TW200820895A - Method and system for cultivating plant - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a system whereby a safe and highly nutritious vegetable can be produced at a low cost. A plant cultivation system wherein a plant is grown on a porous hydrophilic film with the use of a means of supplying water or a nutrient solution to the film from the bottom side of the film without providing a water tank containing water or a nutrient solution. As the means of supplying water or a nutrient solution from the bottom side of the film, a water-absorbent material being in contact with the porous hydrophilic film is provided between the porous hydrophilic film and a water-impermeable material. By providing the water-impermeable material, the water-absorbent material, an irrigation tube and the porous hydrophilic film directly on the soil in this order, it becomes possible to establish a system whereby a safe and highly nutritious vegetable can be produced at a low cost.

Description

200820895 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a plant cutting system and a plant cultivation method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a plant cultivation system and a cultivation method which enable the cultivation of a liquid or a nutrient solution (hereinafter referred to as "a nutrient solution or the like"). [Prior Art] Previously, various plants have been cultivated in the open air or in the facility by utilizing the natural benefits such as the sun, the soil, and the rain. Even in open-air cultivation or in-plant cultivation (ie, soil cultivation), the soil is continuously and closely connected to the ground from the surface. Therefore, in such an open air or even facility cultivation, there are the following disadvantages. (1) In the case of continuous cropping, soil disinfection or guest soil is required (Dalui > replacement of dyeable soil). Due to the total ban on the use of methyl bromide, it is difficult to disinfect soil by representative fumigation. There is almost no possibility that the customer will be cost and physical. Lu (2) The previous fertilization method (a large amount of base fertilizer + top dressing) runs counter to the principle of "fertilizer and production in the plant when growing up (I grow more by growing), and wastes more in fertilization" leading to accumulation of salt in the soil. So wasteful fertilization It is also the cause of groundwater pollution. (3) The current method of performing large-scale irrigation every few days has a tendency to become too much water immediately after irrigation, and then tends to become dry and dry before irrigation, so it is difficult to Plants carry out water stress control (even to achieve high quality). In this regard, in recent years, in the cultivation of liquid-soil cultivation, plant growth can be combined, 122987.doc 200820895 When necessary, the fertilizer content of the plant is applied as needed. For example, a dropper is placed in the soil, and the fertilizer and water content in the soil are measured immediately. The surface is self-supplying. (4) Preparing the plant (4) J lips containing nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and unloading elements, and other trace elements. It is supplied to the plants in a balanced manner. The constituent elements of the nutrient-cultivation soil cultivation are as follows: 1) No base fertilizer is applied (in which, the application is based on the surname of the chick) - improved physicochemical or microbiological Rang of soil organic matter or material a soil). 2) Irrigation and fertilization daily. 3) Proper irrigation and fertilization based on nutrient moisture determination. 4) Use a fertilizer that is composed of ingredients that are suitable for the nutrient absorption ratio of the plant and does not contain unnecessary sub-ingredients. 5) Accurately mix the liquid fertilizer components and use a liquid fertilizer feeder that can easily change the mixing ratio. 6) Prepare a flow meter to grasp the amount of fertigation. 7) Use an irrigation pipe (dropper, etc.) that can evenly irrigate the entire depression. In the case of liquid culture cultivation, the growth disturbance caused by the accumulation of salt in the soil surface layer is improved as compared with the soil cultivation, because the amount of fertilizer applied and the amount of irrigation are reduced. There is also the advantage that groundwater pollution due to excessive fertilization is reduced. However, it is impossible to solve the continuous cropping obstacle caused by the direct contact of the plant roots with the earth or the pollution of agricultural products caused by residual pesticides. (Non-Patent Document 1) "Theory and Practice of Nutrient Cultivation" Pages 2~18" Editor: Aoki Hiroshi, Meijin Kenji, Ono Shinichi, Publisher: Cheng Wentang Xinguangshe, published in June 2001, 122987 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a plant cultivation system and a cultivation method which can eliminate the above disadvantages of the prior art. As a result of intensive research by the inventors of the present invention, it has been found that a film (e.g., a polymer film) can be substantially integrated with the root of the plant. As a result of further intensive studies by the inventors of the present invention, it has been found that a plant root substantially neutralized with a nonporous hydrophilic film can absorb the nutrient solution in contact with the film to the extent necessary for plant growth via the film. Fertilizer ingredients and water. Further, it has been found that since the root portion is integrated with the film, it is necessary to absorb water and fertilizer components through the thin film, so that a large amount of root hair can be generated, and water, fertilizer components, and air located near the root portion can be effectively absorbed. As a result of intensive studies by the inventors of the present invention, it has been found that the __ surface allows the film to contact the plant's surface to supply a nutrient solution or the like from the lower surface side of the film, so that the above phenomenon can be effectively utilized. The cultivation system of the present invention is based on the above findings, and more specifically, it comprises at least a film, and a supply mechanism for supplying water or a nutrient solution from the lower surface side of the film to the film. And cultivating the plants on the above film. According to the cultivation (10) of the present invention having the above-described configuration, since the nutrient solution or the like can be supplied by using the above-mentioned film < Qianjia (4) dragon, it is possible to eliminate one or more of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. Based on the above findings, the inventors found that: in the water or nutrient solution in the liquid tank, a non-porous hydrophilic film which can be substantially integrated with the root of the plant body is disposed. In the system, in addition to the functional division of the "oxygen 122987.doc 200820895, supply" and "water supply" of the root, the "nutrient supply" and the "pure water supply" can be further divided. The apparatus for plant cultivation according to the present invention is based on the above findings, and is more detailed and characterized in that it has a plant body capable of cultivating cultivation, and the apparatus includes at least a reservoir for containing water or a nutrient solution. a liquid tank, a non-porous hydrophilic film that can be disposed on the water or the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank, a mechanism for supplying water or a nutrient solution from above the film; and, the above *, the eve of the eve A non-porous hydrophilic film that is substantially integrated with the roots of plants. The present invention includes, for example, the following aspects. (1st aspect), [4 1 plant cultivation system, at least, for containing water or <, X-slot 4 nano-plant cultivation support, and being movable independently of the said water tank The tray set on the water or the nutrient solution is sprayed or dripped from the water or the nut, the lip, and the tray at night.

6 water or nourishment mechanism. [2] The plant cultivation system according to [1], wherein the mechanism for supplying water or nutrient from above the tray is a pipette arranged in parallel with the moving direction of the tray. * Plant culture system of 4-1] or [4-2], in which a layered separator is placed on at least the bottom surface of the tray so that the tray can be used for plant cultivation above the water solution of the water Support the body and prevent the roots of the plant from flowing through the water or nutrient solution in the sink. ["] A plant cultivation system called "'.", wherein an evaporation suppressing member is disposed on the above-mentioned plant cut 122987.doc 200820895 - a support for culture. [4_5] The plant cultivation system according to [4_4], wherein a slit is applied to the evaporation suppressing member in parallel with the drip tube. [[Heart 6] The plant cultivation system of [4-1] to [4-5], wherein the above-mentioned layered separator is a nonporous hydrophilic film. [4-7] The plant cultivation system according to [4-6], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is after the water is brought into contact with the salt water via the film, and the fourth day (96 hours) after the start of the measurement A film having a difference in electrical conductivity (ec) of water/saline of 4 5 ds/m or less. [4-8] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [4-6] or [4_7], wherein the upper-peripheral hydrophilic film is after the water is brought into contact with the glucose solution via the film, A film having a difference of a concentration of water/glucose solution (Brix%) of 3 曰 (72 hours) from the start of the measurement of 4 or less. [4-9] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [4-6] to [4_8], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is attached to the plant body on the film 35 days after the start of the heart # The root of the plant body shows a film having a peel strength of i〇g or more. [4] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [4-6] to [4], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film has a water-repellent property of water enthalpy of 1 〇 cm or more. [4-11] A method for cultivating a plant, characterized in that a plant cultivation system according to any one of [4_1] to [4-10] is used, which is dripped from a tray provided on a water or a nutrient solution in a water tank. Supply water or nutrient solution. [4-12] A plant cultivation method such as [4_U], which comprises the steps of moving the tray to another water tank in which the composition of the water or the nutrient solution is different (the second aspect) [7-1] - A plant cultivation system or a water tank for a nutrient solution, and a water-absorbing material for supplying the water or nutrient solution to the thin non-porous hydrophilic film film of the plant of [7-2] [7-1]. The system is characterized in that a mechanism for accommodating water from the surface film of the lower surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film is not provided, and the plant is cultivated on the film. . System 'a mechanism in which water or nutrient solution is supplied, including contact with non-porous hydrophilicity

=] The plant cultivation system of [7-1], wherein the water or nutrient solution is supplied to the non-porous hydrophilic film, and the water-impermeable material is contained. [The plant cultivation system of [7_3], wherein a water-absorbent material is disposed between the non-porous hydrophilic film and the water-impermeable material. [7-5] The plant-implanting system of [7.3], wherein the above-mentioned water-impermeable material is placed on the earth soil in a grounded manner. [7] The plant cultivation system according to the above [7], wherein the non-porous aqueous film is in contact with the salt water via the film, and the fourth time (96 hours) from the start of the measurement. A film having a difference in electrical conductivity (EC) of water/saline of 4 5 ds/m or less. [7-7] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [7] to [7-6] wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is after being in contact with the grapevine solution via the ruthenium film, A film having a difference in concentration (Brix%) of water/glucose solution from the third day (72 hours) from the start of the measurement to 4 or less. [7-8] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [7] to [7-7], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is placed on the film to start cultivation. I22987.doc 11 200820895 3 5曰A film showing a peel strength of 1 〇g or more with respect to the root of the above plant body. [7-9] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [7] to [7-8] wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film has water impermeability of water pressure of 1 〇 cm or more. [7_1] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [7] to [7_9], wherein a growth stage of the plant capable of being cultivated is between the water-impermeable material and the non-porous hydrophilic film. Supply a minimum amount of water or nutrient solution. [7] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [7] to [7-10] wherein a plant cultivation support is disposed between the plant body and the nonporous hydrophilic film. [7] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [7] to [7], wherein a covering material is disposed between the plant body and the nonporous hydrophilic film. ' ^ [7-13] For example, the plant cultivation system of any of [7-1]~[7-12], Lizhonggenlu according to the growth stage of the cultivated plant' also from the above nonporous hydrophilic film Supply water or nutrient solution above it. (3rd aspect) [5-1] - a plant cultivation system, wherein (4) the water tank or the liquid water tank is provided, and the water or the nutrient solution is supplied from the water tank to the bottom surface of the film for transport. Plant on a thin raft. _ [5-2] If the plant of [5_1] is planted, the above-mentioned film of the towel is continuously supplied to the water tank, and the smuggling, heart ▲, sowing or planting stage is started to be transferred until it is harvested. [5-3] The plant cultivation system according to [5-1] or [5-2], wherein the plant cultivation support is disposed on the thin gland. [5-4] The plant cultivation system according to [5-1Η5-3], wherein the evaporation inhibiting member is disposed on the support for the above-mentioned planting. [5-5] A plant cultivation system according to [5-1Η5-4], wherein water or a nutrient solution is irrigated from the upper portion to the plant cultivation support by an irrigation mechanism. [5-6] The plant cultivation system according to [5-1] to [5-5], wherein the film is a porous hydrophilic film. [5-7] The plant cultivation system according to [5.6], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is after the water is brought into contact with the salt water via the film, and the fourth day (96 hours) after the start of the sputum A film having a difference in electrical conductivity (EC) of water/saline of 4 5 ds/m or less. [5] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [5-6], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is after the water is brought into contact with the glucose solution via the film, A film having a difference in concentration (Brix%) of water/glucose solution on the third day (72 hours) after the start of the measurement was 4 or less. [5] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [5 6] to [5_8], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic thin sputum is attached to the plant body after the plant body is placed on the film, and the root portion of the plant body is relatively A film exhibiting a peel strength of 1 〇 g or more. Impermeable to water having a water pressure resistance of 1 〇cm or more [5-10], such as the non-porous hydrophilic film-like 0 item of the plant cultivation system of any of [5-6] to [5-9], wherein [5_Π The plant cultivation method is characterized in that it uses a film such as [5-122987.doc •13-200820895 Π~[5, the plant-cultivation system of the medium-term, in the water or nutrient solution conveyed in the water tank] Cultivation is carried out. [5.12] The method of plant cultivation according to [5_11], which comprises (4) moving the film to another water tank having a composition different from water or nutrient solution. (Fourth aspect) [3-1] A plant cultivation method comprising at least a nonporous hydrophilic film disposed on soil containing water, and cultivating the plant on the film. [3-2] The method for planting a plant according to [3], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is water which is on the fourth day (96 hours) after the start of the measurement after the water is brought into contact with the salt water via the (iv) film. / The film of the difference in electrical conductivity (EC) of brine is 4 5 a·. [3-3] The plant cultivation method according to [3] or [3-2], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film in the crucible is after the water is brought into contact with the glucose solution via the film, after the start of the measurement A film having a difference in water/glucose solution concentration (Brix%) of 3 days (72 hours) of 4 or less. [3-4] The method for plant cultivation according to any one of [3] to [3_3], wherein the above-mentioned "," pore-generated hydrophilic film is used to arrange a plant body on the film to start cultivation. A plant cultivation method according to any one of [3-1] to [3-4], wherein the non-porous hydrophilicity is the same as the above-mentioned plant body. [3-6] The plant cultivation method according to [3-1] to [3-5], wherein the plant cultivation support is arranged between the plant body and the film. 122987.doc -14- 200820895 [3-7] A plant cultivation method such as [3·! [3_6], wherein a covering material is disposed between the above-mentioned plant and film. [3-8] as [3- 1] ~ [3-7] Any of the antagonistic plant cultivation methods, wherein the root can be used for the growth stage of the cultivated plant, and the sputum is irrigated by the soil under the film. Ding [3-9], such as any one of [3-1] to [3_8], wherein the planting method is based on the growth stage of the plant which can be cultivated, and is also irrigated from above the film.

