TW201008570A - Estratriene derivatives comprising heterocyclic bioisosteres for the phenolic a-ring - Google Patents
Estratriene derivatives comprising heterocyclic bioisosteres for the phenolic a-ring Download PDFInfo
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- TW201008570A TW201008570A TW098124460A TW98124460A TW201008570A TW 201008570 A TW201008570 A TW 201008570A TW 098124460 A TW098124460 A TW 098124460A TW 98124460 A TW98124460 A TW 98124460A TW 201008570 A TW201008570 A TW 201008570A
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Classifications
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Description
201008570 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於新穎吡唑并_雌三烯及三唑并_雌三烯衍生 物、含有其之醫藥組合物及其在治療或預防以下藉由雌激 素受體介導之病症及疾病中之用途:例如熱潮紅、陰道乾 燥、骨質減少、骨質疏鬆症、高血脂症、認識功能喪失、 退化性腦疾病、心血管疾病、腦血管疾病、激素敏感性癌 及增生(包括女性乳房、子宮内膜、及子宮頸及男性前列 腺之組織)、子宮内膜異位症、子宮肌瘤、骨關節炎;及 其單獨作為避孕藥劑或與孕激素或孕激素拮抗 劑組合作為 避孕藥劑之用途。本發明化合物係選擇性雌激素受體調節 劑。 【先前技術】 雌激素係一類對生殖過程及對子宮、乳房之發育及與青 春期有關之其他身體變化非常重要的雌性激素。雌激素對 整個女性身體之各組織均具有作用,其不僅對彼等與生殖 過程有關之組織(例如子宮、乳房、及外生殖器)具有作 用,且亦對中框神經系統、骨、肝、皮膚、及泌尿道中之 組織具有作用。卵巢產生女性身體中之大部分雌激素。 内源性雌激素(例如丨7β_雌二醇及雌酮)在雌性性器官、 乳腺、及其他性徵之發育及維持中起著重要作用。除作為 雌性激素之作用外,雌激素亦與雌性及雄性二者中之諸多 其他組織(例如心血管系統、中樞神經系統、及骨骼)之生 長及功能有關。滩激素在雌性生殖系統發育中之重要性促 141538.doc 201008570 使人們研發出諸多與雌激素受體相互作用之化合物,例如 避孕藥及治療乳癌之藥劑。 人們研發組合口服避孕藥丸(COCP)藉由抑制促性腺素 釋放來防止排卵。作為主要的作用機制,組合激素避孕藥 (包括COCP)可抑制卵泡發育及防止排卵(Trussell, James (2007). 「Contraceptive EfTicacy」,in Hatcher, Robert A.
專尺 Contraceptive Tec/z/io/ogy,第 19 版(修訂),New York: Ardent Media. ; Speroff, Leon; Darney, Philip D. (2005). 「Oral Contraception」,d C/zWca/ Gwii/e /or
Contraception ' 第 4版,Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,第 21-138 頁;Loose, Davis S.; Stancel,George M. (2006). 「Estrogens and Progestins」 in Brunton, Laurence L.; Lazo,John S·; Parker, Keith L·(編輯): Goodman & Gilman's, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics > 第 11 版,New York : McGraw-Hill ,第 1 541 - 1 571 頁;Glasier, Anna (2006). 「Contraception」, in DeGroot, Leslie J.; Jameson,J. Larry(編輯)·· Endocrinology,第 5版,Philadelphia : Elsevier Saunders, 第 2993-3003 頁;Rivera R, Yacobson I,Grimes D (1999). 「The mechanism of action of hormonal contraceptives and intrauterine contraceptive devices」.Am J Obstet Gynecol 181 (5 Pt 1): 1263-9)。 助孕素負反饋可降低下丘腦釋放促性腺素-釋放激素 (GnRH)之脈衝頻率,此可降低促印泡激素(FSH)並顯著降 141538.doc 201008570 低垂體前葉之促黃體生成激素(LH)釋放。FSH濃度降低可 抑制卵泡發育,從而防止雌二酵濃度增加。助孕素負反饋 及對LH釋放之雌激素正反饋的缺乏可防止出現中期LH 峰。抑制卵泡發育及缺乏LH♦可防止排卵(Trussell, James (2007). 「Contraceptive Efficacy」,in Hatcher,Robert A. 等人:,第 19 版(修訂)’ New York : Ardent Media. ; Speroff, Leon; Darney, Philip D. (2005). 「Oral Contraception」,<4 C/im.ca/ Gwide /or ,第 4版,Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,第 21-138 頁;Loose, Davis S.; Stancel,George M. (2006). 「Estrogens and Progestins」,in Brunton,
Laurence L.; Lazo, John S.; Parker, Keith L(編輯): Goodman & Gilman's, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics » 第 11 版,New York ·· McGraw-Hill,第 1541-1571頁)。 儘管最初將雌激素納入口服避孕藥中係為了更好地控制 週期(以穩定子宮内膜並藉此降低穿破性出血之發生率), 但亦發現其可抑制卵泡發育且有助於防止排卵。對垂體前 葉之雌激素負反饋可極大地降低FSH之釋放,此可抑制卵 泡發育並有助於防止排卵(Trussell, James (2007). 「Contraceptive Efficacy」,in Hatcher, Robert Α·等人: ,第 19 版(修訂),New York : Ardent Media. ; Speroff, Leon; Darney, Philip D. (2005). 「Oral Contraception」,d CV/w/ca/ Gwfi/e/or Cowaacepiiow, 141538.doc 201008570 第 4版,Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,第 21-138 頁;Loose, Davis S.; Stancel,George Μ. (2006)· 「Estrogens and Progestins」,in Brunton, Laurence L.; Lazo, John S·; Parker, Keith L(編輯):Goodmaw & Gilman/s, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics,第 1 1版,New York : McGraw-Hil卜第 1541-1571 頁)。 儘管口服避孕藥高度有效,但其應用與令人不快之副作 用(例如噁心、抑鬱症、體重增長、及頭痛)及長時間嚴重 疾病(例如血栓栓塞、中風、心肌梗塞、肝腺瘤、膽囊疾 病、及高血壓)風險之增加有關聯。亦會頻繁發生出血不 規律(例如穿破性出血、點滴出血、及閉經)。當單獨投與 孕激素時,其可引起月經模式變化之發生率增加,尤其可 引起月經出血量及持續時間顯著增加。 人們發現雌激素受體P(ER β)為雌激素受體之第二亞型 (Kuiper等人,(1996),Proc.Natl·Acad·Sci·93:5925-5930; Mosselman, Dijkema (1996) Febs Letters 392: 49-53; Tremblay 等人,(1997), Molecular Endocrinology 11: 3 53-3 65)。人們正全力以赴來研究若干組織中ER α及ER β 之分佈。 雌激素受體a (ER a)在下丘腦中突出至GnRH陽性神經元 之神經元中表現且介導形成排卵前LH峰之雌二醇正反饋 需要此雌激素受體a。另一方面,在介導導致抑制LH/FSH 分泌之雌二醇負反饋中涉及垂體及下丘腦中之雌激素受體 a。雌激素受體a激活對於諸如子宮及下丘腦等某些生殖器 141538.doc 201008570 官中黃體酮受體表現之誘導而言非常重要。換言之,雌激 素受體激活係孕激素作用之前提。雌激素受體&介導子宮 (刺激上皮細胞增殖)、乳腺(刺激上皮細胞增殖)、骨(防止 成骨細胞凋亡)及腦(防止熱潮紅)中之雌激素反應。組合口 服避孕中雌激素組份之主要作用係維持無藥丸日期間之規 律出血模式。避孕功能即抑制排卵主要由促孕組份介導。 然而’抑制排卵會抑制内源性雌二酵濃度,此可在年輕女 性中引起熱潮紅及骨質損失。在組合口服避孕中添加雌激 素可預防該等症狀。此外,需要雌激素組份以誘導黃體酮 受體並使促孕組份能夠產生避孕作用。換言之,若不添加 雌激素,則將需要更高劑量之孕激素來誘導抑制排卵。 人們將精力主要集中於治療及預防絕經後病況(例如骨 質疏鬆症、冠狀動脈疾病、抑鬱症及阿滋海默氏 (Alzheimer)病)之選擇性雌激素受體調節劑上。 絕經定義為因卵巢卵泡功能喪失及雌激素產生幾乎終止 所致之月經永久停止。絕經之中年過渡期之特徵為雌激素 降低,引起血管運動系統、泌尿生殖系統、心血管系統、 及骨路系統及中樞神經系統之短期及長期症狀,例如熱潮 紅、必尿生殖系統萎縮、心血管疾病風險增加、骨質疏鬆 症、認知及心理缺陷(包括認知病症及阿滋海默氏病(AD) 之風險增加)。所有該等絕經症狀皆可用雌激素成功地治 療。因為雌二醇可刺激子宮上皮細胞增殖並因此增加子宮 内膜癌之風險’故仍具有子宮之絕經後女性需要添加孕激 素。孕激素可抑制雌二醇激活之子宮上皮細胞增殖。 141538.doc 201008570 所有女性中75。