,結構Z1之胺基酸可先經選擇性的保護(例如方法 I之BOC20)。隨後與胺(HNR1R2 ; Rh R2兩者不全為印之 133 201040153 反應有利地可使用一般所知的彳 的偶合劑(例如以Hatu 法G之EDC/HOBt)來進行。移除保嘈苴阇", ^ 砂除保濩基團(例如用鹽酸)及隨 後還原(例如用方法Η之氫化鐘鋁)得到結構之胺(其中 則=H)。當胺甲酸醋保護基在還原前尚未移除時,得到的 Z2其R8=曱基。在第一步驟中,式Ia之本發明化合物可藉 由將胺Z2與結構B_L2-A-C02H之酸反應來製得(例如用方 法G)(流程1). 流程1
UAIH4 (方法H)
另一 la類型的化合物可藉由將中間物Z2與結構 H0-A-C00H之羧酸反應(例如用方法G)及隨後以適合的烷 化劑烷化(例如用方法D以烷基溴化物、烷基碘化物或烷基 磺酸酯)。當例如,在第一個醯胺偶合步驟係使用HNR1 (P MB) 結構之胺時,則得到la類型之二級胺(R2 = Η),且對-曱氧基 苯曱基(ΡΜΒ)基團係在最後一個步驟分離,例如以三氟乙酸 於升高的溫度下處理(方法F)。 134 201040153 另外,式I化合物可由市Z3酮來製得,該酮為市售化 合物或可由已知的方法來製備(參見,例如Synthesis 2004, 121; J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 4324)。以醯胺(B-L2-A-CONH2) 將酮Z3進行酸催化性縮合及隨後(視需要不對稱的)將生成 的烯胺於已知的條件下進行催化性氳化(參見,例如Adv. Synth. Catal. 2003, 345, 230 > Tetrahedron " Asymmetry 1999, 10, 3467 ; J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 4324)得到芳基溴化物 Z4。將此等已文獻中的方法轉化為芳基羰基化合物Z5(參 見’例如 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 6935 ; J. Med. Chem. 2005, 48, 1948 ; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 154 ;方法 C)。最後進行還原性胺化反應產生化合物lb(流程2)。 流程2
MeLi; BuLi; R34CONRaRb
(方法Q或 還原性羰基化作用
Ra = Me Rb = Me, OMe HNR1R2 願刪t作用 135 201040153 lb*類型之立體化學定義的化合物可,例如將中間物 Z5 ’以對掌性胺苯續醢胺縮合’加入格林納試劑(Grignard reagent),水解並視需要進行還原性燒化作用,例如以方法 A(流程 2-1)。 流程2-1
2) R34MgCl 3) HC1 4) 觀性烷化作用
隨後將取代基進行修飾,可得到另外的Z4或Z4·類型之 中間物。例如,曱氧基基團(B-L2 = MeO)可用試劑例如溴 化氫或三溴化碳來裂解(例如用方法E),並將生成的芳香經 基化合物以適合的烧化劑反應(例如用方法D以院基溴化 物、烷基碘化物或烷基磺酸酯)。將醯胺上之氮原子烷化(例 如用方法B)得到中間物Z4’其中R8=烷基。 中間物Z4'亦可用於合成其他的式I化合物。就此目 的,例如依序將Z4'以MeLi處理得到雙陰離子,及然後 n-BuLi可與酮(R34COR35)反應。生成的三級醇可在里特反 應(Ritter reaction)的條件下(例如 TMSCN,H2S04/H0Ac)轉 變為醯胺,將其水解後並視需要進行還原性胺化作用,得 到結構Ib-Ι之化合物(流程2-2)。 另外,中間物Z4亦可藉由過渡金屬錯合物(例如Pd和 Ni之錯合物)催化,與n比咬基化合物(例如吼咬基三烧基錫化 合物、β比咬基刪酸(街生物)或η比咬N-氧化物反應(方法K)。 136 201040153 隨後以適合的催化劑進行氫化(例如HOAc中之pt〇2 ;方法 J)並視需要進行還原性胺化作用,得到結構Ib_2之化合物 (流程2-2)。 在一變化中,中間物Z4,之偶合對象為立體選擇金屬化 之吡咯啶。在接附Boc保護基團及還原性胺化作用後(例如 用方法A),可得到富含異構性結構之Ib_3。 在另一變化中,中間物Z4’係與烯丙基-金屬化合物(例 〇如烯丙基三T基錫或乙烯基三了基錫)於域化下(史提爾條 件(StiUeconditions))反應,然後將雙鍵氧化裂解(例如用 〇_麗〇4),並將由此得到的_胺以還原性胺化之方法 反應(流程2-2)。 流程2-2
137 201040153
1) MeLi, nBuLi R34COR35 2) 里特反應 3) 水解 4) 還原性胺化作用 R34 R35 B-L2-A·
Pd催化
2) H2i Pt02 3) 還原性院化作用
1) 烯丙基-SnBu3,Pd催化 或:乙烯基-SnBu3sPd催化 2) 0s04/NaI04 3) 還原性安化作用
於中間物Z4、Z5及Z5’之醯胺功能基上進行烷化((例如 以NaH、MeI用方法B),並沿著上述所說明之路徑進一步合 成,及將結構 lb、Ib-1、Ib-2 (R8 = H)及 Ib-4 (R8 = H)進行類 似的烷化作用,產生得到式I化合物之另外的路徑(取代基 R8之變化)。 所用的通用方法之說明可藉由實例參見於下列各點: 實例1之方法A-1、B、C、D、E ; 138 201040153 實例2之方法A-〕、F、G、H、t. ^ Am 實例4-1之方法; 實例4-3之方法j、κ。 通用解釋 a)鹽形式 Ο 類。^夕的^月化°物為驗並可與對應的強酸形成鹽 =〜匕化合,吏用包含三氟乙酸之溶離劑以HPL( 、、容液如二氟乙酸鹽之形式呈現。這些可藉由以鹽 二鈉溶液簡單處理,轉變為所示的游離驗。 起始_中間物之同位素·平均分子量單位為 旦=/莫耳」。例如’單同位素分子量仙多㈣原子單位賀 里來表示0 實例1-01(表1)
衣丙基曱氧基曱基-N-((SV6-{[(四氫旅喝_4_基曱基)胺 基]甲基}-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2_基)苯甲醯胺
方法A-1 於4-環丙基甲氧基_n_((S)-6-甲醯基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2、 基)·Ν-曱基苯甲醯胺(0.20克)、THF(5毫升)、c_(四氫哌喃< 基)甲基胺(63毫克)及乙酸(33毫克)之混合物中加入聚合物 鍵合氰基硼氰化鈉(0.55毫莫耳)’並將此懸浮液於室溫震遘 139 201040153 12小時。將聚合物抽氣過濾出並將濾液濃縮。將殘餘物以 備式HPLC純化。由此得到單同位素分子量462 29之^ (C28H38N203) ; MS (ESI): 463.3 (M+H+)。 4-環丙基曱氧基-N-((S)-6-甲醯基_1,2,3,4-四氫萘_2_基广^_曱 基苯曱醯胺 ^
方法B 將4-環丙基曱氧基-N-((S)-6-曱醯基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘_2_ 基)-苯曱醯胺(2.70克)、碘曱烷(0.534毫升)及DMF (1〇〇毫 升)之混合物分次於0°C與氫化鈉(於55%石蠟油中;〇·34克) 混合。15分鐘後,將反應混合物倒入飽和的氯化銨溶液中並 以乙酸乙酯萃取。將有機層以硫酸鈉乾燥並濃縮。將殘餘物 於矽膠上層析(溶離劑:30%正庚烷之乙酸乙酯溶液;由此 得到分子量 363.46 之產物(C23H25N03) ; MS (ESI) : 364 (M+H+) 〇 4-環丙基曱氧基-N-((S)-6-曱醯基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘_2_基)苯曱 醯胺
方法C 將N-((S)-6-溴-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-4-環丙基曱氧基苯 甲醯胺(5.20克)及THF(120毫升)之混合物冷卻至-78°C(乾冰 浴)’並逐滴加入曱基鋰溶液(8.9毫升;1.6 Μ之乙醚溶液)。 添加後一分鐘,逐滴加入丁基鋰溶液(5.7毫升;2.5 Μ之甲 苯溶液)。添加後一分鐘,加入DMF (2.85克),及又30秒後, 加入乙酸(1.5毫升)。升溫至室溫後,將反應混合物以水稀釋 並以乙酸乙酯萃取。將有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥並濃縮。由此得 140 201040153 到分子量 349.43 之產物(C22H23N03) ; MS (ESI) : 350 (M+H+)。亦可類似地製備4-丁氧基-N-((S)-6-曱醯基-l,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)苯曱醯胺。 N-((S)-6-溴-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-4-環丙基甲氧基苯甲醢胺
方法D
將N-((S)_6-漠-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-4-經基苯甲醯胺 (5.00克)、溴曱基環丙烷(2.20克)、碳酸鉋(5 5克)及DMF (50 〇 毫升)之混合物加熱至75°C達12小時。將冷卻的反應混合 物與水混合並以乙酸乙酯萃取。將有機層以水清洗三次,以 硫酸鎂乾燥並濃縮。由此得到分子量400.32之產物;MS (ESI) : 400 (M+H+)。
N-((S)-6->臭-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-4-經基苯甲醢胺 方法E 將N-((S)-6-溴-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-4-曱氧基苯曱醯胺 (3.0克)、冰乙酸(2毫升)及HBr(20毫升;48%水溶液)於密 ❹ 閉的玻璃容器中在微波反應器中以150°C加熱25分鐘。將 冷卻後得到的沉澱過濾出。由此得到分子量346.23之產物 (C17H16BrN02) ; MS (ESI) : 346 (M+H+)。 N-((S)-6-演-1,2,3,4-四氫萘_2-基)-4-曱氧基苯曱醯胺及 N-((R)-6-溴-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-4-甲氧基苯甲醯胺可由文 獻中的方法製得(J. Org. Chem· 1995, 60, 4324)。