(5th aspect) (4) a seeding system for cultivating a plant body on a film for containing water or a nutrient solution, and for feeding the water or nutrient solution to the bottom surface of the film from the water. A gap having a gas layer is placed between the plant cultivation holder on the surface or the film and the evaporation suppressing member disposed above the film. [6-2] The plant cultivation system according to (4), wherein the water or the nutrient solution is irrigated to the plant cultivation support body by the irrigation mechanism φ from the upper portion. [6 3] In the plant cultivation system of [6 1] or [6·2], the above film is a nonporous hydrophilic film. [6-4] The plant cultivation system according to [6-3], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is after the water is brought into contact with the salt water via the thin mold, and the fourth day (96 hours) after the start of the measurement. The difference in electrical conductivity (EC) of water/saline is 4 5 a. or less. [6-5] The plant-culture system of [6-3] or [6_4], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film system is used to make water contact with a glucose solution via the film 122987.doc -15- 200820895 Thereafter, the difference between the concentration of the water/glucose solution (Brix%) on the third day (72 hours) from the start of the measurement was 4 or less. [6-6] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [6-3], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is disposed on a plant body and is started to be cultivated. After 5 days, a film having a peel strength of 丨〇g or more was displayed with respect to the root portion of the plant body. [6-7] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [6-3] to [6-6] wherein the nonporous hydrophilic film has water impermeability of water pressure of i 〇 cm or more. [6-8] The plant cultivation system according to any one of [6] to [6-7], wherein at least - comprises: a floating member that can float on water or a nutrient solution that can be accommodated in the water tank And a non-porous hydrophilic film disposed on the floating member. [6-9] A plant cultivation system, wherein at least one of the non-porous hydrophilic membranes disposed on the water or the nutrient solution in the water tank is used as the plant cultivation system The above plant body is cultivated. ^ (In the aspect of the cultivation apparatus) [2-Π-plant cultivation apparatus, characterized in that it has a shape capable of accommodating a plant body capable of cultivation, and the container contains at least: for containing water or raising a liquid storage tank, a film that can be disposed on the water or the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank, a mechanism for supplying water or a nutrient solution from above the film, and the portion of the film to the root of the plant can be associated with the root of the plant body Substantially-formed, non-porous hydrophilic film. [Pictures for plant cultivation] The non-porous hydrophilicity of the towel is 122987.doc • 16 · 200820895 The film is placed on the fourth day after the start of the measurement after the water is brought into contact with the salt water through the film. The difference in electrical conductivity (EC) of water/saline is ο仏/wei's film. [2-3] The apparatus for plant cultivation according to [2-1] or [2-2], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is formed by self-testing after the water is brought into contact with the glucose solution via the film. The film of the difference in the concentration of water/glucose solution (Brix%) on the third day (72 hours) was 4 or less. [2] The apparatus for plant cultivation according to any one of [2_1] to [2. 3], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is disposed on the inside of the film (facing with water) On the opposite side of the face, 35 days after the start of cultivation, a film having a peel strength of 5 g or more at the root of the plant body was obtained. [2] The apparatus for plant cultivation according to any one of [2] to [2], wherein the non-porous hydrophilic thin 臈 has a water-repellency with a water pressure resistance of 1 〇 cm or more. [2] The apparatus for plant cultivation of any one of [U] to [2_5], wherein the nutrient solution and the non-porous hydrophilic film are disposed between the above-mentioned nutrient solution and the non-porous hydrophilic film. A floating member that floats on the water or nutrient solution in the tank. ,=7]-plant cultivation method, characterized in that a film containing at least a liquid storage tank for containing water or a nutrient solution, water or a nutrient solution configurable in the liquid storage tank, and a film are used a mechanism for supplying water or a nutrient solution in the upper part, and at least a part of the film is a plant cultivation device which is a non-porous hydrophilic film which can be substantially integrated with the root of the plant body, and the plant body is placed in the device. Further, the surface is contacted with water or a nutrient solution through at least the above-mentioned film, and the above plant body is cultivated on a surface of 122987.doc -17-200820895. Among them, a plant holding support is disposed between the above plant body and the plant cultivation method of the film [2-8] [2-7]. Among them, a covering material is disposed between the plant cultivation method body and the film of the above plant [2-9], such as [2-7] or [2-8].

[2] The plant cultivation method according to any one of [2-7] to [2, 9], wherein the liquid storage tank and the non-porous hydrophilic film are disposed to be accommodated in the liquid storage tank A float member floating on water or nutrient solution. [2] The plant cultivation method according to any one of [2-7] to [2-10], wherein substantially only water is supplied to the plant body from the liquid storage tank until the film and the plant body are substantially - After the formation of the body, and after the film and the plant body are substantially formed, the water or the nutrient solution is supplied to the plant body from the top of the film to the plant body as needed. [2-12] The plant cultivation method according to [2-1 1], wherein the plant body is switched from the above-mentioned film to the plant body, and water or nutrient solution is switched to the plant body as needed. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be more specifically described with reference to the drawings as needed. In the following disclosure, the "parts" and "%" of the quantity ratios are all based on the mass basis unless otherwise specified. (Common elements of the respective aspects) First, the common elements of the various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail. In such a case, as long as there is no special limit, such a "common element" is used. (Support for plant cultivation) 122987.doc -18· 200820895 As a support for plant cultivation used in the middle of the present, the support for plant cultivation which is usually used can be used. For example, the soil used in soil cultivation is listed. And the medium used in hydroponic cultivation. For example, in the inorganic system, there are natural sand, butterfly, floating/warm calcination, etc.) among them, rock wool, warpstone, pearl stone n _, etc. There is natural peat moss in the organic system. Indica shouting shells, peat moss, peat soil, etc., and...:::, medium, rice / synthetic fiber cloth or non-woven fabric. Non-woven fabric can be used for two-day, hydrophilic polyester, polyolefin and s Guang Congzhi non-woven The basis weight (weight per gram of woven fabric (g)) is 2 to 5 GGg, preferably 5 to 4 疋i 〇 to _g. These may be used singly or in combination. Use inorganic in non-woven fabrics... Add the minimum required amount of fertilizer = ::: = in the support medium. 卄 and 镟里凡素 to these soils and even V times cloth)

The absorbent cloth is used to hold the liquid and the like, and the liquid is supplied to the woven fabric. The absorbent cloth can preferably be a non-woven fabric or a cloth, and the non-woven fabric is not woven. The hydrophilic polyester, the polyolefin, the nylon, etc. 'Base weight (female 1 m2 non-woven 5~_g, better H) ~ smoke g. Μ 5GGg, preferably (layered separator) (nonporous hydrophilic film) 臈 as a non-porous hydrophilic thin layer in the layered layer used in the present invention, it is preferred to use non-porous hydrophilicity. Thin insulation member. It is especially useful in the present invention 122987.doc -19- 200820895. In the present invention, for example, it can be judged by the following "a syndrome in which the root of the plant body can be substantially integrated with the root of the plant body". According to the findings of the present inventors, it has been found that a film which is qualitatively integrated is preferably a non-porous hydrophilic film having the following permeability balance. According to the findings of the inventors, it is inferred that the water/ion permeability is so

In the overbalanced film, it is easy to achieve a better water/nutrient permeability balance and substantial integration of the roots in plant growth (especially root growth) capable of cultivation. However, in the present invention, the plant absorbs the fertilizer in a state of being separated by the nonporous hydrophilic film, but the film thus used has an effect on the salt (ion) permeability and the amount of the fertilizer component applied to the plant. It is preferable to use a non-porous hydrophilic (tetra) film which has a difference in conductivity (four) of water/saline after 4 days from the following measurement after the water is brought into contact with the salt water through the film to be 4.5 dS/m or less. Ion permeability. When such a film is used, it is easy to supply a preferred water or fertilizer solution to the root to promote the integration of the film. | < The non-porous hydrophilic film preferably has water-resistance and water impermeability. (4) When such a film is used, the integration of the root and the film can be promoted. X, easy to supply the oxygen of the dragon's job and prevent the pathogen contamination caused by it. Special film (water pressure resistance); Water pressure resistance can be measured by the method based on JIS L1092 (B method). 0 122987.doc -20- 200820895 The water pressure resistance of the film 1 of the present invention is 10 cm or more, preferably It is 20 Cin or more, and more preferably 30 em or more. (Moisture/Ion Permeability) In the present invention, it is preferred that the non-porous hydrophilic film is in contact with water (By. The difference in electrical conductivity (EC) measured by the water/saline at the cultivation temperature in the future is 4.5 Torr. More preferably, the difference in electrical conductivity is 3.5 dS/m or less. Especially good is 2.0 dS/m or less. The difference in electrical conductivity is preferably measured in the following manner. <Experimental Apparatus, etc.> Further, the experimental instruments, devices, and materials used in the following parts (including the examples) of the present specification (unless otherwise specified) are as shown in the section before the "Examples" below. <Measurement method of electrical conductivity> Since the fertilizer is usually absorbed in an ion form, it is preferable to grasp the amount of salt (or ion) dissolved in the liquid. Conductivity (EC) was used as a method of determining the concentration of the ions. EC is also called conductivity, and the value of the electrical conductivity when two electrodes with a cross-sectional area of 1 cm2 are separated by a distance of 10 111. The unit uses Siemens (S) and is S/Cm, but because the EC of the fertilizer nutrient solution is small, it uses 1/1〇〇〇mS/cm (expressed as ds/m (d is deci) in the international unit system) . In the actual measurement, a small amount of the sample (for example, a solution) was dropped on the measurement site (sensor portion) of the above conductivity using a dropper, and the conductivity was measured. <Salt Salt/Water Permeation Test> 10 g of commercially available salt (for example, the following "Board Salt") was dissolved in 2〇〇〇122987.doc 21 200820895 7 in water 'Preparation of 0.5% saline (EC: approx. 9 ds/m). Use the "screen spider" and load the film to be tested (size: 2〇〇~26〇χ2(9)~2) onto the screen and add 15〇 § water to the film. On the other hand, 150 g of the above-mentioned salt water was added to the side of the spider, and the entire system was obtained by wrapping the food with a plastic wrap (trade name: Saran Preservation 臈, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.) evaporation. In this state, the EC was measured at room temperature and measured on the water side and the saline side every 24 hrs. In the present invention, the film preferably exhibits specific glucose permeability in terms of the absorption of nutrients (organic matter) by the root of the plant through the film. The glucose permeability can be better evaluated by the permeation test of the following water/glucose solution. In the present invention, it is preferred that the film is self-measured after the water is brought into contact with the (tetra) sugar solution via the film. The difference between the concentration (Brix%) of the water/glucose solution measured at the cultivation temperature on the third day (72 hours) was 4. The difference between the concentrations (Brix%) is more preferably 3 or less, and particularly preferably 2 or less (particularly preferably 15 or less). <Water/Drug Solution Permeation Test of Film> A 5% glucose solution was prepared using commercially available glucose. Using the same "screen spider device" as the salt water test described above, the film to be tested (size: 200 to 260 x 200 ticks) was placed on a sieve, and 150 g of water was added to the film. On the other hand, the above-mentioned glucose solution was added to the side of the pan, and the whole system obtained by wrapping the wrap film for food (polyvinylidene chloride film, trade name: Saran Preservation, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.) was prevented. evaporation. In this state, it was placed at room temperature and the sugar content (Brix〇/〇) on the hydrophobic side and the glucose solution side was measured by the sugar content every 24 hrs. 122987.doc -22- 200820895 (Integration of root and film) The test was carried out under the conditions of the following example (4-1) (using vermiculite). Namely, two plants of red lettuce (one or more of the present leaves) were used, and a plant growth test of 35 days was carried out. In the obtained plant-film system, the leaves are cut at the root of the plant seedlings. The film was cut into a width of 5 cm (length: about 20 cm) as a test piece in such a manner that the stem of the film adhered to the root portion was substantially centered. The clips on the market are attached to the spring-loaded hand-held scale, and one of the above-mentioned test strips is fixed by a clip, and the weight shown by the spring-loaded scale is recorded (corresponding to the self-weight of the test piece = A g). Then, the stem at the center of the test piece was held by hand, and it was slowly pulled downward, and the weight (load = 8 g) when the root portion was separated (or cut) from the film was read from the scale of the spring type portable scale. The value of (BA) obtained by subtracting the initial weight is taken as the peeling load of 5 cm in width (refer to FIG. 27). In the present invention, it is preferable to use the peel strength thus measured with respect to the root of the plant body described above. A film showing a peel strength of 1 〇 g or more. The peeling φ intensity is more preferably 30 g or more, and particularly preferably 100 g or more. (Integrated meaning) In the present invention, the definition and measurement method of the "integration" of the film and the root are used as a principle only for confirming the material of the film (that is, the film and the root of the cultivation method). In the case of integration, there are cases where the measurement methods differ. (Confirmed by Optical Microscope) As described above, in the present invention, the integration of the film and the root of the plant can be evaluated from the magnitude of the load necessary to peel the root from the film adhered to the root portion, and the evaluation is carried out by This stereochemistry can also be confirmed by an optical microscope. For example, as shown in Fig. 39, in the optical micrograph of the interface between the root and the film, it is observed that after the root and the film are formed, the root substantially covers the surface of the film without f«, thereby confirming that the film is integrated with the root of the plant. Chemical. (Thin film material) The non-porous hydrophilic film material which can be used in the invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above-mentioned "substantially integrated with the root portion", and can be appropriately selected from known materials. Such materials can usually be used in the form of a film or film. More specifically, as such a film material, for example, a polyethylene glycol (pvA) m-wound fiber, a cellulose-ethyl cellulose, or a polyester-specific hydrophilic material can be used. The thickness of the above film is not particularly limited, and it is usually preferably about 3 (10) 左右 or so, and more preferably about 2 (10) to 5 μηι. Particularly preferably, (10) to (9) are called left and right. According to the findings of the inventors of the present invention, it is preferable that the container is grown until the root of the plant is integrated with the film, and the box is added to the plant cultivation support in advance on the film. (Nutrient) The nutrient solution (or even the fertilizer solution) that can be used in this month is not particularly limited. For example, the nutrient solution used in the soil cultivation and the liquid culture cultivation can be used in the present invention. As two inorganic components essential for plant growth, water or nutrient solution, the main components are: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (Κ), calcium (Ca), 122987.doc 24- 200820895 Iron (Fe), sputum (Mn), boron magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), and trace components include (B), copper (Cn), zinc (Zn), and molybdenum (M〇). Further, in addition to this, the sub-components of the ancient war wounds include bismuth (Si), chlorine (ci), aluminum (Α1), and sodium (Na). Further, if necessary, it is possible to add a saccharide, an amino acid or the like having other physiological activities, such as the meaning of the present invention, and the effect of the present invention. (4) Adding glucose (Irrigation mechanism) The irrigation mechanism (for example, a drip tube) can be used to intermittently supply water or nutrient solution to a plant cultivation support such as soil or soil, and can be cultivated while performing the buffer function of the soil. For example, a dropper developed by Israel, which is more expensive than water (for example, also known as a "dropper"), can be used as a drop (4) to supply as little water and fertilizer as necessary for crop growth (fine mist spray mechanism). In the cultivation of the facility, only the summer ^, the summer hand, the shade of the dish or the ventilation is still visible.

