TW200940053A - Polymer paclitaxel conjugates for treating cancer - Google Patents
Polymer paclitaxel conjugates for treating cancer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW200940053A TW200940053A TW098106991A TW98106991A TW200940053A TW 200940053 A TW200940053 A TW 200940053A TW 098106991 A TW098106991 A TW 098106991A TW 98106991 A TW98106991 A TW 98106991A TW 200940053 A TW200940053 A TW 200940053A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- cancer
- pgga
- ptx
- polymer
- paclitaxel
- Prior art date
Links
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229960001592 paclitaxel Drugs 0.000 title claims description 125
- RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N taxol Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@]2(C[C@@H](C(C)=C(C2(C)C)[C@H](C([C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@H]3OC[C@]3([C@H]21)OC(C)=O)=O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N 0.000 title claims description 122
- 229930012538 Paclitaxel Natural products 0.000 title claims description 120
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 64
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 206010058467 Lung neoplasm malignant Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 201000005202 lung cancer Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 208000020816 lung neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 208000008839 Kidney Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 206010038389 Renal cancer Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 208000000277 Splenic Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 201000010982 kidney cancer Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 201000007270 liver cancer Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 208000014018 liver neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 201000002471 spleen cancer Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 polyhexamethylene glutamate glutamic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000015728 Taxus canadensis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000439 tumor marker Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000005228 liver tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000005084 renal tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002491 angiogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 208000000453 Skin Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 201000000849 skin cancer Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 55
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 31
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229940028652 abraxane Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 11
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229960002989 glutamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 9
- 108010020346 Polyglutamic Acid Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 229940041181 antineoplastic drug Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000569 multi-angle light scattering Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 208000002154 non-small cell lung carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 208000029729 tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11 Diseases 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N EtOH Substances CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000001382 Experimental Melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000682 maximum tolerated dose Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036470 plasma concentration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 3
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010012934 Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000699660 Mus musculus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002685 Polyoxyl 35CastorOil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000249 biocompatible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007515 enzymatic degradation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940049906 glutamate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 2
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002216 heart Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011580 nude mouse model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003791 organic solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- QUANRIQJNFHVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxirane;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound C1CO1.OCC(O)CO QUANRIQJNFHVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000008389 polyethoxylated castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004614 tumor growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- QWVUOVZJBNQSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+-)-Tropan-3endo,6exo-diol Natural products C1C(O)CC2C(O)CC1N2C QWVUOVZJBNQSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZFAFGSSMRRTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-dichlorophenyl) benzenesulfonate Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OZFAFGSSMRRTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEOHYDSNGHIXOM-WLDMJGECSA-N (3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyloxane-2,4,5-triol Chemical compound CC1(O)[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO FEOHYDSNGHIXOM-WLDMJGECSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(O)N=NC2=C1 ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGMADIBCHLQMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoethanethiol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCS OGMADIBCHLQMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMTMSDXUXJISAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-benzotriazol-4-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC2=C1N=NN2 JMTMSDXUXJISAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019489 Almond oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000014914 Carrier Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010078791 Carrier Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000034628 Celiac artery compression syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012591 Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000792859 Enema Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124602 FDA-approved drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 240000008620 Fagopyrum esculentum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009419 Fagopyrum esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000001613 Gambling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002148 Gellan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MGHKSHCBDXNTHX-WDSKDSINSA-N Glu-Gln Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O MGHKSHCBDXNTHX-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000012766 Growth delay Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010268 HPLC based assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012981 Hank's balanced salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000008100 Human Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091006905 Human Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001529936 Murinae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010033128 Ovarian cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061535 Ovarian neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002732 Polyanhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001710 Polyorthoester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N R-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012980 RPMI-1640 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000000102 Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000031849 Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001116500 Taxus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001149649 Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFHNDHXQDJQEEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hydrazine