表1中係編列出由4-環丙基曱氧基-N-((S)-6-甲醯基 -1,2,3,4-四氫萘_2_基)-N-甲基苯甲醯胺及適合的胺以方法A 141 201040153 所製得的化合物。實例M3及1-14係類似地將實例卜01與 曱醛或乙醛反應所製得。 201040153
143 201040153
所需的起始物質之製備 C-(4-曱基四氫哌喃_4_基)曱基胺
將四氫哌喃-4-曱腈(5.00克)及THF (50毫升)之混合物 於0°C與六曱基二矽胺化鋰(1 M,63毫升)混合,及90分鐘 後’在良好的冷卻下逐滴加入蛾曱烧(4.26毫升)。12小時後,
將反應混合物置於水及乙酸乙酯間分溶。將有機層以硫酸鈉 乾燥並濃縮。將殘餘物溶於THF (200毫升),並加入氫化鋰 (3.79克)。將混合物沸騰回流6小時。加入水(3,8毫升)及然 後小心地逐滴將氫氧化鈉溶液(4〇% ; 3 8毫升)加到冷卻的懸 浮液中。將沉殺濾出並將濾液濃縮。由此得到分子量129 2〇 之產物(C7H15NO) ; MS (ESI) : 130 (M+H+)。 C-(5-曱基四氫呋喃_2_基)曱基胺 將C-(5-甲基呋喃_2·基)曱基胺(1 〇克)及曱醇(1〇毫升) 之此合物與Pd/C(5% ; 〇.2克)混合,並於氫氣下(2巴)授拌 144 201040153 24小時。將催化劑抽氣過濾並將濾液濃縮。由此 115.18 之產物(C6Hl3N〇) ; MS (ESI) : 116 刀子量 實例2-01(表2) 4二己2基ST甲基Γ·(⑻,[(四㈣ 基}-1,2,3,4-四氫萘_2_基)苯甲醯胺 J甲
方法F 將4_環己基_Ν_(⑻各{[(4_甲氧基苯甲 基甲基)蝴·曱基丨切細氫萘福他甲基^^ (0.15克)及二氟乙酸(2毫升)以15〇〇c微波照射加熱達卯八 鐘。冷卻後,於減壓下移除揮發部分。㈣餘物以 刀 HPLC純化。由此得到單同位素分子量474幻之 " ❹ 〇 (C28H38N203) ; MS (ESI) : 475.3 (M+H+)。
4_環己基|卿6-{[(4_甲氧基苯甲基)(四氫㈣_4_基 胺基]曱基}-1,2,3,4·四氫萘_2_基)_Ν·曱基苯甲土土 方法G 將4-環己基苯曱酸(45毫克)、DMF(1毫升乙基 二曱基胺基-丙基)碳二亞胺(鹽酸鹽,45毫克)及丨__ =苯 三唑(32毫克)之混合物5分鐘後與二異丙基乙基胺^毫 和((S)-6-{[(4-甲氧基苯曱基)_(四氫哌喃冰基甲基)胺基]甲 基H,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)曱基胺(8〇毫克)混合。12小 145 201040153 除揮發部分。將殘餘物以製備式HPLC純化。由此得到分子 量 594.84 之產物(C28H38N203) ; MS (ESI) : 595 (M+H+)。 ((S)-6-{[(4-曱氧基苯曱基)(四氫哌喃_4_基曱基)胺基]曱 基}-1,2,3,4-四氫萘基)曱基胺 方法Η 將{(S)-6-[(4-甲氧基苯曱基)(四氫哌喃斗基曱基)胺甲醯
基]-1,2,3,4-四氫萘—2-基}胺曱酸第三丁酯(10.0克)和THF (500毫升)之混合物與氫化鋰鋁(3.79克)混合。將混合物於回 流下彿騰4小時。將水(1〇毫升)及然後氫氧化鈉溶液(4〇0/〇 ; 10毫升)小心地逐滴加到冷卻的懸浮液中。將沉殿濾出並將 濾、液濃縮。由此得到分子量408.59之產物(C26H36N202); MS (ESI) : 409 (M+H+)。 {(S)-6-[(4-曱氧基苯甲基)(四氫哌喃_4_基曱基)胺曱醯 基]-1,2,3,4-四氫-萘-2-基}胺甲酸第三丁酯 根據方法G,將(S)-6-第三丁氧基羰基胺基_5,6,7,8-四氫 萘-2-羧酸與(4-甲氧基苯甲基)(四氫0底喃·4_基曱基)胺反應。 將粗產物於石夕膠上層析純化(溶離劑:3〇〇/0正庚烧之乙酸乙酯 溶液)。由此得到分子量508.66之產物(C30H40N205) ; MS (ESI) : 509(M+H+)。
(S)-6-第三丁氧基羰基胺基_5,6,7,8-四氫萘-2-叛酸 方法I 於(S)-6-胺基-5,6,7,8-四氫萘-2-羧酸(1.〇克)、氫氧化鈉 溶液(32% ; 1.1克)及MeOH (20毫升)之混合物中加入二碳酸 146 201040153 二第三丁酯(1.92克)。將混合物於50°C攪拌6小時,及然後 加入水(150毫升)。以乙鱗萃取後,將水層輕微酸化並以DCM 萃取三次。將組合的有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥並濃縮。由此得到 分子量 291.35 之產物(C16H21N04);MS (ESI):292 (M+H+)。 (4-曱氧基苯曱基)(四氫σ底喃-4-基曱基)胺 方法Α-2 將4-甲氧基苯曱醛(20.01克)及C-(四氫哌喃-4-基)曱基 0 胺(18.96克)之混合物與四異丙烷氧化鈦(70.6克)混合。90分 鐘後,將反應混合物以曱醇(400毫升)稀釋,並分次加入硼 氳化鈉(8.90克)。添加後12小時過後,加入氫氧化鈉溶液(〇1 Μ ; 100毫升)並以乙醚稀釋混合物。將沉澱的鹽類抽氣過濾 並將滤液》農縮。將殘餘物置於乙酸乙g旨和飽和的氯化鈉溶液 間分溶。將有機相以硫酸納乾燥並濃縮。由此得到分子量 235.33 之產物(C14H21N02) ; MS (ESI) : 236 (M+H+)。 在表2中,係編列由適合的酸與((s)-6-{[(4-曱氧基苯甲 ◎ 基)(四氫派喃-4-基曱基)胺基]曱基}-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)曱 基月女,或對應的(S)-6-{[(4-曱氧基苯甲基)(四氫π底鳴_4_基曱 基)-胺基]甲基}-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基胺根據方法G反應,並 隨後根據方法F接附‘曱氧基苯甲基基團之化合物。製備實 例2-06、2-07和2-08,係將((S)-6-{[(4-甲氧基苯曱基)(四氫 派鳴-4-基曱基)·胺基]曱基M,2,3,4-四氫萘_2_基)曱基胺根據 方法G與5-羥基吡啶-2-鳆酸反應,將生成的醯胺根據方法D 以適合的烷基溴化物於酚系羥基基團上烷化,根據方法F移 除4-曱氧基苯甲基基團。 147 201040153 表2· 結構 實例 編號 實驗式 分子量 [Μ+Η] + ESI-M S 2-01 C31H42N202 474.32 475.3 2-02 C27H32F3N3 03 503.24 504.2 2-03 C31H43N302 489.34 490.3 y^〇rV〇O^X) 2-04 C26H30F3N3 03 489.22 490.2 __^〇OV〇3^tq 2-05 C30H41N3O2 475.32 476.3 ^^yCO^n〇 2-06 C29H40N2O3 464.30 465.3 2-07 C28H39N303 465.30 466.3 vjyV^y^o 2-08 C27H37N303 451.28 452.3 γ^ΧΫτΟΟ^ 2-09 C28H39N303 465.30 466.3
所需的起始物質之製備 (S)-6-{[(4-曱氧基苯曱基)(四氫哌喃-4-基曱基)胺基]曱 基]四鼠奈-2-基月安 148 201040153 將{(S)-6-[(4-曱氧基苯曱基)(四氩哌喃-4-基甲基)胺曱醯 基]-1,2,3,4-四氩萘_2-基}胺曱酸第三丁酯(9.90克)及二氯曱 烷(30毫升)之混合物小心地與三氟乙酸(2.2克)混合。一小時 後’將反應混合物以飽和的碳酸鉀溶液鹼化。將有機層移 除,以硫酸鈉乾燥並濃縮。將粗產物置於THF (300毫升)中 處理並根據方法Η以氫化鋰鋁處理(反應時間4小時)。由此 得到分子量 394.56 之產物(C25H34N202) ; MS (ESI) : 395 ^ (M+H+) ° 實例3 5-環丙基甲氧基吡啶-2·羧酸曱基-((S)-6-{[(四氫哌喃-4-基甲 基)胺基]甲基}-1,2,3,4-四氫萘_2-基)醯胺
根據方法G,將((S)-6-{[(4-曱氧基苯曱基)(四氫σ辰喃 ❹ 基甲基)胺基l·甲基}-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)曱基胺與5_羥基吡 啶-2-羧酸反應,並將生成的醯胺根據方法D以環丙基曱基 溴於酚系羥基基團上烷化。最後以氫解作用移除‘甲氧基苯 曱基基團(5%乙醇中之Pd/C,於飽和壓力下)。由此得到^同 位素分子量 463.28 之產物(C28H37N303) ; MS (ESI) : 464 2 (M+H+) 〇 · 實例4-01 4-環丙基甲氧基·Ν-曱基-N-((S)-(R)-6-吡咯啶2_基_1,2,3,4_四 氫萘-2-基)苯曱醯胺 ’ ’ 149 201040153
於(-)-摩爪豆鹼(Sparteine)(i.36克)及吡咯啶_丨_羧酸第三丁酯 (0.992克)之曱基第三丁基醚(2〇毫升)溶液中,於_78〇c逐滴 加入第一丁基鐘(13 Μ之環己完溶液,ι·33毫升),在此期間 溫度係維持在_73。(:以下。於_7代三小時後,逐滴加入氣化 鋅(1.47M之乙醚溶液;2.55毫升)。30分鐘後,讓反應混合❹ 物升至至溫並於此溫度保持3〇分鐘。加入((s)_6_漠_ι,2,3,4_ 四氫萘-2-基)-4-環丙基曱氧基-N-甲基苯曱醯胺(丨.〇〇克)、乙 酸飽(11)(27毫克)及三第三丁基膦(HBF4鹽;42毫克)。短暫 的自發性升溫至35°C後,將反應混合物保持在2〇°c達12 小日π,及然後置於水及乙酸乙酯間分溶。將有機層濃縮並將 殘餘物於石夕膠上層析(溶離劑:1 : 1乙酸乙酯/正庚烧)。最 後,藉由溶解於二氣曱烷中,以氯化氫(5_6 Μ之2-丙醇溶液) 處理其濃縮使Boc保護基團脫離。由此得到單同位素分子量◎ 404.25 之產物(C26H32N202) ; MS (ESI) : 405.2 (M+H+)。 ((S)-6-漠-1,2,3,4-四氳萘-2-基)-4-環丙基曱氧基_n_曱基苯曱 醯胺 根據方法B,將N-((S)-6-漠-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-4-環丙 基-曱氧基苯曱醯胺以碘曱烷進行烷化。由此得到分子量 414.35 之產物(C22H24BrN02) ; MS (ESI) : 414 (M+H+)。 實例4-02 150 201040153 4-環丙基曱氧基-Ν-甲基-N-[(S)-6-((2R,5S)-5_甲基吡咯啶4-基)-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基]苯曱酿胺