Insufficient, but cooling, but may increase energy costs. : Bu can be equipped with a fine mist spraying mechanism 27, the particles sprinkled on the plant nozzles are not fine |p ^, month, Tianwu, people take away the vaporization heat in the air for the cold party, 隹~J hunting due to the addition of water Fertilizer and / or Chen Liangjin spray, but also has the effect of absorbing fertilizer from the leaf surface and saving labor. |便辰乐散(covering member) In the present invention, t's can be better used to cover the "S筌/" & ~ 'so-called" buckles used to help plants grow to the roots or cadres, etc. I22987.doc -25- 200820895: Cold: film or plate material such as dry. By using this coverage in January (4), the advantage of improving the water use efficiency can be obtained. : In the system of the present invention, the water or nutrients that are moved into the layered partition member by the autotrophic liquid or the like are present, and the surface of the layered partition member evaporates into water in addition to the plant integrated with the layered partition member. The tendency of steam. In order to make such a steamed milk, it should not be lost to the atmosphere as much as possible, but it can cover the surface of the material. The surface of the covering member or the planting support recording surface on which the water vapor is condensed on the layered partition member by the covering member can be utilized as water. (The first aspect of the present invention) ^ The plant cultivation system of the aspect includes at least: a tray for containing water or 2 = a water tank, a tray which can be set on the water or the nutrient solution, and a water supply from above the tray 1 or The institution for nourishing liquid. Use: Brother 1 sadness to provide a plant cultivation system, which is the advantage. <The dripper as a mechanism for dripping water or nutrient solution from above the tray::: The first aspect 'further provides the -plant cultivation system' which supplies water appropriately from above the evaporation suppression member (covering member) And/or the fertilizer Haidi 1 aspect, and further providing a plant cultivation system which is attached to the hair growth suppressing member to perform a slit parallel to the liquid feeding point dropper, and the inventors have found the following new phenomenon: specific & Porous hydrophilic thin ruthenium (for example, a polymer film) can be combined with plant root essence, heart 122987.doc -26- 200820895. Based on the results of further investigations, it has been found that the plant roots which are substantially integrated with the film can absorb the fertilizer components and water in the aqueous solution in contact with the film to the extent necessary for the growth of the plant through the film. Further, it has been found that the root portion and the film are integrated, and it is necessary to absorb water and fertilizer components through the film, so that a large amount of root hair is generated, thereby effectively absorbing water, fertilizer components, air, and the like located near the root. According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant cultivation system which uses the above specific non-porous hydrophilic film as a layered separator disposed on at least a bottom surface of the tray. According to the plant cultivation system of the first aspect, a plant cultivation system and a plant cultivation method capable of performing the following automatic treatment are provided, and a tray which is unitized in a plant cultivation place is placed on a water surface such as a nutrient solution, and changes with time. The tray moves the water tank, and the surface is intermittently irrigated from the surface of the covering member. According to the first aspect, a plant cultivation method is provided, which is to be cultivated.

The bed sink is divided into several sections, and the nutrient composition of the tank of the cultivation bed is changed according to the progress of the cultivation stage. According to the first aspect, a plant cultivation method is provided which is based on the progress of the cultivation stage, and the composition of the solution (4) by the pipette is changed and the amount of the solution is changed. According to the first aspect, a plant cultivation method is provided which also causes a change in the type or amount of natural light and artificial light at each cultivation stage (the advantage of the first aspect) 122987.doc -27- 200820895 The plant cultivation system and the plant cultivation method of the first aspect of the present invention having the above-described constitution are used for the planting of the plant seeds in the Uchida to the etc. The cultivation of the seedlings is carried out by arranging the cultivation unit in which the plant body is planted in the liquid culture of the water tank, etc., and the plant body cultivated in the cultivation unit is moved on the water tank and receives the drip of the nutrient solution or the like from above. - The surface is cultivated, so that plant cultivation can be automated.

According to the plant cultivation system of the first aspect of the present invention, since the tray contacts the tank liquid or the like in a large area, it is possible to easily control the root ring temperature of the plant body accommodated in the tray by controlling the temperature of the water tank. According to the plant cultivation of the first aspect of the present invention, "the root of the plant is not impregnated in the nutrient solution of the sink by the layered partition material disposed on the bottom surface of the disc," so that the root of the plant does not appear. Hypoxia. Root = plant cultivation system and system of the invention, because the tray is used as the cultivation = the parental cultivation stage, so that the % of the cultivation stages can be fixed to save labor. According to the first aspect of the invention, it is easy to replace only a very small amount of two soils on the tray, and is not affected by the continuous obstacle, the accumulation of salt of the soil pesticide π wood on the soil, etc. Further, according to the first aspect of the present invention The amount of water and nutrients supplied to the trays, the amount of water and nutrients supplied to the trays are all very low-lying groundwater pollution, and the accumulation of salt on the surface of the earth's soil. Further, the effective water resources are effective. The so-called cultivation cost, such as utilization, reduction in fertilizer use, etc., is extremely advantageous. 122987.doc -28- 200820895 Further, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the liquid is raised by each cultivation stage. The concentration changes, and a small amount of water or nutrient solution is supplied from the tray under the strict control of the dosage and time L, and then the amount of nitrate nitrogen in the cultivated plant can be easily and greatly reduced in the later stage of cultivation only ', a good'. In the plant cultivation system according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to control the moisture stress of the plant which is extremely easy to be cultivated by using a specific non-porous hydrophilic film as a layered separator. The plant is of high quality.

In the plant cultivation system according to the first aspect of the present invention, when a specific non-hydrophilic film is used as the layered separator, the plant roots are not directly contacted, and the nutrient solution is directly contacted, so even if it is raised The liquid is affected by the pathogenic micro-protozoa/loss, and the microorganisms and bacteria cannot pass through the thin, and do not touch the roots, so plant pollution can be avoided. Hereinafter, specific examples of the first aspect of the present invention will be described. (plant cultivation system). The plant cultivation system of the month of the present invention is characterized in that the plant support is placed on a tray provided on the water or the nutrient solution of the water tank, and the plant is cultivated by the irrigation mechanism (dripper, etc.). In this aspect, too:, moving the tray in the sink, and cultivating the plants. Considering that the tray; water or nutrient solution is 'and easy to move, it is better to have the boat type. ^ is a model of a basic aspect of the plant cultivation method of the present invention: θ. Referring to Figure 1, the planting system of this aspect is attached to the tray! A dam member 9 is provided thereon. At least two slits are disposed on the evaporation suppressing member 9, I22987.doc • 29-200820895, that is, a slit for plant cultivation and a slit for irrigation. The tray is floated on the nutrient solution 4 of the water tank 3, and the drip tube 2 is placed above the irrigation slit 1〇. The tray 1 is movable in parallel with the drip tube 2. (Tray) Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a tray 植物 of the plant cultivation system of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 2, in this configuration, a small hole 6 is disposed on the bottom surface of the tray, a layered partition member 7 and a plant cultivation support 8 are disposed thereon, and an evaporation suppressing member is disposed on the plant cultivation support 8 ( Covering member) 9. By arranging the irrigation slit 1〇 and the plant cultivation slit 11 on the covering member, the following advantages can be obtained: even if the tray is moved in the cultivation bed, it can be efficiently supplied from the upper part of the plant cultivation support 8 Liquid, etc. The material, the thickness, and the like of the tray 1 are not particularly limited, and if the material is appropriately selected from a material that can float the tray 1 on the liquid (for example, a material having a specific gravity smaller than the nutrient solution 4), the tray can be floated. The liquid is used on the 4th. Even if the material has a specific gravity greater than that of the nutrient solution 4, the tray may be configured such that the tray is entirely smaller than the specific gravity of the nutrient solution (for example, a box that does not penetrate into the water), or the frame is placed on the tray to suspend it. It is used on the sink. Further, the tray 1 may be a frame structure that can float on a liquid or the like. That is, it is possible that the bottom surface of the tray is mostly composed of the layered partition member 7. The tray 1 may be placed on a floating member made of a material that can float on the liquid or the like 4 as needed. Further, a mechanism for allowing the nutrient solution or the like 4 to easily come into contact with the layered partition member 7 can be employed. As such a mechanism, for example, more than one slit shape or a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape, a star shape, and the like may be formed on the floating body member. 122987.doc -30-200820895 Alternatively, the layered partition member 7 is considered. The load on the upper side can also adjust the buoyancy of the floating member in the state of the juice on the liquid, etc., so that the level of the surface of the floating member is close to the surface level of the nutrient solution or the like. Further, the water absorbing layer containing the nonwoven fabric may be covered on the floating body member, and the water absorbing layer may be immersed in the nutrient solution of the water tank from the end portion of the floating body member, and the nutrient solution of the water tank may be supplied to the layered partition member via the water absorbing layer. For example, as the material of the tray 1 and the floating member, in terms of light weight, easy formability, and low cost, t can be preferably used: general-purpose plastic such as polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and the like. A foam or a plate-like product of such plastics. (Other trays) Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing another tray 1 of the plant cultivation system of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 3, the structure is such that no hole is formed in the bottom surface of the boat, and the layered partition member is not disposed. In the configuration of Fig. 3, the constituent disks other than the above are the same. In this case, the nutrient solution of the sink is completely isolated from the plant body on the tray, so the water or nutrient is supplied to the plant body mainly by the irrigating irrigation. (Layered partition member) The layered partition member used in the present invention can be used without any special (four) if the nutrient solution or the like in the water tank can be isolated from the plant cultivation support. For example, a foam of a general-purpose plastic such as polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, which is the same as the material constituting the tray, or a plate-like product of the plastics can be used. 122987.doc -31 - 200820895 In view of the fact that the plant body on the tray can utilize the nutrient solution or the like in the water tank under the tray, it is preferred that the layered partition member is a material that can permeate or even absorb water. As the layered partition member ‘permeable to water and preventing the roots of the plant from penetrating, a cloth-like layer called a grass-proof layer or the like which is densely woven by a polyester fiber or the like and exhibits resistance to penetration at the root of the plant can be used. (Cultivation system) In the present invention, the cultivation system that can be used in combination with the above configuration is not particularly limited. The following describes the automation of tray cultivation to achieve the characteristics of the cultivation system of the present invention, reducing continuous cropping obstacles, pesticide pollution, groundwater pollution, salt accumulation on the surface of the soil, and high quality of cultivated plants, low nitrate nitriding, etc. The preferred cultivation system is isolated. ~ (Preferred system) Referring to the schematic diagram of Fig. 1, in this aspect, the culture bed 3 is equipped with a liquid solution, etc.:: an air irrigation mechanism (dripper) 2 is placed in the air, but its position is located at the nutrient solution φ It is placed at the position of the irrigation slit 10 of the tray 1. The following mechanism can be implemented to "distribute a strip or cloth-like material" between the drip tube 2 and the tray (i) slit 10 to accurately guide the liquid to the irrigation slit 1 of the tray 1 from the drip tube 2 . The seed is sown in a slit for plant cultivation of the tray i, and is, for example, seeded in a multi-stage germination and nursery room. The tray 1 carrying the grown seedlings is moved to the nutrient solution of the cultivation bed 3, etc. 4 φ ^ ^ ^ From the temple 4, and arrange the trays 1 in order. For example, if the harvesting of the cultivating bed 3 reaches the length of the tray 1 in the case of the harvest on the 30th, I am 30 times, put it on the mother's day, etc. 122987.doc -32- 200820895 i and push the previous tray 1, then reach the end of the cultivation bed after 30 。. That is, one tray can be harvested daily. 1. Advantages Obtained as follows: The irrigation mechanism 2 (drip pipe) for intermittently supplying water or nutrient solution to the layered partition member 7 can be supplied to the plant cultivation support by the controlled amount of water or nutrient solution. The body 8 (soil, etc.) replenishes the water or the nutrient solution when the water or the fertilizer component taken by the plant through the layered partition member 7 is insufficient. (Advantages of the first aspect) By using the above-described constitution The cultivation system of the invention, and when the plant body is cultivated by the cultivation of the liquid culture soil, A small amount of plant support body 8 is used on the moving tray, and the plant body is moved to the cultivation bed 3 after seeding, and the tray 1 can be moved in the cultivation bed in each cultivation stage, so that the plant cultivation can be performed. It is also automated. Moreover, since a small amount of plant support 8 is used on the layered partition member, it is easy to replace and is not affected by continuous cropping (4), soil pesticide pollution, salt accumulation on soil, etc. The amount of water and nutrients in the nutrient solution under the material, and the amount of water and nutrients supplied to the layered partition member 7 are located in the closed area of the cultivation bed 3:^, so the groundwater is contaminated and the salt is on the surface layer of the earth. In terms of the environmental aspects of the accumulation, and even the use amount is extremely small or even zero, it is extremely advantageous in terms of the cultivation cost of the effective use of the precious water source and the reduction in the amount of fertilizer used, and the 'plant cultivation system of the present invention and The plant cultivation method is extremely easy to control the water stress of the plant capable of cultivation, so that the plant is highly purified by 122987.doc -33-200820895. According to the present invention, a small amount of nutrient solution is supplied from above the covering member 9 by the concentration change of the nutrient solution 4 under the layered partitioning material 7 under the condition of tightly controlling the amount and time, and only water is supplied at the later stage of cultivation. Therefore, the amount of the nitrate nitrogen in the cultivated plant can be easily and greatly reduced. In the present invention, in order to change the concentration of the nutrient solution * under the layered partition member, a plurality of water tanks for accommodating the different concentrations of the nutrient solution 4 can be prepared. The tray is moved between separate water tanks. (Second aspect of the present invention) Next, the second aspect of the present invention will be described. One (the aspect in which the water tank is not provided) is used in the present day, even if the money is contained in the water. Alternatively, the water tank can be effectively cultivated as a plant for supplying water or a nutrient solution to the above-mentioned "film". A plant cultivation system according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the plant body capable of being cultivated is at least located on a non-porous hydrophilic film which is disposed in a water-impermeable material or is provided It is on the water-absorbent material on the water-impermeable material and can be substantially integrated with the root. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant-growing system characterized in that: the water is supplied to the water-impermeable material and the non-porous hydrophilic film by an irrigation mechanism; A water-absorbent material between. According to the second aspect of the present invention, further, 裎祉^^L/, is crying and is provided for a plant cultivation system, which is provided on the non-porous hydrophilic film with w诘铷 non-am I# plant cultivation support And plant body to cultivate the above plant body. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is further provided a plant cultivation system, wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is provided with a cover film or a cover member which does not allow the plant body and the water to be Those who cultivate the above plants. - according to the second aspect of the present invention, and further providing a planting plant 1 system, after the root of the plant body is substantially integrated with the non-porous hydrophilic film, water is appropriately supplied from above the film and/or Or fertilizer. (Advantages of the second aspect) The plant cultivation system according to the second aspect of the present invention having the above-described configuration can provide a cultivation system which is inexpensive and inexpensive, and which does not require the cost of storing the liquid in the pre-culture culture A lot of fees for the sink setting works. Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, 'the root of the plant and the earthworm are separated from the water-permeable material without direct contact, so even the original microorganisms of the earth, and the care; 5 benefits, - Jiuyi is also a disease, 'Hao Qiaozhu 'Microorganisms and bacteria can't penetrate the roots through this thinness, which can avoid plant pollution such as continuous damage. Rate, etc. According to the second aspect of the present invention, even if the soil of the earth is subjected to residual agriculture:: 'The soil of the earth and the root are separated by the water-impermeable material, so that the contamination of the companion plant can be alleviated. Second, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the impervious cavity located above the earth soil is made even if the nutrient solution or the like is supplied to the film and the nonporous hydrophilicity is provided.