/〇經歷一些與絕經開始有關之血管運動症 狀的發作’例如身體出汗及熱潮紅。該等病狀可開始於絕 經前數年,在一些女性中可持續1〇年以上,其相對恆定或 瞬時發作而無明確引發原因。 , 與絕經開始有關涉及陰道之泌尿生殖症狀包括乾燥感、 灼熱、瘙癢、性錢間疼痛、淺表出血及溢液、以及萎縮 及狹窄。涉及泌尿道之症狀包括排尿期間灼熱感、尿頻尿 急、復發性泌尿道感染、及尿失禁。已報導該等症狀在所 有接近絕經期之女性中有高達5〇%發生且在絕經後數年發 生更為頻繁。若不治療,則問題可能永久存在。心臟病發 作及中風係老年女性發病及死亡的主要原因。女性由該等 疾病發病在絕經後迅速增加。過早絕經之女性比年齡相仿 之行經女性患冠心病之風險更大。血清雌激素之存在對血 /月月曰質具有正面作用。該激素可促進血管之血管擴張,並 k進新血的形成。因此,絕經後女性中▲清雌激素濃度 • 降低可導致不利的心血管作用。另外,·理論上血液凝固能 力之差異可解釋所觀察到的絕經前後心臟病發作之差異。 在精細調節之骨細胞間相互作用中,骨骼處於一個骨退 化及再生之連續過程中。該等細胞直接受到雌激素影響。 雌激素缺乏可導致骨結構損失及骨強度降低。在緊隨絕經 後之一年期間骨質量之快速損失可導致絕經後骨質疏鬆症 及骨折風險增加。 雌激素缺乏亦係中樞神經系統退化性變化的原因之一且 可導致阿滋海默氏病及認知衰退。最近證據表明雌激素、 141538.doc 201008570 絕經及認知之間存在關聯。更具體而言’已報導在女性中 雌激素替代療法及雌激素之應用可預防阿滋海默氏病發生 及改善認知功能。 激素替代療法(HRT)-更具體而言雌激素替代療法(ERT) 通常被作為處方開列以解決與絕經有關之醫學問題且亦 用以以預防性及治療性方式幫助阻止骨f疏鬆症及原發性 心血管併發症(例如冠狀動脈疾病)。因此,將HRT視為一 種延長絕經後女性之平均壽命及提供較佳生活品質之醫學 療法。 ERT可有效減輕更年期症狀及泌尿生殖症狀且已在預防 及療絕經後女性之心臟病中顯示出顯著益處。臨床報導 已顯示,與未接受ERT之相似人群相比,ert可降低接受 ERT之人群中之心臟病發作率及死亡率。在絕經後立即開 始ERT亦可幫助將骨質量維持數年。受控研究已顯示用 ERT實施之治療即便對高達75歲年齡之較年長女性亦具有 積極作用。 然而’如上文所述,存在眾多與ERT有關可降低患者依 從f生之不期望作用。靜脈血栓栓塞、膽囊疾病、月經恢 復、乳痛症及發生+ $,伊 于呂癌及/或礼房癌風險之可能增加係 ’、有關之風險。開列ERT處方之女性中有高達未 完成處方治療,且停用率在38%與7〇%之間,其中安全擔 憂及不利作用U氣脹及突破性出血)係停用之最重要的原 因。 004/005314闡述了新穎雌三烯并[以-印队心小比 14I538.doc 201008570 咯衍生物、含其之醫藥組合物及其在户癢 、仕/〇療或預防以下藉由 雌激素受體介導之病症及疾病中之用诠.仏 用逑.例如熱潮紅、陰 道乾燥、骨質減少、骨質疏鬆症、离^ 阿血知症、認識功能喪 失、退化性腦疾病、心血管疾病、腦血管疾病、激素敏感 性癌及增生(包括女性乳房、子宮内膜、及子宮頸及男性 前列腺之組織)、子宮内膜異位症、子宮肌瘤、骨關節 炎;以及單獨作為避孕藥劑或與孕激素或孕激素括抗劑組 合作為避孕藥劑之用途。所主張之化合物係選擇性雌激素 受體調節劑,但係相對較弱之雌激素受體配體。 WO 2007/0簡旧示了非類固醇„比唾衍生物其可用於 治療或預防多種與雌激素功能有關之病況,尤其可用於在 有需要之哺乳動物中引發雌激素受體調節作用。所闡述之 化合物亦係相對較弱之雌激素受體激動劑。 就組合避孕而言,炔雌醇係現行市場標準。然而,投與 炔雌醇與靜脈血栓栓塞之風險增加及個體内及個體間生物 利用性之高度差異有關聯。 【發明内容】 因此,本發明之目的係提供作為雌激素受體激動劑之其 他化5物忒等化合物應具有至少與炔雌醇相當之口服生 物利用性。 該目的係根據本發明藉由提供通式(I)化合物來達成 141538.doc 18 201008570
其中 X 係選自由氮及CRa組成之群,其中
Ra 代表氫、Ci-3烧基、P=l-3之CpF2p+1基團,
R 代表氫原子、鹵素原子、C!烷基或三氟曱 基, R,1 係選自氫、鹵素、Ci-3烷基、C2-3烯基、c2.3炔 基及Ci_3烧氧基之群,
Rl6 係選自由氫、羥基、鹵素' Cm烷基、C2-3烯 基、C2_3炔基及三氟甲基組成之群,
R17a&R17b代表氫原子、羥基、視情況經取代之Ci 3烷 基、視情況經取代之C2·3烯基、視情況經取代 之C2_3炔基、鹵素原子、基團_〇c〇Rb,其中 Rb代表n=2或3之基團-(CH2)nCOOH、或c】-5烧 基’前提為若1117&代表羥基,則Rm代表氫原 子或視情況經取代之Cl·3烷基、視情況經取代 之〇2_3烯基或基團_OCORb,其中Rb之定義係如 上文所述,且反之亦然,或 R17a&R17b —起代表氧原子, 141538.doc •12- 201008570 R 代表氫原子或甲基; 或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。 本發明化合物表現與炔雌醇相當之口服生物利用性。 另外,與現行市場標準炔雌醇相比,本發明化合物亦可 相當大地降低肝雌激素活性。 較佳地,本發明化合物對子宮、骨及腦以及乳房中之雌 激素受體(ER)展現出類似於炔雌醇及雌二醇的激動活性。 因此,其適用於口服避孕。 因此,本發明化合物用於單獨避孕或與另外活性成份組 合避孕之用途係本發明之一個實施例。 子宮中之ER激動活性可充分控制出血,此對於避孕方 法而言係所期望的。 骨及腦中之ER激動活性較佳用以防止正在採用組合口 服避孕之年輕女性發生骨質損失及熱潮紅。 另外,本發明化合物適用於治療及預防全身雌激素濃度 降低。較佳地,本發明化合物適用於ERT,尤其適用於治 療及預防血管運動病症、泌尿生殖病症及認知病症。 本發明闡釋包含至少-種式⑴中所述之化合物及視情況 至^種醫藥上適宜之賦形劑及/或載劑的醫藥組合物。 本發明之又一實施例係包含通式】化合物及視情況至少一 種另外活!·生成伤之醫藥組合物。根據本發明,另外活性成 份係SERM(選擇性雌激素受體調節劑)或SERD(選擇性雌激 素受體去穩定劑)或孕激素。 本發明闡釋藉由將上述任一化合物與醫藥上可接受之載 141538.doc 13 201008570 劑混合而製成之醫藥組合物。本發明闡釋製造醫藥組合物 之方法,其包含將上述任—化合物與醫藥上可接受之載劑 混合。 舉例說明本發明係治療有需要之個體中藉由一或多種雌 激素受體介導之病症之方法,其包含向該個體投與治療有 效量之上述任一化合物或醫藥組合物。 本發明闡釋一種避孕方法,其包含向有需要之個體投與 治療有效量之本文所述任一化合物及孕激素之綜合療法。 可用於此綜合療法之孕激素係黃體酮、曲美孕酮 (trimegestone)、乙酸甲羥孕酮、乙酸甲地孕酮、乙酸環丙 孕酮、乙酸氯地孕酮、乙酸烯諾孕酮(nest〇r〇ne)、左炔諾 孕酮、諾孕酮、去氧孕稀、依託孕烯(et_gestfel)(3嗣基 去氧孕烯)、乙酸諾美孕酮(NOMAC)、乙酸諾塞崔酮 (ΝΕΤΑ)、屈螺酮(drospirenone)、孕二烯酮地諾孕素 (dienogest)、乙酸炔諾酮、達那嗤(danaz〇ie)、炔諾孕闕、 及他那普戈特(tanaproget)。 本發明之另一實例係本文所述之任一化合物在製備用以 治療下述病症之藥劑中之用途:(勾熱潮紅,(b)陰道乾 燥’⑷骨質減少,(d)骨質疏鬆症’⑷高血脂症,(f)認識 功他喪失,(g)退化性腦病症,(h)心血管疾病,⑴腦血管 疾病’⑴乳癌,(k)子宮内膜癌,⑴子宮頸癌,㈣前列腺 癌,(η)良性前列腺增生,(0)子宮内膜異位症,(…子宮肌 瘤,(q)骨關節炎;以及(r)使有需要之個體避孕之用途。 就該等適應症而言,本發明化合物亦可與任—給定的選擇 34l538.doc -14· 201008570 性雌激素受體去穩定劑(SERD)或選擇性雌激素受體調節劑 (SERM)或與孕激素組合使用。 適於在此方面與本發明化合物組合者係(例如)如下所 示:氟維司群(fulvestrant)及 WO 98/007740、WO 03/045971 及WO 01/00652中所主張之化合物(SERD)以及他莫昔芬 (Tamoxifen)、雷洛昔芬(Raloxifen)、巴澤昔芬(Bazedoxifene)、 阿佐昔芬(Arzoxifene) '阿佐昔芬(Lasofoxifene)、氣米芬 (Clomiphene)、奥美昔芬(Ormeloxifene)、左美洛昔芬 (Levormeloxifene)、托瑞米芬(Toremifene)、奥培米芬 (Ospemifene) > TAS-108、PSK-3471、CHF-4227、GSK-2329802、LY-2066948及 WO 01/68634及 WO 03/033461 中 所主張之化舍物(SERM)以及黃體酮、曲美孕酮、乙酸甲 羥孕酮、乙酸曱地孕酮、乙酸環丙孕酮、乙酸氣地孕酮、 奈斯托酮、左炔諾孕酮、諾孕酮、去氧孕烯、依託孕烯(3-酮基去氧孕烯)、乙酸諾美孕酮(NOMAC)、乙酸諾塞甾酮 (ΝΕΤΑ)、屈螺酮、孕二烯酮、地諾孕素、乙酸炔諾酮、 達那唑、炔諾孕酮、及他那普戈特(孕激素)。 本發明較佳係關於式(I)化合物
141538.doc 15 201008570 其中χ、R2、R11、R16、尺173及111713係如本文所定義。 如上所述,本發明化合物係雌激素受體α之調節劑且因 此可用於治療及預防與雌激素耗盡有關之病症,包括(但 不限於)熱潮紅、陰道乾燥、骨質減少、骨質疏鬆症、古 血脂症、s忍識功能喪失、退化性腦疾病、心血管疾病及腦 血管疾病;用於治療激素敏感性癌及增生(包括女性乳 房、子宮内膜、及子宮頸及男性前列腺之組織);用於治 療及預防子宮内膜異位症、子宮肌瘤、及骨關節炎。 本發明化合物尤其適宜單獨或與孕激素組合用作避孕藥 劑。有用孕激素之實例係如上文所述。 【實施方式】 通式(I)之本發明化合物之取代基(定義為基團)在每一情 形下皆可具有下述含義: C!-3-&C]·5烷基意指不具支鏈或視情況具支鏈烷基。其 實例係甲纟'乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正第三丁基、異第 三丁基、正戊基、2,2-二甲基丙基、3·甲基丁基。 在R17a&Rb2含義中’曱基較佳。 在R-之含義中’視情況經取代之Cl·〗烷基意指甲基、 乙基、丙基及異丙基。 烯基意指不具支鏈或視情況具支鏈稀基。C2.3稀基在本 發明上下文中之含義之實例係乙縣、丙稀基及稀丙基。 乙烯基較佳。 二=====炔“欲 141538.doc 201008570 就CPF2P+1之含義而言,經部分或完全氟化icy氟化烷 基適宜’具體而言三氟曱基適宜。 南素原子可係氣、氯、溴或峨原子。此處氣較佳。 就本發明化合物而言,各Rn以及Rie取代基可呈心或卜 取向。 就組合口服豸孕而^,任-本文所述化纟物必須與諸如 下述等孕激素組合:黃體酮、曲美孕酮、乙酸甲羥孕酮、 乙酸甲地孕酮、乙酸環丙孕酮、乙酸氯地孕酮、奈斯托 嗣左炔諾孕鲷、謹孕網、去氧孕歸、依託孕稀(3_嗣基去 氧孕烯)、乙酸諾美孕酮(N〇MAC)、乙酸諾塞留酮 (ΝΕΤΑ)屈螺酮、孕二烯酮、地諾孕素、乙酸炔諾酮、 達那唑、炔諾孕_、及他那普戈特。 