根據方法L,將((S)-6-溴-1,2,3,4-四氳萘-2-基)-4-J衣丙基 甲氧基-N-甲基苯甲醯胺與(S)-2-甲基吡咯啶-1-羧酸第三丁 酯反應。由此得到單同位素分子量418.26之產物 © (C26H32N202) ; MS (ESI) : 419.3 (M+H+)。 實例4-03 4-環丙基甲氧基-N-曱基-N-((S)-6-哌啶-2-基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘 -2-基)-苯甲醯胺
方法J 將4-環丙基曱氧基曱基-N-[(S)-6-(l-氧基吡啶-2一 ❹ 基Μ,2,3,4·四氫萘-2-基]苯曱醯胺(i.oo克)、冰乙酸(1〇毫升) 及氧化鉑(IV)(0.10克)之混合物於氫氣壓下(氣球)劇烈攪拌 36小時。將催化劑抽氣濾出並將濾液濃縮。由此得到單同位 素分子量 418.26 之產物(C27H34N202) ; MS (ESI): 419.3(M+H+)。 4-環丙基曱氧基-N-曱基_Ν·[⑻_6·(卜氧基吼啶 四氫萘-2-基]苯曱醯胺 方法Κ 151 201040153 將比啶N-氧化物(0.92克)、碳酸鉀(0.67克)、三第三丁 基膦(0.105克;HBF4接合物)及乙酸鈀(π)(27毫克)之混合物 與N-((S)_6_漠-I,2,3,4-四氫萘_2_基)_4_環丙基_甲氧基谷甲 基苯曱醯胺(1.00克)之甲苯(8毫升)溶液混合。將混合物於回 流下沸騰9小時。將冷卻的反應混合物以二氯曱烷稀釋並將 沉澱濾出。將濾液濃縮並將殘餘物與乙醚授拌。由此得到分 子量 428.54 之產物(C27H28N203);MS (ESI): 429 (M+H+)。 實例4-04 义曱基4((8)-6-吼咯啶-2-基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-5-環丙基 甲氧基吡啶-2-甲醯胺
將2-{(S)-6-[(5-環丙基曱氧基。比咬_2_羰基)曱基_胺 基]-5,6,7,8-四氫萘-2-基}吡咯-1-羧酸第三丁酯(1.40克)之乙 醇(20毫升)溶液與Pt/C (5% ; 100毫克)混合並於氫氣壓下 (3巴)攪拌12小時。將催化劑濾出並將溶液濃縮。將殘餘物 溶於二氯曱烧(1毫升),並加入氣化氫(5_6 Μ之2-異丙醇溶 液;5毫升)。一小時後移除揮發部分。由此得到分子量405.54 之產物(C25H31N302) ; MS (ESI) : 406 (Μ+Η+)。 2-{(S)-6-[(5-環丙基甲氧基《比啶-2-羰基)曱基胺基]_5,6,7,8-四 氫萘-2-基}吡咯1-羧酸第三丁酯 將N-甲基-N-((S)-6-漠-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-5-環丙基甲 氧基β比咬-2-甲醯胺(1.70克)、1-(第三-丁氧基幾基)各2_ 硼酸(967毫克)、肆(三苯基膦)鈀(0)(123毫克)及二甲氧基乙 152 201040153 烷(14毫升)之混合物於氬氣壓下與碳酸鈉(飽和水溶液;2毫 升)混合並加熱至92°C達45分鐘。將反應混合物置於水及 乙酸乙酯間分溶。將有機層以硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾並濃縮。將 殘餘物層析純化(矽膠,溶離劑:4〇%正庚烷之乙酸乙酯溶 液)。由此得到分子量501.63之產物(C30H35N3O4);MS (ESI) · 502 (M+H+) 〇 N-((S)-6-溴-1,2,3,4-四氫萘_2_基)_N_曱基_5_環丙基甲氧基-吡 啶-2-甲醯胺 根據方法G,將(S)-6-溴-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基胺與5-羥基 吡啶-2 -羧酸偶合,及然後將該產物以溴曱基環丙烷根據方法 D於紛系輕基功能基上烧化。最後,根據方法b以硤曱烧將 醯胺功能基烷化。由此得到分子量415.33之產物 (C21H23BrN202) ; MS (ESI) : 415 (M+H+)。 表3係概括由4-環丙基-甲氧基_N_曱基-N_((s)<r)_6_吡 嘻咬-2-基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)苯甲醯胺或4-環丙基曱氧基 -N-甲基-N-[(S)-6-((2R,5S)_5-曱基比咯啶-2-基)-1,2,3,4-四氫 萘-2-基]苯曱醯胺或4-環丙基-甲氧基甲基-N-((S)-6-痕唆 2-基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-苯曱醯胺或N-曱基-N-((S)-6-吡 咯啶-2-基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-5-環-丙基曱氧基η比啶_2_甲 醯胺與適合的醛根據方法Α反應所製得的化合物。 表3.
結構 實例 [M+H] 編號 實驗式 分子量 + ESI-M 153 201040153 S 5-01 C27H34N2 02 418,26 419.2 5-02 C28H36N2 02 432.28 433.2 5-03 C32H42N2 03 502.32 503.3 5-04 C28H36N2 02 432.28 433.3 5-05 C29H38N2 02 446.29 447.3 5-06 C28H36N2 02 432.28 433.3 5-07 C29H38N2 02 446.29 447.3 5-08 C33H44N2 03 516.34 517.3 ^jyy〇〇r^ 5-09 C27H35N3 02 433.27 434.4 5-10 C26H33N3 02 419.26 420.4 表4中係編列由(S)-6-吼咯啶-1-基曱基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘 -2-基胺、曱基-((8)_6-°比洛咬-1-基曱基·1,2,3,4·四鼠奈-2-基) 154 201040153 胺或(S)-6-氣壤庚烧-1-基甲基-1,2,3,4-四氮茶-2-基胺與適合 的經取代苯曱酸根據方法G反應所製得之化合物。
表4. [M+H] 實例 + 結構 實驗式 分子量 編號 ESI-M S C26H34N2 6-01 02 406.26 407.3 C26H34N2 ^f^JJTr^UT X) 6-02 03 422.26 423.3 ^^χ^τ〇〇η〇 C27H36N2 i ky 6-03 02 420.28 421.2 C27H36N2 X) 6-04 03 436.27 437.3 6-05 C27H34N2 418.26 419.3 02 C29H38N2 cr°^jrr^u q 6-06 02 446.29 447.2 C30H39N3 6-07 02 473.30 474.3 ^ rvOrVVN^ C29H38N2 6-08 02 446.29 447.3 155 201040153 6-09 C29H40N2 02 448.31 449.3 所需的起始物質之製備 (S)-6-吡咯啶-1-基曱基_i,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基胺 將((S)-6-胺基-5,6,7,8-四氳萘-2-基)吼咯啶·ι_基曱_ (0.49克)之THF(5毫升)溶液逐滴加到氫化鋰鋁(〇 6〇克)之 THF (10毫升)溶液中。將混合物於rt攪拌一小時。小心地 逐滴加入水(0.6毫升),接著加入氫氧化鈉溶液(丨6%; 2毫升) 及再次加入水(2毫升)。將形成的沉澱過濾並將濾液濃縮。❹ 將殘餘物置於鹽酸(1N)中處理並以乙醚清洗溶液。將水層以 濃氫氧化鈉溶液鹼化並以二氣曱烷(DCM)萃取三次。將組合 的有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥及濃縮。由此得到分子量230.36之產 物(C15H22N2) ; MS (ESI) : 231 (M+H+)。 (S)-6-氮環庚烷_1_基曱基_;ι,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基胺係類似地製 備。 ((S)-6-胺基-5,6,7,8-四氫萘-2-基;)吼口各咬-1·基曱酮 於[(S)-6十比嘻咬_ι_羰基)·ι,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基]胺曱酸第❹ 二丁酯(0.70克)之MeOH(5毫升)溶液中加入濃鹽酸(5毫 升)。一小時後’將混合物以濃氫氧化鈉溶液鹼化並以DCM 萃取三次。將組合的有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥並濃縮。由此得到 分子量 244.34 之產物(C15H20N2O);MS (ESI):245 (M+H+)。 [(S)_6-(°比咯啶-1-羰基)-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基]胺曱酸第三丁 酯 156 201040153 根據方法G,將(S)-6-第三丁氧基羰基胺基_5,6,7,8_四氫 萘-2-羧酸與吡咯啶反應。