Chemical compound NN.CC(O)=O YFHNDHXQDJQEEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008168 almond oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002255 anal canal Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000007564 anal canal squamous cell carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000719 anti-leukaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000063 antileukemic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEMDZKRHHVNHLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon;carbonic acid Chemical compound [Ar].OC(O)=O GEMDZKRHHVNHLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007975 buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003560 cancer drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012754 cardiac puncture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004081 cilia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003759 clinical diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007012 clinical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002648 combination therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011340 continuous therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013267 controlled drug release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940097265 cysteamine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004141 diterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006196 drop Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007920 enema Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095399 enema Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010642 eucalyptus oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940044949 eucalyptus oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010195 expression analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003889 eye drop Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940012356 eye drops Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003885 eye ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004744 fore-foot Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012395 formulation development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- HZHFFEYYPYZMNU-UHFFFAOYSA-K gadodiamide Chemical class [Gd+3].CNC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC(=O)NC HZHFFEYYPYZMNU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960005063 gadodiamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000370 gamma-poly(glutamate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000216 gellan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010492 gellan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001476 gene delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010651 grapefruit oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000000459 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000005260 human cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000026278 immune system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000099 in vitro assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010874 in vitro model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001361 intraarterial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007927 intramuscular injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007913 intrathecal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007914 intraventricular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005567 liquid scintillation counting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N monomethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNN HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940069265 ophthalmic ointment Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002997 ophthalmic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940054534 ophthalmic solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940100654 ophthalmic suspension Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004768 organ dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002905 orthoesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006320 pegylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002706 plastid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001308 poly(aminoacid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001606 poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004633 polyglycolic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029983 protein stabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002027 skeletal muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012439 solid excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RCINICONZNJXQF-XAZOAEDWSA-N taxol® Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@]2(CC(C(C)=C(C2(C)C)[C@H](C([C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@H]3OC[C@]3(C21)OC(C)=O)=O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCINICONZNJXQF-XAZOAEDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LCZVKKUAUWQDPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1CN(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCN(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O LCZVKKUAUWQDPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tfa trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100001274 therapeutic index Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003104 tissue culture media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004441 tyrosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003708 urethra Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
- A61K47/64—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/645—Polycationic or polyanionic oligopeptides, polypeptides or polyamino acids, e.g. polylysine, polyarginine, polyglutamic acid or peptide TAT
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/337—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
200940053 丄 j_uf.doc 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種生物相容的聚合物結合體及使 用其治療癌症的方法’且特別是有關於一種聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯 基-麵酿胺酸)-太平洋紫杉酵((p〇ly-(gamma_L-glutamyl glutamine)-paclitaxel)及使用聚合物結合體治療癌症的方 法。 【先前技術】 #| 各種系統已被用於輸送藥物、生物分子以及造影劑。 舉例而言’所述系統包括膠囊、脂質體、微粒、奈米粒子 以及聚合物。 已表徵且研究多種基於聚g旨(polyester)的生物可降解 系統。就藥物輸送應用之設計以及效能而言,聚乳酸 (Polylactic acid,PLA)、聚乙醇酸(polyglycolic acid)以 及其共聚物聚乳酸-共聚-乙醇酸(polylactic-co-glycolic acid,PLGA)為大部分充分表徵的生物材料中的一些實 ❹ 例。參見 Uhrich, K.E.; Cannizzaro, S.M.; Langer,R.S.及 Shakeshelf,K.M.所發表的 “Polymeric Systems for Controlled Drug Release,,, Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 3181-3198,以及 Panyam J,LabhasetwarV.所發表的 ''Biodegradable nanoparticles for drug and gene delivery to cells and tissue,” Adv· Drug. Deliv. Rev. 2003, 55, 329-47。 又,甲基丙稀酸 2-羥丙醋(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate ’ HPMA)已被廣泛用以產生用於藥物輸送應用之聚合物。亦 200940053 if.doc 已研究以聚原酸酯為主之生物可降解系統。參見Heller,j.; Barr, J.,Ng,S.Y.,Abdellauoi, K.S.及 Gumy,R.戶斤發表白勺 4tPoly(ortho esters): synthesis, characterization, properties and uses.” Adv. Drug Del· Rev· 2002, 54, 1015-1039。亦已研 九聚酸酐糸統。所述聚酸.肝通常為生物相容(bi〇compatible) 且可於活體内降解成相對無毒之化合物,所述相對無毒之 化合物可當作代謝物自體内排除。參見Kumar,N.; Langer, R.S.及 Domb,A.J.所發表的“p〇iyanhydrides: an overview,” Adv. Drug Del. Rev. 2002, 54, 889-91。 亦已將以胺基酸為主之聚合物視為新生物材料的潛力 來源。具有良好生物相容性之聚胺基酸已被研究於輸送低 分子量化合物。且’杻對少數之聚麩胺酸以及共聚物已被 辨識為用於藥物輸送之候選材料。參見B〇urke,^丄.及
Kohn,J.所發表的“p〇iymers derived from the amino acid L-tyrosine: polycarbonates, polyarylates and copolymers with poly(ethylene glycol).,’ Adv. Drug Del. Rev” 2003,55, 447-466。 ’ 所投與之疏水性抗癌藥物、治療性蛋白質以及多肽常 有不良的生物可用性(bi〇-availability)的問題。在一些實例 中’此不良的生物可用性可能歸因於疏水性藥物與水溶液 之兩相溶液之不相容性,及/或所述分子會經由酶促降解而 自企液循環中快速移除。已研發用於增加所投與蛋白質以 及其他小分子試劑之功效之一種技術,需要將所投與試劑 與诸如I乙—醇(“PEG”)分子之聚合物配對,所述聚合物可 200940053 ipif.doc 提供保護以避免活體内酶促降解。所述“聚乙二醇化,,通常 會提高所投與試劑之循環時間且因此提高其生物可用性。 然而’在某些方面,PEG具有缺點。舉例而言,與分 枝聚合物相比’線型聚合物的pEG所能提供的位阻保護 (steric protection)作用相當有限。peg之另一缺點為其通常 在其兩端經受衍生作用(derivatization)。所述衍生作用限制 準備與PEG配對之其他功能分子(例如彼等有助於向特定 U 組織輸送蛋白質或藥物之分子)之數量。 聚麩胺酸(Polyglutamic acid,PGA)為另一用於溶解疏 水性抗癌藥物之所選聚合物。已報導許多與PGA配對之抗 癌藥物。參見Chun Li.所發表的“P〇ly(L-glutamic acid)-anticancer drug conjugates.Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 2002, 54, 695-713。然而’目前仍無任何一者得到美國食品與藥 品管理局(FDA)的核准。 自太平洋紫杉樹(Pacific Yew tree)之樹皮提取之太平 洋紫杉醇(Paclitaxel,PTX)(Wani等人所發表的“Plant 〇 antitumor agents. VI. The isolation and structure of taxol, a novel antileukemic and antitumor agent from Taxus J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 2325-7)為 FDA 核 准之用於治療卵巢癌以及乳癌的藥物。咸信太平洋紫杉醇 也具有不良生物可用性的問題。已嘗試改善太平洋紫杉醇 的生物可用性的方法,包括將太平洋紫杉醇調配在 Cremophor-EL與脫水乙醇之混合物(1:1,v/v)中 (Sparreboom 等人所發表的 “Cremophor EL-mediated