本文所用術語「藉由雌激素受體調節或介導之疾病或病 症」應意指藉由雌激素受體&介導之任何疾病或病症、藉 雌激素又體β介導之任何疾病或病症或藉由雌激素受體α β者”導之任何疾病或病症。舉例而言,熱潮紅、陰 道乾燥、f質減少、骨質疏鬆症、高血脂症、認識功能喪 失退化性腦病症、心血管疾病、腦血管疾病、乳癌、子 呂内膜癌、子宮頸癌、前列腺癌、良性前列腺增生 (BPH)、子宮内膜異位症、子宮肌瘤、骨關節炎及避孕。 文所用術語「退化性腦疾病」將包括認知病症、癡呆 (不娜任何潛在原因)及阿滋海默氏病。本文所用術語「心 血管疼政 命 、」應包括高金脂濃度 '冠狀動脈硬化及冠心病。 文所用術語「腦血管疾病」將包括局部腦血流異常及 141538.doc •17· 201008570 缺血性腦損傷。 本文所用術語「個體」係指作為治療、觀察或實驗之目 標的動物,較佳為哺乳動物,最佳為人類。本文所用術語 「治療有效量」意指研究者、獸醫師、醫師或其他臨床醫 師_所尋求的引起組織系統、動物或人類中之生物或醫學反 應的活性化合物或醫藥試劑之量,該反應包括所治療疾病 或病症之症狀的緩和。其中本發明係關於包含投與一或多 種式(I)化合物及孕激素之綜合療法,「治療有效量」意指 組合效應可引起所期望生物或醫學反應的一起投用之試劑 組合之量。舉例而言,包含式(I)化合物及孕激素或SERM 或SERD投與之綜合療法的治療有效量可係式⑴化合物之 量及孕激素、SERM或SERD之量,其在一同或依次服用時 可具有治療有效之組合效應。此外,熟習此項技術者應瞭 解在採用治療有效量之綜合療法之情形中,如上述實例中 所示,式I化合物之量及/或孕激素或SERM或SERD之量可 個別為或不為治療有效的。 本文所用術語「綜合療法」意指藉由投與一或多種式⑴ 化合物及孕激素或SERM或SERD來對有需要之個體實施治 療,其中式(I)化合物及孕激素、SERM或SERD係藉由任何 適宜手段同時、依次、分開或以單一醫藥調配物投與。當 以分開劑型投與式(I)化合物及孕激素、SERM或SERD時, 各化合物每日所投與劑量量可相同或不同。可經由相同或 不同的投與途徑來投與式⑴化合物及孕激素、SERM或 SERD。適宜投與方法之實例包括(但不限於)經口、靜脈内 141538.doc •18· 201008570 (w·)、肌内皮下(sc·)、經皮、及經直腸。亦可將化 合物直接投與神經系統,包括(但不限於)經由使用或不使 用幫浦裝置之顱内或脊柱内針及/或導管遞送之大腦内、 心室内、㈣室内、鞘内、及腦池内、脊柱内及/或脊柱旁 (pert-sPinal)投與途徑。式⑴化合物及孕激素或serm或 SERD可根據同時或交替投與方案在療法過程期間之相同 或不同時間以分開或單一形式並行投與。
本文所用術語「組合物」意欲涵蓋包含規定量的規定成 份之產品以及可自規定量的規定成份之組合直接或間接產 生之任何產品。 就醫學中之用途而言,本發明化合物之鹽係指無毒的 「醫藥上可接受之鹽。」然而,其他鹽亦可用於製備本發 明化合物或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。該等化合物之適宜醫藥 上可接受之鹽包括酸加成鹽,舉例而言,該等酸加成鹽可 藉由將該化合物之溶液與諸如鹽酸、硫酸、富馬酸、馬來 酸、琥珀酸、乙酸、苯曱酸、檸檬酸、酒石酸、碳酸或磷 酸等醫藥上可接受之酸的溶液混合而形成。此外,當本發 明化合物載有酸性部分時,其適宜醫藥上可接受之鹽可包 括驗金屬鹽,例如鈉或鉀鹽;鹼土金屬鹽,例如每或鎮 鹽,及與適宜有機配體形成之鹽’例如四級錄鹽。因此, 代表性醫藥上可接受之鹽包括下述鹽:乙酸鹽、苯續酸 鹽、苯曱酸鹽、碳酸氫鹽、硫酸氫鹽、酒石酸氫鹽、蝴酸 鹽、溴化物、依地酸鈣(calcium edetate)、樟腦磺酸鹽、碳 酸鹽' 氣化物、棒地酸鹽(clavulanate)、檸檬酸越、卡匹 141538.doc -19· 201008570 帕明(dihydrochloride)、依地酸鹽、乙二續酸鹽、依託酸 鹽(estolate)、乙磺酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、葡庚糖酸鹽、葡萄糖 酸鹽、麵胺酸鹽、對α_經乙酿胺基苯神酸鹽 (glyC〇llylarsanilate)、己基間苯二酚鹽、哈胺(hydrabamine)、 氫溴化物、氫氯化物、羥基萘甲酸鹽、碘化物、羥乙基磺 酸鹽、乳酸鹽、乳糖酸鹽、月桂酸鹽、蘋果酸鹽、馬來酸 鹽、扁桃酸鹽、去鐵胺(meSylate)、溴代甲烧、硝酸甲 酯、硫酸曱酯、黏酸鹽、萘磺酸鹽、硝酸鹽、N_曱基葡萄 糖胺錢鹽、油酸鹽、恩波環氣脈(parn〇ate)(雙經萘酸鹽)、 棕棚酸鹽、泛酸鹽、磷酸鹽/磷酸氫鹽、聚半乳糖醛酸 鹽、水楊酸鹽、硬脂酸鹽、硫酸鹽、次乙酸鹽、琥珀酸 鹽、鞣酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、茶氣酸鹽、曱苯磺酸鹽、三乙基 碘及戊酸鹽。 在本發明之一個實施例中,Rwa係選自由氫、視情況經 取代之C!·3烷基、視情況經取代之C2.3烯基、視情況經取代 之C2·3炔基組成之群,而係選自由羥基、氟、_〇c〇Rb (其中Rb係如上文所定義)組成之群。
Cl·3烷基、C:2-3烯基及匚2 3炔基之適宜取代基係羥基、氟 或基團OR(其中R係Cl_3烷基)。 在本發明之一個實施例中,Ru係選自由氫、羥基及氟 組成之群。 在本發明一個實施例中,R18係氫原子。 在本發明一個實施例中,χ代表CRa,其中Ra係如上 所定義。 141538.doc 201008570 在本發明之另-實施例中,Ra代表氫原子 '三氣甲基或 甲基。 在本發明之另一實施例中,Rna係選自由氫 '甲基、三 敗曱基、乙稀基及乙炔基組成之群。 在本發明之另一實施例中,表經基或氣原子。 在本發明之又-實施例中’ R"代表氫原子、氟原子、 羥基或甲氧基。 在本發明之又-實施例中’ r2代表氫原子、氟原子或三 氟甲基。 在本發明之又-實施例中,r16代表幾基,R17a代表氣原 子且R17b代表氣原子。 在本發明之又一實施例中,Rn代表羥基,尺⑴代表氫原 子、乙烯基、乙炔基、?基或三氟甲基且Rl6代表氫或氟 原子或經基。 根據本發明’下述化合物、及其用途較佳: 2,Η·吼。坐并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)_三烯_17卜醇 17α-甲基-2Ή“比唾并[3’,4,:3,4]雄_1,3,5(1〇)_三稀_17卜醇 17α-乙基-2Ή-η比唾并[3’,4,:3,4]雖_13 5(1〇)_三稀 _17卜醇 17α-丙基-2,Η-η比唑并^,^〜雌十^^三稀七卜醇 17 α-乙稀基-2Ή♦坐并[3|,4,:3,4]雖_135(1〇)_三稀_導醇 17α-乙块基-2’H-t坐并[:^^⑷雕十^⑽-三稀七卜醇 2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌_1,3,5(1〇)_三烯_17_酮 2_ 氟 _2Ή_η比唾并[3,,4,:3,4]雌_135(1〇)_三烯_17卜醇 2-氟-17α-曱基-2Ή-«比唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯_ 141538.doc -21- 201008570 17β-醇 17α-乙基-2-氟-2Ή-吡唑并[3ΐ,4·:3,4]雌-l,3,5(10)-三烯-l7β-醇 2-氟-17α-丙基-2Ή-吡唑并[3'4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17β-醇 2-氟-17α-乙烯基-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 烯-17β-醇 17α-乙炔基-2-氟-2Ή-吡唑并[3',4,··3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 烯-17β-醇 110-氟-2,11-吡唑并[3’,4':3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-170-醇 11β-氟-17α-甲基-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4丨:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 烯-17β-醇 17α-乙基-11β-氟-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 烯-17β-醇 11β-氟-17α-丙基-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 烯-17β-醇 11戸-氟-17〇1-乙烯基-2,11-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 烯-17β-醇 17α-乙炔基-11β-氟-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 烯-17β-醇 5’-甲基-2’11-吡唑并[3’,4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-170-醇 5,,17-二甲基-2Ή-吡唑并[3',4'··3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17β-醇 2-氟-5,,17-二甲基-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4':3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 141538.doc -22- 201008570 [3’,4':3,4]雌 _1,3,5(10)-三烯 稀-17β-醇 2-氟-5'-甲 17β-醇 17α·稀丙基·2Ή-°比tr坐并[3’,4 7 v a ^ 醇 17α·(丙-1·快基)-2Ή-°比唾并『3,4,·ι /11«^ 开卩,4 ·3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯 17β-酵 17α-三氟甲基_2,H-d比唾并「3' /11·^ 17β-醇
17α-五氣乙基·2’Η-°比。坐莽「3丨4,·"5 /μ ΟΛ· 开 ^,4 ,3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烁 17β-醇 3Ή-三唾并[4’,5’:3,4]雌_13 5(1〇)_三稀_17-酮 w坐并[4’,5,:3,4]雌_13,5(叫三歸_17卜醇 該等化合物亦可以非對映異構體存在。應瞭解所有該 等異構體及其混合物皆涵蓋於本發明範圍内。 " 晶形體存在且 此外,該等化合物之部分結晶形式可以多 因此意欲包括於本發明中。 另外’部分化合物可與水(即水合物)或常見有機溶劑形 成$合物,且此等溶合物亦意欲涵蓋於本發明範圍内。 當用於製備本發明化合物之方法可生成立體異構體混合 物時,該等異構體可藉由習用技術(例如製備型層析法)二 Ζ製備呈外消旋形式之化合物,或可藉由對映異構特異 性合成或拆分來製備個別對映異構體。舉例而言,可藉由 準技術將該等化合物拆分成其組成對映異構體,例如 藉 MJ538.doc -23- 201008570 由與光學活性酸(例如(-)-二·對_甲笨甲醯基酒石酸及/ 或(+)-二-對·甲苯曱醯基_L_酒石酸)形成鹽繼而經分步結晶 並再生游離鹼來形成非對映異構體對。亦可藉由形成^ = 映異構體醋《胺繼而料層#分離並去除對掌性助劑來 拆分該等化合物。或者,可使用對掌性HpLc管柱來拆分 該等化合物。 在製備本發明化合物之任一方法期間可能有必要及/ 或期望對任一所涉及之分子上之敏感性或反應性基團實施 保護。此可藉助習用保護基團來達成,例如彼等闡述於_