The water-absorbent material in the spare room will also prevent the nutrient solution from being transferred to the soil in the earth to prevent the accumulation of salt and water, and the groundwater pollution, and at the same time reduce the cultivation cost of valuable water resources and fertilizer use. The water-based material causes salt accumulation in the surface layer of the soil in Area A, and it will not directly contact the roots because it is impermeable, so that the accumulation of salt will not have a great impact on the growth of the plant. Further, according to the plant cultivation system of the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the water stress of the non-porous hydrophilic film on the plant capable of cultivation, and to improve the quality of the plant. Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the amount of nitrate nitrogen in the cultivated plant can be easily reduced by the following method, that is, only water is mainly supplied to the underside of the nonporous hydrophilic film. Controlling the amount of time to supply a small amount of nutrient solution from the film, and supplying the water to the second half of the cultivation period, or supplying the nutrient solution to the non-porous hydrophilic thin crucible, and supplying only water from the film. method. In the system of the second aspect of the present invention, when water or a nutrient solution is supplied to the non-porous hydrophilic thin crucible, and water or a nutrient solution is supplied to the upper side of the film, it is preferable to use a little drop in consideration of convenience of control. tube. # (Specific example of the second aspect) Hereinafter, a specific example of the second aspect of the present invention will be described. (Plant cultivation system) The plant cultivation system according to the second aspect of the present invention does not have a water tank for accommodating water or a nutrient solution, and a mechanism for supplying water or a nutrient solution to a non-porous hydrophilic or aqueous film is used on the film. Cultivate plants. Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a basic state of a plant cultivation system according to a second aspect of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 4, in the plant cultivation system of this aspect, a nonporous hydrophilic film 21 capable of disposing a plant body is disposed on the water-impermeable material 2 2 . (Other aspect 1) 122987.doc -36- 200820895 Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the plant cultivation system according to the second aspect of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 5, in this aspect, an irrigation mechanism 23 (e.g., a drip tube) is disposed on the surface of the water-impermeable material 22, and a non-porous hydrophilic film 21 is disposed by sandwiching the water-absorbent material 28 (non-woven fabric or the like). The advantage of efficiently supplying the nutrient solution to the nonporous hydrophilic film 21 can be obtained by arranging such an irrigation mechanism 23. (Additional mechanism) 于 In the aspect of FIG. 5, the plant cultivation support 24 such as soil and/or water vapor may not be disposed above or may be disposed above the non-porous hydrophilic film as needed. A low-permeability evaporation suppressing member 25 (for example, a covering material described below). By arranging the evaporation suppressing member 25, the water vapor evaporated from the non-porous hydrophilic film 21 to the atmosphere is condensed on the surface of the evaporation suppressing member 25 or the plant cultivation support, and is used as water by plants. Further, the nutrient solution can be supplied to the non-porous hydrophilic film by providing the water-absorbent material 28' as a non-woven fabric under the non-porous hydrophilic film. Further, it can be disposed above the non-porous hydrophilic film 21 as needed: an irrigation mechanism % (4) such as a drip tube for intermittently supplying water or a nutrient solution. By arranging such an irrigation mechanism 26, it is possible to obtain the advantage of replenishing water or a nutrient solution when water or fertilizer components ingested by the non-porous hydrophilic film are insufficient. Further, a fine mist spraying mechanism 27 (for example, a valve) may be disposed on the upper portion of the planting region including the nonporous hydrophilic film 21 as needed, and the intermittent liquid is I22987.doc -37-200820895 Diluent. By arranging such a fine mist spraying &amp; structure 27', the following advantages can be obtained: • intermittent spraying with water, especially in the summer, cooling, 丨1, 蓉,, ～~ spraying with a liquid solution It is possible to automate the cooling of the environment, the use of foliars to supply fertilizer components, and the use of sprayed water or nutrient sprays to dispense pesticides. In the configuration of Fig. 25, the configuration other than the above is the same as that of Fig. 4. (Other aspects 2) Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the plant cultivation system according to the second aspect of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 6, in the case where the τ energy 4 is mounted and the μ L is sampled, the water-impermeable material 22 which is raised like a ridge shape is arranged on your body, such as a earthy soil, and is placed thereon. The non-porous hydrophilic film 21' is then lowered along the side of the ridge to lower the end of the film 21. In order to protect the configuration in the continuation gift. , ^ &quot; The plant cultivation support 24 (for example, soil, etc.) above the Tao membrane 21 does not fall to the surroundings, and the support support body which is made of plastic or wood is placed in the frame 29, and the frame 29 is The gap of the film (10) of the film 21 is =. In this case, even if there is no plastic greenhouse, etc., it is possible to reduce the amount of water from the non-porous hydrophilic film η. In the configuration of Fig. 6, the configuration other than the above is the same as that of Fig. 25. (Cultivation system) In the second aspect of the present invention, the mouth|and ^^ # ^ ^ ^ 八 have the above-described configuration, and the cultivation system which can be used in combination with the same can be used in particular. The characteristics of the sad-like cultivation system are more than that of the T S ^ . With the sink, the frame and the level correction project, it can realize the reduction of light barriers, pesticide pollution, groundwater pollution, salt accumulation on the surface of the soil, and the high quality of cultivated plants, low nitrate nitrogen. And so on. (Preferred Cultivation System-1) </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> in this aspect, is supplied to the water impermeable material 22 by means of a filling mechanism 23 (for example, a dropper) Alternatively, the water or the nutrient solution of the water absorbent material 28 thereon is moved to the nonporous hydrophilic film 21 disposed on the water impermeable material 22. The roots of the plant body absorb the water and nutrients that have moved into the membrane 21 to be absorbed for growth. An irrigation mechanism 26 (e.g., a drip tube) for intermittently supplying water or a nutrient solution may be disposed above the film 21 as needed. By providing such an irrigation mechanism 26, it is possible to obtain an advantage that a controlled amount of water or a nutrient solution can be supplied to the plant cultivation support 24 (for example, soil or the like), and the water taken by the plant through the film 21 or When the fertilizer is insufficient, it can be filled with water or nourishment. Further, an evaporation suppressing member 25 (e.g., 'covering material) that prevents water vapor from passing through or low permeability can be disposed. By arranging such an evaporation suppressing member 25, water vapor evaporated from the film 21 to the atmosphere is condensed on the surface of the evaporation suppressing member 25 or the plant growing support 24 (e.g., soil, etc.), and is utilized by water plants. Further, a fine mist sprayer (e.g., a valve) can be disposed on the upper portion of the film 21 as needed to intermittently spray water, a nutrient solution, or a pesticide diluent. It is possible to arbitrarily arrange such a fine mist spray illuminating mechanism 27, and obtain the following excellent use and intermittent money, especially in the summer, cooling, using the nutrient material% cold*, and using the leaf surface to spread the fertilizer component and utilizing 122987.doc •39- 200820895 Spraying pesticide or water spray to carry out pesticide spread # can be automated. (Preferred Cultivation System-2) In the second aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve a reduction in specific components of the plant body (for example, nitrate nitrogen), it is generally preferred (to avoid nutrient accumulation) from non-porous Only water is supplied above the hydrophilic film 21. Among them, $ promotes the "-body" of the film and the root, and it is preferred to supply the nutrient from below the film 21. Before the "integration" of the non-porous hydrophilic film 21 and the root portion is completed, the water is excessively added from the film to the right, and the plant absorbs the easily available water on the film, so that the necessity for obtaining moisture from the film is lowered. As a result, there is a tendency that the root portion is difficult to integrate with the film. Therefore, it is not preferable to add an excessive amount of water from the top of the film until the root portion and the thin layer are formed. On the other hand, after the root portion is integrated with the nonporous hydrophilic film, it is suitable.