Xdoc 200940053
Alteration of Paclitaxel Distribution in Human Blood: Clinical Pharmacokinetic Implications,” Cancer Research, 1999, 59,1454-1457)。此調配物近來以 Taxol® (Bristol-Myers Squibb)市售。然而,此種方式無法達到有效 藥物程度的藥物輸送且導致高毒性。已證明Taxol™系列 的太平洋紫杉酵對於非小細胞肺癌(non-small-cell lung cancer,NSCLC)具有臨床效果,但其導致包括急性過敏反 應與周邊神經病變等嚴重的副作用。 另一種改善太平洋紫杉醇的生物可用性的方法為藉由 使用高剪切均質化作用(high-shear homogenization)來進行 乳化(Constantinides 等人所發表的 “Formulation Development and Antitumor Activity of a Filter-Sterilizable Emulsion of Paclitaxel,” Pharmaceutical Research 2000, 17, 175-182)。聚合物-太平洋紫杉醇配對已在若干臨床試驗中 取得進展(Ruth Duncan 所發表的 “The Dawning era of polymer therapeutics,s, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2003, 2,347-360)。已將太平洋紫杉醇與人類白蛋白一起調配成 奈米粒子且已將其用於臨床研究中(Damascelli等人所發表 的 “Intraarterial chemotherapy with polyoxyethylated castor oil free paclitaxel, incorporated in albumin nanoparticles (ABI-007): Phase II study of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and anal canal: preliminary evidence of clinical activity.” Cancer, 2001, 92, 2592-602 及 Ibrahim 等人所發表的 “Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of 200940053 JU8Jlpif.doc ABI-007, a Cremophor-free, protein-stabilized, nanoparticle formulation of paclitaxel,’’Clin. Cancer Res. 2002, 8, 1038-44。所述調配物目前以 Abraxane®(American
Pharmaceutical Partners, Inc.)市售。然而,目前的調配物並 未完全讓人滿意,因此一直以來都有對於改善的太平洋紫 杉醇調配物及輸送其方法的需求。 【發明内容】 ❹ 此處所述的聚合物結合體的實施例可以用來治療癌 症。根據本發明之一方面,提供一種治療肺癌(lung cancer)、黑色素瘤(melanoma)、腎臟癌⑻如巧賺⑵十肝癌 (liver cancer)以及脾臟癌(Spleen Cancer)的方法。在一些實施 例中,確認罹患有癌症的人體且將包括聚^了丄-麵胺酿基_ 麩醯胺酸)(PGGA)與太平洋紫杉醇(pTX)的聚合物結合體 (polymer conjugate)投與至人體。 根據本發明之另一方面’提供一種醫藥組合物,包括 聚-(γ-L-楚胺醯基-麵醯胺酸)_太平洋紫杉醇聚合物处人體。 ❹ 聚合物結合體中的PGGA的分子量介在約5〇: 100,000的範圍内’且以聚合物結合體的總重量計,聚人 SI的太平洋紫杉_重量百分比介麵_至約
ϋ圍肉。 V *為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下 舉貫施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如 又特 【實施方式】 所有技術與科學術 除非另外疋義,否則本文中使用之 if.doc 200940053 與域中具有通常知識者通常所理解-樣 =公=卜說明’否則本文中引用之所有專利、? 二在語之多個定義二方 s 否則以本部分中之彼等定義為準。 立包mu情’叫_油於本μ且因此
聚合物。舉例來說,PGGA_PTX為PGGA 聚合物結錯。聚合物(諸如PGGA)可以直細著至 物種(諸如ΡΤΧ)且可以藉由連結基(linking group)附著,。、連 結基可以是相對小的化學部分(諸如酯或醯胺鍵)或較大的 化學4分(諸如燒基醋鍵聯(linkage)或環氧院鍵聯)。 術語“聚合物”以其普通意義用於本文中且因此其包 括Π元聚合物與具有各種分子結構的共聚合物。舉例來說, PeGGA可以是同元聚合物,也就是其中實質上所有的重複 單元都是γ-L-麩胺醢基-麩醯胺酸重複單元,或PGGA也可 以是共聚合物’也就是其中大部分的重複單元是Y_L_麩胺 醯基-麩醯胺酸重複單元(諸如在50莫耳%以上、較佳是在 70莫耳。/❶以上以及更佳是在90莫耳%以上)。PGGA的所 有重複單元中的一些重複單元可以是一種鹽,諸如圖14 至圖15所示的納鹽。因此所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者 應了解斯照於此處的PGGA不僅包括酸形式的PGGA,且 也包括其中一些重複單元為鹽形式的PGGA。 一些實施例提供使用聚合物結合物治療癌症的方 200940053 ipif.doc
法。在一般術語中,這些方法是有關用來確認罹患選自於 由肺癌、黑色素瘤、腎臟癌、肝癌以及脾臟癌所構成之族 群的癌症的人體。可以藉由臨床診斷(諸如涉及已知方法) 來進行此確認(identification)。在較佳實施例中,將能有效 治療癌症的量的包括PGGA與太平洋紫杉醇的聚合物結合 體(此處可以稱為PGGA-PTX)投與至人體。在特定實施例 中’ PGGA-PTX中的PGGA的分子量介在約5〇,〇〇〇至約 〇 100,000的範圍内’且以PGGA-PTX的總重量計, PGGA-PTX中的述太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比介在約2〇% 至約50%的範圍内。舉例來說,在例示的實施例中,pGGA 的分子置為約70,000 ’及/或聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉 醇的重量百分比為約35°/。。 此處所揭露的内容在癌症藥物輸送技術中有顯著的 進步。在一實施例中,技術能狗克服一或多個前述的問題 (諸如提升抗癌藥物的輸送”本發明未受限於操作理論, 但咸信這種技術能夠藉由諸如提升滲透性(permeability)& /或滞留機制(retention mechanisms)等一或多種機制而克服 上述問題。一例示性藥物輸送組成物包括pGGA_pTX,其 中PGGA具有約為70,〇〇〇的分子量,且聚合物結合體中的 太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比為約35%,在此將其以 pgga^-ptX35表示。此處所述的PGGA_PTX組成物可以 藉由將PTX共軛結合至PGGA來製造,諸如經由醋鍵, 諸如圖14與圖15所示。形成PGGA_PTX的其他細節在 美國公開案第2007-0128118號中、標題 200940053 , 為” POLYGLUTAMATE-AMINO ACID CONJUGATES AND METHODS”的文中有記載,其以引用之方式全部併 入,且特別是有敘述此聚合物結合體的目的及其製造與使 用方法。在一些實施例中,PGGA-PTX在水性環境(aqueous environment)中會自動形成奈米粒子。通常可以藉由靜脈注 射的方式投與PGGA-PTX組成物。 罹患癌症的人體可以藉由本領域已知的方法來確 認。舉例來說,罹患特定癌症的人體可以藉由本領域已知 的癌症標示基因(cancer marker gene)的表現型態 © (expression profiling)來確認。可以使用取自肺臟組織、皮 膚組織、腎臟組織、肝臟組織及/或脾臟組織來進行組織專 一癌症標示基因(tissue specific cancer marker genes)的表現 型態。可以根據本領域已知的方法來選擇组織專一癌症標 示基因。此外’或可取代使用表現型態,可以使用所屬技 術領域中具有通常知識者所周知的診斷肺癌、皮膚癌、腎 臟癌、肝癌或脾臟癌的臨床方法與流程來確認罹患癌症的 人體。 〇 可以經由口服途徑或非口服途徑來投與 PGGA-PTX,較佳是經由非口服途徑。舉例來說,在一些 實施例中’藉由注射將PGGA-PTX投與至人體,諸如靜脈 注射。在一些實施例中,將PGGA_PTX局部投與至肺臟、 皮膚、腎臟、肝臟及/或脾臟。 在一些實施例中’是將PGGA-PTX單獨投與至人類患 者。在其他實施例中,PGGA_PTX是以醫藥組合物的形式 10 200940053 jus j 丄 pi£doc ί Ϊ 1其、中醫藥、组合物中PGGA'PTX與至少一醫藥學上適 合:所述至少一醫藥學上適合的成分例如是稀 、、二I 口的載劑及/或賦形劑。舉例來說,醫藥組合物可 以血官注射液體(injectable liquid)的形式提供。 〇 敎患者的PGGA-PTx的治療有效量根據患 者的體癌錢程的期數以及患者所罹患的癌症種類而 不同。若患者已被診斷為罹患肺癌、腎臟癌、肝癌及/或脾 臟癌’則有利地投與劑量在約40mgpTX當量/kg至約550 mg PTX當量/kg的範圍内的pgga_ptx至人體。若患者 已被診斷為罹患黑色素瘤’則有利地投與劑量在約40 mg PTX當量/kg至約345 mg PTX當量/kg的範圍内的 PGGA-PTX至人體。 在一些實施例中,提供包括PGGA-PTX的醫藥組合 物。已發現PGGA-PTX中的PGGA的分子量與PTX的量 會影響輸送特性且因此影響PGGA_PTX的功效。 PGGA-PTX中的PGGA的分子量較佳是介在約5〇,_至 約ιοο,οοο的範圍内,且以PGGA_PTX的總重量計, PGGA-PTX中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比較佳是介在 約20%至約50%的範圍内。在一些實施例中,PGGA的 分子量為約70,000。在其他實施例中,PGGA-PTX中的太 平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比為約35%。在又一實施例中, PGGA的分子量為約70,000,且PGGA-PTX中的太平洋紫 杉醇的重量百分比為約35%。 200940053^ 醫藥組合物 術語“醫藥組合物,,是指此處所揭露的化合物(諸如 PGGA-PTX)與其他化學組份(諸如稀釋劑、賦形劑及/或載 劑)的此合物。醫藥組合物利於將化合物投與至生物體。本 領域已知的將化合物投與至生物體的多種技術包括但不限 制於口服、注射、喷霧、非口服以及局部投與。 術語“載劑”是指利於將化合物結合至細胞或組織中 的化學化合物。舉例來說,因為二甲基亞颯(DMS〇)利於 使許多有機化合物被攝入生物體的細胞中或組織令,因此 其為常用的載劑。 ^ 術語“稀釋劑”是指稀釋於水令之化合⑯,其將溶解所 關注之化合物(例如,PGGA_PTX)以及穩定化合物之生 物學活性(_Ggieally active)形式。溶於緩衝溶液中之鹽在 此項技術中用作稀釋劑…種常用的緩衝溶液為雜鹽緩 衝鹽水’因為其模擬人類錢之料件。因為緩 〇 =下控制溶液之阳值,所以緩衝稀_艮 少改變化合物之生物活性。術語“生理上可接: (physiologically acceptable)”是指不消除化人 = 及特性之細紐糊。 °物之生物活性 在一些實施例中’提供本文所尨母 聚合物配對及/或其包含之試劑)之—之化合物(例如, 構體、水合物、賴合物、同、代職、立體異 受之鹽。 林讀从醫藥學上可接 術語“醫藥學上可接受之鹽,,是扣丁 * s不對所投與之生物體 12 200940053 30¾ J ipif.doc ❹ 〇 引起顯著刺激且不消除化合物之生物活性以及特性的化合 物之鹽。在一些實施例中,鹽為化合物之酸加成鹽。醫^ 鹽(phannaceuticaI salts)可藉由使化合物與諸如氫2酸(例 如鹽酸或氫漠酸)、硫酸、賴、磷酸及其類似物之無機 酸反應來獲得。f藥鹽亦可藉由使化合物與諸如脂族或芳 族缓酸或績酸’例如乙酸、丁二酸、乳酸、頻果酸、、酒石 酸、檸檬酸、抗壞血酸、煙鹼酸、甲烷磺酸、乙烷磺酸、 對甲苯確酸、水魏或萘雜之有機岐應麵得。醫藥 鹽之獲得亦可藉由使化合物無反應㈣紅下的鹽錄 鹽,諸如鈉鹽或鉀鹽之鹼金屬鹽,諸如鈣鹽或鎂鹽=鹼土 金屬鹽,諸如二環己基胺、Ν_甲基办葡糖胺ϋ甲基 甲ΓCrA絲胺、環己胺、三乙醇胺、乙二胺之有機驗 之I,以及帶有諸如精胺酸、離胺酸之胺基酸之鹽,及其 若醫藥調配物之製造需要醫藥賦形劑與呈鹽形式之活 性成^之密切混合⑽咖把福㈣’則較佳是使用非鹼性 之醫藥賦形劑’亦即,酸性或中性賦形劑… 在各種實施例中,本文所揭露之化合物(例如, PGGA PTX)可單獨使用、與本文所揭露之其他化合物組合 使?、或與—或多種在本文所述之治療領域中為活性之其 他樂劑組合使用。 在另-態樣中,現在揭露的是有關—種醫藥組合物, =包含一❹種生理上可接受之表面活性劑、載劑、稀釋 劑、賦形劑、光滑劑、懸浮劑、成膜物質以及塗佈助劑或 13 』· doc 200940053 :组合;以及本文所揭露之化合物(例如,PGGA- PTX)。 ,於”之可接受之_麵_在醫毅術中為熟 J j y^^(^i^)Remington-s Pharmaceutical Sciences, * 18 Mack Publishing Co., Easton, PA (1990) 〇 〇 式入本文。於醫藥組合物中可提供防腐劑、 穩疋:卜米料、甜味劑、芳香劑、調味劑及其類似物。舉 歹,而5 ’可添加苯曱酸鈉、抗壞血酸以及對經基苯甲酸之 醋以作為防腐劑。另外,可使用抗氧化劑及料劑。在各 種實施例中’ _、自旨類、硫酸化職賴及其類似物可 ^乍表面活性劑;蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、殿粉、結晶纖維 素、甘露糖醇、輕無水石夕酸鹽、艇酸鎮、紹酸偏石夕酸鎮、 ^成石夕酸紹、碳酸齊、碳酸氩納、磷酸朗、㈣基纖維 素鈣及其類似物可用作賦形劑;硬脂酸鎂、滑石、硬化油 及其類似物可用作光滑劑;椰子油、撖欖油、芝麻油、花 ^油、大豆可用作懸浮劑或潤滑劑;如諸如纖維素或糖之 碳水化合物之衍生物形式的鄰苯二甲酸乙酸纖維素,或如 聚乙烯之衍生物形式之乙酸甲酯·丙烯酸甲酯共聚物可用 作懸浮劑;且諸如酯鄰苯二甲酸酯及其類似物之 用作懸浮劑。 θ本文所述之PGGA-pTX可單獨投與至人類患者,或者 疋以PGGA-PTX與其他活性成分(如在組合療法中)或適合 的載劑或賦形劑混合之醫藥組合物來投與。用於調配及^ 樂的技術可見於“Remington’s Pharmaceutical Seienees,,
Mack Publishing Co” Easton, PA,第 18 版,1990 中。 ’ 14 200940053 30i531pif.doc 適合的投藥途控例如可包括口服、經直腸、經黏膜、 局部或腸投藥;非經腸輸送,包括肌肉内、皮下、靜脈内、 髓内注射,以及鞘内、直接心室内、腹膜内、鼻内或眼球 内注射。所述化合物(例如PGGA_PTX)亦可為持續或受 控釋放劑型’包括儲槽式注射、滲透泵、丸劑、經皮(包 括電傳送)貼>1及其類似物來投與,以用於預定速率下之 長期及/或定時、脈衝投藥。 ❹ 此處所述之醫藥組合物可以其為人所知之方式製造, 例如’藉助於習知混合、溶解、造粒、糖衣藥丸製造、水 磨、乳化、囊封、俘獲或製錠方法。可以習知方式來調配 醫藥組合物’所述習知方式使用一或多種包含賦形劑及助 細生理上可接文之細,其快形劑及助劑促進將活性 化合物處理成可在醫藥學上使甩之製劑。適當調配物視所 選投藥途徑而定。所屬技術領域中任何已知的技術、載劑 以及賦形劑可在適合的時使用且如此項技術中(例如上文 Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences 中)所瞭解般使用。 血管注射劑(mjectables)可以習知形式被製備為液體 溶液_雜’適錄射教溶㈣於雜巾之懸浮液的 固體形式,或製備為乳液。適合的賦形劑為〈例如)水、 鹽水、右旋糖、甘露糖醇、乳糖、卵磷脂、白蛋白、 ,鈉、半胱胺酸鹽酸鹽及其類似物。另外,若需要,則血 官注射劑醫藥組合物可含有微小量之無毒助劑物質,諸如 濕潤劑、pH緩衝劑及其類似物。生理學上可相容之緩衝液 包括(但不限於)漢克氏溶液(Hanks,s s〇lmi〇n)、林格 15 200940053