由此得到分子量344.46之產物 (C20H28N2O3) ; MS (ESI) : 345 (M+H+)。 甲基-((S)-6-吡咯啶-1-基甲基-l,2,3,4-四氫萘_2_基)胺 根據方法H’將[(S)-6-(吡咯啶-1·羰基)_1,2,3,4_四氫萘-2-基]•胺曱酸第三丁酯與氫化鋰鋁反應(1〇當量,60。(:,2小 時)。由此得到分子量244.38之產物(C16H24N2) ; MS (ESI) : 245 (M+H+)。 表5中係編列由4-丁氧基-N-((S)-6-曱醯基-1,2,3,4-四氫 萘-2-基)苯曱驢胺、4-環丙基甲氧基-N-((S)-6_曱酿基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)苯曱醯胺或4-環丙基甲氧基-N-((S)-6-曱醯基 -1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-N-甲基苯曱醯胺或N-((S)-6-曱醯基 -1,2,3,4-四氮奈-2-基)-N-甲基-5-環丙基曱氧基β比唆-2-甲盤 胺與適合的胺根據方法Α-1所製得之化合物。 表5. 結構 實例 編號 實驗式 分子量 [Μ+Η] + ESI-M S 7-01 C28H36N2 02 432.28 433.3 7-02 C29H36N2 02 444.28 445.2 157 201040153 7-03 C30H38N2 02 458.29 459.3 7-04 C31H42N2 03 490.32 491.3 7-05 C29H38N2 03 462.29 463.3 ^CrXr°〇rXXH 7-06 C28H36N2 03 448.27 449.3 \^〇VQ>>〇 7-07 C29H38N2 02 446.29 447.3 ^〇ν〇>νν 7-08 C27H34N2 02 418.26 419.3 7-09 C26H32N2 02 404.25 405.2 ^〇X^r\^X^r\^ 7-10 C27H34N2 02 418.26 419.3 7-11 C28H38N2 02 434.29 435.3 ^〇xy\^〇X) 7-12 C28H36N2 02 432.28 433.2 ^〇VQ>vx 7-13 C27H36N2 02 420.28 421.4
158 201040153 Ο 〇 7-14 C28H34N2 02 430.26 431.2 7-15 C29H38N2 02 446.29 447.3 7-16 C28H38N2 02 434.29 435.3 7-17 C32H44N2 02 488.34 489.3 7-18 C27H36N2 02 420.28 421.3 7-19 C28H38N2 03 450.29 451.4 v^xrM^y^^ 7-20 C28H38N2 03 450.29 450.9 ^CyV〇^ 〜 7-21 C27H36N2 03 436.27 436.9 7-22 C29H38N2 03 462.29 463.4 ^χ>Ύ〇〇"ν^ - 7-23 C27H36N2 03 436.27 437.4 ^-XrVC〇^^ 7-24 C27H36N2 03 436.27 437.4 ^jyy^o^oc^ 7-25 C29H40N2 464.3 465.2 159 201040153 03 7-26 C28H38N2 03 450.29 451.4 7-27 C28H37N3 02 447.29 448.4 7-28 C29H39N3 02 461.3 462.4 7-29 C28H37N3 02 447.29 448.3 7-30 C28H37N3 02 447.29 448.3 7-31 C28H37N3 02 447.29 448.4 7-32 C27H37N3 02 435.29 436.3 7-33 C29H37N3 02 459.29 460.3 7-34 C27H37N3 02 435.29 436.4 N-((S)-6-曱醯基-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-N-曱基-5-環丙基曱氧 基-吡啶-2-曱醯胺 將N-曱基-N-((S)-6-乙炸基-1,2,3,4-四鼠奈-2-基)-5-¾丙 基曱氧基°比啶-2-曱醯胺(1.40克)、2-丙醇(4毫升)及水(2毫升) 之混合物與氧化锇(VIII)(49毫克)及偏過碘酸鈉(1.82克)混 201040153 合’並將混合物攪拌12小時。將反應混合物以飽和的碳酸 納溶液稀釋並以乙酸乙酯萃取。將有機層以硫酸鈉乾燥,過 濾並濃縮。由此得到分子量364.45之產物(C22H24N203); MS (ESI) : 365 (Μ+Η+) 〇 N-曱基-N-((S)-6-乙烯基],2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-5-環丙基曱氧 基吡啶-2-甲醯胺 Ο
將N-((S)-6-溴-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2-基)-N-甲基·5_環丙基-曱氧基D比啶-2-曱醯胺(ΐ·5〇克)、三丁基乙烯錫37克)、乙 酸把(11)(16毫克)、三苯基膦(76毫克)、二異丙基乙基胺(8.5 毫升)及DMF(20亳升)之混合物加熱至100〇c達12小時。將 冷卻的反應混合物置於乙酸乙酯和碳酸鈉溶液間分溶。將有 機層以硫酸納乾燥’過濾、並濃縮。將殘餘物以層析於石夕膝上 純化。由此得到分子量362.48之產物(C23H26N202;) ; MS (ESI) : 363 (M+H+)。 表6係概括如US20050075324第12頁表II編號11〇, 及第16頁表IV編號254中實例化合物所建議之參照化合 物’其係藉由(S)-6-B比17各°定-1-基曱基-1,2,3,4-四氫•萘-2-基胺 或曱基-((S)-6-°比0各咬-1-基曱基-1,2,3,4-四氫-萘_2-基)胺與 4·-氟聯苯-4-羧酸根據方法G之反應所製得。 表6·
161 201040153 C28H29FN2 H X) Ref-l 0 428.23 429.2 C29H31FN2 Ref-2 0 442.24 443.2 表7係概括,經由實例,於上述鈣流通分析或藉由比濁 法溶解度測定(磷酸緩衝液pH 7.4)所得到之結果。 201040153 表7. 實例 IC50 pH 7.4 實例 IC50 pH 7.4 實例 IC50 pH 7.4 編號 μηι mg/ml 編號 μηι mg/ml 編號 μηι mg/ml 1-01 0.121 0.153 4-03 0.788 0.010 7-09 0.261 >0.259 1-02 0.215 >0.281 4-04 0.703 >0.041 7-10 1.103 >0.266 1-03 0.130 >0.281 5-01 0.137 >0.266 7-11 0.898 >0.274 1-04 0.116 >0.281 5-02 0.152 >0.273 7-12 0.094 0.003 1-05 0.125 >0.281 5-03 0.858 0.015 7-13 0.093 0.007 1-07 0.154 >0.288 5-04 0.134 >0.273 7-14 0.092 >0.272 1-08 0.126 >0.295 5-05 0.519 0.168 7-15 0.336 >0.28 1-09 0.124 >0.289 5-07 0.370 >0.28 7-16 0.259 0.137 1-10 0.140 >0.288 5-10 0.646 0.013 7-18 0.668 >0.267 1-11 0.172 >0.288 6-01 0.127 0.013 7-19 0.563 >0.282 1-12 0.165 >0.288 6-02 0.223 >0.268 7-20 0.133 >0.282 1-13 0.284 >0.295 6-03 0.327 >0.267 7-21 0.133 >0.275 1-14 0.507 0.030 6-04 1.197 >0.275 7-22 0.148 >0.288 2-01 1.329 >0.294 6-05 0.153 0.199 7-23 0.108 >0.275 2-02 1.361 >0.309 6-06 0.075 0.028 7-24 0.384 >0.275 2-03 1.069 >0.302 6-07 0.332 <0.004 7-25 0.286 >0.289 2-04 3.691 0.015 6-08 0.168 <0.004 7-26 0.149 >0.282 2-05 0.248 0.015 7-01 0.245 0.082 7-27 0.756 0.168 2-06 0.146 0.203 7-02 0.831 >0.279 7-28 0.152 >0.288 2-07 0.141 >0.29 7-03 1.368 >0.286 7-29 0.215 >0.281 2-08 0.220 >0.283 7-04 0.141 >0.302 7-30 0.156 >0.281 163 201040153 2-09 0.360 >0.29 7-05 0.625 >0.288 7-31 0.190 >0.281 3 0.180 >0.289 7-06 0.508 >0.281 7-32 0.145 >0.275 4-01 0.136 >0.221 7-07 0.336 >0.28 7-33 1.098 >0.287 4-02 0.228 0.010 7-08 0.420 >0.266 7-34 0.375 >0.275 將表8與以比濁法(磷酸緩衝液pH 7.4)測定結構類似本 發明實例的參照化合物之溶解度相比較。本發明實例具有顯 著增加的溶解度。 表8. 實例 pH 7.4 實例 pH 7.4 編號 毫克/毫升 編號 毫克/毫升 Ref-1 0.003 Ref-2 0.007 6-01 0.013 6-03 >0.267 6-02 >0.268 6-04 >0.275 【圖式簡單說明】 無 【主要元件符號說明】 無 164
Claims (1)