When moisture/nutrient is applied from above the film. (Advantages of the second aspect of the present invention) The use of the cultivation system according to the second aspect of the present invention having the above-described configuration, even if the high-priced water tank, the seat frame, etc. of the culture-cultivating napkin are not provided, even if the level correction procedure or the like is omitted It is also possible to avoid continuous cropping caused by pathogenic bacteria or lines in the soil, plant contamination caused by residual pesticides in the soil, etc., and also because it is not directly related, and in the present invention, even if salt accumulation occurs on the surface layer of the soil, root.卩 contact does not affect plant growth. 122987.doc 200820895 2 In the system of sadness, the earth soil is covered by the impervious material 22, and the water and nutrient solution supplied to the 4 film will not leak into the soil, so soil and groundwater can be prevented from being contaminated by fertilizer. Further, it is possible to easily control the water supply to the plant by the non-porous hydrophilic film, and to improve the plant quality by increasing the nutrient content such as the sugar content. In the soil cultivation and nutrient soil cultivation, the fertilizers supplied to the soil in the earth are widely dispersed in the soil. Even if the water is only supplied in the final stage of cultivation, it is difficult to reduce the concentration of fertilizer in the soil. It is difficult to reduce the Wei state nitrogen remaining in the plant body. In the case of liquid culture, it is actually difficult to replace the nutrient solution in the water tank with water in the middle of cultivation. In the cultivation system of the second evil sample of the present month, there is very little guest soil on the non-porous hydrophilic film 21 of the plant body, and the nutrient solution supplied to the film may be in the cultivation stage. The nutrient solution is only converted into water, so that the nitrate nitrogen remaining in the plant body can be extremely easily reduced. (Third aspect of the present invention) Next, a third aspect of the present invention will be described. A plant cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention, characterized in that the film is transported to a bottom surface of a film by a water tank or a nutrient solution for supplying water or a nutrient solution to the bottom surface of the film. On, cultivate plants. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant growing system, wherein the film is continuously supplied to a water tank, and is conveyed to a water tank as a cultivation bed from the seeding or planting P white stage until harvesting. in. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant cultivation system which is provided with a support for plant cultivation on a film of 122987.doc • 41 - 200820895. According to a third aspect of the present invention, a plant cultivation system in which a moisture evaporation suppressing member (covering member) is disposed on a plant support is further provided. - According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant cultivation system which is capable of immersing water or nutrient solution from an upper portion into a plant cultivation support by means of an irrigation mechanism. Further, the inventors of the third aspect of the present invention have found that the following novel phenomenon: a specific non-porous hydrophilic film (for example, a polymer film) can be substantially solidified with plant roots. As a result of further in-depth study based on such findings, the following phenomenon has been found: The plant roots which are substantially integrated with the film can absorb the fertilizer components and water in the nutrient solution which is necessary for the growth of the plant through the film through the film. Further, it has been found that the root portion and the film are integrated, and it is necessary to absorb water and fertilizer components through the film, so that a large amount of root hair is generated, thereby effectively absorbing water, fertilizer components, and air located near the root. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant cultivation system which uses the above-mentioned specific nonporous hydrophilic film as the above film. According to the plant cultivation system of the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant cultivation system and a plant cultivation method which can automate the following cases, and the film is placed on a water surface such as a nutrient solution, and changes with time. The film was cultivated while moving in a water tank. Further, a plant cultivation method is provided in which the water tank of the cultivation bed is divided into a plurality of pieces, and the nutrient composition of the water tank of the cultivation bed is changed according to the progress of the cultivation stage. 122987.doc -42- 200820895 In addition, a method for plant cultivation is provided, which is developed to provide a plant cultivation by the irrigation mechanism (for example, the drip tube is also changed according to the cultivation stage. Method, the type of natural light and artificial light is used to change the type or amount of UA and artificial nine in each cultivation stage. (Advantages of the third aspect) The present invention has the above-described composition... The plant cultivation system and the above-mentioned film implanted from i Γ are continuously supplied to the water tank, and are transported to the cultivation bed as two types or at the seedling stage until harvesting. The plant body can be cultivated on the film and moved on the water tank. The surface can be continuously changed according to the growth stage and can be continuously performed from the seeding or planting to the harvest, and the automation can be realized. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the plant cultivation system can be made by adhering the plant root to the film. Adding 1 or cooling the liquid in the film, and effectively controlling the root ring temperature of the plant body. Therefore, it is not necessary to carry out the whole growth space. In the plant cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention, the plant roots are not impregnated with the liquid in the water tank by the film, so the plant roots are There is no need for hypoxia. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide dissolved oxygen to the nutrient solution, so that it is not necessary to frequently circulate the nutrient solution, which can greatly reduce the amount of use of the nutrient solution, etc., thereby reducing equipment investment and operating expenses. According to the third aspect of the present invention. Since the plant cultivation system does not need to use the cultivation board, the plant cultivation system does not need to move and arrange the cultivation board, and it becomes simpler, and it can reduce the expenses. Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention The sample can also be used with a small amount of soil, so the mother can be cultivated without pollution, and it will not be affected by continuous cropping, soil pesticide pollution, salt accumulation on the soil, etc. 'The amount of nutrient solution supplied to the film is lower than that. Less, lower environmental load, lower fertilizer use, etc.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the amount of water and nutrients is extremely small, and the discharge is extremely advantageous in terms of the cost of efficient use of precious water resources. Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, a small amount of water or a nutrient solution can be supplied from above the film by changing the concentration of the nutrient solution under the film in each cultivation stage, and strictly controlling the amount and time. Further, in the late stage of cultivation, only water is supplied, and it is easy to greatly reduce the nitrate nitrogen in the cultivated plant. Further, in the plant cultivation system of the third aspect of the present invention, a specific nonporous hydrophilic film can be used. It is extremely easy to control the water stress of plants capable of cultivating φ, and to achieve high quality of the plant. Further, in the plant cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention, when a specific non-porous hydrophilic film is used, since the root of the plant does not directly contact with the nutrient solution or the like under the film, even if the nutrient solution is affected by the pathogen The contamination of microorganisms and pathogens, microorganisms and bacteria cannot pass through the film, so they do not come into contact with the roots and can avoid plant pollution. (Plant cultivation system) The plant cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the film is supplied to the water or the liquid of the water tank, and the film is moved inside the water tank 122987.doc -44 - 200820895 Move 'plant one side. Fig. 7 is a side view showing a basic state of a plant cultivation method according to a third aspect of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 7, the plant cultivation system of this aspect is a film 32 continuously drawn from a film which is wound into a λ-like film, and is conveyed to the liquid surface of the liquid solution of the water tank 31, and then taken up by several kinds of water tanks. Aspect. Fig. 8 is a side view showing another aspect of the plant cultivation system of the third aspect of the invention. Referring to Fig. 8, in this aspect, in addition to the roll-shaped film 32, the absorbent cloth 34 is also supplied to the lower side of the film 32 by the use of the film 32, and is conveyed together with the film 32 to the liquid surface of the liquid (4) of the water tank 31, and then It is taken up by several kinds of water tanks 31. The absorbent cloth 34 under the film 32 has a function of picking up a liquid or the like and supplying it to the film 32. Fig. 9 is a side view showing another aspect of the plant cultivation system of the third aspect of the invention. Referring to Fig. 9, in this aspect, in addition to the roll-shaped film 32, the plant support 4 containing the nonwoven fabric or cloth is also supplied to the film "above", and the film 32 is transported to the liquid tank 31, and the like. The liquid surface of 33 is taken up by several kinds of water tanks 31. The non-woven fabric or cloth above the film 32 can function as the plant support body 40. The basic aspect of Fig. 7 can be used alone or as basic with Fig. 8. The patterns are used in combination, or used in combination with the basic aspect of Fig. 9 or in combination with the basic sadness of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9. The nutrient solution and the like in the plurality of water tanks 3 1 can respectively use components and concentration factors. The growth stages are different. Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 are schematic or schematic cross-sectional views showing the transfer mode from the film drawing step to the winding step. In the water tank 3, the temperature is 122987.doc -45 - 200820895. The cooling and cooling liquids 33 are cooled, and the heating/cooling hoses 3 through which the hot water or the cooling water passes can be arranged. Referring to Fig. 10, 1), the film 32 is conveyed to the liquid level of the liquid 33 or the like of the water tank 31. The way of the above; 2) is to float the floating body 36 in the sink 31 The liquid surface of the liquid 33 or the like, and the film 32 is carried on the floating body 36 for transport; and 3) the film 32 is placed on the roller or the conveyor belt 37 disposed near the liquid surface of the liquid or the like 33 of the water tank 31. Referring to Fig. 11, (4) is a method in which the film 32 is placed on a crawler belt (registered trademark) 38 disposed in the vicinity of the liquid surface of the liquid or the like 33 of the water tank 31; The method of conveying the light 39 disposed above the liquid surface of the liquid level of the water tank 31 or the like 33 is performed. The reason why the light 39 is disposed above the liquid surface is that the film 32 is disposed on the wall surface of the water tank above the liquid surface. Above, the film 32 is suspended from the outside of the sink. Thereby, the root portion does not stay at the end portion of the film 32, and the situation in which the root portion penetrates the film is alleviated due to the presence of the clearance. Further, (4) excess nutrient solution or the like can be discharged to the outside of the film 32. The force of transporting the film 32 is caused by the force of the winding force of the film, the flow of the liquid to the downstream of the liquid 33, and the like, and 3) the power of the roller (four), the track (registered trademark) 38 or the roller 39. The power of action. Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a method of cultivating a liquid or the like from the upper portion of the film 32. Referring to Fig. 12'' 1), there are shown the following methods: (4) A non-woven fabric or method as a plant branch (4) 4G when the film is in a concave state as described above. :) indicates that the filling of the film 32 in the upwardly convex state can be achieved by causing the film 32 to be convex upward, thereby preventing the plant root from extending outward through the film 32, and the irrigation is excessive. Discharged outward. From the side of the film 32 (cultivation system) In the third aspect of the invention, the cultivation system to be used in combination is not particularly limited. Therefore, it can be characterized by its third aspect of the planting system and using _ "as a training system of the present invention, which utilizes the continuous drawing of the film to reduce the continuous barrier, pesticide pollution, groundwater 0 Automation, 1 Sink (cultivating bed) 2 Film 33 Nutrient or water 34 Non-woven fabric 35 Heating and cooling hose 36 Floating body 37 Roller or conveyor belt 38 Track (registered trademark) 39 Roller 40 Plant support 41 Pulmonary mechanism (dropper) 42 Evaporation suppression member (covering material) 43 Pull-out step 44 Adjustment/seeding. Teething* Planting step 45 Accumulation of growth steps, etc., and high-quality cultivation of cultivated plants, ^pi-division of soil surface layer 1 low-nitrification nitriding 122987.doc -47- 200820895 46 Post-Processing Step 47 Harvesting and Winding Steps (Better System) Figures 13 and 14 show that the roll-like film 32 and the non-woven fabric as the plant support 40 are pulled out to float A schematic diagram of each step of sowing and growing until the harvesting and winding is performed on the liquid surface of the nutrient solution 33 of the water tank 31. That is, referring to Fig. 13, 1) the pulling-out step 43 is to pull out the roll-shaped film 32 and the plant support. Step of 40 (non-woven) 2) The adjustment step 44 is a step of floating the film 32 and the plant support 40 (non-woven fabric) after the drawing on the liquid surface of the nutrient solution 33 of the water tank 31, and mixing them. Further, by this step, the plant support 4(the soil) can be carried on the film 32 or the plant support 4 (non-woven fabric). 3) The seeding step 44 is a step of manually or automatically seeding. Step 4: Seeding step 44 is a step of germination in a humidity controlled space to prevent rapid drying. Referring to Fig. 14, 5) Growth step 45 is a step of growing the crop to a specific size. 6) Post treatment Step 46 is a step of making the nutrient solution of the differentiated water tank 31 into water or a low nutrient solution concentration, or a solution in which no nitrate ions are mixed, so as to reduce the nitrate nitrogen. 7) Harvesting step 47 is manual or automatic harvesting. Step of cropping 0 122987.doc -48- 200820895 8) The winding step 47 is a step of winding up the film 32 and the non-woven fabric 40. Referring to Figures 13 and 14, for example, in the case of a plant harvested on the 30th, the cultivation bed is made (water The length of 1 is 30 m, and the average is deducted on the 1st, and the film of 1 m of the ancestor of the ancestors is 32', then reaches the end of the cultivation bed after 30 。. That is, the g mother harvests 1 m °. See Figure 12 for The utility model has the advantages that the water or the nutrient solution can be intermittently supplied to the irrigation mechanism 4丨 (drip pipe) above the plant support body, and the controlled water or nutrient solution is supplied to the plant cultivation support soil, etc. When the water or fertilizer component taken by the plant via the film 32 is insufficient, the water or the nutrient solution can be replenished. (Advantages of the third aspect of the present invention) By using the cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the film wound into a roll shape can be pulled out and transferred to the water or the nutrient solution in the water tank. The film after harvesting is taken up into a roll shape, and continuous cultivation is carried out since the cultivation of the soil, the sowing, the planting, the growth, and the harvest, so that the cultivation of the plant can be easily automated. Further, the amount of water and nutrients supplied to the nutrient solution or the like 33 under the film 32, and the amount of water and nutrients supplied to the upper portion of the film 32 are located in the so-called closed area of the cultivation bed 31, so that the groundwater is contaminated and the salt is on the surface layer of the earth soil. In terms of the accumulated environment, and the amount of use is extremely small or even zero, it is extremely advantageous in terms of effective use of valuable water resources and reduction of fertilizer use and other cultivation costs. Further, according to the plant cultivation system and the plant cultivation method according to the third aspect of the present invention, it is extremely easy to control the water stress of the plant capable of cultivation, and to achieve high quality of the plant. 122987.doc -49- 200820895 Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, in order to strictly control the concentration of the industrial energy, the concentration of the nutrient solution, etc. under the thin sputum 32, from the film A small amount of water or nutrient solution is supplied above 32, and water or a nutrient solution of not nitrate ions is supplied to the lower portion of the film at the later stage of cultivation, whereby the amount of nitrate nitrogen in the plant can be easily increased. In the third aspect of the present invention, in order to change the concentration of the nutrient solution μ under the film 32, a plurality of water tanks for accommodating the different concentrations of the nutrient solution 3 can be prepared, and the film can be moved between the individual water tanks. (Fourth Aspect of the Invention) Hereinafter, a fourth aspect of the invention will be described. A plant cultivation method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the plant body which can be cultivated is at least on a film which is disposed on the soil or in the soil and which is substantially integrated with the root. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a plant cultivation method is provided, wherein the plant body capable of being cultivated is placed on at least a film disposed on the soil and substantially integrated with the root, and the plant is placed on the film. The body and the plant body are supported to cultivate the above plant body. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a plant cultivation method is further provided, wherein the plant body capable of being cultivated is at least located on a film disposed on the soil and substantially integrated with the root, and the plant body is disposed on the film and The cover film or the covering member through which the vapor cannot pass is used to cultivate the above plant body. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is further provided a plant cultivation method for promoting the substantial integration of a plant root portion with a film, and supplying water and/or fertilizer to the earth soil under the film to cultivate the plant. 122987.doc -50- 200820895 According to the present invention, the fourth bear;,; fish; ^, y ^ sample further provides a plant cultivation method, which is attached to the root of the plant body, Panzheng @n 丨 /, 溥 membrane substantial integration After the treatment, water and/or fertilizer are appropriately supplied from above the film. (Effects of the fourth aspect); /, in the plant cultivation method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention having the above constitution, the plant root # is separated from the earth soil by the film and is not in direct contact, so even the earth soil is doubled to the pathogenic microorganism The pathogen is contaminated by microorganisms and fine S, and it is not exposed to the roots, so it can avoid plant pollution such as IV damage. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, even if the earth soil is subjected to residual agricultural chemicals, etc., since the soil and the roots are separated by the film, the contamination of the plants can be alleviated. Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the film located on the earth soil has an effect of hindering evaporation of water in the earth soil to the atmosphere, and can reduce the movement and accumulation of salt in the surface layer of the earth soil. • In particular, when the plant cultivation support or the cover film for blocking the water vapor is disposed on the film, the effect can be exerted more strongly. Further, even if there is salt accumulation in the surface layer of the earth soil, it does not directly contact the root portion due to the presence of the film, and since the plant absorbs only the effective component through the film, the salt accumulation does not greatly affect the plant growth. Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the soil supplied to the soil under the film: water and nutrients, and the amount of water and nutrients supplied to the film are all in the evening or even zero, so the groundwater is contaminated and the salt is applied to the earth soil. The accumulation of the superficial layer of the surface, in turn, is extremely advantageous in terms of effective use of valuable water resources and reduction in cultivation costs such as reduction in fertilizer use 122987.doc -51 - 200820895. Further, by the plant cultivation method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is extremely easy to control the water stress of the plant which is sufficiently cultivated, and to improve the quality of the plant. Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since only water is mainly supplied to the earth soil under the film, a small amount of the nutrient solution is supplied from the film under a tight control amount and time, and only water is supplied in the latter half of the cultivation. Therefore, it is easy to greatly reduce the amount of nitrate nitrogen in the cultivated plants. _ Here, when water or a nutrient solution is supplied to the earth soil below the film, and water or a nutrient solution is supplied to the soil above the film, it is preferable to use the ________ surface for the degree of difficulty of control, etc. Drop the tube. On the other hand, the film disclosed in the fourth aspect of the present invention is a non-porous hydrophilic film which is integrated with the root of the plant body. In addition to the thinner enamel, for example, in the case of a polyethylene film which is not substantially integrated with the root of the plant, the plant on the film will not be able to absorb the #水 and fertilizer components in the soil under the film. Therefore, in order to cultivate the plants on the film, it is necessary to supply a large amount of water and fertilizer from above the film. That is, if the amount of water supplied is insufficient and it is easy to dry, the plant will soon die, and if the amount of water supplied is too large, it will reach an excessively moist state, causing roots to rot due to lack of oxygen. That is, tight control of the supply of large amounts of water and fertilizer is indispensable. Especially in the case of less soil on the film, the control is more difficult, and it is almost impossible to achieve in actual plant cultivation. Also, as previously stated, the use of mu involves a large cost burden. In another aspect, when the film of the fourth aspect of the present invention is used, as described in the above-mentioned 122987.doc 52 - 200820895, the root soil absorbs moisture and nutrients of the earth soil under the film, so: Integration, and a large number of root hairs, so it is possible to absorb the water, fertilizer components, air, etc. around the roots, and the amount of water, fertilizer, and air supplied to the film can be extremely good."植物 The plant can continue to grow even if the soil on the film is extremely dry due to drying. Further, on the contrary, it is possible to grow for a relatively long period of time even in an excessively tidal state. That is, V: has a large advantage as follows: it can greatly reduce the cost of the film on the customer's soil while at the same time, it is not necessary to strictly control the amount of water in the guest soil, the concentration of the fertilizer, and the like.