Ctoiger’ssolution)或生理鹽水 則可利用吸收增強製劑(例如脂質體)=液。若需要, 適於滲透障壁的滲透劑用於調配物投藥而 =快速注射或連續輸液而用於非經 =如丄 包括呈水溶性形式之活性化合物之水溶液。、^樂=配物 合物之_料錢當㈣料祕 ,溶劑或媒劑包括諸如芝麻油之脂肪; 〇 ::堵如黃豆、葡萄柚或杏仁油,或合成赌肪:以 掛夂乙S旨或甘油三自旨,或脂_。水性注射料液可含有 增加懸浮液之黏度之物質,諸域甲基纖維翻、山梨= 醇或葡聚糖。視需要’懸浮液亦可含有適合的穩定劑及/ 或增加化合物之溶概以允許製備高濃度溶液之試劑。用 於/主射之调配物可以單位劑型(unit d〇sage f〇rm)提供,例 如與所添加防腐劑一起提供於安瓶或多劑量容器中。組合 物可採取諸如於油性或水性媒劑中之懸浮液、溶液或乳液 之形式,且可含有諸如懸浮劑、穩定劑及/或分散劑之調配 劑。或者,活性成分可呈粉劑形式,以在使用前用合適的 媒劑(vehicle),例如無菌、無熱原水(steriie pyrogen_free water)。
對口服投藥而言’化合物易於藉由將活性化合物(例如 PGGA-PTX)與此項技術中熟知之醫藥學上可接受之载劑 組合來調配。所述载劑使本發明之化合物能調配為錠劑、 丸劑、糖衣藥丸、膠囊、液體、凝膠、糖漿、漿液、懸浮 液及其類似物,以用於由欲治療之患者口服攝取。用於D 16 200940053 3U8Jlpif.doc 合藉由將活性化合物與固體賦形劑雜 助劑物’且(若需要)在添加適合的
合的賦形劑尤其為填充劑,諸如糖L :糖:或山梨糖醇;纖維素製劑,諸 :、小 Ο 〇 以r鈐箸則膠、黃著樹膠二纖 ,素、麵丙基曱基纖維素、幾甲基纖 乙 或海藻酸或其鹽,諸如海藻•糠 需要含有阿拉伯樹膠、滑石、聚乙稀対销、聚 =酸凝膠(earb_gel)、聚乙二醇及/或二氧化欽、漆 = lac轉SGlutiGn) ’以及適合的有機溶賴溶劑混合物。 染料或賴可添加至錠俄糖·丸塗射祕識別或表 不活性化合物劑量之不同組合。為所述目的,可使用濃糖 液,其可視需要含有阿拉伯樹膠、滑石、聚乙稀鱗咬鋼、 聚丙烯酸凝膠、聚乙二醇及/或二氧化鈦、漆液’以及適合 的有機溶劑或溶劑混合物。染料或顏料可添加至錠劑或糖 衣藥丸塗層中用於識別或表示活性化合物劑量之不同組 合0 . 可經口使用之醫藥製劑包括由明膠製得之推入配合 (push-fit)膠囊,以及由明膠及諸如甘油或山梨糖醇之增 塑劑製得之軟、密封膠囊。推入配合膠囊可含有呈與諸如 乳糖之填充劑、諸如殿粉之黏合劑及/或諸如滑石或硬脂酸 17 200940053 ^V/OJ x^/if.doc 要穩定劑之混合物的活性成分。在軟 解或懸浮於諸如脂肪油、液體石 + 液體中。另外,可添加穩定劑。 ;仙=〗、調配物應為適於所述投藥之劑量。 對頻内(bural)投藥而言,組合物可採取以習知方式調 配之錠劑或口含劑形式。 3藉由又藥而έ ’根據本發明使用之化合物方便
二以藉推進劑,例如二氯二氟甲烧、三氯氟甲 =、一氯四氟说、—氧化碳或其他適合的氣體,自加壓 包裝或喷㈣提供之氣溶料霧形式來輸送。在加壓氣溶 膠之狀況下,單”藉由提供咖輸送經計量之量來 確定。適麟吸人器或吹人器之(例如)明膠之膠囊及藥 筒可經娜’含純合物_域賊雜之適合的粉劑 主劑之粉末混合物。
本文進一步揭路在醫藥技術中熟知用於包括眼内、鼻 内以及耳内輸送之用途之各種醫齡合物。驗所述^ 之適合的滲透劑通常在此項技術中為已知的。用於眼内輸 送之醫藥組合物包括呈水溶性形式(諸如滴眼劑)或呈結 蘭膠(gellan gum) (Shedden 等人發表於 Clin. Ther, 23(3):440-50 (2001))或水凝膠(Mayer等人發表於 Ophthalmologica,210(2):101-3 (19%))形式之活性化合物 之眼用水溶液;眼用軟膏;眼用懸浮液,諸如微粒、含藥 物小聚合粒子,其懸浮於液體載劑介質中(J〇shi,A.,j. 〇eul 發表於Pharmacol., 10(1):29-45 (1994))、脂質可溶性調配 18 200940053 lpif.doc 物(Aim 等人發表於 Prog· Clin. Bi〇1 Res,312:447-58 (1989))及微球體(M〇rdenti 發表於 T〇xic〇1. Sd, 52(1).101-6 (1999)),以及眼用膜劑(〇clQarinserts)。所 =上述參考文獻均以引用之方式全部併入本文。為達到穩 疋性以及舒適性,所述適合的醫藥調配物最常且較佳調配 為無菌、等滲且經緩衝。用於鼻内輸送之醫藥組合物亦可 包括滴劑及喷霧’其常製備成在許多方碰擬鼻分泌物以 確保維持正常纖毛作用。如Remingt〇n,s pharmace疏& Sciences,第 18 版,Mack PubUshing c〇 ,⑽恤,pA (!卿) (其以引用之方式全部併入本文)中所揭露且為所屬技術領 域中具有ϋ常知識者所熟知,適合的調配物最常較 等滲、經輕微緩衝’以維持5.5至6.5之阳值,且最= 較佳包括^微生物防腐劑以及適當藥物穩定劑。用於耳内 2送之醫藥調配物包括用於耳内局部應狀懸浮液及軟 膏。所述耳用調配物之常用溶劑包括甘油及水。
O ^化5物亦可調配於諸如栓劑或保留灌腸劑之直腸組合 中’其(例如)含有習知;^縣劑,諸如可可脂或其他 甘油i旨。 八 除先刖所述之5周配物外,化合物亦可調配為儲槽式製 f epot卿amiGn)。所述長效継物可藉由植入(例如 f下或肌肉内)或藉由肌肉内注射來投與。因此,章例而 二^«。物可用適合的聚合或疏水性材料來調配(例如, ^ 可接受之油中之乳液)或用離子交換樹脂來調 配’或調配為微溶_生物,例如調配為微溶鹽(_物 19 200940053 ipif.doc soluble salt)。 對疏水化合物而言,、态人 非極性界面活性劑、対載劑可為包含节醇、 劑系統。顧普通共溶機聚合物以及水相之共溶 3%重量/體積重\為7〇共溶劑系統,其為 ¥ I 、 重量/體積之非極性界面活性劑 破壞液。當然,共溶劑系統之比例在不 =其讀性及毋性特徵下可有相當地變化。此外,共溶 ◎
Hi之屬性可變化:舉例而言,可使用其他低毒性非極 ==性劑替代聚山梨醇醋,M (POLYSOR職 甘,聚乙—醇之分率大小可變〖;例如聚乙婦财咬_ t他生物相容性聚合物可㈣聚乙二醇;且其他糖或多 聽可取代右旋糖。 ⑽y者、’可使用疏水性醫藥化合物之其他輸送系統。脂 質體與乳液為疏水性藥物之輸送制或細之熟知實例。 亦可使用諸如二曱亞颯之某些有機溶劑,但通常其代價為 具有較大毒性。另外’化合物可使用持續釋放系統,諸如❹ 以含有治_之_疏水性聚合物之错祕絲輸送。 已建立各種觸釋放材料且其由所屬技術領域巾具有通常 去識者所熟知。持續釋放膠囊(sustajned_reiease capSuies) 可視其化學性質而定,釋放化合物歷時幾小時或幾週至多 達超過100天。視治療劑之化學性質及生物穩定性而定, 可使用用於蛋白質穩定化之其他策略。 欲細胞内投與之藥劑可使用所屬技術領域甲具有通常 20 200940053 30831pif.doc 技術投與。舉例而言,所述藥劑可囊封於脂 水溶液中之所有分子在脂質體形成時併ί 微斤、7 部。脂質體内含物均、__避免外 =以=:,膜融合,所以被有效輸』至 〇 ❹ 所要的/塗佈有她織特異抗H質體將以 者,S標且選擇性地僅被所要的器官吸收。或 甘、、疏水性有機分子可被直接細胞内投與。 一 外,醫可併人醫藥組合物中。或者或另 物組合。、、°可與含S其他治療織診賴之其他組合 投藥方& 者。合物可藉雜城如料投與至患 It j限制性實例尤其包括,⑷經由口服路 或i他所辻Π樂包括以膠囊、錠劑、顆粒、喷霧、糖漿 y他所相Μ投藥;⑻經由非口服投 荜:括Πί縣尿道内、眼内、鼻内或耳内投藥,所述: 衆匕括以水性懸浮液由性制甘 露、於恭丨,* I劑或其類似物或以濟劑、喷 ί投以^膏或其類似物形式她⑷^ 囊二内、靜脈内、肌肉内、皮内、眼眶内、 輸送;㈣藥’或其類似投藥,包括輸液果 或心臟區,例如藉由儲槽式植人注射於腎 投藥、所屬技術領域中具有通常知 性化合物與活組織接觸為適當的。,所認騎於將活 21 200940053 適於投藥之醫藥組合物包括包含有效達到其所欲目的 之量的活性成分(諸如PTX)之組合物。在此所揭露之需要 作為一劑之化合物的治療有效量將視投藥途徑、所治療之 動物(包括人類)類型以及所考慮之特定動物之身體特徵 而^ °劑經調整以劇所要效果,但將視諸如體重、 =食、並行f物之因素以及所屬技術領域t具有通常知 =二其他因素而定。更具體而言’治療有效量意謂此 =化合物能纽肋、減減改知狀症狀或延長所 Θ 工中1。有效量之確定完全在所屬技術領 之詳細==?能力範圍内’尤其根據本文中提供 如將對所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者而言顯 二舌欲投與之適用活體内劑量與特定投藥模式將視年齡、 所治療哺乳動物物種,所用狀化合物以及使用 為達到所要結編需之 〇 ,常知識者使用常規藥二方:=屬=: 準=::=低2量水準開始進行’將劑量; 央捷要縣或者,可用可接受之活體外研究 用刺量理學方法所識別之組合物之適 水準產品之應用是由較高劑量 用。劑量可視所要Γίί 到所要效果或無不良副作 視所要效果與治療應症而定,在廣泛範圍内 22 200940053 3U831pif.d〇c it間通ί 量可在約1G微克/公斤與1GG毫克/公斤體 =者t約100微克/公斤及10毫克/公斤體重: 莫於所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所瞭解,劑 篁可基於且根據患者之體表㈣計算。 解劑 Ο ο 藥組合物之精確娜物、投藥賴以及劑 個別醫与根據患者之病狀選擇。(參見例如,Fingl ;西元,1975 年在“丁he pharmac〇1〇gical Basis ^ 立am_s去中提出的’其在此以引用之方式全部併入本 m考第1章第ih)。通常,投與至患者之組合 體i 可為約G.5亳克/公斤至_毫克/公斤患者 體重。按患者所需,劑量可為單劑或在一或多天之療程内 給予之-系列兩劑或兩劑以上。在對至少一些病狀而言, 3:丨!之人類劑里已建立之情況下,本發明將使用彼等相 同劑置,或在所建立人類劑量的約01%與5〇〇%,更佳 約25%與—250%之間的劑量。在未建立人類劑量時,如對 新發現醫藥組合物之狀況而言,適合的人賴量可自ε〇5〇 值減’或自如藉由動物毒性研究及功效研究所鑑 定的得自活體外或活體内研究之其他適#值推定。 應注意,主治醫師將知道如何且何時由於毒性或器官 功能障礙而終止、相或纏投藥。反之,主治醫師應了 解若臨床反應不足,則將治療健至較高水準(防範毒 性)。在控制所關注之病症中所投與之劑量的大小將隨欲 治療病狀之嚴重㈣及㈣途麵變化。雜之嚴重性(例 如)可藉由標準預後評估方法來評估。另外,劑量與或稱 23 200940053 JUO J i pif.doc 劑量頻率亦將根據個別患者之年齡、體重以及反應而變 化。與上文所討論之方案類似之方案可用於獸醫學中。 儘管精確劑量將在逐個藥物(drug-by-drug)之基礎上 確定’但在大多數狀況下劑量的給予具有一些通則可循。 例如’成年人類患者之每日給藥方案可為在0.1毫克與 2000毫克’較佳在1毫克與5〇〇毫克,例如5至200毫克 之間的各活性成分之口服劑量。在其他實施例中,使用在 0.01毫克與1〇〇毫克,較佳在〇1毫克與6〇毫克,例如1 至40毫克之間的各活性成分之靜脈内、皮下或肌肉内劑 ❹ 量。在投與醫藥學上可接受之鹽之狀況下,可以游離鹼(free base)形式計算劑量。在一些實施例中,組合物每天投與1 至4次。或者,本發明之組合物可以藉由連續靜脈内輸液, 較佳地以每天多至1000毫克的各活性成分之劑量來投 與。如將由所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所瞭解,在某 些情況下,可能必需投與呈超過或甚至遠遠超過上述較佳 劑量範ϋ之4之本文+揭露的化合物,以有效且積極地治 療侵襲性㈣的疾病或感染。在_些實施例中,化合物將 投與歷時連續療法之時期,例如歷時—週或—週以上 歷時數月或數年。 从汉間隔可個別地調整以提供足以維持調節 作用或最付效 M (minimal effeetive _e_icm, MEC)之活性部分之血漿含量。各化合物之應c將不同, 舌體外數據估算。達到廳0所必需之劑量將視個 體特徵以及投藥倾岐。細,HPLC檢定或生物鑑定 24 200940053 30831prf.doc 可用以測定血漿濃度。 劑量間隔亦可使用MEC值來確定。應使用維持血漿 含量高於MEC長達10%-90%之時間,較佳介於 30%-90°/。,且最佳介於5〇%_9〇%之方案來投與組合物。、 在局部投藥或選擇性吸收之狀況下,藥物之有效局部 濃度可能與血漿濃度無關。 所投與之組合物之量可視所治療之受檢者、受檢者之 ❹ 體重、病痛之嚴重程度、投藥方式以及處方醫師之判斷而 定0 可使用已知方法評估本文中揭露之化合物(例如,$ 合物配對及/或其包含之試劑)之功效與毒性。舉例而 特定化合物或共用某些化學部分之化合物子集的毒物 藉由活體外測定對細胞株之毒性而建立,諸如哺乳動物系 胞株且較佳為人類細胞株。所述研究之結果常常可預見^ 動物(諸如哺乳動物或更具體的是人類)中之毒性。或者| Α 可使用已知方法測定特定化合物在諸如小鼠、大鼠、^ 〇 獻動物模型巾之毒性。可制若干公認方法,諸如= 外方法、動物模_人類臨床試驗來建立狀化合 效、。幾乎每-類病狀,包括(但不限於)癌症、心血管j 病以及各種免疫魏障礙,都存在公認之活體外模型。. 似地’可接受之祕模型可Μ建立化學品絲 ^效。、當選擇模型以狀功效時,所屬技術領域 ^知識者可藉崎有技術作為指導以選擇適當模型、、 置以及投藥途徑與方案。當然,人齡床試驗亦可^以消 25 200940053 定化合物在人類中之功效。 〇 若需要’則組合物可存在於包震或分配裝置中,立中 包配(disp雜樣置可含有一或多個含有活性成分 包裝可(例如)包含金屬薄片或塑㈣,諸 如氣泡包裝。包裝或分配打可附有投藥說明書。包裝或 分配器亦可附有與容||相_通告,其為由管理醫藥之製 造、使用或銷㈣政府部Η所規定之形式,所述通告反映 政府部Η對藥物形式用於人峨獸醫學投藥之批准情況。 此通告例如可為由美國食品與藥品管理局(us f⑻d Drug Administration)對處方藥物所批准的標籤或經批准之 產品插頁。包含調配於相容醫藥載劑中之本發明之化合物 的組合物亦可製備、置放於適當容器中且經標記以用於治 療所指示病狀。
依據醫藥組合物的最大耐受劑量(maximum t〇lerated dose,MTD)來調整劑量。舉例來說,可以在無腫瘤與有腫 瘤的裸鼠中評估PGGA-PTX的MTD。PGGA-PTX的治療 功效可以在人類NSCLC(NCI-H460)的移植模型中評估且 與Abraxane®比較。PGGA-PTX的較佳調配物易於在鹽水 (50 mg/ml)中溶解。如下文的實例所示,比較 PGGA70K-PTX35與Abraxane®的個別MTD以及相對應的劑 量程度下’多次注射PGGA70K-PTX35(q7dx2,靜脈注射)的 治療相較於Abraxane®具有較佳的抗腫瘤活性(p== 0.008)。此外,相較於 Abraxane®,PGGA70K-PTX35 引起 136%的腫瘤生長延遲(tumor growth delay,TGD)。這些研 26 200940053 3U831pif.doc 究顯示PGGA-PTX (較佳為PGGA的分子量介在約50,000 至約100,000之間的範圍内且ΡΤΧ的重量百分比介在約 20%至約50%之間的範圍)可以解決其他抗癌藥物輸送系 統所遭遇的毒性問題。此外,PGGA-PTX可以允許在動物 中進行較高劑量藥物的輸送且產生優越的抗癌治療效果。 在以下所示的實例中,將[3H]PGGA70k-[3H]PTX35以靜 脈快速注射的方式投與至具有皮下NCI-H460肺癌移植的 ❹ 小鼠’其中注射劑量為40 mg PTX當量/kg。在340小時 内間隔採取血漿、腫瘤以及主樣器官的採樣。血漿以及切 除的組織中的[3H]-PTX藉由液相閃爍計數定量。使用 WinNonlin軟體之非室體模式咖制)來 評估藥物動力學參數。 圖1與圖2分別為說明比較pGGA7〇K_PTX35與游離太 ^洋紫杉醇(PTX)之血漿與腫瘤研究結果的圖。血漿中的 [3H]PGGA7〇K-PTX35 與[3H]PTX 的 AUClast 分別為 3,454 μ0/ιη1與1卜且Cmax值分別為517 pg/ml與60 pg/ml。因此’在相同的Ρτχ劑量下,使用pGGA7〇K_pTX35 ^使AUClast增加為23.6倍且使cmax增加為8.5倍。 [H]PGGA7〇k-PTX35的平均終半衰期為296小時而[3h]PTX 的,均終半衰期為59.9小時。此外,[3H]PGGA70k-PTX35 與[3h]ptx都會迅速地分钸至易於充滿的組織中 。在腫瘤 組織中 ’ [3H] PGGA7〇K-PTX35 與[3H]PTX 的 AUClast 分別為 2,496 pg-h/ml 與 323 ,g-h/ml,而 Cmax 值分別為 17pg/ml 與8.3pg/ml。因此,在相同的ρτχ劑量下,使用 27 xf.doc 200940053 PGGA70K-PTX35會使踵瘤中的AUClast增加為7 7 Cmax 增加為 2.1 倍。[3H]PGGA7〇K-PTX35 與[3Η]Ρτχ 倍且使 中的終半衰期(terminal half-lives)分別為ι〇7小時與3瘤 時。此外 ’ [3H]PGGA7〇K_PTX34[3H]PTX 的分佈體積丄二; 為 48976 mL/kg 與 23167 mL/kg。表丨與表 2 二結 [3H]PGGA夏-PTX35與[3H]PTX的藥物動力學。
Cmax (ng/ml) AUCiast (ng hr/ml) Tl/2終半衰 期(hr) CL (xnl/h/kg) Vd (ml/kg) [3Η]ΡΤΧ (40 mg/kg PTX) 總ΡΤΧ 60533 146265 60 267 23167 PGGA-[3H]PTX (PTX 40 mg/kg) 總PTX 517084 3454375 296 11.5 48976 PGGA-[3H]PTX/ [3h]ptx 比率 8.5 24 5 0.04 0.2 〇 表2-腫瘤藥物動六聲