- 201040153 七、申請專利範圍: I一種式I化合物其中 O R1 為 Η、(CrC8)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、 (CrC8)-烯基、(C3-C8)-炔基、CO(R9)、 (C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、CO(C(R13)(R14))r-R15、 CO-OCCVCs)-烷基、CO(C(R13)(R14))r-N(R16)(R17); R2 為 H、(CrC8)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、 (C3-C8)-烯基、(C3-C8)_炔基、C0(R9)、 Q (C(Rl〇)(Rll))q-R12、CO(C(R13)(R14))r-R15、 C0_0((VC8)_烷基、CO(C(R13)(R14))r-N(R16)(R17); 或 R1及R2與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 4至員的單 -、雙-或螺環,其除了氮原子外,可包含〇至3個由氧、 IL及硫之群選出之另外的雜原子,其中該雜環系可另 外經 F、Cl、Br、Cf3、CN、(CrC6)·烧基、(c3_C8)_環 燒基、〇-(Crc8)_烷基、(Ci_c4)_烷氧基_(Ci_c4>烷基、 經基-(CVc6)_烷基、酮基、c〇(R18)、CON(R19)(R20)、 165 201040153 羥基、C〇0(R21)、N(R22)CO(CrC6)·烷基、N(R23)(R24) 或SCMCi-Cy-烷基取代; RIO、Rll 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基、羥基-(CrC2)-烷基、F、 OH ; R9、R13、R14、R16、R17、R18、R19、R20、R2 卜 R22、 R23 > R24各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6>烷基; 或 R16 及 R17、R23 及 R24 各自獨立地’視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環,其除了氮原子外,亦可包含〇-1個來自NH、 N-CCVCd-烷基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; q、r各自獨立地為0、1、2、3、4、5、6; R12、R15 各自獨立地為Η、OH、F、〇-(CrC6)-烷基、S-A-Cd-烷基、CN、COO(R25)、N(R26)CO(CrC6)_烷基、 N(R27)(R28)、CON(R29)(R30)、S02(CrC6)·烷基、3-12- 員單-、雙-或螺環’其可含有一至四個來自N、O及S 之雜原子’且該3-12-員環可另含有取代基,例如f、 C卜 Br、OH、CF3、N〇2、CN、〇CF3、酮基、CKq-Q)-烧基、(CrC4)-烧氧基-(crc4)-院基、S-(CVC6)_烧基、 (Crc6)-烷基、(C2-C6)-烯基、(c3-c8)-環烷基、〇_(c3-C8)-環烷基、(C3-C8)-環烯基、〇_(c3-C8)-環烯基、(c2-C6)-炔 166 201040153 基、N(R31)(R32)、COO(R33)、SOXCrQ)-烷基及 COOH ; R25、R26、R27、R28、R29、R30、R3l、R32、R33 各自獨立地為H、(CrC6)-烷基; 或 R27 及 R28、R29 及 R30、R31 及 R32 各自獨立地’視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 0 5-6-員環,其除了氮原子外,亦可包含〇_ι個來自NH、 N-(CrC6)-烧基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; L1 為 C(R34)(R35)、C(R36)(R37)C(R38)(R39)、(C3-C6)- 環烧基; R1可視需要與其中一個R34、R35、R36、R37、R38 或R39基相連結’而形成一個視需要在碳鏈上經 (CrC6)-烷基取代之5-6-員環; R34、R35、R36、R37、R38、R39 q 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; R3、R4、R5 各自獨立地為 Η、F、C卜 Br、I、OH、CF3、N〇2、CN、 ocf3、o-(crc6)-烷基、s-(crc6)-烷基、o-(crc4)-烷 氧基-(Crc4)_烷基、(CrC6)-烷基、CON(R40)(R41)、 CO(R42); R40、R41、R42 各自獨立地為H、(CVQ)-烷基; 或 167 201040153 R40 及 R41 視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 5-6-員環’其 除了氮原子外,亦可包含〇_1個來自NH、N-(CrC6)- 烷基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子; X 為 C(R7”)(R7”’); R6、R6,、R7、R7,、R7,,、R7,,, 各自獨立地為 Η、F、(C^-Ce)-烧基、OH、〇-(Ci-C6)-院基; Ο R8 為 Η、(Ci-C6)-燒基; A為一 5-6-員芳香環,其可包括至高2個由氮、氧及硫 之群選出之雜原子,並可經一至二個下列取代基取 代:Η、F、C卜 Br、I、OH、CF3、N〇2、CN、OCF3、 0-(Ci_C6)-烧基、0-(Ci_C4)-烧氧基-(C1-C4)·烧基、 (CVC6)-烷基、N(R43)(R44)、S02-CH3、 CON(R45)(R46)、N(R47)CO(R48)、CO(R49); R43、R44、R45、R46、R47、R48、R49 各自獨立地為H、(CrC6)-烷基; 〇 R43 及 R44、R45 及 R46 各自獨立地視需要與其相鍵結之氮原子共同 5-6-員環,其除了氮原子外’亦可包含個來^ 一 N-(CrC6)-烷基、氧及硫之群之另外的雜原子1 NH、 L2為一個鍵或具有1至4個成員之連接鍵,发’ 員係由下列組成之群中選出:0、S、sn “中5亥等成 168 201040153 co、C(R51)(R52)、CbC,而產生化學上可能之基且 該連接鏈不具有任何0_C0或COO基團; B 為(CrC6)-烧基、CF3、(CVOO-烧氧基-(CVCO-院基、 羥基-(CrC6)-烷基、3至10-員單·、雙_或螺環環烷基 環’其中該環系可另外經一或多個下列取代基取代:F、CF3、(CrC6)-燒基、〇_(crc8)-烧基、(Cl-C4)-烧氧 基-(Q-CO-烷基、羥基烷基、酮基、C〇(R53)、 羥基; R50、R51、R52、R53 各自獨立地為H、(CrC6)-烷基; 及其生理上相容之鹽類,但不包括化合物4-(1-羥基環丁 基甲氧基)-N_((S)-6-%t*略咬-1-基甲基_ι,2,3,4-四氫萘 基)苯甲醯胺。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之式I化合物,其中 A係由下列之群中選出,,其中A可'帶有如申請專 利範圍第1項所指之取代基。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之式I化合物,其中 L2 為一個鍵、〇 或 c(R51)(R52)0。 4·如申請專利範圍第1至3項之式I化合物,其中 B為3至6-員環烷基環,其中該環系可另外經一或多個下 列取代基取代:F、(Q-Q)-烷基、烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CrC4)-烷基、羥基。 169 201040153 5. 如申請專利範圍第1至4項之式I化合物,其中 R1 為(CrC8)-烷基、(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、(CrC4)-烷氧基 -(C1-C4)-烧基; R2 為 Η、(CrC8)-烷基、(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12、(CVQ)·烷 氧基-(CrQ)-烷基、CO-CCu-Cs)-烷基、C0-0(CrC8)-烷基、 CO(C(R13)(R14))rN(R16)(R17)。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1至5項之式I化合物,其中 R1 為(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12 ; R2 為 Η、(CrC6)-烷基; q 為 1、2、3、4 ; R10、R11 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; R12為3-12-員單-、雙-或螺環飽和環,其可含有一至三個 來自N、〇及S之雜原子’且該3-12-員環可另含有取代 基,例如 F、OH、CF3、CN、0CF3、酮基、CKCVQ)-烷 基、(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CVCO-烷基、(CrC6)-烷基、 N(R31)(R32)及 S02(CrC6)-烷基。 7·如申請專利範圍第1至4項之式I化合物,其中 R1及R2與其相鍵結之氮原子共同形成一 4至10-員的單 -、雙·或螺環,其除了氮原子外,可包含〇至2個由氧、 氮及硫之群選出之另外的雜原子,其中該雜環系可另外經 F、CF3、(CVQ)-烷基、CKCrCs)-烷基、(CrC4)-烷氧基 -(C1-C4)·烷基、羥基_(Cl_C士烷基、酮基、c〇(Ri8)或羥基 取代。 170 201040153 8. 如申請專利範圍第1至7項之式I化合物,其中 R3、R4、r5 各自為 H ; R6、R6’、R7、R7,、R7”、R7,’,各自為 Η。 9. 