Protective Groups in 〇rganic chemistry,J.F.W. Mc〇mie^ 輯,Plenum Press, 1973 ;及 T W „ ^ A W. Greene & P.〇.M. Wuts,
Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & S_’ 1991中者。可使用此項技術中已知之方法在適宜後 續階段去除保護基團。 本發明在其範圍内包括本發明化合物之前藥。一般而 言’此等前藥可為在活體内易於轉化成所需化合物的化合 物之功能衍生物。因此,在本發明之治療方法中術語❿ 「投與」涵蓋用具體揭示之化合物或用可能未具體揭示但 在投與患者後可在活體内轉化為指定化合物之化合物㈣ · 療所述各病症。用於選擇及製備適宜前藥衍生物之習用程 序蘭述於(例如)「Design Qf⑽叩,h Bu却^」,
Elsevier編輯,1985 中。 本發明化合物治療藉由雌激素受體介導之病症之實用性 可根據下述程序來確定: 141538.doc •24- 201008570 本發明化合物之生物學特性 雌激素受體結合研究 結合至雌激素受體α
該分析使用經放射性標記之雌二醇實施競爭實驗來監測 工具化合物與雌激素受體a(ERa)之結合。自經編碼任一人 類ERa之重組杆狀病毒轉染的Hi5細胞之細胞溶質部分純化 結合分析中所用之ERa蛋白質。在-80°C下儲存細胞溶質部 分之等分試樣且其蛋白質濃度為5-7 mg/ml(如藉由BCA法 所測定)。 在具有錐形孔之Greiner微量滴定板中實施結合分析。在 分析緩衝液(10 mM TRIS/HC1 pH 7.4,1.5 mM EDTA, 1 0%甘油)中將5 μΐ測試化合物(以各種濃度溶解於10% DMSO 中)與 15 μΐ 16.66 ηΜ 3Η-雌二醇([2,4,6,7-3Η(Ν)]-雌 二醇,70-115 Ci/mmol,ΝΕΝ)混合。 添加30 μΐ細胞溶質形成50 μΐ/孔之最終體積。最終蛋白 質濃度係50-200 pg/孔,最終冷雌二醇或工具化合物濃度 範圍為0.3 ηΜ至1 μΜ。所有試樣皆重複測試兩次。在10 μΜ冷雌二醇存在下測定非特異性結合;在不存在冷雌二 醇或測試化合物時量測總結合。在室溫及放射性標記雌二 醇存在下將ERa與不同濃度之雌二醇或工具化合物一起培 養1 h。之後,將45 μΐ培養混合物轉移至預裝有50 μΐ/孔冷 炭懸浮液(2°/。炭,存於1〇1111^丁1118/11(:1?117.4中之0.2%葡 聚糖Τ70,1.5 mM EDTA,15%甘油)之微量滴定過濾板 (EVENT板,0.2 μιη孔,低蛋白質結合過渡器(Eppendorf)) 141538.doc -25- 201008570 中以結合未結合受體之放射性雌二醇。使用真空幫浦將混 合物過濾至Picoplate中以將結合蛋白質之放射性雌二醇與 未結合蛋白質之放射性雌二醇分離。藉由向各孔添加200 μΐ Microszint-40 (Canberra Packard)使用 TopCount閃爍計 數器來量測與蛋白質結合之放射性雌二醇。生成劑量反應 曲線並計算雌二醇及測試化合物之IC50值。另外,藉由用 測試化合物之IC5Q除以參照物(即雌二醇)之IC5〇來確定KF 值。將雌二醇之KF定義為1。 U20S細胞中之反式激活分析 為了分析測試化合物對ERa之反式激活性質,吾人使用 經ERa及雌激素-反應性螢光素酶報告質粒(即p(ERE)2-luc+) 瞬時轉染之U20S細胞(人類骨肉瘤細胞系),如前文所述 (Wessler 專 k,J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. (2006), 98(1):25-3 5)。將細胞血清饑餓至少24小時並在96孔板上 以10000個細胞/孔之密度將其接種於含有5%炭處理血清、 4 mM麩胺醯胺、100 U/ml青黴素、及100 pg/ml鏈黴素之 無酚紅DMEM中。在接種後6小時,使用FuGENE 6根據製 造商說明書用螢光素酶報告質粒及適宜人類雌激素受體對 細胞實施瞬時轉染過夜。第二天移除培養基並將180 μΐ含 有5%炭處理血清之DMEM添加至細胞中。 在1 % DMSO中製備測試化合物及雌二醇之連續稀釋 液,範圍為10_7-10'12 Μ。經24小時將20 μΐ該等稀釋液添 加至細胞中,分別形成最終濃度為1〇_8-1(Γ13 Μ之雌二醇或 測試化合物。在用媒劑或測試化合物刺激細胞後,抽吸出 141538.doc •26- 201008570 培養基並在室溫下經30分鐘用30 μΐ lx溶解試劑(Promega E1531)溶解細胞。隨後添加30 μΐ螢光素酶受質A (PharMingen 556867)及 30 μΐ螢光素酶受質B(PharMOngen 556869)。在光度計(DYNATECH)中對板實施量測。生成 劑量反應曲線並使用Sigma Plot計算ED50值。 經穩定轉染之MCF-7細胞甲之反式激活分析(MVLN分析) 為了在第二細胞系統中分析由各種工具化合物所引起之 ER α激活,吾人使用内源性表現ERa且經雌激素-反應性卵 黃生成素-tk-螢光素酶報告質粒穩定轉染之MCF-7細胞。 在含有5%炭處理血清、4 mM麩胺醯胺、1〇〇 U/ml青黴 素、及100 pg/ml鏈黴素之無酚紅DMEM中將細胞饑餓至少 3天。以25 μΐ培養基/孔將6000個細胞接種於384孔板上並 用媒劑、雌二醇或測試化合物(濃度範圍為10_6-1(Γ13 Μ)對 其實施24小時刺激。在添加25 μΐ穩定-Glo後在TopCount中 量測螢光素酶活性。生成劑量反應曲線並使用SiSma Plot 計算EC5Q值。 人類子宮内膜Is hi kawa細胞中之驗性雄酸蘇之誘導 鹼性磷酸酶係正常子宮上皮細胞以及衍生自子宮内膜之 癌細胞(例如Ishikawa細胞)中之雌激素把基因。可使用雌 二醇或測試化合物對鹼性磷酸酶活性之誘導來評價在該等 細胞中測試化合物對内源性表現ERa之活體外效能。在具 有5% FCS、4 mM麩胺醯胺、1%非必需胺基酸及1〇〇 U/ml 青黴素及100 pg/ml鏈黴素之無酚紅MEM中維持Ishikawa細 胞(來自歐洲細胞培養物保藏中心)。測試前,將細胞在含 141538.doc -27· 201008570 有5%炭處理FCS之無酚紅MEM中饑餓72小時。將媒劑或測 試化合物添加至涵蓋1〇_7至1〇·13 Μ範圍之變化濃度的培養 基中。將細胞培養72小時。在第三天移除培養基;用50 μΐ PBS將細胞洗滌兩次並隨後於_8〇°C下冰凍20 min。在室溫 下經10 min解凍後,將細胞與1〇〇 μι 1步式PNPP試劑 (Pierce) —起培養並在室溫下培養1.5 h。使用Polarstar Optima在405 nm下量測OD。生成劑量反應曲線並使用 Sigma plot計算 ED5。值。 活體内子宮生長之刺激 一個經典的由ER<x介導之活體内作用係刺激去勢動物中 之子宮生長。為了評價測試化合物對ERa之活體内效能, 對成年雌性Wistar大鼠實施卵巢切除。在卵巢切除後14 天’用媒劑(苯曱酸苄酯/蓖麻油1+4)或不同劑量之測試化 合物每天經皮下處理動物並持續14天。第15天處死動物並 測定相對子宮重量。用Sigma plot生成劑量反應曲線以蜂 定測試化合物與作為標準之雌二醇相比對ERa之活體内活 性。 在肝細胞中之穩定性 藉由將測試化合物與肝細胞一起培養來研究該等測試化 合物在1期及2期代謝中之代謝穩定性。進行該等研究以確 足化合物在預期為2期代謝時之特性。將不同的測試化合 物與經冷藏保存的具有相當代謝活性(均質懸浮液中之肝 細胞數)之人類肝細胞懸浮液一起培養足夠長時間。在分 析處理後獲知’培養不同時間段後測試化合物之濃度與各 141538.doc • 28 · 201008570 測試化合物之初始濃度(零小時時間點)有關。使用在分析 中得到的所研究測試化合物之濃度-時間-曲線下面積來推 導各自的Fmax值。該數據給出所研究測試化合物之最大理 論生物利用性。 結果 根據上述程序測試本發明化合物與ERa之結合、對ERot 之反式激活、在MVLN分析中之活性、對Ishikawa細胞中 驗性構酸酶之誘導、及對刺激子宮生長之活體内活性。 如可在例示(但不限於)化合物1之表1中看出,本發明化 合物係針對活體外結合及反式激活及針對活體内子宮生長 誘導之有效ERa激動劑,其展現明顯高於雌二醇的口服生 物利用性。 表1 實驗讀數 實例1 雌二醇 ERa 結合[KF] 1.6 1 EC50ERa反式激活,U20S細胞[pM] 82 15 EC50ERa反式激活,MVLN分析[pM] 1420 216 EC5〇驗性雄酸酶誘導,Ishikawa細胞[pM] 759 72.6 ED5〇子宮生長,〇g/kg體重] 8.25 1.03 Fmax(自肝細胞穩定性計算) 34% 17% 如自表2可見,該等化合物係針對活體外反式激活之有 效ERa激動劑。 -29- 141538.doc 201008570 表2
關於實例1及實例4相對於炔雌醇之子宮及肝活性數據展 示於圖1、2、及3中。圖中展示炔雌醇(圖1}、實例丨(圖 ❹ 2)、及實例4(圖3)之劑量反應曲線,該曲線描述相對子宮 重量之增加(實心圓)及肝基因CaBP之誘導(空心圓)。炔雌 醇可顯著誘導CaBP,而實例}及4之化合物不刺激該肝基 因,但表現完全子宮營養活性。此可表明,實例丨及4之化 合物表現低於块雌醇之肝雌激素活性。 劑董 因此,本發明提供治療有需要之個體中藉由雌激素受體 141538.doc -30· 201008570 介導之病症之方法,其包含以可有效治療該病症之量投與 如本文所疋義之任一化合物。該化合物可藉由任一習用投 與途徑投與患者,包括(但不限於)靜脈内'口、皮下、肌 内、皮内及非經腸。可有效避孕或治療藉由雌激素受體介 導之病症的化合物之量係在每天〇·5 Mg/kg與1 mg/kg個體 體重之間’端視投與途徑、適應症及各化合物之效能而 •定。 本發明亦提供包含一或多種本發明化合物及醫藥上可接 受載劑的醫藥組合物。該等組合物較佳呈3〇單位劑型,例 如錠劑帛丸、膠囊、粉劑、顆粒、滅菌非經腸溶液或懸 矛液、计量式氣溶膠或液體噴霧劑、滴劑、安瓿、自動注 射器裝置或栓劑;用於經口、非經腸、鼻内、舌下或直腸 投與’或用於吸入或吹入投與。或者,該組合物可為適於 母週1次或每月1次投與之形式;舉例而言,活性化合物之 不溶性鹽(例如癸酸鹽)可適於提供用於肌肉注射之積貯 φ (depot)製劑。就製備諸如錠劑等固體組合物而言,將主要 活性成份與醫藥載劑(例如習用製錠成份,例如玉米澱 叙乳糖、薦糖、山梨醇、滑石粉、硬脂酸、硬脂酸鎮、 磷酸一鈣或樹膠)及其他醫藥稀釋劑(例如水)混合以形成含 有本發月化5物或其醫藥上可接受鹽之均質混合物的固體 預調配組合物。當提及此等預調配組合物呈均質時,其意 才曰該活)·生成份係均勻地分散於整個組合物中,以便可輕易 地將《亥j s物細分成等效劑型例如錠劑、藥丸及膠囊。 然後,將該固體預調配組合物細分成上述類型之單位劑 141538.doc •31 - 201008570 型’其含有0.025至約100 mg本發明活性成份。該新穎組 合物之錠劑或藥九可經包覆或以其他方式配製,以提供具 有持久作用優點之劑型。舉例而言,該錠劑或藥丸可包含 内部劑量組份及外部劑量組份,後者為前者之包膜形式。 兩種組份可由腸溶層分離,該腸溶層用來防止於胃中崩解 並容許該内部組份完整的進入十二指腸或延遲釋放。此等 腸溶層或包衣可使用多種材料,此等材料包括許多聚合酸 及諸如蟲膠、十六烷醇及乙酸纖維素等材料。