Cmax (ng/ml) AUC^t (ng hr/ml) Tl/2終半衰期 (hr) CL (ml/h/kg) Tmax ⑻ [3H]PTX (40 mg/kg PTX) 總PTX 8327 322589 51 123 2 PGGA-[3H]PTX (PTX 40 mg/kg) 總PTX 17538 2496055 107 14.65 4 PGGA-[3H]PTX/ [3h]ptx 比率 2 8 2 0.12 2 ❹ 28 200940053 3U8Jipif.doc 在NCI-H460肺癌移植模型中的抗腫瘤活性與治療指 數的實質增加與PGGA7〇K-PTX35使ρτχ輸送至腫瘤的量 ,加有關。此外,將ptx結合成PGGA7〇k_PTX35聚合物顯 者地延長PTX在血漿與在腫瘤部分的半衰期。此使得輸送 至腫瘤的PTX量可以增加為7.7倍,且此也與藉由腫瘤生 長延遲所測量到的實質上增加的功效有關。 圖3至圖7以及表3提供在多種器官中進行 ❹ PGGA^-PTX35與PTX之藥物累積試驗的結果。 PGGA7〇K-PTX35在肝臟、肺臟、腎臟以及脾臟中相當地穩 定。在投藥48小時後,有顯著的量的PGGA7QK_pTX35保 留在上述器官中。舉例來說’在投藥48小時後,在肝臟中 仍保有約230吨/g的PGGA7〇K-PTX35、在肺臟中為4〇 Mg/g 的PGGA70K-PTX35、在腎臟中為60吨/g的 PGGA70K-PTX35以及在脾臟中為16〇呢/g的 PGGA7〇K-PTX35。相反地’在投藥48小時後,相當少量的 游離PTX保留在上述器官中。在投藥48小時後,在所有 © 的上述器官中的PTX小於2 pg/g。此結果顯示 PGGA7〇k-PTX35相較於游離PTX在肝臟、肺臟、腎臟以及 脾臟中為較有效的抗癌藥物。 29 if.doc 200940053 表3-在不同器官的生物合佑 組織 2小時 4小時 24小時 48小時 144小時 PGGA70K -ΡΤΧ35 金液 371.44±26.3 6 191.49±19.46 0.94±0.21 0.82±0.46 0.13±0.022 腫瘤 16.99±1.51 17.54±1.99 15.66±1.21 13.58±0.93 8.05±0.84 肝臟 122.86士 9.59 154.94±3.89 192.99±21.5 1 230.79±29.3 8 165.78±11.3 8 肺臟 137.91±29.7 2 90.04±17.49 70.62±13.66 42.55±12.09 19.37±4.48 腎臟 119.36±13.6 9 98.63士 13.14 71.32±5.83 56.73±5.16 38.38±4.12 脾臟 102.48±11.4 2 223.28±27.96 160.09±18.6 6 161.01i8.61 96.23±13.24 肌肉 3.8315±0.62 2.49±〇.6〇 1.29±0.26 1.32±0.18 〇.79±0.19 PTX ▲•液 13.38±2.39 1.79±0.47 0.42±0.07 0.37±〇.〇53 0.059±0.023 腫瘤 8.33±0.70 8·13±0·78 2.95±0.20 1.6U0.15 0.31±0.19 肝臟 116.75±11.7 9 66.81±8.70 5.67±2.22 1.29±0.31 〇.92±0.230 肺臟 22.23±6.25 5.42±1.〇6 1.79±0.61 0.25±0.087 0.24±0.16 腎臟 31.03±6.62 16.6±2.63 〇.92±0.098 0.421 土 0.12 〇.22±0.12 脾臟 31.44±4.34 14.47 士 3.27 8.42±3.10 0.45±0.13 0.062±0.10 肌肉 7.86士2.10 2.22±0.39 〇.41±〇.〇94 0.24±0.065 0.086±0.027
圖8與圖9分別為說明在投藥48小時期間内由腎臟 排除以及排除於糞便中的PGGA7〇K-PTX35與游離太平洋紫 杉醇(PTX)的百分比的長條圖。如圖8與圖9所示, PGGA7〇K-PTX35在注射後會被降解且由腎臟排除(尿液)。 在48小時期間内之總尿液排泄量中的PTX為23.5%且 PGGA70K-PTX35 為 13.9%。PGGA70K-PTX35 與 PTX 的投藥 劑量的一部分可以在糞便中回收。在注射3[H]-PTX的小I 中,在一開始的48小時内可以在糞便中偵測到大約72〇/。 的化合物。相較的’在注射[3H]PGGA7〇K-FTX35的小氣中, 30 200940053 30831pif.doc 在相同的48小時期間内只在糞便中偵測到36%的組成 物。此結果顯示’在既定的時間内,相較於ρΤχ,來自 P(3GA70K-PTX35的藥物能夠在體内停留較大的量。這些結 果符合上述的生物分佈結果,且更確定PGga7GK-PTX35相 較於PTX在肝臟、肺臟、腎臟以及脾臟中為較有效的抗癌 藥物。此外,這些結果顯示PGGA皿_ΡΤΧ35可以在循環系 統以及全身系統中被降解。 ❹ 圖 10 比較 pGGA70K-PTX35 與 Abraxane®對於 Β16 黑 色素瘤的抗腫瘤生長活性。相較於用以進行Abraxane⑧投 樂的小鼠’用以進行PGGA7〇K-PTX35投藥的小鼠具有顯著 降低的膜瘤體積。圖11比較PGGA7QK_PTX35與Abraxane® 的骨性且根據所顯示的相同的小鼠的體重下降百分率可以 得知PGGAmk-PTX35與AbraxaneM^小鼠具有相似的毒 性。圖12與圖13顯示在具有肺癌的小鼠中’ PGGAmk-PTX%與Abraxane⑧的抗腫瘤活性與毒性的比較 結果。如圖所示,相較於Abraxane®,PGGA70K-PTX35具 © 有較強的抗腫瘤活性。這些結果顯示相較於Abraxane⑧, pgga7〇k-ptx35為較佳的抗腫瘤藥物^ 實例 提供以下實例用於進一步描述本文所述之實施例之目 的’且不限制本發明之保護範圍。 材料: 具有不同分子量之聚-L-麵胺酸鈉鹽(基於多角度光散 31 200940053^
ipit.QOC
射(multi-angle light scattering,MALS),平均分子量為 41,400 (PGA (97k) )、17,600 (PGA (44k) )、16,000 (PGA (32k))以及 10,900 (PGA (21k))道爾頓); 1,3-二環己基碳化二亞胺(l,3-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, DCC)) : N-(3-二甲基胺基丙基)-Ν’-乙基碳化二亞胺鹽酸鹽 (EDC);羥基苯並三唑(HOBt);吡啶;4-二甲基胺基 吡啶(DMAP) ;N,N,-二曱基甲醯胺(DMF);乙酸釓; 氯仿;以及碳酸氫納自Sigma-Aldrich Chemical公司購得。 使用2 N鹽酸溶液將聚_L-麩胺酸鹽轉化成聚-L-麩胺酸。 三氟乙酸(TFA)自Bioscience購得。Omniscan™ (此雙 胺(Gadodiamide))購自 GE healthcare。 4 NMR自J0ei (4〇〇 MHz)獲得,且粒徑藉由 ZetalPals (Brookhaven Instruments Corporation )量測。在 Biotage裝置中進行微波化學作用。聚合物之分子量藉由 與多角度光散射(MALS )( Wyatt Corporation )偵側器組 合之尺寸排阻層析法(SEC)測定。
SEC-MALS分析條件: HPLC 系統: Agilent 1200
管柱: Shodex SB 806M HQ (Pullulan之排阻限度為2〇 〇〇〇,〇〇〇,粒徑:13微米, 尺寸(mm)内徑x長度;8.0x300) 移動相: lxDPBS或於DPBS中1% LiBr (pH7.0) 流動速率: 1毫升/分鐘 32 200940053 30831pif.doc 來自 Wyatt 之 DAWNHELEOS 來自 Wyatt 之 Optilab rEX 來自 Wyatt 之 ViscoStar 來自 Wyatt 之 ASTRA 5.1.9 u毫克/毫升 1〇〇微升 聚合物之dn/dc值:量測中使用〇 I%。 BSA用作實際樣本運作前之對照。 使用此系統與上述條件(此處,稱為具有MALS偵測 益的Heleos系統),以實驗發現起始聚合物(Sigma_Aldrich 使用其系統與MALS表示聚麩胺酸鈉鹽的平均分子量 為41,400、17,600、16,0〇〇以及10,900道爾頓)的平均分 子量分別為49,000、19,800、19,450以及9,400道爾頓。 〇 • MALS偵側器: DRI偵側器: 在線黏度計: 軟體: 樣本?農度: 注射體積: 聚合物-太平洋紫杉醇結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇含量 是藉由使用 UV/Vis 光譜儀(LambdaBi0 40, PerkinElmer)以 及根據曱醇中已知含量的太平洋紫㈣所產生的標準曲線 來證實(λ = 228 nm)。 mi 根據圖14與圖15中說明的通用流來 PGGA-PTX 〇 水表 首先,根據圖I4中說明的通用流程來製 名 胺醯基-麩醯胺酸)。 u ^ 將聚麩驗g)(聽具# MALS偵測器自 33
200940053fH
Heleos系統測定其平均分子量為19,80〇遒爾頓)、Edc (1.60 g)、HOBt (0.72 g)以及L_麵胺酸二·第三丁酯鹽酸鹽 (H-glu(OtBUH⑽U)-HC1) (1·51 g)混合於 D· (3〇 中。反應混合液在室溫下攪拌15至24小時且接著倒入蒸 餾水溶液(200 mL)中。過濾所形成的白色沉殿物且以水清 洗之。接著冷束乾燥中間聚合物。中間聚合物之結構藉由 1H-NMR以存在1.4卩卩111之〇也11基團之峰來證實。 將中間聚合物用三氟乙酸(TFA)(20 mL)處理5_8小 時。接著藉由旋轉蒸發移除部份溶劑。加水至殘留物且接 ❹ 著使用於逆滲透水(4次換水)中之半膜纖維素(分子量截斷 1〇,〇〇0道爾頓)隔夜透析。透析之後,聚七心楚胺醯基·麵 醯胺酸)在水中在pH 7下為透明的。經凍乾之後獲得呈白 色粉末狀之聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯基·麩醯胺酸)⑴6公克)。聚合 物結構經由1H-NMR以在1.4 ppm之O-tBu基團之峰的消 失來證實。測量聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯基-麩醯胺酸)的平均分子量 且發現其為38,390道爾頓。 接著根據圖15中說明的通用流程來製備PGGA-PTX。 0
於DMF(55 mL)中部分溶解平均分子量為道 爾頓的聚-(γ-L·麩胺醯基-麩醯胺酸)(1.0 g)。分別在混合液 中加入EDC(600 mg)與太平洋紫杉醇(282 mg)。在混合液 中加入作為催化劑的DMAP (300 mg)。在室溫下攪拌反應 混合液1天。藉由TLC確認反應完全。將混合液倒入稀釋 的0.2N的鹽酸溶液(300 mL)中。在10,000 rpm的離心下 收集所形成的沉澱物。接著將殘留物再溶解於〇5 M 34 200940053 30831pif.d〇c
NaHC03的碳酸氫鈉溶液中。聚合物溶液在去離子水中使 甩於逆滲透水(換水4次)中之半膜纖維素(分子量截斷 ΙΟ’ΟΟΟ道爾頓)透析1天。得到澄清溶液且對其進行冷凍乾 燥。得到PGGA-PTX(1.1 g)且經由^HNMR來確認之。由 UV光譜儀決定PGGA_PTX中的太平洋紫杉醇二含臺以 重量與重量比為20%。 ❹實例2 藥物動力學 雌性、nu/nu小鼠經由皮下接種將生長在組織培養液 中的4χ106個人類肺癌NCI-H460細胞接種在每一肩部(帶 肩肉的前腿)與每一髖部(在RPMI1640培養液中的細胞濃 度為4><107細胞/mL、注射體積為〇.1 mi)。在整個族群的 平均腫瘤體積皆達到400-500 mm3時(直徑為9〜10 mm), 每一隻小鼠接受3H-labelled PTX或PGGA-[3H]PTX的單次 靜脈快速注射。[3H]PTX與PGGA-[3H]PTX的劑量皆為40 ❾ mg PTX當量/kg。對於每一種藥物,6隻小鼠的組別在各 個時間點犧牲且收集0.3 ml的金液,其中以心臟穿刺取血 且收集在肝素管中。而後,在小鼠恢復麻醉之前進行犧牲 且採集且冷束每一隻動物的下列組織:4個腫瘤中的每一 個腫瘤、肺臟、肝臟、脾臟、兩個腎臟、骨骼肌以及心臟。 在最終的靜脈快速注射後,在下列的時間點犧牲小鼠:〇 (例如在靜脈注射後馬上犧牲)、0.166、0.5、1、2、4、24、 48、96、144、240以及340小時。每一種藥物共需要72 35 200940053 juo j i pif.doc 隻小鼠(6隻小鼠/每個時間點,12個時間點)。 實例3 癌症研究 PGGA70K-PTX35易溶於鹽水(50 mg/ml)中。在無腫瘤 與有腫瘤的裸鼠(Charles River, MA)中坪估 PGGA7〇K-PTX35的最大耐受劑量,以及在NCI-H460非小 細胞肺癌移植與鼠科B16黑色素瘤模型中評估
pgga^-ptX35 相較於 Abraxane(ABI,CA)的治療功致。 PGGA70K-PTX35對於具有B16黑色素瘤或人類肺癌的無胸 腺小鼠的抗職生長雜與毒性表示於表4與表5以 10至圖13。 園 表4-黑色素瘤 試劑 鹽水
Abraxane® PGGA7〇k-PTX35 數 百 太平洋紫 杉醇當量 (mg/kg) 給藥途徑 計畫
%TGD Ο 無
靜脈注t 靜脈注射 qdx2 qdx2
N/A 36 200940053 30831pif.doc 給藥途徑 計晝 %TGD IV q7dx2 N/A IV q7dx2 IV q7dx2 136 表5-非小細胞肺碑
〇 發明以常知識者應瞭解,在不脫離本 解,本發明之料及各種修改。因此,應明確瞭 圍。 V式料說雖且靴關本料之保護範 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為說明比較游離太平洋紫杉醇(ρτχ)與聚如 胺酿基-楚酿胺酸)-太平洋紫杉醇(分子量,k、聚合物結= 體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比 ^ (PGGA7〇k-PTX35)的血漿研究結果的圖。 、圖2為說明在NCI_460人類肺癌模型中比較游離太平 洋紫杉醇(PTX)與聚_(γ-1麩胺醯基-麩醯胺酸)_太平洋紫和 醇(分子量=70k、聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量^ 分比-35%) (PGGA皿-PTX35)的脸瘤研究結果的圖。 圖3為說明在肝臟組織中比較游離太平洋紫私* (PTX)與聚七丄-麩胺醢基-麵醯胺酸太平洋紫杉醇^ $ 量=70k、聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量百^比 37 200940053
jv/oj ipif.dOC =35%) (PGGA7〇K-PTX35)的藥物累積研究結果的圖。 圖4為說明在肺臟組織中比較游離太平洋紫_醇 (PTX)與聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯基-麩醯胺酸)-太平洋紫杉醇子 量=70k、聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比 =35°/〇) (PGGA7〇K-PTX35)的藥物累積研究結果的圖。 圖5為說明在脾臟組織中比較游離太平洋紫杉醇 (PTX)與聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯基·麩醯胺酸)-太平洋紫杉醇(|子 量=70k、聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比 =35%)(PGGA70K-PTX35)的藥物累積研究結果的圖。 ❹ 圖6為說明在腎臟組織中比較游離太平洋紫杉醇 (PTX)與聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯基·麩醯胺酸)-太平洋紫杉醇(分子 量=70k、聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比 =35%) (PGGA^-PTX35)的藥物累積研究結果的圖。 圖7為說明在肌肉中比較游離太平洋紫杉醇(ρτχ)與 聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯基-麩醯胺酸)_太平洋紫杉醇(分子量=7〇/、' 聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比=35%) (PGGA7〇K-PTX35)的藥物累積研究結果的圖。 圖8為說明在投藥48小時期間内,由腎臟排除的游 ❹ 離太平洋紫杉醇(PTX)與聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯基-麩醯胺酸)_太平 洋紫杉醇(分子量=70k、聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的 重量百分比=35%) (PGGA7〇k-PTX35)的百分比的長條圖。 圖9為說明在投藥48小時期間内,排除於糞便中的 游離太平洋紫杉醇(PTX)與聚麵胺·基-麵醯胺酸)_太 平洋紫杉醇(分子量=70k、聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇 38 200940053 30831pif.doc 的重量百分比-35%) (PGGA7〇K-PTX35)的百分比的長條圖。 圖10為說明在B16黑色素瘤模型中之Abraxane⑧與 Κγ-L-楚fee酿基··麵釀胺酸)-太平洋紫杉醇(分子量=7〇匕' 聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比=35%) (PGGA7〇K-PTX35)的抗腫瘤生長活性的圖。 圖11為說明在B16黑色素瘤模型中之施&蓮⑧與
聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯基·麵醯胺酸太平洋紫杉醇(分子量、 聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比=35%) (PGGA7〇K-PTX35)對於體重下降百分率的影響的圖。 圖12為說明在人類非小細胞肺癌模型中之 Abraxane®與聚七-L_麵胺醯基_麩醯胺酸)_太平洋紫杉醇 (分子量=徽、聚合物結合财的太平洋紫杉_重量^分 比=35%) (PGGA7〇K-PTX35)的抗腫瘤活性的圖。 圖13為說明在人類非小細胞肺癌模型中之 Abmxane®與聚-(γ-L·麩胺醯基-麩醯胺酸)_太平 '洋紫杉醇 (分子量,k、聚合物結合體中的太平洋紫杉醇的重^分 比=35%) (PGGA70K-PTX35)對於體重下降百分率的影響的 圖。 曰 圖」4說明製備聚似邀胺蕴基__胺酸)的反應流 的通用反應流程。 圖15§兒明用以製備j>Gga_ptx 【主要元件符號說明】 益。 39