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其特徵為式II其中可變基團m、R2、LI、R3、R4和R8各自係如申請 專利範圍第1項中所定義,且 Y 為 CR、N ; R、R,、R,,、R,,, 各自獨立地為 Η、F、C卜 Br、I、OH、CF3、N02、CN、 〇CF3、〇-(C「C6)、烷基、0-(CrC4)-烷氧基-(CVC4)·烷基、 (Ci-Q)-烷基、N(R43)(R44)、S02-CH3、CON(R45)(R46)、 N(R47)CO(R48)、CO(R49); L2 為 CH20 ; B為(CrC6)-烷基、(CVQ)-烷氧基-(CVC:4)-烷基、羥基 烷基、3至6-員環烷基環,其中該環系可另外 經一或多個下列取代基取代:F、(Ci-C6)-烧基、 〇_(CrC8)-烷基、(C「C4)-烷氧基-(CVQ)·烷基、羥基。 10.如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其特徵為式III 171 201040153其中可變基團R8、R、R’及B各自係如申請專利範圍第 9項中所定義,且 R1 為(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12 ; R2 為 Η、(CrC6)-烷基; q為 1、2、3、4; R10、R11 各自獨立地為Η、(CrC6)-烷基; R12為3-12-員單-、雙-或螺環飽和環,其可含有一至三 個來自N、Ο及S之雜原子,且該3-12-員環可另含 有取代基,例如F、OH、CF3、CN、OCF3、酮基、 0-((^-06)-烷基、(Q-C4)-烷氧基-(Ci-Q)-烷基、 (CVQ)-烷基、N(R31)(R32)及 SCMCVQ)-烷基。 11.如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其特徵為式Ilia其中可變基團R8和B各自係如申請專利範圍第9項中所 定義,且 201040153 R1 為(C(R10)(Rll))q-R12 ; R2 為 Η、(CrC6)-烷基; q 為 1、2、3、4 ; RIO、Rll 各自獨立地為Η、(CVC6)-烷基; R12為3-12-員單-、雙-或螺環飽和環,其可含有一至三 個來自Ν、0及S之雜原子,且該3-12-員環可另含 〇 有取代基,例如F、OH、CF3、CN、OCF3、酮基、 〇-(CrC6)-烧基、(CrC4)-烧氧基-(CrC4)·烧基、 (Ci-C6)-烷基、N(R31)(R32)及 SOKCrQ)-烷基。 12·如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其特徵為式IV❹ 其中R2、R8、L2、A及B各自係如申請專利範圍第^ 項中所定義,且 η為1或2 ; R1'為Η、甲基或乙基。 13. —種醫樂品,係包含一或多種如申請專利範圍第1至I] 項中一或多項之式I化合物。 14. 一種醫藥品,係包含一或多種如申請專利範圍第i至u 項中一或多項之式I化合物以及對代謝病症或與其有關 的疾病具有有利的效用之一或多種活性成份。 173 201040153 15. —種醫藥品,係包含〆戒多種如申請專利範圍第丨至12 項中一或多項之式χ化合物以及一或多種抗糖尿病藥劑。 16. —種醫藥品,係包含〆戒多種如申請專利範圍第丨至12 項中一或多項之式!化合物以及一或多種脂質調節劑。 17. —種醫藥品,係包含〆或多種如申請專利範圍第丨至以 項中一或多項之式j化合物以及一或多種抗肥胖症藥劑。 18. 一種如申請專利範圍第1至12項中一或多項之式I化合 物之用途,係用於製造醫藥品供治療及/或預防脂肪酸代 謝之病症和葡萄糖利用病症。 19. 一種如申請專利範圍第!至12項中一或多項之式Σ化合 物之用途,係用於製造醫藥品供治療及/或預防胰島素抗 性涉及其中之病症。 20. —種如申請專利範圍第丨至12項中一或多項之式j化合 物之用途,係用於製造醫藥品供治療及/或預防糖尿病和 與其有關之後遺症。. 21. 一種如申請專利範圍第丨至12項中一或多項之式I化合 物之用途,係用於製造醫藥品供治療及/或預防血脂異常 和其所導致之病症。 22. 一種如申請專利範圍第1至12項中—或多項之式I化合 物之用途,係用於製造醫藥品供治療及/或預防非酒精性 脂肪肝和其變異。 23. 種如申請專利範圍第1至12項中一或多項之式J化合 物之用途,係用於製造醫藥品供治療及/或預防與代謝症 候群有關的症狀。 174 201040153 24. —種如申請專利範圍第1至12項中一或多項之式I化合 物之用途,係用於製造醫藥品供治療及/或預防肥胖症和 與其有關之後遺症。 25. —種如申請專利範圍第1至12項中一或多項之式I化合 物之用途,係用於製造醫藥品供治療及/或預防睡眠呼吸 中止症和與其有關之後遺症。 26. —種如申請專利範圍第1至12項中一或多項之化合物之 用途,係與至少一種另外的活性成份組合用於製造醫藥 品供治療及/或預防脂肪酸代謝之病症和葡萄糖利用病 症。 27. —種如申請專利範圍第1至12項中一或多項之I化合物 之用途,係與至少一種另外的活性成份組合用於製造醫 藥品供治療及/或預防胰島素抗性涉及其中之病症。 28. —種製造包含一或多種如申請專利範圍第1至12項中一 或多項之化合物之醫藥品的方法,其中活性成份係與醫 藥上適合之載體混合,且此混合物係轉變為適合給藥之 形式。 175 201040153 四、指定代表圖·· (一) 本案指定代表圖為:(無)。 (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 無 五、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:式I 2
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09290108 | 2009-02-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201040153A true TW201040153A (en) | 2010-11-16 |
Family
ID=40547493
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW099104251A TW201040153A (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-02-11 | Novel substituted tetrahydronaphthalenes, process for preparation thereof and use thereof as medicaments |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8841290B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2396300A1 (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR075402A1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW201040153A (zh) |
| UY (1) | UY32443A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2010092153A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2708924T3 (es) | 2010-12-31 | 2019-04-12 | Abbott Lab | Procedimientos de uso de oligosacáridos de la leche humana para mejorar la salud respiratoria de las vías respiratorias |
| SG191799A1 (en) | 2010-12-31 | 2013-08-30 | Abbott Lab | Nutritional formulations including human milk oligosaccharides and long chain polyunsaturated polyunsaturated fatty acids and uses thereof |
| CN107510040A (zh) † | 2010-12-31 | 2017-12-26 | 雅培制药有限公司 | 包含人乳低聚糖和核苷酸的营养型组合物以及其治疗和/或预防肠病毒感染的用途 |
| EP3056982B1 (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2020-10-14 | Sony Corporation | Terminal apparatus, display control method and recording medium |
| DE102014111350A1 (de) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-11 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Automatisierte Erstellung von geeigneten Vorzugsmenüs für Feldgeräte |
| CN109071561B (zh) | 2016-02-12 | 2022-01-14 | 福马治疗股份有限公司 | 用作泛素特异性蛋白酶抑制剂的噻吩并吡嗪甲酰胺 |
| EP3414252B1 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2022-07-06 | Valo Health, Inc. | Thienopyridine carboxamides as ubiquitin-specific protease inhibitors |