可納入本發明新穎組合物經口或注射投與之液體形式包 括水溶液、適當矯味之糖漿、水性或油性懸浮液,及具有 可食用油(例如棉籽油、芝麻油、椰子油或花生油)之矯味 乳液,以及酏劑及類似醫藥媒劑。適合用於水性懸浮液之 分散劑或懸浮劑包括合成及天然樹膠,例如黃耆膠、阿拉 伯膠、藻酸鹽、葡聚糖、羧曱基纖維素鈉、曱基纖維素、 聚乙烯吡咯啶酮或明膠。
治療藉由本發明中所述雌激素受體介導之病症之方法亦 可使用包含本文所定義之任__化合物及醫藥上可接受之載 劑的醫藥組合物來實施。醫藥組合物可含有介於約5叫與 1000 mg、較佳約1〇與5〇〇 mg之間之該化合物且可製成 適於所選u方式之任何形式。載劑包括必需的惰性醫藥 賦形劑,包括(但不限於)黏合劑、懸浮劑、潤滑劑、矯味 劑、甜味劑、防腐齊J、染料、及包衣。適於經口投與之組 合物包括固體形式(例如藥丸、錠劑、囊片、膠囊(各包括 立即釋放、疋時釋放及持續釋放調配物)、顆粒、及粉劑) 141538.doc 32- 201008570 及液體形式(例如溶液、糖难 漿、酏劑、乳液、及懸浮液)。 適於非經腸投與之形式包括A 子收) 飞巴祜無菌洛液、乳液及懸浮液。 有利地’本發明化合物可 θ ^早-人日劑量投與,或總的曰
劑I可以母日兩次、三,澎 A — 次四-人之分次劑量投與。另外, :發明化合物可以鼻内形式經由局部使用適宜鼻内媒劑投 與’或經由彼等熟習該項技術者f知的經皮皮心片形式 投與0當然,對於以麵&、碎 、士皮遞送系統形式投與而言,整個劑
量方案中劑量投與應為連續的而非間歇的。 —舉例而言’對於以鍵劑或膠囊形式經口投與而言,活性 樂物組份可與經口、無毒性醫藥上可接受之惰性載劑(例 如乙醇、·^油、水及諸如此類)組合。此外’當期望或需 要時,亦可將適宜的黏合劑、潤滑劑、崩解劑及著色劑納 入此合物中。適宜黏合劑包括(但不限於)澱粉、明膠 '天 然糖類(例如㈣糖或β乳糖)、玉米甜味劑、天然、及合成樹 膠(例如阿拉伯膠、黃蓍膠)或油酸鈉、硬脂酸鈉、硬脂酸 鎂、苯甲酸鈉、乙酸鈉、氯化鈉及諸如此類。崩解劑包括 (但不限於)澱粉、曱基纖維素、瓊脂、膨潤土、黃原膠及 諸如此類® 液體形式可包括經適當矯味之懸浮劑或分散劑,例如合 成及天然樹膠,例如,黃蓍膠、阿拉伯膠、甲基纖維素及 諸如此類。就非經腸投與而言,期望無菌懸浮液及溶液。 當期望靜脈内投與時,可採用通常含有適宜防腐劑之等滲 製劑。 本發明化合物亦可以脂質體遞送系統形式投與,例如單 141538.doc 33- 201008570 層小囊泡、單層大囊泡及多層 ,. f襄/包。脂質體可自多種磷脂 (例如膽固醇、硬脂胺或磷脂 膽驗)形成。本發明化合物 亦可藉由使用單株抗體作為 类诚、、,^ - 、化s物分子偶合之單獨載劑 來遞达。本發明化合物亦可與 Ή Ψ 、乍為可靶向樂物載劑之可溶 f生聚σ物偶合。此等聚合物 匕括經棕櫊醯殘基取代之聚 乙烯吡咯啶酮、吡喃共聚物、 眾羥丙基甲基丙醯胺苯酚、 聚麵乙基天冬醯胺苯酚、或平 … 次聚環氧乙烷聚離胺酸。此外, 本發明化合物可與一類可用於、去丄、— 頰τ用於達成藥物受控釋放之生物可 降解聚合物偶合,例如,聚乳 取孔駸、聚ε己内酯、聚羥基丁 酸、聚原酸酯、聚縮醛、聚二氣 紙此淹、聚氰基丙烯酸酯及 水凝膠之交聯或兩親性嵌段共聚物。 當需要避孕或治療藉由雌激素受體介導之病症時,可以 任-上述組合物形式根據業内已確定之劑量方案來投與本 發明化合物。產品日劑量可在25叫至1〇〇㈣成人/天之較 寬範圍内變化。就經口投與而言’較佳以含有〇〇25、 性成份(根據症狀調整劑量)之錠劑形式向需要避孕之女性 或擬治療患者提供該等組合物。擬投與之最佳劑量可由彼 f熟習此項技術者容易地較,且可隨所用具體化合物、 投與方式、及製劑強度及疾病病況進展而改變。另外,與 正接受治療之具體患者有關之因素(包括患者年齡、重 量、飲食及投與時間)可導致需要調整劑量。 陳述下述實例以有助於理解本發明且並非意欲且不應理 解為以任何方式限制後文申請專利範圍中所述之本發明。 14I538.doc -34- 201008570 本發明化合物可 > 姑_ :、+· 借,Β1 祀χ據下述—般方案使用適宜材料來製 隨後的具體實例來進一步舉例說 ;為各實例中所閣釋之化合物構成本發明之唯二= ==術者可容易地理解,可使用下述製備型程序 条件及方法之已知變化形式來製備該等化合物。除非另 有說明,否則所有溫度皆係攝氏度。 本發明之最終化合物係根據方案⑴中所述來合成。 一般方法及實驗内容
式⑴之新穎化合物係根據方中所述之方法來製備。 合成始於在鹼性條件[NL 6405235]下用甲酸乙醋使丨7p-羥 基-5α-雌-1·烯·3·酮1 [US 19591229]羥甲基化,獲得式2之 羥甲基化類固醇。該等化合物與肼反應得到稠合吡唑3。 在不同條件下用若干氧化劑(例如用氫氧化把(π)(美國專利 弟6399766號))使此等非芳族β比唾并·類固醇芳構化,產生 式4之芳族吡唑并類固醇。以類似方式合成在丨8位具有取 代基之化合物。
方案1 141538.doc -35- 201008570 作為替代方案,相應5 β-衍生物亦適宜在如方案2中所繪 示之相同途徑中作為起始材料。自經詳細闡述之1 7β-經基-5β-雌-1-烯-3_酮la(us 3007947)依照上述方案1中關於4位 每曱基化之合成方法開始合成,用肼形成吡唑并最終實施 芳構化’產生式4之芳族吡唑并類固酵。
方案2 根據方案3來達成π位之取代。反應順序包括用不同氧 化劑氧化化合物4或實施熟習此項技術之專業人士已知之 反應’例如奧本艾爾氧化(Oppenauer oxidation)),用戴斯_ 馬丁 過峨烧(Dess-Martin periodinane)氧化(Dess, Martin ® 〇g· CTzem· 48,4155(1983))或用過釕酸四丙銨/N甲基 氧化馬琳氧化(Ley等人’ Zeii. 3〇 3204 (1989))反應,從而生成相應17_酮5。使該等酮$與諸如有 機鎂或有機鋰試劑等不同親核劑反應,得到式6之17_取代 吡唑并類固醇。 141538.doc -36- 201008570
方案3 • 或者,如方案4中所述,可自芳族前體(其可藉由熟習此 項技術之專業人士已知之方法(參見一般參考文獻:Fieser and Fieser: Steroids; Reinhold出版公司,1959)來製備)開 始合成,得到"比唑并類固醇8。可在酸性條件下使4-甲醯 基雌二醇7(其可根據文獻[Liu, Yong ; Kim,Byoungmoo; Taylor, Scott D., Journal of Organic Chemistry (2007), 72(23),8824-8830]以類似方式來製備)與肼反應,或以與 文獻[Lokhande 等人,JWra/zet/rcm 48; 6890 ® (20〇7)]中所述類似之方式直接與鹽酸肼反應。
方案4 可藉由方案5中所展示之下述順序來引入5,位取代基。 可使類型7之醛與諸如格氏(Grignarii)試劑或有機鋰化合物 141538.doc •37· 201008570 等親核劑反應而得_型9 , 』用5亥領域内專素人 已知之不同氧化劑(例如二童 寻菜人士 氧化鉻、過釕酸四丙銨/Ν_甲Α_ η-氧化嗎啉)來氧化該等醇而得 " 4 φ ^ ^ ^ ^ 之鲖。可以與方案 4中所述類似之程序使該等 τ的兴風鹱肼反應而得到類 n 之η比<»坐。
方案5 方案6中閉述另一方法。可自雌二醇衍生物12開始製備 類型 13 之 4-甲酿基衍生物(J. 〇rg. chem. 72 (2007), 8824- 3〇)。3-胺基官能團之引入可藉由製備2-甲基-丙·醢胺_醚並 隨後在極性溶劑中處理該中間體來達成。(參見:j. Chem. Soc. 1990, 767-71; Org. Lett. 7,(2005),3629-31)。丙醯基 苯胺之裂解得到游離苯胺14。該轉化之另一替代方案係將 苯酚轉變為離去基團(例如三氟曱磺酸基)並隨後用含氮化 合物(例如苄胺或六甲基二矽氮烷鈉)實施鈀催化反應(參 見:Tetrahedron Lett· 44, (2003) 3071-73 ; Tetrahedron Lett. 46, (2005),7111-15 ; J. Med. Chem. 49,(2006),3832- 141538.doc -38 · 201008570 49, Tetrahedron Lett. 43,(2〇〇2),7617_2〇)。可以類似於文 獻(Org. Lett. 10’(2008),1〇21·23)中所述之方法來實施下 述轉化。用羥胺處理後可獲得羥亞胺衍生物15。隨後脫水 得到所期望之吡唑16。
方案6 : 可根據方案7中所述來製備三唑。可以類似於上述方案6 之方法將類型17之4-硝基-雌三烯衍生物(H〇rwitz等人,j
Med. Chem· 29,692 (1986))轉化為3-胺基衍生物18。可藉 由習知還原方法將胺基-硝基衍生物丨8還原成相應二胺基-衍生物19。 141538.doc •39· 201008570
R17b ^«"R17a
N02 18
R17b rR17a 方案7 可藉由用(例如)亞硝酸鉀及硫酸實施亞硝化來製備三唑 20 (Chemische Berichte; 9; 222 (1876))。 實例1 1) 2,H-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,41雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17好-醇 a) 17β-經基-4(Ζ)·|^亞甲基-5(χ·雄-1-稀-3·明
將500 mg 17β-羥基-5α-雌-1-烯-3·酮存於1〇如卜比咬及15 ml甲酸乙酯中之溶液冷卻至·10°C。逐份添加甲醇納(15 ml ’ 1 M)溶液。經2小時使混合物升溫至室溫。將反應混 合物倒入冰水中並用鹽酸中和,用乙酸乙酯萃取,經硫酸 納乾燥並真空濃縮,生成540 mg黃色油狀物。該材料未經 進一步純化及定性即用於下一步驟中。 141538.doc -40- 201008570 b) 2,H-吡唑并[5,,4,:3,4]-5〇^雌-1-烯-17轉-醇