Claims (1)
- 200940053 3U6^ipif.doc 七、申請專利範圍: 1.一種聚合物結合體的用途,其用以製備治療癌症的 藥物: 其中所述癌症選自由肺癌、黑色素瘤、腎臟癌、肝癌 以及脾臟癌所構成之族群;以及 其中所述聚合物結合體包括聚-(γ-L-麩胺醯基-麩醯胺 酸)(PGGA)與太平洋紫杉醇(PTX); 其中所述PGGA的分子量介在約50,000至約100,000 的範圍内;以及 其中以所述聚合物結合體的總重量計,所述聚合物結 合體中的所述太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比介在約20%至 約50°/〇的範圍内。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之聚合物結合體的用 途’其中所述PGGA的分子量為約70,000。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之聚合物結合體的用 途’其中所述聚合物結合體中的所述太平洋紫杉醇的重量 百分比為約35°/。。 4·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之聚合物結合體的用 途’其中所述聚合物結合體中的所述PGGA的分子量為約 7〇,〇〇〇,且所述聚合物結合體中的所述太平洋紫杉 量百分比為約35%。 - s 途 5.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之聚合物結合 ,其中所述藥物適於注射。 體的用 6·如申請專利範圍第 1項所述L結合體的用 200940053 30831pif.doc 途,其中所述藥物適於局部投與至肺臟、皮膚、腎臟或脾 臟。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之聚合物結合體的用 途’其中所述藥物更包括選自稀釋劑、載劑以及賦形劑之 至少一醫藥學上適合的成分。 8. 如申睛專利範圍第1項所述之聚合物結合體的用 途’其中所述癌症為黑色素瘤’且所述藥物包括在約4〇mg ❹ ΡΤΧ當量Ag至約345mgPTX當量/kg的範圍内的劑量。 9. 如申请專利範圍第1項所述之聚合物結合體的用 途’其中所述癌症為至少一選自由肺癌、腎臟癌、肝癌以 及脾臟癌所構成之族群的癌症,且其中所述藥物包括在約 40 mg PTX當量/kg至約550 mg PTX當量/kg的範圍内的 劑量。 10. 如申凊專利範圍第1項所述之聚合物結合體的用 途,其中所述癌症已藉由經由至少一組織所獲得的癌症標 示基因的表現型態來確認,所述至少一組織選自由肺臟組 〇 織、皮膚組織、腎臟組織、肝臟組織以及脾臟組織所構成 之族群。 11. 一種醫藥組合物,包括聚七_L_麩胺醯基·麩醯胺酸) (PGGA)與太平洋紫杉醇(ρτχ)的聚合物結合體,其中所述 PGGA的分子量介在約50,000至約1〇〇,〇〇0的範圍内,以 及其中以所述聚合物結合體的總重量計,所述聚合物結合 體中的所述太平洋紫杉醇的重量百分比介在約20%至約 50%的範圍内。 41 200940053fH ,其中 ,其為 13. 如申請專職_12項所述 戶斤述PGGA的分子量為約7〇,〇〇〇。 樂組。物 14. 如申請專利範圍第u項所 血管注射賴的形式。 物 15. -種醫藥組合物’包括如申請專利範圍第}項所述 之聚合物結合體與至少一醫藥學上適合的成分,所述至少 ❹ /醫藥學上適合的成分選自賦形劑、载劑以及稀釋劑。 16. 如申請專利範圍第15項所述之醫藥組合物,其為 血管注射液體的形式。 ❹ 42
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US3442308P | 2008-03-06 | 2008-03-06 | |
| US4421408P | 2008-04-11 | 2008-04-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200940053A true TW200940053A (en) | 2009-10-01 |
Family
ID=40810091
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW098106991A TW200940053A (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2009-03-04 | Polymer paclitaxel conjugates for treating cancer |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090226393A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2262537A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2011513412A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20100122510A (zh) |
| CN (2) | CN104096236A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2009222230A1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2716662A1 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX2010009670A (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2010137032A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW200940053A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2009111271A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9393315B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2016-07-19 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Compounds for targeting drug delivery and enhancing siRNA activity |
| DK1969031T3 (da) | 2005-12-05 | 2009-09-14 | Nitto Denko Corp | Polyglutamat-aminosyre-konjugater og fremgangsmåder |
| CA2683590A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-11-20 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Compositions that include a hydrophobic compound and a polyamino acid conjugate |
| US20080279778A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-11-13 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Polyglutamate conjugates and polyglutamate-amino acid conjugates having a plurality of drugs |
| RU2011117935A (ru) * | 2008-10-15 | 2012-11-27 | Нитто Денко Корпорейшн | Способ получения конъюгатов полиглутаматов |
| CN102666566A (zh) * | 2009-12-16 | 2012-09-12 | 日东电工株式会社 | 聚谷氨酸的受控合成 |
| BR112012022337A2 (pt) * | 2010-03-11 | 2016-07-05 | Nitto Denko Corp | composição e respectivos método de preparação e uso de quantidade eficaz |
| CN102964425B (zh) | 2010-05-27 | 2016-02-24 | 深圳信立泰药业股份有限公司 | 多西紫杉醇与胞壁酰二肽简化物的共缀物及抗肿瘤作用 |
| US10196637B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2019-02-05 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Retinoid-lipid drug carrier |
| WO2013124867A1 (en) | 2012-02-21 | 2013-08-29 | Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University | Polymer - polymer or polymer - protein core - shell nano medicine loaded with multiple drug molecules |
| ES2677478T3 (es) * | 2012-04-12 | 2018-08-02 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Conjugados de copolímero |
| JP6262209B2 (ja) | 2012-05-07 | 2018-01-17 | 日東電工株式会社 | リンカーを有するポリマー結合体 |
| WO2014141289A1 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University | Photo - chemo composition on the basis of microcapsules with a core -shell structure |
| WO2014175898A1 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Nitto Denko Corporation | A large scale process for preparing poly (glutamyl-glutamate) conjugates |
| CN104774329B (zh) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-01-25 | 华东师范大学 | 用于抗肿瘤药物递送的酸敏感高分子载体及制备方法和应用 |
| JP6892394B2 (ja) | 2015-06-04 | 2021-06-23 | クリティテック・インコーポレイテッド | ノズルアセンブリおよび使用法 |
| RU2737934C2 (ru) | 2016-04-04 | 2020-12-07 | Крититек, Инк. | Способы лечения солидных опухолей |
| BR112019023948A2 (pt) | 2017-06-09 | 2020-06-09 | Crititech Inc | tratamento de cistos epiteliais por injeção intracística de partículas antineoplásicas |
| WO2018231908A1 (en) | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-20 | Crititech, Inc. | Methods for treating lung disorders |
| BR112020005814A2 (pt) | 2017-10-03 | 2020-09-24 | Crititech, Inc. | administração local de partículas antineoplásicas em combinação com administração sistêmica de agentes imunoterapêuticos para o tratamento de câncer |
| AU2019276718A1 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2020-10-01 | Crititech, Inc. | Methods for isolating tumor-specific immune cells from a subject for adoptive cell therapy and cancer vaccines |
| US20190365699A1 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-05 | Crititech, Inc. | Treatment of Kidney Tumors by Intratumoral Injection of Taxane Particles |
| WO2019231499A1 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-05 | Crititech, Inc. | Use of antineoplastic agents to stimulate the immune system for treatment of cancer |
| WO2020072090A1 (en) * | 2018-10-03 | 2020-04-09 | Crititech, Inc. | Use of antineoplastic agents to stimulate the immune system for production of tertiary lymphoid structures (tls) |
| US20230277490A1 (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2023-09-07 | Cedars-Sinai Medical Center | Glutamine as an anticancer therapy in solid tumors |
| WO2024175055A1 (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2024-08-29 | N1 Life, Inc. | Taxol conjugate compounds, compositions and methods for their use |
Family Cites Families (75)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59186924A (ja) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-10-23 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | ヒト免疫グロブリン結合抗腫瘍剤 |
| DE3463211D1 (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1987-05-21 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Biodegradable polypeptide and its use in the sustained release of medicaments |
| US5385738A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1995-01-31 | Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Company, Ltd. | Sustained-release injection |
| CS254355B1 (en) * | 1985-04-10 | 1988-01-15 | Vladimir Saudek | Soluble and biodegradatable copolymeres activated for bond of biologicaly active substances |
| CH667874A5 (fr) * | 1985-12-19 | 1988-11-15 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Polypeptide synthetique biodegradable et son utilisation pour la preparation de medicaments. |
| US6673347B1 (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 2004-01-06 | Gryphon Therapeutics | Polypeptide and protein derivatives and process for their preparation |