(Plant cultivation method) The fourth method of plant cultivation according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises at least a nonporous hydrophilic film disposed on the soil. Δ Figure 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a basic aspect of a plant cultivation method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 15, the plant cultivation method of this aspect is characterized in that a non-porous hydrophilic film 61 having a configurable plant body is disposed on the earth soil 62. Λ (Other aspects 1) Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the plant cultivation method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 16, in this aspect, an irrigation mechanism 63 (e.g., a drip tube) is disposed on the surface of the earth soil 62, and a film 61 disposed thereon or a film 61 disposed without the water absorbing layer 68 (not woven) is disposed thereon. By arranging such an irrigation mechanism 63, an advantage that the nutrient solution can be efficiently supplied to the nonporous hydrophilic film 61 can be obtained. (Additional mechanism) 122987.doc -53- 200820895 In the aspect of Fig. 16, a plant cultivation support 64 such as soil and/or water vapor cannot pass or low permeability can be disposed above the film 61 as needed. The evaporation suppressing member 65 (for example, a covering material described below). By arranging the evaporation suppressing member 65 as described above, the water vapor evaporated from the film 61 to the atmosphere is condensed on the surface of the evaporation suppressing member 65 or the plant cultivation support 64, and is used as a water by the plant. Further, a water absorbing layer 68 such as a non-woven fabric may be provided under the film, so that moisture and nutrients in the earth soil can be absorbed and uniformly supplied to the film. Further, an irrigation mechanism 66 (for example, a drip tube) for intermittent supply, saliva or nutrient solution may be disposed above the film 61 as needed. Further, a fine mist spraying mechanism 67 (e.g., f) may be disposed on the upper portion of the cultivation region including the film 61 as needed to intermittently spray water, a nutrient solution or a pesticide diluent. In the configuration of Fig. 16, the configuration other than the above is the same as that of Fig. 15. (Other aspects 2) Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the plant cultivation method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 17, a disk ' is formed on the soil 62 of the pattern m so as to be higher than the periphery, and the film 61 is covered on the fort, and the end portion of the film 61 is pulled down along the side of the ridge. In order to protect the plant cultivation support body 64 (soil) disposed above the film 61 from the surrounding area, a plant cultivation support holding frame 69 made of plastic or wood is disposed, and the frame 69 and the thin medium 61 are disposed. Set the gap for water supply. Thereby, even in the outdoor of the rainproof mechanism such as a room, the water that has passed through the film can be drained during the rain. 122987.doc -54- 200820895 In the configuration of Fig. 17, the configuration other than the above is the same as that of ϋ16. (cultivation method) In the case of the present invention, as long as the right side of the planting method, ^ /, can be used with the group 4Μ 4 as the characteristic method of the fourth method of the invention Μ * (and used to achieve the following conditions for better cultivation, eight to reduce continuous cropping obstacles, pesticide pollution, groundwater, salt to the soil surface g / wood nitriding, etc., and to make plants more high quality , low-limoleic acid (preferred cultivation method-1) Referring to the pattern cross-sectional view of Fig. 16, in this aspect, a coagulation mechanism 63 (for example, a drip tube) is disposed on the surface layer of the earth soil 62, and is supplied to the earth soil 62 table. Alternatively, the nutrient solution will be transferred to the film 61 disposed thereon. The plant (4) will be transferred to the water and nutrients in the film 61 for growth. Water or nutrient solution may also be supplied to the earthworm 62 until the film 61 and the root portion When the integration is completed, the water supply or the nutrient solution is stopped after the root portion and the thin crucible 61 are integrated (closed). The irrigation mechanism for intermittently supplying water or nutrient solution may be disposed above the film 61 as needed. 66 (for example, a dropper). Because of the configuration The irrigation and sputum can be used as follows: The controlled amount of water or nutrient solution can be supplied to the plant cultivation support 64 (soil), so that the water or the fertilizer component which is ingested by the plant through the film is insufficient. When the root of the plant body is integrated with the film 61, the supply method, that is, the supply of water or nutrient solution to the earth soil 62 may be stopped, and water or nutrient solution may be supplied to the upper portion of the film 61. 122987.doc -55- 200820895 Further, an evaporation suppressing member 65 (for example, a covering material described below) which is permeable to water vapor or low in permeability can be disposed. Since the evaporation suppressing member 65 is disposed, the film 61 is evaporated to the atmosphere. The water vapor is condensed on the surface of the evaporation suppressing member 65 or the plant cultivation support 64 (soil), and is used as a water by the plant. Further, a fine mist spraying mechanism 67 may be disposed on the upper portion of the film 61 as needed ( For example, tube), $ rest spray water, raise) night or pesticide dilution. (Preferred Cultivation Method-2) In the fourth aspect of the present invention, when it is intended to reduce a specific component of the plant body (for example, nitrate nitrogen), it is generally preferable (to avoid accumulation of nutrients) The earth soil under the film is only supplied with water. Among them, it can be based on; to slightly add nutrients to the earth soil below the film. Adding nutrients to the underside of the film' (in the case of other conditions) and not under the film: Adding nutrients and &amp; 'There is a tendency for the film and the root to increase in degree of _ body. In the film and the root Before the end of the process, if the water is excessively added from the top of the film, the plant will absorb the easily available water on the film, so that the demand for obtaining moisture from under the film is reduced. As a result, there is a tendency that the root is difficult to integrate with the enamel film. Therefore, it is not preferable to add excess water from the top of the film before the roots and the film are integrated. On the other hand, after the root and the film - ± ^ . v ^ χ , -, the moisture/nutrient can be appropriately added from the top of the film. In the case of I, the main body, ±, and the case of "applying water/following from above the film", it is better for the main king to have the following aspects. Since the roots and the membrane _body # π ^ are formed in the phenotype, the roots can absorb water from the membrane 122987.doc -56 - 200820895 or nutrients, and the minimum required amount of water can be obtained for plant growth. If the root and the film are integrated, when the temperature rises due to the sun during the day, in order to prevent the evaporation of water, the pores of the leaf are closed, and the leaves are smeared, and the plant grows vigorously at night or in the morning without wilting. Therefore, there is no problem with the king. When water or nutrients are added from above the film, it is necessary to maintain the root and the film. If large water or nutrient solution is often supplied from above the film, the root will stop absorbing water or nutrient solution from the film, and only ingest water or nutrient solution supplied to the film. In this case, the formation of the roots and the film will be weakened, resulting in weakening of the roots from the film to absorb water or nutrient solution, or complete loss of absorption capacity. - Therefore, as described above, it is observed that the daytime leaf>weekly is very important, and if it is broad, it means that there is too much water or nutrient solution supplied from above the film. What kind of water or nutrient solution can be added from the t-side, which varies depending on the plant species or raw, ρ white &amp; and cultivation environment, but at least it must be avoided during the day when there is excessive water or nutrient solution on the film. That is, the water supplied to the φ ^ 莼 film after the evening should be consumed before the temperature of the sun rises, and the supply amount of the phase should not exceed the amount consumed. Especially during the day, :: There is a hole in the film, so it is necessary to avoid supplying water or nutrient solution to the film. The supply time of the water or the nutrient solution must be avoided. The supply amount and frequency may be determined according to the above restrictions depending on the /, the member growth stage and the cultivation environment conditions. (Advantages of the fourth aspect of the present invention) By using the cultivation method of the fourth aspect of the present invention having the above constitution, 122987.doc -57- 200820895 The roots of the soil (4) plant body are separated by the film 61, and will not be continuous with The contact with pathogens or nematodes of the cause of the damage, and even if the soil of the earth is contaminated by residual pesticides, plant pollution can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, even if salt accumulation occurs on the surface layer of the soil, it does not directly affect the growth of the plant because it does not directly contact the root. Even if it is necessary to supply the earthworms 62, it is limited to the initial stage of plant growth. Compared with the previous soil cultivation or nutrient cultivation, the supply is extremely insignificant, thus preventing groundwater pollution. Moreover, since the soiling of the earth soil 62 is restricted, and the earth soil 6 emirates 2 is covered by the enamel film 61, excessive moisture and dryness can be prevented from being repeated, resulting in accumulation of salt on the surface layer of the soil. In addition, since the water supply to the plants can be easily controlled, the quality of the plants can be improved in terms of higher nutrients such as sugar content. In the previous soil cultivation and nutrient soil cultivation, the fertilizer components supplied to the earth soil 62 were widely dispersed in the soil, and it was difficult to reduce the fertilizer concentration in the soil even in the final stage of cultivation. In the cultivation method of the fourth aspect of the invention, the 'the soil on the membrane 61 in which the plant body exists is very small', so that the nutrient solution supplied or the water to be removed is less than one, so that it can be used in the cultivation stage. From the supply of the nutrient solution to the supply of only water, the nitrate nitrogen remaining in the plant body is extremely easily reduced. (Fifth Aspect of the Invention) Hereinafter, a fifth aspect of the invention will be described. A plant cultivation system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a space is provided between the plant cultivation support above the thin mold and the evaporation suppressing member (covering member) disposed above the plant cultivation support, and is used In order to accommodate the I22987.doc -58-200820895 = water tank, the plant is cultivated on the film from the above-mentioned water tank to supply water or nutrient solution to the bottom surface of the film. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a plant cultivation system is provided which is provided with a plant cultivation support on a aponeurizing membrane. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a plant cultivation system is provided, which is based on a support member for plant cultivation. A water knife treatment inhibiting member is disposed on the fork body (covering according to the fifth aspect of the present invention), the plant cultivation system is capable of irrigating water or nutrient solution from the upper portion to plant cultivation. A plant cultivation system is provided which uses a non-porous hydrophilic thin crucible as the above-mentioned film. The plant cultivation system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is provided for film configuration. In the surface of the water, such as the liquid, the water is placed in the water, and the above-mentioned body plate is placed between the support member for plant cultivation and the plant growth support member. Plant cultivation system and plant cultivation method. The method of cultivating the method of cultivating the cultivating material according to the progress of the cultivation stage, ==, a pipette), the composition of the irrigating solution, and the change in the use interval and the irrigation interval. Sample 2 = 7 plant cultivation method, which is a change in the type or amount of the same light and artificial light at each cultivation stage. Also 9 Ait - silk group, through the arrangement of the water tank to make hot water or cooling water can be used to effectively warm or cool a small amount of liquid in the water tank. - 1 long space as a whole to carry out strict temperature. Humidity control is carried out 122987.doc -59 200820895 The plant cultivation system and cultivation method for plant cultivation can be carried out by the workmanship. (Effects of the fifth aspect) In the plant cultivation system and the plant cultivation method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention having the above-described configuration, in the plant cultivation, the root portion of the plant body is not locally present in a specific place on the thin raft, but is The hook is unfolded, so the plant grows well, and the root # can be concentrated in a specific place at the same time, so the root does not pierce the film. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the plant roots are densely attached to the roots of the plant, so that the root temperature of the plant body can be effectively controlled by heating or cooling the nutrient solution located under the film. Therefore, it is possible to carry out plant cultivation without performing strict temperature and humidity control on the entire growth space. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the plant cultivation system can be fully oxygenated in the root of the plant by using a film without immersing the root of the plant in the water tank. Therefore, because there is no need to apply dissolved oxygen to the nutrient solution, etc., it is necessary to recycle the nutrient solution from time to time, so that the amount of the nutrient solution and the like can be extremely reduced, and the equipment investment and the working capital are reduced. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a very small amount of soil can be used, and the non-contaminated soil is used in the second and second cultivation, so that the pesticide contamination of the soil and the salt to the soil (4) (4). early. Further, the amount of water and nutrients in the liquid and the like which are supplied to the film according to the present invention are extremely small, so that it is extremely advantageous in the effective use of the valuable water. . In the plant cultivation system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is extremely easy to cultivate by using a specific non-porous hydrophilic film of 122987.doc-60-200820895 in the plant cultivation system of the fifth aspect of the present invention. The plant is subjected to moisture stress control to make the plant of high quality. Further, in the plant cultivation system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when a specific non-porous hydrophilic enamel film is used, since the root of the plant does not directly contact the nutrient solution or the like under the film, even if the nutrient solution is affected by the pathogen Microbial and pathogenic bacteria are also contaminated by microorganisms and bacteria, so they do not come into contact with the roots, thus avoiding plant pollution. (Plant cultivation system) A plant cultivation system, a system for plant cultivation on a film surface or a film on water or a nutrient solution (a nutrient solution, etc.) and evaporation disposed above it. (4) The suppressing member is provided with a void having an air layer to carry out cultivation of the plant. Fig. 18 is a schematic view showing a basic aspect of a plant cultivation system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 18, the plant cultivation system of this aspect is provided with a gap of 8G between the plant cultivation support 74 and the evaporation suppressing member (covering member) 76. The disposed film 72 is a cover: a support member 75 of the evaporation suppressing member that suspends the evaporation suppressing member (covering member) 76. On the evaporation suppressing member (covering member) 76, a plant body planting hole 7 and a filling hole 7 8 for being capable of being filled by the filling mechanism 7 9 are provided. The holes may be domed or polygonal holes or may be slit shaped. ^ In other mechanisms that are thinly placed in the nutrient solution, the floating member may be placed on the floating member to carry the absorbent cloth composed of a non-woven fabric that supplies the liquid to the film.卜 122987.doc -61 - 200820895 It is also possible to arrange the water in the water tank 71 by means of a heating medium for adding a dish or a cooling liquid or the like 73 or a cooling medium. (Floating member) The material of the floating member is selected from materials that can float on the material. The thickness and the like are not particularly limited. Basically, the material on the liquid 73 can be used (that is, the specific gravity is smaller than the nutrient solution, etc.)