向520 mg 17β-羥基-4(Z)-羥亞甲基-5α-雌-1-烯-3-酮存於 6 ml乙酵中之粗製溶液中添加肼存於THF( 1.9 m卜1 Μ)中 之溶液。將混合物在室溫下攪拌3小時。用乙酸乙酯及水 萃取混合物。經硫酸鈉乾燥有機相並在真空中濃縮。在矽 膠上用己烷及乙酸乙酯作為洗脫液對粗製產物實施層析, 生成 84 mg 2Ή-吡唑并[5’,4,:3,4]-5〇1-雌-1-烯-170-醇。 MS (CI+): m/z=299 (M+l); 1H-NMR (400 MHz,CDC13): δ=7.24 (s,1H); 6.57 (d,1H); 6.20 (d, 1H); 3.71 (t, 1H); 2.45 (m, 1H); 1.05-2.50 (m, 16H); 0.76 (s, 3H) c) 2’H-nt 唑并[3’,4,:3,4]雄-1,3,5(1〇)_三烯_17择_醇
甲醇中之溶液中添加丨.2 g炭載氫氧化鈀(1〇 0/〇)。在密封管 141538.doc •41. 201008570 中將混合物加熱4小時。使混合物冷卻至室溫,經矽藻土 過濾並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠60上用己烷/乙酸乙酯作為 洗脫液對粗製產物實施層析,得到64 mg呈白色固體之 2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-170-醇。 MS (CI+): m/z=297 (M+H)+ ; 'H-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): δ=8.03 (s,1H); 7.39 (d,1只). 7·30 (d,1H); 3.76 (t,1H); 3.15 (m,2H); 2.39 (m, 2H); 2.l6 (m,1H); 2.01 (m,2H); 1.72 (m,1H); 1.20-1.60 (m,7h) 0.81 (s, 3H) 實例2 2’H-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17-酮
向 521 mg 2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4'··3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三埽·17卜醇 (實例1)存於19 ml二氣甲烷及0.7 m卜比啶中之懸浮液中添知 746 mg戴斯-馬丁過碘烷。在室溫下將反應混合物攪拌2 $ 小時。用水稀釋反應混合物並用乙酸乙酯萃取。將合併的 有機萃取物用硫酸鈉乾燥並於真空中濃縮。用二氣甲烧及 己烷研磨粗製產物,得到325 mg呈白色固體之2,η·吡唑并 [3’,4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯·17_ 酮。 MS (CI+): m/z=295 (M+H)+ ; 141538.doc -42- 201008570 !H-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): 6=8.05 (s, 1H); 7.39 (d, 1H); 7.32 (d5 1H); 3.22 (m, 2H); 2.50 (m, 3H); 1.92-2.23 (m, 4H); 1.45-1.80 (m, 5H); 0.94 (s, 3H); 0.88 (t, 1H) 實例3 17α-甲基-2,H-吡唑并[3,,4-:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17P-醇
向 80 mg 2Ή-吡唑并[3’,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17-酮存 於10 ml四氫吱喃中之懸浮液中添加2.7 ml存於四氫吱喃(3 M)中之甲基溴化鎂。將反應混合物攪拌20小時。隨後添加 水並用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物。將合倂的有機萃取物用硫酸 鈉乾燥並於真空中濃縮。在矽膠60上用己烷/乙酸乙酯對 粗製產物實施層析,得到53 mg呈白色固體之17α-曱 基-2Ή-吡唑并[3',4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-170-醇。 MS (CI+): m/z=311 (M+H)+ ; b-NMR (400 MHz,CDC13): δ=8.03 (s, 1H); 7.39 (d,1H); 7.30 (d, 1H); 3.16 (m, 2H); 2.40 (m, 2H); 2.05 (m, 1H); 2.01 (m, 2H); 1.20-1.80 (m, 8H); 1.30 (s, 3H); 0.92 (s, 3H) 實例4 17α-乙炔基-2,H-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17P-醇 141538.doc •43- 201008570
向1·77 g 2Ή-吡唑并 於265 ml四氫呋喃中之懸浮液中添加24〇 ml存於四氫呋〇南 (6.8 M)中之乙炔基溴化鎂。將反應混合物攪拌2〇小時。隨 後添加30 ml水及15 ml飽和氣化銨溶液,並用1 n鹽酸使混 合物之pH變為7並用乙酸乙酯萃取。將合倂的有機萃取物 用硫酸鈉乾燥並於真空中濃縮。用二氣曱烷研磨粗製產物 並實施過滤’之後得到997 mg呈白色固體之ΐ7α_乙炔 基-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯·ΐ7β-醇。在實施 濃縮並用二氣甲烧實施第二次研磨且繼之以過濾、後可自母 液分離出360 mg另一白色固體。 MS (EI+): m/z=320 M+ ; 'H-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): 5=10.0 (bs, 1H); 8.03 (s, 1H); 7.41 (d, 1H); 7.30 (d, 1H); 3.16 (m, 2H); 2.62 (m, 1H); 2.40 (m, 3H); 2.05 (m, 3H); 1.8 (m, 3H); 1.40-1.70 (m, 5H); 0.92 (s, 3H) 實例5 17α·乙烯基·2,Η-吡唑并[3*,4,:3,4】雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯_17?_醇 141538.doc • 44· 201008570
將76 mg無水三氣化鈽及〖.4 ml四氫呋喃之懸浮液回流2 小時°使混合物達成室溫並在室溫下添加〇 2 ml存於四氫 咬喃(1 M)中之乙烯基溴化鎂並將混合物攪拌1小時。隨後 將所得混合物添加至2〇 mg 2Ή- »比唾并[3',4':3,4] 雌-1,3,5(10)-二稀-17-酮存於〇.2 mi四氫0夫喃中之懸浮液 中。將反應混合物攪拌20小時。隨後添加5 ml飽和氣化敍 浴液並用乙酸乙醋萃取混合物。將合倂的有機萃取物用硫 酸鈉乾燥並於真空中濃縮。在矽膠6〇上用己烷/乙酸乙酯 對粗製產物實施層析,得到18 mg呈白色固體之17α_乙烯 基-2Ή-«比唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)·三烯 _ηρ·醇。 MS (ES + ): m/z=322 (M)+ ; 'H-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): 5=8.02 (s, lH); 7.39 (d, 1H); 7.29 (d,1H); 6.15 (d,1H),5.20 (2 x d,2H); 3.15 (m,2H). 2.35 (m, 2H); 2.05 (m,2H),1_95 (m,ih); ι·8〇 (m,ih); 1.25-1.70 (m, 7H); 0.98 (s, 3H) 實例6 17«-乙基-2,H-吡唑并^,,^。,…雌-^^^❶^三烯-”卜醇 141538.doc -45- 201008570
在-60°C之溫度下 同〇·72 ml乙基鐘溶液(1 7 Μ)存於5 ml 四氫呋喃中之溶该+ 饮〒添加100 mg 2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4] 雌 _1,3,5(10)-三烯 ^ 7_ _存於5 ml四氫"夫喃中之懸浮液。使 反應昆口 %升’皿至室溫並將其再授拌小時。⑲後添力口水 並用乙酸乙醋萃取混合物。將合倂的有機萃取物用硫酸納 乾燥並於真空中濃縮。藉由HPLC對粗製產物實施層析, 得到17 mg呈白色固體之17α_乙基_2Ή_吡唑并[3,,4,:3 4] 雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-Ι7β-醇。 *H-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): 5=8.03 (s, 1H); 7.41 (d, 1H); 7.28 (d, 1H); 3.15 (m, 2H); 2.40 (m, 2H); 2.05 (m, 1H); 1.85 (m, 2H); 1.30-1.75 (m, 9H); 1.30 (s, 3H); 1.02 (t,3H); 0.94 (s, 3H) 實例7 17α-烯丙基-2Ή-吡唑并【3’,4,:3,4】雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯_17科-醇
141538.doc -46- 201008570 雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17-酮存於20 mi二氯曱烷中之懸浮液中 添加1.12 ml存於四氫呋喃(丨·7 μ)中之烯丙基溴化鎂。使 反應混合物升溫至室溫並將其攪拌2〇小時。隨後添加水並 用乙酸己醋萃取混合物。將合倂的有機萃取物用硫酸鈉乾 燥並於真空中濃縮。在矽膠60上用己烷/乙酸乙酯對粗製 產物實施層析’得到53 mg呈白色固體之17α-烯丙基-2Ή-口比唑并[3',4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯 _ι7β_醇。 MS (Es+): m/z=336 (M)+ ; ^-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): 6=8.02 (s, 1H); 7.40 (d, 1H); 7.30 (d, 1H); 6.0 (d, 1H); 5.2 (m, 2H); 3.16 (m, 2H); 2.40 (m, 4H); 1.20-2.10 (m, 11H); 0.80 (s, 3H) 實例8 17(*-(丙-1-炔基)-2’11-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌_1,3,5(10)_三烯· 17P-醇