| US11524966B1 (en) | 2017-08-11 | 2022-12-13 | Valo Health, Inc. | Carboxamides as ubiquitin-specific protease inhibitors |
| CN112823037B (zh) | 2018-08-09 | 2023-12-19 | 瓦洛健康股份有限公司 | 抑制去泛素化酶usp25和usp28 |
| EP3833661A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2021-06-16 | Valo Early Discovery, Inc. | Carboxamides as ubiquitin-specific protease inhibitors |
| WO2020087031A1 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2020-04-30 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Combination serotonin specific reuptake inhibitor and serotonin 1a receptor partial agonist for reducing l-dopa-induced dyskinesia |
| WO2021016449A1 (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-01-28 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Bicyclic cx3cr1 receptor agonists |
Family Cites Families (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU7315700A (en) | 1999-09-20 | 2001-04-24 | Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd. | Melanin concentrating hormone antagonist |
| JP2004504303A (ja) | 2000-07-05 | 2004-02-12 | シナプティック・ファーマスーティカル・コーポレーション | 選択的メラニン凝集ホルモン−1(mch1)受容体アンタゴニストおよびその使用 |
| WO2002002744A2 (en) | 2000-07-05 | 2002-01-10 | Synaptic Pharmaceutical Corporation | Dna encoding a human melanin concentrating hormone receptor (mch1) and uses thereof |
| US6852126B2 (en) | 2000-07-17 | 2005-02-08 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Stackable interlocking intervertebral support system |
| KR20030059084A (ko) | 2000-07-31 | 2003-07-07 | 스미스크라인 비참 피.엘.시. | 카르복사미드 화합물 및 이것의 사람 11cby 수용체의길항제로서의 용도 |
| PE20020856A1 (es) | 2001-02-13 | 2002-11-11 | Aventis Pharma Gmbh | 1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftil aminas aciladas |
| DE60231202D1 (de) | 2001-05-04 | 2009-04-02 | Amgen Inc | Kondensierte heterozyklische verbindungen |
| EP1447402A4 (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2005-01-19 | quinoline | |
| US7084156B2 (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2006-08-01 | Merck & Co., Inc. | 2-Aminoquinoline compounds |
| WO2003087046A1 (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-23 | 7Tm Pharma A/S | Novel aminotetraline compounds for use in mch receptor related disorders |
| AU2003226927A1 (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-27 | 7Tm Pharma A/S | Novel carboxamide compounds for use in mch receptor related disorders |
| AU2003222648A1 (en) | 2002-05-13 | 2003-12-02 | Eli Lilly And Company | Multicyclic compounds for use as melanin concentrating hormone antagonists in the treatment of obesity and diabetes |
| DE10238865A1 (de) | 2002-08-24 | 2004-03-11 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | Neue Carbonsäureamid-Verbindungen mit MCH-antagonistischer Wirkung, diese Verbindungen enthaltende Arzneimittel und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| EP1618112A1 (en) | 2003-04-11 | 2006-01-25 | SmithKline Beecham Corporation | Heterocyclic mchr1 antagonists |
| MXPA06003654A (es) * | 2003-10-01 | 2006-06-05 | Procter & Gamble | Antagonistas de la hormona concentradora de melamina. |
| US20050176738A1 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2005-08-11 | Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. | Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor antagonists and compositions and methods related thereto |
| EP1697334A1 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2006-09-06 | Warner-Lambert Company LLC | Heterocyclic substituted indane derivatives and related compounds for the treatment of schizophrenia |
| WO2005103039A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 | 2005-11-03 | Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. | 2- (3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl) pyridines as melanin-concentrating hormone receptor an tagonists |
| US7368462B1 (en) | 2004-07-15 | 2008-05-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Melanin concentrating hormone antagonists |
| US20100216758A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2010-08-26 | Makoto Ando | Pyridone Compounds |
| ATE513829T1 (de) | 2005-10-06 | 2011-07-15 | Sanofi Aventis | Bicyclische arylsulfonsäureä1,3,4ü-thiadiazol-2- yl-amide, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als pharmazeutika |
| EP2069327B1 (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2013-10-16 | Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH | New pyridone derivatives with mch antagonistic activity and medicaments comprising these compounds |