| IN165717B (zh) * | 1986-08-07 | 1989-12-23 | Battelle Memorial Institute | |
| JP2517760B2 (ja) * | 1989-05-11 | 1996-07-24 | 新技術事業団 | 水溶性高分子化医薬製剤 |
| US5580575A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1996-12-03 | Imarx Pharmaceutical Corp. | Therapeutic drug delivery systems |
| US6517824B1 (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 2003-02-11 | University Of Medicine & Denistry Of New Jersey | Polymer compositions comprising antifibrotic agents, and methods of treatment, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of preparation therefor |
| US5219564A (en) * | 1990-07-06 | 1993-06-15 | Enzon, Inc. | Poly(alkylene oxide) amino acid copolymers and drug carriers and charged copolymers based thereon |
| US5372807A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1994-12-13 | University Of Medicine And Dentistry Of New Jersey | Polymers containing antifibrotic agents, compositions containing such polymers, and methods of preparation and use |
| US5660822A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1997-08-26 | University Of Medicine & Dentistry Of N.J. | Polymers containing antifibrotic agents, compositions containing such polymers, and methods of preparation and use |
| US6762188B1 (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 2004-07-13 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Pharmaceutically active benzoquinazoline compounds |
| DE4115789A1 (de) * | 1991-05-10 | 1992-11-12 | Schering Ag | Makrocyclische polymer-komplexbildner, deren komplexe, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und diese enthaltende pharmazeutische mittel |
| US5384333A (en) * | 1992-03-17 | 1995-01-24 | University Of Miami | Biodegradable injectable drug delivery polymer |
| KR940003548U (ko) * | 1992-08-14 | 1994-02-21 | 김형술 | 세탁물 건조기 |
| US5871710A (en) * | 1992-09-04 | 1999-02-16 | The General Hospital Corporation | Graft co-polymer adducts of platinum (II) compounds |
| FR2695563B1 (fr) * | 1992-09-11 | 1994-12-02 | Pasteur Institut | Microparticules portant des antigènes et leur utilisation pour l'induction de réponses humorales ou cellulaires. |
| US5498421A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1996-03-12 | Vivorx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Composition useful for in vivo delivery of biologics and methods employing same |
| US6537579B1 (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 2003-03-25 | American Bioscience, Inc. | Compositions and methods for administration of pharmacologically active compounds |
| US6753006B1 (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 2004-06-22 | American Bioscience, Inc. | Paclitaxel-containing formulations |
| US6096331A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 2000-08-01 | Vivorx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods and compositions useful for administration of chemotherapeutic agents |
| US5439686A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1995-08-08 | Vivorx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods for in vivo delivery of substantially water insoluble pharmacologically active agents and compositions useful therefor |
| US6749868B1 (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 2004-06-15 | American Bioscience, Inc. | Protein stabilized pharmacologically active agents, methods for the preparation thereof and methods for the use thereof |
| US5449720A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1995-09-12 | Biotech Australia Pty Limited | Amplification of the VB12 uptake system using polymers |
| US5548064A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1996-08-20 | Biotech Australia Pty Limited | Vitamin B12 conjugates with EPO, analogues thereof and pharmaceutical compositions |
| GB2282384B8 (en) * | 1993-08-18 | 1997-09-04 | Europ Economic Community | Drug delivery agents incorporating mitomycin |
| US6441026B1 (en) * | 1993-11-08 | 2002-08-27 | Aventis Pharma S.A. | Antitumor compositions containing taxane derivatives |
| US6713045B1 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 2004-03-30 | Research Corporation Technologies, Inc. | Targeted magnetic resonance imaging agents for the detection of physiological processes |
| US5762909A (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 1998-06-09 | General Electric Company | Tumor targeting with polymeric molecules having extended conformation |
| DE19548114C2 (de) * | 1995-12-21 | 2000-04-27 | Deutsches Krebsforsch | Konjugat, umfassend einen Wirkstoff, ein Polypeptid und einen Polyether |
| CN1304058C (zh) * | 1996-03-12 | 2007-03-14 | Pg-Txl有限公司 | 水溶性紫杉醇产品 |
| US6441025B2 (en) * | 1996-03-12 | 2002-08-27 | Pg-Txl Company, L.P. | Water soluble paclitaxel derivatives |
| US6030941A (en) * | 1996-05-01 | 2000-02-29 | Avi Biopharma, Inc. | Polymer composition for delivering substances in living organisms |
| US5929198A (en) * | 1996-07-16 | 1999-07-27 | Nalco Chemical Company | Biodegradable poly (amino acid)s, derivatized amino acid polymers and methods for making same |
| US5900228A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1999-05-04 | California Institute Of Technology | Bifunctional detection agents having a polymer covalently linked to an MRI agent and an optical dye |
| US6251866B1 (en) * | 1997-08-05 | 2001-06-26 | Watson Laboratories, Inc. | Conjugates targeted to the interleukin-2 receptor |
| US6229009B1 (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 2001-05-08 | Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applications Scientifiques (S.C.R.A.S.) | Polycarboxylic based cross-linked copolymers |
| US6528061B1 (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 2003-03-04 | Pasteur Institut | Immunogenic polypeptides that mimic a surface polysaccharide antigen of a pathogenic microorganism, method for obtaining the same, and their use in vaccine compositions |
| JP3390965B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-12 | 2003-03-31 | 理化学研究所 | 糖結合スフィンゴシンを含有するポリマー化合物 |
| US6391336B1 (en) * | 1997-09-22 | 2002-05-21 | Royer Biomedical, Inc. | Inorganic-polymer complexes for the controlled release of compounds including medicinals |
| US20030124143A1 (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2003-07-03 | Armelle Phalipon | Methods for selecting immunogenic polypeptides |
| AU1688099A (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-07-31 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co. Ltd. | Pharmaceutical preparation |
| US6716452B1 (en) * | 2000-08-22 | 2004-04-06 | New River Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Active agent delivery systems and methods for protecting and administering active agents |
| US20040121954A1 (en) * | 1999-04-13 | 2004-06-24 | Xu Wuhan Jingya | Poly(dipeptide) as a drug carrier |
| CN101507820A (zh) * | 1999-10-12 | 2009-08-19 | 细胞治疗公司 | 聚谷氨酸-治疗剂结合物的生产方法 |
| US20030054977A1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2003-03-20 | Cell Therapeutics, Inc. | Manufacture of polyglutamate-therapeutic agent conjugates |
| US6235264B1 (en) * | 1999-12-01 | 2001-05-22 | General Electric Company | Medical imaging method for characterizing tumor angiogenesis using polymeric contrast agents |
| US6685915B2 (en) * | 1999-12-01 | 2004-02-03 | General Electric Company | Extended-linear polymeric contrast agents, and synthesizing methods, for medical imaging |
| GB0002835D0 (en) * | 2000-02-09 | 2000-03-29 | Melvin William T | Drug resistance in cancer |
| CN1429121A (zh) * | 2000-03-17 | 2003-07-09 | 细胞治疗公司 | 聚谷氨酸-喜树碱结合物及其制备方法 |
| US20020077290A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2002-06-20 | Rama Bhatt | Polyglutamic acid-camptothecin conjugates and methods of preparation |
| WO2002026867A2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Dendrimeric support or carrier macromolecule |
| US7070797B2 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2006-07-04 | Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Inc. | Method of treating hematologic tumors and cancers |