在0°C之溫度下向100 mg 2Ή-吡唑并[3·,4,:3,4] 雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17-綱存於14 ml四氫吱喊中之懸浮液中 添加13.6 ml存於四氫呋喃(〇·5 M)中之丙_1_炔基溴化鎂。 使反應混合物升溫至室溫並將其再攪拌2〇小時。隨後添加 水並用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物。將合倂的有機萃取物用硫酸 141538.doc -47- 201008570 鈉乾燥並於真空中濃縮。在矽膠60上用己烷/乙酸乙酯對 粗製產物實施層析,得到53 mg呈白色固體之17α-(丙-1-炔 基)-2Ή-吡唑并[3’,4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-170-醇。 MS (ES+): m/z=335 (M+H)+ ; *H-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): 6=8.02 (s, 1H); 7.42 (d, 1H); 7.30 (d, 1H); 3.16 (m, 2H); 2.42 (m, 2H); 2.30 (m, 1H); 1.95 (m, 1H); 1.92 (s, 3H); 1.75 (m, 4H); 1.50 (m, 5H); 0.90 (s, 3H) 實例9 17a-三氟甲基-2,H- «Λ 嗅并[3’,4,:3,4】雌 4,3,5(10)-三稀-17p-醇
在回流下將 198 mg 2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌_1,3,5(1())_三 烯-17-酮、960 mg三氟曱基三曱基矽烷及1 mi四丁基氟化 銨(存於THF中之1 Μ溶液)存於5.2 ml四氫呋喃中之溶液攪 拌48小時。將混合物倒入水中並用乙酸乙酯萃取。將合倂 的有機萃取物用硫酸鈉乾燥並於真空中濃縮。藉由層析 [HPLC : Waters 自動純化系統;管柱 xBrigde C18 5 μπι 100x30 mm ;溶劑乙腈/水+ 0.1%甲酸;流速50 mL/min.]對 粗製產物實施純化。 141538.doc -48· 201008570 MS (EI+): m/z=364 M+ ; 'H-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): 6=8.05 (s, lH); 7.39 (dj iH); 7.29 (d, 1H); 3.19 (dd, 1H); 3.11 (dd, 1H); 2.5-2 3 (m 3H); 2.04 (dd,1H); 1.94-1.73 (m,5H); I.7U.44 (m,5H); j 〇 (s, 3H) 實例10 17«-五氟乙基-2,H-吡唑并【3,,4,:3,4】雌·三烯 17β·酵
在-70°C下用22 mL甲基經溴化鋰錯合物(存於二乙醚中 之1.5 Μ溶液)小心地處理500 mg 2’H- °比》坐并[3,4,.3 4] 雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17-酮及8.35£五氟峨乙烧之5111]^丁册溶 液。使溫度保持在-50°C以下。再授拌1小時後,將反應混 合物倒入水中並用乙酸乙酯萃取。將合倂的有機萃取物用 硫酸鈉乾燥並於真空中濃縮。藉由急驟層析[矽膠,洗脫 液:己烷/乙酸乙酯梯度]對粗製產物實施純化。 MS (esi+): m/z=415 (M++l); JH-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): 6=8.03 (s, 1H); 7.38 (d, 1H); 7.28 (d, 1H); 3.25-3.02 (m, 2H); 2.75-2.37 (m, 3H); 2.1-1.93 (m,3H); 1.92-1.76 (m,3H); 1.73-1.41 (m, 4H); l.oi 14I538.doc -49- 201008570 (S,3H) 實例11 3’H-三唑并[4’,5’:3,4]雌-H5G0)·三烯 _17 阑 -1,3,5(10)-三 a) 2·羥基-2·甲基-ΛΓ-[4-硝基_17_側氧基雄 烯-3-基]丙醯胺
在環境溫度下將1 ·6 g氫化納(6〇%存於石壤油中)逐份緩 慢添加至8.0 g 4-硝基-雌_ι,3,5(ι〇)_三烯-17_酮(參見(例 如):Stubenauch,G.; Knuppen,R. in Siero他 1976,第 28 卷’第733-741頁)與69 ml二噁烷之混合物中。攪拌i h 後’添加12.6 g 2-溴-2-甲基-丙醯胺及24.8 g Cs2C03。在 100°C下攪拌24 h後,添加5 ml二甲基甲醯胺及3 g粉狀氫 氧化鈉並在75°C下持續攪拌24 h。冷卻後將反應混合物倒 _ 入水中並用乙酸乙酯萃取3次。合併的有機相用鹽水洗 滌’經無水硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾並在低壓力下蒸發。將粗製 產物溶解於232 ml二甲基甲醯胺中。在添加3.5 g粉狀氫氧 化納後’在5〇。(:下將混合物攪拌過夜。冷卻後將反應混合 物倒入水中並用乙酸乙酯萃取3次。合併的有機相用鹽水 洗務’經無水硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾並在低壓下蒸發,生成 U.4 g粗製2-羥基-2-曱基-Λτ_[4-硝基-I7·側氧基雌- 141538.doc -50- 201008570 1,3,5(10)-三烯-3-基]丙醯胺。 MS (Es+): mlz=AQ\ (M+l); *H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 5 = 9.57 (s (br), 1H); 7 63 (d, 1H); 7.56 (d, 1H); 5.90 (s (br), 1H); 2.80-2.90 (m, iH). 2.64-2.72 (m,1H); 2.39-2.49 (m,2H); 2.26-2.35 (m, 1.92-2.12 (m, 3H); 1.75-1.81 (m, 1H); 1.33-1.64 (m, 1.31 (s, 3H); 1.30 (s, 3H); 0.84 (s, 3H) ’ 1>)3-胺基-4-端基-雄-1,3,5(10)-三稀-17-網
在40 ml濃鹽酸與40 ml二噁烷之混合物中將丨t 4 g板製 2-經基-2-甲基-JV-[4-石肖基-17-側氧基雌·ι,3,5(ι〇)_三稀 基]丙醯胺回流2小時。在冰下冷卻’隨後藉由添加3 2%氫 氧化鈉溶液使反應混合物變為驗性。授拌3 0分鐘後添加 水,之後用乙酸乙酯萃取3次。在經硫酸鈉對合併的有機 相實施乾燥並進行過濾後,蒸發濾液生成7.9 g 3-胺基-4-硝基-雌-1,3,5(10)-三浠-17-酮。 MS (ES+): m/z=315 (M+l); !H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 5=7.19 (d5 1H); 6.70 (d, 1H); 5.71 (s (br), 2H); 2.70-2.87 (m, 1H); 2.26 (m, 1H); 0.80 (s, 3H) -51 - 141538.doc 201008570
c) 3,H
二唑并丨4’,S,:3,4】雌·ι,3,5(10)_ 三烯-17 向1 g 3-胺基_4_硝基雌_135(1〇)三稀·17嗣與⑹乙 酸之混合物中添加〇.13 g炭載纪(1〇%)。在正常壓力下將混 合物氫化6小時。在藉由過濾去除觸媒並用18 乙酸洗滌 濾餅後,將存於5 ml水中之〇·242 g亞硝酸鈉添加至濾液 中。在環境溫度下攪拌過夜後藉由蒸發將反應混合物濃縮 至約20 ml並將其倒入水中。攬拌3〇分鐘後藉由過濾分離 出沉澱物並乾燥,之後得到〇84 g 三β坐并[4',5,:3,4] 雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17-酮。 MS (ES + ): m/z=296 (M+l); !H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, 353Kelvin): 6=15.29 (s (br)); 7.62 (d, 1H); 7.38 (d, 1H); 2.89-3.32 (m, 3H); 1.96-2.18 (m,3H); 1.77-1.87 (m,1H); 144_i 74 (m,6H); 〇 87 (s, 3H) 實例12 3’11-三咬并[4’,5,:3,4]雄-1,3,5(1〇)_三稀_17择_醇
141538.doc -52- 201008570 在0°C下用0.10 mg硼氫化鈉處理存於5 ml甲醇中之〇2 g 3,Η·三唑并[4’,5·:3,4]雌-MJdo)·三烯_17_酮。在環境溫度 下攪拌1 h後將反應混合物倒入水令並乙酸乙酯及二氣曱 炫萃取。在用硫酸納乾燥,過渡並蒸發後,在石夕膠上用二 氣甲烷與甲酵之混合物作為洗脫液對粗製產物實施層析, 生成 82 mg 3Ή-三唑并[4·,5':3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17β-醇。 MS (ES+): m/z=298 (M+l); !H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 6=15.22 (s (br)); 7.61 (d, 1H); 7.38 (d, 1H); 4.19 (s (br)); 3.58 (t, 1H); 2.31-2.44 (m, 2H); 1.60-1.70 (m, 1H); 1.16-1.54 (m, 7H); 0.72 (s, 3H) 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1展示炔雌醇刺激子宮生長(實心圓)及誘導肝基因 CaBP(空心圓)之相對劑量反應。 圖2展示實例1刺激子宮生長(實心圓)及誘導肝基因 CaBP(空心圓)之相對劑量反應。 圖3展示實例4刺激子宮生長(實心圓)及誘導肝基因 CaBP(空心圓)之相對劑量反應。 141538.doc • 53·
Claims (1)