| EP2025674A1 (de) * | 2007-08-15 | 2009-02-18 | sanofi-aventis | Substituierte Tetrahydronaphthaline, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Arzneimittel |
-
2010
- 2010-02-11 AR ARP100100387A patent/AR075402A1/es unknown
- 2010-02-11 TW TW099104251A patent/TW201040153A/zh unknown
- 2010-02-11 UY UY0001032443A patent/UY32443A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-02-12 WO PCT/EP2010/051795 patent/WO2010092153A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2010-02-12 EP EP10703301A patent/EP2396300A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-02-12 US US13/201,400 patent/US8841290B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120015936A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
| US8841290B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
| EP2396300A1 (de) | 2011-12-21 |
| UY32443A (es) | 2010-09-30 |
| AR075402A1 (es) | 2011-03-30 |
| WO2010092153A1 (de) | 2010-08-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TW201040153A (en) | Novel substituted tetrahydronaphthalenes, process for preparation thereof and use thereof as medicaments | |
| TW201212920A (en) | Heterocyclically substituted methoxyphenyl derivatives with an oxo group, processes for preparation thereof and use thereof as medicaments | |
| TW201215388A (en) | (2-aryloxyacetylamino)phenylpropionic acid derivatives, processes for preparation thereof and use thereof as medicaments | |
| TW201221505A (en) | Aryloxyalkylene-substituted hydroxyphenylhexynoic acids, process for preparation thereof and use thereof as a medicament | |
| TW201215387A (en) | Spirocyclically substituted 1,3-propane dioxide derivatives, processes for preparation thereof and use thereof as a medicament | |
| TW201022269A (en) | Heterocyclic derivatives, processes for preparation thereof, medicaments comprising said compounds and use thereof | |
| TW200843749A (en) | Sulfonyl-phenyl-2H-[1,2,4] oxadiazol-5-one derivatives, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals | |
| TW201011012A (en) | Annelated N-heterocyclic sulfonamides with oxadiazolone headgroup, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals | |
| TW200837073A (en) | Novel 1, 4-benzothiepine 1, 1-dioxide derivatives having improved properties, method for their preparation, pharmaceuticals comprising these compounds, and the use thereof | |
| TW200927088A (en) | (carboxylalkylenephenyl)phenyloxamides, process for their preparation and their use as medicaments | |
| TW200800907A (en) | Novel aminoalcohol-substituted aryldihydroisoquinolinones, process for their preparation and their use as medicaments | |
| TW200946510A (en) | Novel phenyl-substituted imidazolidines, process for preparation thereof, medicaments comprising said compounds and use thereof | |
| TW201014822A (en) | Heterocyclic compounds, processes for their preparation, medicaments comprising these compounds, and the use thereof | |
| TW200800920A (en) | Novel azacyclyl-substituted arylthienopyrimidinones, process for their preparation and their use as medicaments | |
| TW201000494A (en) | Novel aromatic fluoroglycoside derivatives, medicaments comprising these compounds and use thereof | |
| TW200940536A (en) | Cyclic pyridal-N-[1,3,4]-thiadiazol-2-yl-benzene sulfonamides, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals | |
| TW200826941A (en) | Novel diphenylazetidinone substituted by piperazine-1-sulfonic acid and having improved pharmacological properties | |
| EP2800736A1 (en) | 3-[4-(phenylaminooxalylamino)phenyl]hex-4-ynoic acids, process for preparation thereof and use thereof as a medicament | |
| TW201022259A (en) | Sulfonamides with heterocycle and oxadiazolone headgroup, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals | |
| JP2010535827A (ja) | 置換テトラヒドロナフタレン、その製造方法および薬剤としてのその使用 | |
| TW200946508A (en) | Arylchalcogenoarylalkyl-substituted imidazolidine-2,4-diones, process for their preparation, medicaments comprising these compounds and use thereof | |
| TW200946507A (en) | Heterocycle-substituted imidazolidine-2,4-diones, process for preparation thereof, medicaments comprising them and use thereof | |
| TW201040154A (en) | Novel substituted indanes, process for preparation thereof and use thereof as a medicament | |
| HK1143366A (zh) | 取代的四氢萘、其制备方法以及其作为药物的用途 |