I want to know the mechanism that makes it easy to make the nutrient solution 73 in contact with the film. For example, the mechanism can be opened, for example, in the shape of a slit, such as a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, a star, or the like. Or!, considering the load on the film, it can also be floated on the liquid, etc. 73. Adjust the floating body in such a way that the level of the surface of the ocean body member is close to the surface level of the liquid, etc. 73. Buoyancy of components, etc. For example, the material of the body member is lighter, easy to form and low cost. It can be preferably used: general-purpose plastic foam such as polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or These plastic sheet products. (Non-porous hydrophilic film) A non-porous hydrophilic film can be used as the film which can be used in the first aspect of the present invention. The non-porous hydrophilic film which is particularly preferably used in the fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that it is a film which is "substantially-formed with the root of the plant body". In the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to "substantially integrate with the root of the plant body", for example, by the following "integration test". (The plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention) When the nutrient solution is supplied to the plant body through the non-porous hydrophilic film, the "restricted water supply" may be carried out through the film, and 122987.doc - 62- 200820895 The nutrients supplied by the waves are supplied to the plants. Regarding the specific components of the nutrients in the cultivated plant body (for example, 'there is a possibility of excessive intake of the animal in the body, the acid nitrogen and the like are necessary), considering that the plant body is composed of animals (also included in the invention) From the viewpoint of safety at the time of ingestion, it is preferable to limit the content of the "specific component" in the cultivated plant body to a certain level or less. For example, in view of the limitation of the content of the nitroso compound (generally considered to be carcinogenic), it is preferred to limit the content of the nitrate nitrogen in the plant body to a certain level or less. When the film is placed below the film (i.e., on the side of the reservoir) as a nutrient solution, and the nutrient is supplied to the plant through the film, in order to reduce the nitrate nitrogen of the cultivated plant, it is usually necessary to replace the nutrient solution with water at the final stage of cultivation. In the present invention having the above-described configuration, the nutrients/moisture required for the plants can be supplied to the "different paths", so that the nutrient/moisture can be supplied independently of each other (for example, according to the growth state of the plant body). optimization. In the present invention, for example, (to avoid concentration of nutrients) until the root of the plant body and the film are substantially integrated, the water is supplied from the liquid storage tank side (below the film) via the film, and on the other hand, at the root of the plant body and the film substance After sexual integration, nutrients and/or moisture can be appropriately supplied from above the film. In other words, the step of replacing the nutrient solution under the film at the final stage of cultivation with water from the viewpoint of reducing the nitrate nitrogen of the cultivated plant or the like may be omitted. Further, in the present invention, for example, water is disposed only from the lower side of the film (on the side of the liquid storage tank), and for example, a small amount of the nutrient solution is added to the substrate disposed above the root of the plant on the film, whereby the supply path of water and nutrients can be performed. Functional segmentation, 122987.doc -63 - 200820895 Limit the supply of fertilizer to a minimum. Thereby, the nitrate nitrogen in the plant can be lowered. Furthermore, in the second month of the month in which the water or the nutrient solution in the night trough is separated from the plant body by the thin clam, for example, the plant roots which are in contact with the film can be simultaneously provided by the base for the soil cultivation. Contact with the substrate. In this way, the buffering effect of the quantitative fluctuation or the concentration of the nutrient solution supplied from the film on the film is exerted, so that the control of the amount or concentration of the nutrient solution or the like becomes extremely severe, and the setting can be remarkably reduced (for example, the previous nutrient solution) In the cultivation, the cost of the facility required to control the amount or concentration of the nutrient solution. (Use of high-quality nutrient management technology - low content of specific ingredients) ------------- In the present invention in which the nutrient solution and the plant body are separated from the thin pot, as described above Since the composition, concentration, and enthalpy of the nutrient solution are extremely easy to adjust, adjustment of the following specific components can be easily performed. (1) Nitric acid nitrogen or leafy vegetables such as leeks contain petiole parts in their edible parts, and Φ has a higher concentration of shovel. When nitrate reacts with saliva, it becomes a sub-salt, and then forms a carcinogenic nitrosamine during digestion. Therefore, the content of nitric acid contained in vegetables is an important criterion for quality. In the liquid culture cultivation, it is usually possible to reduce the nitrate nitrogen content of the plant body by the supply of nutrient solution such as nitrate nitrogen supply before the harvest. (2) Oxalic acid: It is well known that the content of oxalic acid in slow-leaf vegetables is particularly high. Oxalic acid is not only known for its non-existing and ancient flavoring ingredients. It is also known as the urinary tract stone. It is known as the public. 122987.doc-64-200820895, so it is sought to be low in content. In the cultivation of nutrients, for example, it is possible to reduce the amount of oxalic acid by reducing the nitrate nitrogen in the nutrient solution (in which case there is sometimes a case of growth inhibition). y (Arrangement of the floating body member) In the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the force & degree of the non-porous hydrophilic film which can be disposed on the water or the nutrient solution with a chain strength can be as needed. The use of a floating body that floats on the water or nutrient solution: stronger than this, a good balance of mechanical strength and permeability of the film can be easily achieved. More specifically, in such a state, even if the non-ml film is swelled by water, the mechanical strength as the film itself is lowered, and the mechanical strength is also hunted by the floating member floating on the water or the nutrient solution. Strong' therefore can effectively suppress the possibility of unnecessary elongation or breakage of the film. Therefore, in the present invention, it is not necessary to regard the excessive mechanical strength of the non-porous hydrophilic film itself in water or a nutrient solution as a problem, and it is based on the effective characteristics of the film (for example, moisture in a nutrient solution, nutrient permeability) ), select the material, thickness, size and other film properties of the rut film. In other words, in the present invention, the range of property selection of the nonporous hydrophilic film is remarkably expanded. Further, in the aspect of the present invention using the floating member, when the water level of the water or the nutrient solution is lowered when the film is directly in contact with water or a nutrient solution, even if the film is elongated due to the weight of the plant body and the substrate, As the strength of the thin enamel is reduced, it will also be caused by the fluctuation of the water level of the water or the nutrient solution, so that the floating member can follow the water level of the water or the nutrient solution, so that the film can be substantially prevented from being oversized and heavy. Effectively prevent damage to the film. 122987.doc -65- 200820895 Further, when the floating member is composed of a heat insulating material (for example, foamed styrene), the water or the nutrient solution is surrounded by the heat insulating material, so that the water or the nutrient solution can be made small, so Heating and/or cooling can be performed more efficiently. (Oxygen supply-water/nutrient supply function division) In the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the plant root portion and the water or the nutrient solution (liquid containing the fertilizer component) are disposed in a non-porous hydrophilic film. Therefore, the roots of the plants are not directly in contact with water or nutrient solution. In other words, the oxygen supply to the plant and the supply of water and fertilizer components are in a state of better functional division. Therefore, in the present invention, the plant can effectively utilize the oxygen in the air, so that the problem of the previous liquid culture cultivation (that is, the problem caused by the direct contact of the plant root with water or the nutrient solution), that is, the oxygen to the root, can be easily solved. Strict management of supply, water or nutrient solution, contamination of water or nutrient solution from the roots, or contamination of plant pathogens by water or nutrient solution. Further, by using the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to easily achieve the water-suppressed state of the plant capable of cultivation, and to improve the quality of the plant. (Prevention of rot) In the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention having the above configuration, since the water or the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank is substantially sealed, oxygen cannot be supplied from the outside, and it is not allowed in water or nutrient solution. There is dissolved oxygen. Therefore, in the present invention, a substance which is useful for a plant such as a saccharide, an amino acid or an organic substance which has rot in the atmosphere is added to water or a nutrient solution without particular limitation, and can be hydrophilic by nonporous property. The film is supplied to the plant. In the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, for example, when the liquid storage tank and the floating member are constituted by 122987.d〇&lt;-66 - 200820895, the water is sealed by the heat insulating material and the film. status. Therefore, the water that is arbitrarily evaporated into the atmosphere from the storage is divided into the water-based milk by the plant through the membrane 2 in the majority of the water consumed by the substrate. In the present invention, it is possible to further suppress water consumption by covering the film with a cover film or a 2-inch member (e.g., a foamed polystyrene plate, etc.). ~ (warming or cooling) In the plant cultivation apparatus of the aspect of the invention having the above-described configuration, the water or the nutrient solution is coarsely mixed with the water and the nutrient solution, and is heated or cooled in the official compartment. Water or medium to effectively warm or cool the roots integrated with the film. Advantages of the Present Aspect As described above, according to the present invention, in the case where only water is used instead of the nutrient solution under the film, it is easy to greatly reduce the cultivation product by feeding a small amount and time-controlled nutrient solution from the film. Nitric acid nitrogen. Furthermore, since the material member can be placed on water or a nutrient solution, the mechanical strength of the hydrophilic film can be enhanced by floating on the water or the nutrient body member. The film has a good balance of mechanical strength and k } }. More specifically, even if the non-porous hydrophilic film is swelled by water, the mechanical strength of the film itself is lowered, and the mechanical strength is enhanced by the floating member on the water or the nutrient solution, so that it can be effectively suppressed. The film does not have the possibility of elongation or breakage. Therefore, in such an aspect of the invention of the present invention, the preferred film material can be selected based on the effective properties of the non-porous hydrophilic film (for example, the moisture in the nutrient solution and the permeability of the nutrient). , thickness, size, and other film properties. In other words, in the bear sample, the property selection range of the non-porous hydrophilic film is remarkably expanded: in the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention having the above configuration, the plant root and the water or the nutrient solution (liquid containing the fertilizer component) It is in a state in which it does not directly contact the oxygen supply to the plant body and the supply of the fertilizer component is better divided. Therefore, in the present invention, the plant can effectively utilize the oxygen in the air, so that the problem of the previous liquid culture cultivation can be easily solved, that is, the oxygen supply to the root, the precise management of the water or the nutrient solution, the water from the root or the nutrient solution. Pollution or water or nutrient solution to plant pathogens and other issues. Further, since the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention is used, it is extremely easy to achieve a water-suppressed state in a plant that has been cultivated, so that the plant can be made quality. Further, since the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention is used, it is possible to cultivate a very small amount of water and fertilizer components necessary for plants. Further, since the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention is used, it is possible to warm or cool the plant root ring at an extremely low cost. Further, since the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention is used, it is possible to easily supply a substance (for example, a substance useful for plants such as sugars, amino acids, and organic acids) which is difficult to use in plant cultivation due to rotability. To the plants. (Specific example of the cultivation apparatus of the present invention) (plant cultivation apparatus) 122987.doc • 68- 200820895 The plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention includes at least a liquid storage tank for containing water or a nutrient solution, and is detachable A non-porous hydrophilic film on water or a nutrient solution, and a mechanism for supplying water or a nutrient solution from above the film. Fig. 24 is a plan sectional view showing a basic aspect of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 24, the plant cultivation apparatus 1 (n, comprising a liquid storage tank 105 and a film 103 for providing or arranging water or nutrient solution and plant body) In the accommodating portion 丨, the film 103 is disposed on the water or the nutrient solution 1〇6 in the liquid storage tank 105. The plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention should have a mechanism for supplying water or a liquid solution from above the film i03, and The irrigation mechanism m (drip pipe, etc.) shown in Fig. 25 is the same. (Other aspects) Fig. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the plant cultivation apparatus 1〇1 of the present invention. In the middle, a floating body member 1〇4′ is disposed on the water or the nutrient solution 1G6; the water absorbing layer 1()7 is disposed on the floating body member HM; and the non-porous hydrophilic film 1()3, It is located on the water absorbing layer. By arranging such a water absorbing layer 1〇7, the following advantages can be obtained: It is possible to efficiently supply water or a nutrient solution to the nonporous hydrophilic film ι 3 disposed on the floating body member 104. In FIG. 25, 4 ocean body members 104' are disposed in all areas below the bottom of the housing portion 1〇2, but the present invention At least the local configuration is sufficient. The area of the floating bone member (10) hides the entire area under the bottom of the accommodating portion (10). When the water level of the water or the nutrient fluid fluctuates up and down, the floating member 10 can follow the fluctuation. The selection is made within the range. The ratio of the total surface sea of the evaluation/foreign member 104 to the surface of the non-porous hydrophilic film 103 carried on the floating member 104 is 122987.doc -69-200820895 is 10% or more. , push it to 30% or more, more preferably 5〇% or more 0 (other aspects of the floating member). You can also open more than one hole in the floating body ΐ/ΐ l element 104 as needed. Figure 45 shows an example of a slit-shaped hole such as 1 to I 1 j. Figure 46 shows a non-return hole. The hole may be a through hole of a Beton floating body member 1 〇 4 sub-direction, or The non-betonal hole can be obtained by reducing the fluctuation of the water supplied to the non-porous hydrophilic film 1〇3 by setting .^ ^ ^ 罝 such a hole. Further, It is also possible to obtain a more uniform distribution of the amount of water supplied to the thin, upper or nutrient solution on the surface of the film 103. / non-through hole) It is preferable that the film 103 is easily contacted with water or the nutrient solution 1 〇 6 = a through hole is formed in the surface of the body member 1 () 4 . In the aspect of the hole (for example, a slit or a groove-like non-through hole), it is preferable to extend the non-through hole to the end of the floating member 1〇4, from the end portion of the σ, water or raise The liquid 1G6 is easy to be immersed to the vicinity of the center portion of the floating body. In this case, it is better to provide a plurality of slits or even groove-like non-through holes 0 (the shape of the holes) along the ##### direction. The shape, size, number, etc. of the holes that can be placed on the floating body member 1〇4, and are particularly limited. The hole may be, for example, one or more holes of various shapes such as a mesh shape, a grid shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape, and a star shape. 45 and 46 show an example of the state after the opening of the floating member 1〇4. The ratio of the void area opened by the member 104 to the area of the floating body member (i.e., the sum of the hole areas in the surface of the floating body member HM / the total area of the surface of the floating member (10)) in the floating body 122987.doc -70-200820895 In terms of the balance between the supply of water and the like and the balance of the strength of the floating member 1〇4, it is preferably 9% or less, more preferably several % or less (especially preferably 50% or less, p, and floating) The ratio of the voids opened in the body member 1〇4 to the area of the floating body member 104 is preferably two or more, more preferably 3% or more (particularly preferably 5% or more). Referring to Fig. 25, in the aspect in which the water absorbing layer 1〇7 is used, the water absorbing layer 1〇7 can be dropped (impregnated) into the water of the liquid storage tank (9) or raised by the end portion of the floating body member 104. In the liquid 106, the water or the nutrient solution (10) is more smoothly supplied to the non-porous hydrophilic film 1〇3 via the water absorbing layer 1〇7. In this case, the width (i.e., plane) direction of the floating member 104 is considered. At the time of the plant body above the nonporous hydrophilic film 103, there is a tendency that the vicinity of the end portion of the floating member is usually raised. First, it is absorbed, so that the nutrient supply to the plant body near the center of the floating member (10) becomes less. As described above, 'the floating member i 〇 4 is opened with a mesh eye, a grid:: or a circle, In the L-shaped holes of various shapes such as elliptical, polygonal, and star-shaped, the chance of direct contact between the water or the liquid-feeding work 6 in the liquid storage tank i 05 and the non-porous hydrophilic film 1〇3 increases, so The effect of reducing the fluctuation of the amount of water or the nutrient solution supplied to the non-porous hydrophilic film 103 by 1 〇 6 is also used. When the above-mentioned water absorbing layer 1 () 7 is used, when the above-mentioned hole is provided, The water or the nutrient solution 1 in the liquid storage tank 105 is in direct contact with the water absorbing layer, so that the water supplied to the non-porous hydrophilic film 丨〇3 or the liquid is 122987.doc -71 - 200820895 The effect of the fluctuation of the amount of 106. (Preferred configuration of the hole), as long as the strength of the non-porous hydrophilic film (8) is not damaged by the floating member (10), the adjacent hole opened on the sub-body member 104 The shorter the distance between the ends 4 of the (void), the greater the effect. The ends of the adjacent gaps are connected to each other. The distance (&quot; Fig. 45, 闰-i Μ m 45 Fig. 46 is not the interval a) is better 〇〇ι ~ι〇〇cm, more preferably.. Bu (10) (especially good (10) 2. According to the need 'and considering the strength of the appliance 1〇1, the enhancement of the film 1〇3, etc.', other materials (for example, the same materials as the old tank) can be appropriately divided into the film 1〇3. Advantages of body member configuration) When the film 1〇3 is in direct contact with water or nutrient solution 106, when the water or nutrient: 106 is lowered, it may be due to the weight of the plant body (and depending on the case). The elongation of the film 1〇3 results in a decrease in film strength. When the film 1〇3 is in direct contact with water or the nutrient solution 1G6, the film 1G3 is usually inflated due to moisture absorption, and thus the film 103 is mostly more easily elongated (ie, , the mechanical strength is reduced) state. In this regard, in the aspect of arranging the floating body member 104, since the floating body member ι〇4 supports the film 103', the water level of the water or the liquid cultivating water fluctuates up and down, and the cultivation bed follows its fluctuation, and your domain is The load on the diaphragm 103 is reduced (or the load is substantially removed). (Floating member) The material, thickness, and the like of the sequence member 104 of the device 101 are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected from materials capable of floating on water or a nutrient solution (10) 122987.doc-72-200820895 ( That is, the material having a specific gravity smaller than water or nutrient solution )6) can be a water-based method as needed. As such a method, for example, the upper slit surface of the nutrient solution 1 to 6 which is easily contacted with the film can be formed with one slit or a circular or elliptical hole in the dirt member 1〇4. Μ ^ Holes, stars, and other shapes. Or, considering the thickness of the film # and the top, it may be in the state of floating on the water or the nutrient solution 106, and the surface level of the member 104 is close to water or nutrient solution. The surface position of 6 makes the taxi ^ the way of drought, and the buoyancy of the floating body member 104. For example, as the material of the floating member 104, it is preferable to use a foam of a general-purpose plastic such as polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene in terms of light weight, easy formability, and low cost. Or such a plastic sheet product. (The state surrounded by the heat-insulating material) In the case of the use of the heat-insulating material as the component of the water or the nutrient solution 1〇6, the edge water or the nutrient solution 1〇6 is made of the heat insulating material. Surrounded, the amount of φ water or nutrient solution 106 is smaller than that of the previous hydroponic cultivation, so that water or nutrient solution 1 〇 6 can be warmed or cooled more effectively. (Additional Mechanism) In the aspect of FIG. 25, an evaporation suppressing member 109 that prevents the substrate 108 and/or water vapor such as soil from passing through or has low permeability can be disposed above the film 1〇3 (for example, the following Cover material). By arranging such an evaporation suppressing member 109', water vapor evaporated from the film to the atmosphere can be condensed on the surface or matrix of the covering material, and it can be utilized as water by plants. Further, an irrigation mechanism U1 (for example, a dropper) for intermittently supplying water or nutrient for 122987.doc -73-200820895 may be disposed above the film 103 as needed. By arranging such an irrigation mechanism 111', there is an advantage that water or a nutrient solution can be replenished when the water or fertilizer component taken by the plant through the film is insufficient. Further, a temperature control mechanism 11 (for example, a tube for passing water or a mass) for heating or cooling water or a nutrient solution 106 may be disposed in water or a nutrient solution as needed. By configuring such a temperature control mechanism ιι〇, it is possible to control the temperature of water or nutrient solution to effectively adjust the temperature of the plant root ring above the film to promote growth. Further, according to (5), a fine mist spray mechanism U2 (for example, a pipe) is disposed on the upper portion of the accommodating portion 1{2) so that water, a nutrient solution or a pesticide diluent can be intermittently sprayed. Because it is equipped with such a fine mist spray mechanism], it can be obtained as k. It can use intermittent sprinkler irrigation, especially in summer, to reduce the temperature, and to dilute the water or raise the liquid to cool the environment. Pesticides, etc. In the configuration of Fig. 25, there is a spray of water or a liquid of the sap, and the configuration other than the above is the same as that of Fig. 24. (Cultivation method) In the present invention, the cultivation apparatus 101 having the structure of 〇^ / -k CQ R , H^ is more suitable for the cultivation of the combination of the sputum and the sputum. The following is a description of the cultivation method used in the present invention. (Integration of the cultivation method) In the present invention, the "integral" of the root portion and the film means (in the liquid storage tank) The peeling strength of water or nourishment and odor is: &gt; no matter whether it is raised or not, the root-film is called 2. The peel strength is more preferably 3 ^ or more, especially 122987.doc -74· 200820895 is preferably 4 g or more. The medium 106 in the measurement tank 1〇5 of the peeling strength (the water is removed or contained in the liquid or the liquid in the liquid storage) is the same as in the case of the cutting method. ^ / Confirmation of the material of the film (Preferred cultivation method _2) In the present specification, when it is necessary to reduce plant state nitrogen), basically, (the composition (for example, the diaphoric acid tank 105 only supplies water. Among them, according to the need ==, (Others are the same conditions) Compared with the case where no nutrients are added to the Γ.;::, there is a tendency to promote "one-mass mediation" of the film and the root (that is, considering that only the nutrient solution 105 is made 2 Water W The following film-to-root peel strength is 2 § or more, that is, the peel strength of the root portion from the peeling of the film 103 is increased. Before the "integration" of the root portion and the film 103 is promoted, it is pasted on the thin paste. The addition of water to 罝 has a tendency to cause the plant to absorb moisture which is easily ingested on the film (8), and does not take in moisture through the film 1〇3 (thus, the portion is difficult to integrate with the film 103, so the roots and the thin ones are invited - Until the body is formed, the situation of adding excess water from the film 103 is more On the other hand, when the root portion is integrated with the film 103, it is possible to apply moisture/nutrients from the film 1〇3, and it is preferable to apply the method of applying moisture/culture to the film. The present invention is directed to the following aspects. The root portion and the film 103 are integrated, so that the root portion can absorb water or nutrients from the film 103, and obtain the minimum required amount of water for plant growth. In the case where growth or addition of water or nutrients is also applied to the film 103, it is necessary to maintain the integration of the root portion with the film 103. That is, if excessive water is often present on the film 103, the root portion will stop absorbing water or nutrient solution through the film. Only the water or the nutrient solution supplied to the film 1〇3 is ingested. In this case, the root portion and the film 1G3 are weakened, so that the ability of the root to absorb water or the nutrient solution from the film 103 is weakened, or completely The absorption capacity is lost. That is, the most important use of the film 103 to suppress moisture in the present invention is not effective, and the high quality is suppressed. What kind of water or nutrient solution can be added from the film, The species or growth stage and cultivation----^ are the same but at least avoid excessive water or nutrient solution during the daytime sun exposure on the thin (4) 3. That is, the evening money is supplied to the thin, sickle. Before the temperature rises, the temperature on the film 103 is consumed, and the supply on the film 103 must not exceed the amount consumed. The reason is: the water demand of the plant is significantly stronger during the day than at night, and the less water on the film 103 during the daytime Therefore, the plant needs to take in water or nutrients through the film 1〇3, so that the body can be promoted and the water can be suppressed and the quality can be improved. Under the above conditions, water is used under the film 103 in the film. 3) Drip the nutrient solution to grow the plant body, and replace the droplets on the film ι〇3 with water before harvesting, thereby reducing the content of nitrate nitrogen and the like without reducing the growth and quality. . (Preferred cultivation method _2) Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 5 in which a film is disposed on the heat insulating material floating member 104 of the foam plate as a substitute 122987.doc-76-200820895 1〇3, which follows the fluctuation of the water or the nutrient solution 106, and always supplies the water or the nutrient solution 1〇6 to the non-woven fabric 1〇7. Further, in this aspect, the film 103 is in contact with the water or the liquid 1〇6 via the non-woven fabric 107. Further, in this aspect, the inside of the pipe 11G of the water-growth nutrient solution 1G6 surrounded by the liquid storage tank 105 and the heat insulating material represented by the foaming plate is disposed inside, and warm water or cold water is passed through. The water or nutrient 106 can be warmed or cooled. Further, in this aspect, the heat insulating material represented by the foamed sheet can function as the covering material 109 to prevent the water vapor evaporated from the film 1 () 3 from being lost in the middle and the middle. Further, in this aspect, the amount of controlled water or nutrient solution can be supplied to the substrate (soil!) 108 by disposing the drip tube 111 on the substrate (soil) 1 〇 8 in this aspect. A solution of a pesticide or a nutrient is added to the fine spray water pipe or the nutrient solution by the fine spray pipe 112 disposed in the upper part of the plant body. (Advantages of the Invention) By using the cultivation apparatus or the cultivation method of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the oxygen supply to the plant can be supplied, and the water or nutrients of the plant can be supplied and divided. The supply of oxygen to the roots, which is the biggest problem in previous liquid culture cultivation, is easily carried out in the air. Alternatively, water or nutrients are supplied to the plant via the film. (4) In the present invention, the degree of freedom in the management of the concentration, the pH value, and the like of the nutrient solution (10) is much larger than that of the previous nutrient cultivation. That is, in the present invention, the plant body is physically separated from the water or the nutrient solution 1 () 6 by the film, and the management of the water or the nutrient solution can be substantially unrelated to the plant body. In other words, it is extremely easy. 122987.doc -77- 200820895 Change the water or nutrient solution 1〇6 itself during cultivation, and manage the concentration or pH of water or nutrient solution. Further, according to the present invention, it is extremely easy to isolate the plant body from harmful fines in water or nutrient solution. In addition, the water that comes into contact with the film or the water knife that raises the night is greatly inhibited by the relative plants, so that the plant quality can be improved in terms of higher nutrients such as sugar content. As a film for plant cultivation purposes, it is desirable that the durability is not to be corrosive to microorganisms, and it is not limited by sunlight or artificial light, and is usually 300 μηι or less left. Especially good is 100~ 20 μιη The thickness of the above left film is also not particularly right, more preferably about 200 to 5 μηι right 0 (appliance, housing, reservoir) The shape, size of the housing 102 of the device 101 is even used to provide the accommodation. The material and thickness of the liquid storage tank 105 of the crucible are also not particularly limited, and it is considered