- 201008570 七、申請專利範圍: 1 _ 一種式(I)化合物其中 X 係選自由氮及CRa組成之群,其中 Ra 代表氫、Cw烷基、CpF2p+l基團,ρ;=ι_3, R2 代表氫原子、鹵素原子、烷基或=氟甲 基, R11 係選自氫、鹵素' Cw烷基、C2 3烯基、c2.3 块基及Cw烷氧基, R16 係選自由氫、羥基、鹵素、Cl 3烷基、c2 3 稀基、C2_3炔基及三氟甲基组成之群, R17a及 R17b 代表氫原子、羥基、視情況經取代之C ^ 3烷 基、視情況經取代之C2·3稀基、視情況經取 代之C2·3炔基,其中該等取代基係選自經 基、氟或基團OR,其中尺係Cw烷基,或 R17lR17b 代表鹵素原子、或基團-〇CORb,其中 Rb 代表基團-(CH2)nC〇〇H ’ n=2 或 3 ’ 或 Ci.5^ 基, 141538.doc 201008570 附帶條件為若尺173代表羥基,則R17b代表氫 原子或視情況經取代之(^_3烷基、視情況經 取代之C2·3烯基或基團_〇C〇Rb,其中Rb之 定義係如上文所述’反之亦然,或 R及R17b —起代表氧原子, 及 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7.8. Ώ 18 κ 代表氫原子或曱基; 或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。 如請求項1之化合物,其中選自由氫、視情況經耳 代之C,·3烷基、視情況經取代之C23烯基、及視情況經昂 代之C2_3炔基組成之群,而Rnb係選自由羥基、 氟、-〇C〇Rb組成之群。 如請求項!之化合物’其中R"a係選自由氫、曱基、三靡 曱基、乙烯基及乙炔基組成之群。 如請求項丨之化合物’其中Rl^表㈣或氟原子。 如請求項1之化合物 成之群。 如請求項1之化合物 如請求項1之化合物 如請求項1之化合物 甲基。其中R 6係選自由氳、羥基及氟 其中R18係氫原子。 其中X代表CRa。 其中Ra代表氫原子 氟曱基9.如凊求項丨之化合物,其中Rll代表氫原子 基或甲氧基。 10·如叫求項【之化合物,其中R2代表氫原子 氧原子、經 氧原子或三 141538.doc 201008570 氟曱基。 11.如請求項!之化合物,其中R〗6代表羥基,尺^代表氳原 子’ Rl7b代表氟原子》 12·如請求項1之化合物,其中代表羥基,Rm代表氫原 乙稀基〔炔基、甲基或二氟甲基,r16代表氮或說 原子或經基。 13.如請求項丨至12中任一項之化合物,即 2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌_1,3,5〇〇)_三烯_1垠醇 17α-甲基-2Ή-吼唾并[3,,4,:3,4]雌·⑶⑽·三稀醇 17«-乙基·2Ή_η比唾并[3’,4ι:3,4]雌],3,5⑽三締]?卜醇 17«-丙基_2Ή対并[3ι,4,:34]雌-135叫三稀傳醇 17«-乙烯基-2·Η4 唾并[3,,4,:34]雌_13,5叫_三 17β-醇 —’ 17α_乙块基-2’Η- 〇比唾其丨]I 41 _] ^ !开[3,4 .3,4]雌-usdoy: 17β-醇 ’ W坐并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-l,3,5U〇)-三烯]7, 2-氟-2’H-t坐并[3’,4,:3’4]雜_135(1〇)_三稀導醇 2-氟·17α•甲基_2Ή+坐并⑽从雌…叫 17β·醇 17α-乙基-2 备 2Ή4 唾并[3,,4,:34]雌],35叫 17β-醇 2-氟秦丙基-2Ή-吡唑并⑽从雌十以叫 17β-醇 2-氟秦乙稀基_2·Η,料以叫雌…叫三 141538.doc 201008570 烯-17β-醇 17α-乙炔基-2-氟-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 烯-17β-醇 1 1β-氟-2Ή-吡唑并[3’,4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17β-醇 110-氟-17(1-曱基-2|11-吡唑并[3',4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三 烯-17β-醇 17α-乙基-11 β-氟-2Ή-吡唑并[3’,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三 稀-17β-醇 110-氟-17〇1-丙基-2,士吡唑并[3',4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三 烯-17β-醇 1 1β-氟-17α-乙烯基-2Ή-口比唑并[3’,4’:3,4]雌-l,3,5(10)-三烯-17β-醇 17α-乙炔基-11β-氟-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4’:3,4]雌-l,3,5(10)-三烯-17β-醇 5’-曱基-2Ή-吡唑并[3',4':3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17戸-醇 5,,17-二甲基-2Ή-吡唑并[3’,4’:3,4]雌- l,3,5(10)-三烯-l7β-醇 2-氟-5,,17-二甲基-2,11-吡唑并[3|,4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17β-醇 2-氟-5,-曱基-2Ή-吡唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-l,3,5(10)-三烯-l7β-醇 17〇1-烯丙基-2'11-吡唑并[3',4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-17β-醇 17〇1-(丙-1-炔)-2,11-吡唑并[3’,4’:3,4]雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯- 141538.doc -4- 201008570 17β-醇 Wot-三氟曱基-2Ή-吼唑并[3,,4,:3,4]雌-1,3,5(1〇)_三烯_ 17β-醇 Ua-五氟乙基_2Ή_η比唑并[3,,4,:3 4]雌-l 3 5(i〇)三烯_ 17β-醇 3Ή-三嗤并[仏…⑷雌+^⑼-三烤七-酮 3Ή-三唑并[4,,5,:3 4]雌],3 5(1〇)三烯 _17卜醇。 14. 一種醫藥組合物,其包含至少—種如請求項1至υ中任 一項之通式I化合物及視情況至少一種另外活性成份以及 醫藥上適宜之賦形劑及/或載劑。 15. 如請求項14之醫藥組合物,其中該另外活性成份係 Μ(選擇丨生雌激素(estr〇gen)受體調節劑)或(選擇 性雌激素文體去穩定劑)或孕激素(pr〇gest〇gen)。 A -種製造醫藥組合物之方法’ #包含將如請求们之化 合物與視情況至少一種另外活性成份及醫藥上可接受之 載劑混合。 17. γ種如請求項丨至13中任一項之化合物之用途,其用於 製造治療有需要之個體中雌激素受體介導之病症之藥 劑,其包含向該個體投與治療有效量之如請求項丨之化 合物。 如°月长項17之用途,其中該雌激素受體介導之病症係選 自由下述組成之群:熱潮紅、陰道乾燥、骨質減少、骨 質疏鬆症、兩血脂症、認識功能喪失、退化性腦疾病、 心血管疾病、腦血管疾病、乳房組織癌、乳房組織增 141538.doc 201008570 生、子宮内膜癌、子宮内膜增生、子宮頸癌、子宮頸增 生、前列腺癌、良性前列腺增生、子宮内膜異位症、子 宮肌瘤及骨關節炎。 19. 20. 21. 如請求項17之用途,其中該雌激素受體介導之病症係選 自由骨質疏鬆症、熱潮紅、陰道乾燥、乳癌及子宮内膜 異位症組成之群。 一種如請求項丨至13中任一項之化合物之用途,其用於 製造治療有需要之個體中雌激素受體介導之病症之藥 劑,其包含向該個體投與治療有效量之如請求項Μ之组 裡如請求項1至13中任 141538.doc
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| EP08161108A EP2147924A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 | 2008-07-24 | Estratriene derivatives comprising heterocyclic bioisosteres for the phenolic a-ring |
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| JP7720906B2 (ja) * | 2020-05-15 | 2025-08-08 | シムサー ファーマシューティカル カンパニー リミテッド | ピロリジン化合物及びその使用 |
| DE102022109544A1 (de) | 2022-04-20 | 2023-10-26 | Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg | Elektrische Heizvorrichtung |
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| EP2307439A1 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
| ZA201101445B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
| PE20110402A1 (es) | 2011-06-19 |
| WO2010009828A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
| MX2011000939A (es) | 2011-03-04 |
| MA32477B1 (fr) | 2011-07-03 |
| SV2011003817A (es) | 2011-05-20 |
| AU2009273494A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
| CA2731634A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
| DOP2011000024A (es) | 2011-02-28 |
| EA201100226A1 (ru) | 2011-08-30 |
| US20110190246A1 (en) | 2011-08-04 |
| AR072533A1 (es) | 2010-09-01 |
| UY32005A (es) | 2010-02-26 |
| CR20110045A (es) | 2012-05-28 |
| EP2147924A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 |
| KR20110036739A (ko) | 2011-04-08 |
| JP2011528675A (ja) | 2011-11-24 |
| IL210314A0 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
| ECSP11010780A (es) | 2011-02-28 |
| BRPI0915987A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
| CO6351799A2 (es) | 2011-12-20 |
| CL2011000153A1 (es) | 2011-07-08 |
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