| AU2002346296B2 (en) * | 2001-06-20 | 2007-09-13 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Block copolymer reduced in impurity content, polymeric carrier, pharmaceutical preparations in polymeric form and process for the preparation of the same |
| US20040043030A1 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2004-03-04 | Immunomedics, Inc. | Polymeric delivery systems |
| US20030049253A1 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2003-03-13 | Li Frank Q. | Polymeric conjugates for delivery of MHC-recognized epitopes via peptide vaccines |
| US20040047835A1 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-03-11 | Cell Therapeutics, Inc. | Combinatorial drug therapy using polymer drug conjugates |
| FR2844514B1 (fr) * | 2002-09-16 | 2007-10-19 | Neovacs | Produit immunogene stable comprenant des heterocomplexes antigeniques, compositions les contenant et procede de preparation |
| DK1580216T3 (da) * | 2002-10-31 | 2014-08-18 | Nippon Kayaku Kk | Derivater med høj molekylvægt af camptotheciner |
| WO2004108667A2 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-16 | Centocor, Inc. | Formation of novel erythropoietin conjugates using transglutaminase |
| US6855695B2 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2005-02-15 | Vion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Water-soluble SHPs as novel alkylating agents |
| WO2005035003A2 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-04-21 | Dihedron Corporation | Compositions and methods for increasing drug efficiency |
| US20050118718A1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-06-02 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Stabilization and controlled delivery of ionic biopharmaceuticals |
| ES2337904T3 (es) * | 2003-12-10 | 2010-04-30 | Toudai Tlo, Ltd. | Complejo de coordinacion de diaminociclohexano platino (ii) como copolimero de bloques que contiene un segmento poli(acido carboxilico) y agente antitumoral que lo comprende. |
| US20050152842A1 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-14 | Chun Li | Poly (L-glutamic acid) paramagnetic material complex and use as a biodegradable MRI contrast agent |
| US7317070B1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2008-01-08 | Sigma-Aldrich Co. | Process for the preparation of polyamino acids |
| KR20050104152A (ko) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-02 | 최승호 | 경구용 약물의 흡수를 증진하는 약제학적 조성물 |
| TW200616604A (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2006-06-01 | Nicholas Piramal India Ltd | Nitric oxide releasing prodrugs containing bio-cleavable linker |
| DK1969031T3 (da) * | 2005-12-05 | 2009-09-14 | Nitto Denko Corp | Polyglutamat-aminosyre-konjugater og fremgangsmåder |
| US20080051603A1 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-02-28 | Cell Therapeutics, Inc. | Process for the preparation of poly-alpha-glutamic acid and derivatives thereof |
| US20080181852A1 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-07-31 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Multi-functional Drug Carriers |
| US20080279778A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-11-13 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Polyglutamate conjugates and polyglutamate-amino acid conjugates having a plurality of drugs |
| RU2011117935A (ru) * | 2008-10-15 | 2012-11-27 | Нитто Денко Корпорейшн | Способ получения конъюгатов полиглутаматов |
-
2009
- 2009-02-26 JP JP2010549732A patent/JP2011513412A/ja active Pending
- 2009-02-26 MX MX2010009670A patent/MX2010009670A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-02-26 CA CA2716662A patent/CA2716662A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-26 CN CN201410283412.0A patent/CN104096236A/zh active Pending
- 2009-02-26 KR KR1020107022283A patent/KR20100122510A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-02-26 WO PCT/US2009/035335 patent/WO2009111271A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-02-26 CN CN2009801075322A patent/CN102083468A/zh active Pending
- 2009-02-26 EP EP09717479A patent/EP2262537A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-02-26 RU RU2010137032/15A patent/RU2010137032A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-02-26 AU AU2009222230A patent/AU2009222230A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-03-04 US US12/397,545 patent/US20090226393A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-03-04 TW TW098106991A patent/TW200940053A/zh unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2262537A1 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
| AU2009222230A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
| CA2716662A1 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
| WO2009111271A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
| KR20100122510A (ko) | 2010-11-22 |
| RU2010137032A (ru) | 2012-04-20 |
| JP2011513412A (ja) | 2011-04-28 |
| CN102083468A (zh) | 2011-06-01 |
| CN104096236A (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
| US20090226393A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
| MX2010009670A (es) | 2010-09-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TW200940053A (en) | Polymer paclitaxel conjugates for treating cancer | |
| Hong et al. | Lung cancer therapy using doxorubicin and curcumin combination: Targeted prodrug based, pH sensitive nanomedicine | |
| Liu et al. | Lactoferrin-modified PEG-co-PCL nanoparticles for enhanced brain delivery of NAP peptide following intranasal administration | |
| Shi et al. | RGD peptide-decorated micelles assembled from polymer–paclitaxel conjugates towards gastric cancer therapy | |
| Yin et al. | Intracellular delivery and antitumor effects of a redox-responsive polymeric paclitaxel conjugate based on hyaluronic acid | |
| Saad et al. | Receptor targeted polymers, dendrimers, liposomes: which nanocarrier is the most efficient for tumor-specific treatment and imaging? | |
| Garanger et al. | Tumor targeting with RGD peptide ligands-design of new molecular conjugates for imaging and therapy of cancers | |
| Cho et al. | In vivo tumor targeting and radionuclide imaging with self-assembled nanoparticles: mechanisms, key factors, and their implications | |
| JP5237821B2 (ja) | ポリグルタミン酸−アミノ酸結合体および方法 | |
| TW200900083A (en) | Polyglutamate conjugates and polyglutamate-amino acid conjugates having a plurality of drugs | |
| Yang et al. | A positron emission tomography image-guidable unimolecular micelle nanoplatform for cancer theranostic applications | |
| TW200838562A (en) | Multi-functional drug carriers | |
| Li et al. | Poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)–doxorubicin conjugate-based dual endosomal pH-sensitive micelles with enhanced antitumor efficacy | |
| Yang et al. | Targeted delivery of a combination therapy consisting of combretastatin A4 and low-dose doxorubicin against tumor neovasculature | |
| TW201004646A (en) | Drug carriers | |
| Sun et al. | A multi-functional polymeric carrier for simultaneous positron emission tomography imaging and combination therapy | |
| JP2010526159A (ja) | 多機能性ポリグルタミン酸塩薬物担体 | |
| TW200906440A (en) | Polymers conjugated with platinum drugs | |
| TW201132357A (en) | Carbohydrate-polyamino acid-drug conjugates | |
| US8329199B2 (en) | Compositions that include a hydrophobic compound and a polyamino acid conjugate | |
| Zhang et al. | Tumor-targeting micelles based on linear–dendritic PEG–PTX8 conjugate for triple negative breast cancer therapy | |
| Hegde et al. | An update on design and pharmacology of dendritic poly (l-lysine) | |
| TW201231067A (en) | End-capped polymers and methods of making the same, pharmaceutical compositions and uses of an effective amount of the end-capped polymers | |
| Wang et al. | PEG-amino acid-przewaquinone a conjugations: Synthesis, physicochemical properties and protective effect in a rat model of brain ischemia-reperfusion | |
| Hunt | Precision targeting of intraperitoneal tumors with peptideguided nanocarriers |