The plant fire of the cultivating month can be appropriately selected by various conditions such as the venting of the sputum, the internal volume of the stalk, the internal capacity of the stalk, the plant support (襄, etc.), and the water temperature. As the material of the liquid storage tank 105, it can be preferably used in terms of light weight, easy formability, and localization: general-purpose plastics such as polystyrene, polypropylene, and decene polyethylene, or such plastic foamed products. . (Water content of film) It can be inferred that ions as a fertilizer component are transmitted from the film side to the complex Φ, # /, and reach the film side on the opposite side. According to this mechanism, in the case of the January one, the nonporous hydrophilic film was subjected to ion permeation to increase the moisture content of the film by the water permeability of the film. In the following Example 15, the measurement was made thinner than the film of this example, due to the fact that the film was dyed. (Use the / Gu # ϊ, / and the resulting moisture content value is small). In the present invention, for example, by modifying (4) the lifting, the water or the fertilizer can be further enhanced. In this way, the film is modified to improve the moisture content by making the film more hydrophilic. For example, [Document: ρ·j., Fi-machi, "Two-Molecular Chemistry!", Showa Office August 2 The third edition of the third edition of the next day, the translation of the method: "Translator: Gang Xiaotian, Jinmao Jing Publishing House, λ Shan Co., Ltd., pages 38 to 47, pages 48 to 54, pp. 168 to 221] Further, a molecule containing a hydrophilic group such as a hydroxyl group (0 Å) is copolymerized. Further, as a surface modification method, for details, for example, [Document: "Plastic materials for electric and electronic materials", published: March 2002, T〇ray_Research_ Center, pp. 47-77]. (Ion-based introduction of a film) An ion-absorbing fertilizer component in which a plant is dissolved in water. For example, nitrogen, one of the fertilizer components, is absorbed by plants in ammonia nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen, but it is easy to absorb which components vary from plant to plant. Previously, the balance of ammonia nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen was changed as a fertilizer. In the system of the present invention, for example, ions in a nutrient solution can be made difficult to permeate or easily permeate by introducing an ion group having a charge into the film. For details on the introduction of an ion group into the film composition, for example, [P: J. Flory, "Polymer Chemistry I", 9th edition, 3rd edition, August 20, 40, Showa, Translator: Gang Xiaotian, Jinmao Jing Press, Maruzen shares 122987.doc -79- 200820895 Co., Ltd., pages 38~47, 48~54, 168~22ι page] As a method of surface modification, the details can be found, for example, in [Documents: "Plastic Materials for Electrical and Electronic Applications", published in March 2002, Toray-Research-Center Co., Ltd., pp. 47-77]. (Method for Producing Container) The method for producing the plant cultivation device according to the above configuration is not particularly limited. For example, the plant holding substrate and the plant body may be disposed in the container, and at least the film may be contacted with water or a fertilizer solution, and cultivated. The plant body. (Control of the root ring temperature) — 纟|Mingzhong' can be adjusted to the temperature of the liquid (for example, water or nutrient solution) that is in contact with the root of the plant by controlling the temperature of the membrane. (or even integrated) the temperature around the root, ie the root ring temperature. In this way, it is easy to control the plant root ring temperature in a precise and energy-saving manner compared to the previous method of indoor heating/cooling control of a greenhouse or the like. Φ In the present invention, it is particularly easy to control the root ring temperature because the root portion of the plant body is densely packed or integrated with the film. In addition, in the system of the present invention, since the amount of water or nutrient solution capable of heating or cooling is extremely small, it is not necessary to perform the operation of dissolving oxygen in the nutrient solution, or the water or the nutrient solution in the cultivation bed, as in the previous cultivation of the liquid culture. It does not directly contact with the outside air and is in a sealed state. Therefore, the heat preservation effect is excellent, and the overall heating and cooling can be effectively performed, and the superiority in energy cost is extremely high. (Composition of each part) Hereinafter, the constitution of each part of the cultivation method of the present invention will be described in detail in the case of 122987.doc-80-200820895. For such a configuration (and even a function), all of the following documents (e.g., "Detailed Description of the Invention", "Example", etc.) of the present inventors can be referred to as needed. (1) WO 2004/064499 (2) 曰 Patent Patent No. 2006-71665 (applied March 15, 2006) (3) Japanese Patent Patent No. 2006-171 866 (applied on June 21, 2006) Hereinafter, the present invention will be more specifically described by way of examples. EXAMPLES The experimental methods used below are as follows except for the above. &lt;Measurement of pH value&gt; The pH value was measured by the following pH meter. The sensor portion of the pH meter corrected with the standard solution (pH 7.0) was immersed in the solution to be measured, and gently shaken without the body 'waiting for the value to be stable' to read the value displayed on the LCD (liquid crystal) display portion. &lt;Measurement of Brix%> ^ Brix% measurement was carried out using a sugar meter (refractometer) described below. The measurement solution was sampled with a dropper, dropped into the 稜鏡 portion of the saccharometer, and the value of the LCD was read after the measurement. &lt;Experimental Apparatus, etc.&gt; 1·Usage Apparatus and Apparatus 1) Screen tray device: The screen has a radius of 6.4 cm (bottom area: about 130 cm2) 2) Foamed styrene cultivation box: size 55x32x 1 5 cm, etc. 3) On-board electronic balance: Max·1 Kg, Tanita (share) 122987.doc 81 · 200820895 4) Spring-type balance: Max·500 g, Yasui Jingheng Institute (shares) 5) Small scales: Postman 100, Maruzen ( 6) Conductivity meter: TwinCond B-173, Horiba Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 7) pH meter: pH PAL TRANSInstruments, Gunze industry (shares), portable pH meter (TwinpH) B-212, Horiba (stock) 8) Brix (Refractometer): PR201, Atago (shares) 2. Materials used (soil) 1) Super MixA ··Water is about 70%, mixed with trace fertilizer, Sakataseed (shares) 2) Rockwool fiber ··Cultivated granular Mian 66R (fine grain), Nitto Spin (share) 3) Insect to Stone · TypeGS, Nittai Co., Ltd. (film) 4) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA): Aile Chemical (share), thickness 40 μηι 5) Biaxially extended PVA: BOVLON, Sakamoto Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 6) Hydrophilic polyester · DuPont (share), thick 12妗111 7) Transmissive cellophane: (film for the production of scented fabric) (Tokyu HANDS (share)) 8) Cellophane: Ericun Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., thickness 35 μιη 9) Microporous polypropylene film ··ΡΗ-35, Germany Mountain (stock) 10) Non-woven: シ10k U 7 (Ultra-fine fiber non-woven fabric), Asahi Kasei (stock) (plant seedlings) 11) Red lettuce: Redfire, Takii seedlings (shares) (fertilizer) 12) Original liquid flower treasure · ·Huabao Jap an (share) 13) Otsuka Greenhouse No. 1, No. 2, No. 5 · Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd. (Other) 122987.doc -82· 200820895 14) Salt of Bofang: Bofang Salt Industry Co., Ltd. 1 5) Glucose: glucose 1 〇G, esnA (strand) Example 4-1 (one of the root and film deuteration phenomenon) The effect of the fertilizer concentration on the integration of the root and the film was analyzed. The effect was compared with the use of Huabao 100-fold dilution, chest thinner (four), and water (tap water) as a liquefaction. About 300 ml of vermiculite or rock wool fiber is placed on the non-porous hydrophilic film (PVA) of about 20 cm x 20 cm. In the soil, two red geranium seedlings (more than one leaf) were planted as plant seedlings. There are six types of systems: two kinds of soils and three types of nutrient solution. The amount of nutrient solution was 3 ounces of soil on the film (pvA) and about 2 cm thick. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using natural light. The temperature during cultivation is 〇~25〇c, and the humidity is 5〇~9〇% rh. The amount of water evaporation and the EC value of the nutrient solution were measured after U days and 35 days after the start of cultivation. On the 35th |, as described above, the "peeling test" as a standard for the integration of the root and the film was carried out. The above experimental conditions are summarized as follows. 1. Experiment 0 film: 40 μιη PVA (爱丝乐化学) 2〇〇χ2〇〇瓜(五) 2) Seedling: Red lettuce seedlings (more than 1 leaf) 3) Soil: vermiculite (fine grain), Rockwool fiber 6611) Liquid, water, palladium treasure solution, 1 〇〇 diluted aqueous solution, 1 (10) 〇 diluted aqueous solution 5) Fastener: Screen and sieve device 6) Placement · · Greenhouse (no temperature and humidity control) 122987.doc •83- 200820895 Method of inspection · Place 150 g of worm to stone (gong 7 3 〇 / 4rL · 0, dry weight 40 g) or 200 g rock wool fiber on the screen (200x200 mm) (Water 79%, dry tongue Λ', '0 illusion, plant 2 seedlings. Place the sieve in a tray containing g300 g of nutrient solution or water to make the film and the nutrient solution or Water contact, cultivation of seedlings 8) Cultivation period · October 29 to December 4 The results obtained by the above experiment are shown in Table 1. EC: before and after the addition of liquid fertilizer &lt;Table 1&gt;

Experiment No. 1-3 2-1 2-2 Experimental conditions Membrane Seedlings Water rate One ^ Soil I release I Soil I thin one fertilizer

(g) Quantity - Hair Steaming I Multiple 蛭 Leaf | Bencao 401 Red Strain 2 | Each I Tablet I Water I Times 00 | Times Fli Rock 2. One Water One Experimental Results 3 5 1 1 3 Fertilizer

I No. I (g) Quantity tloul ^3- Leaf i Stem j 07,01 .4 3J13/3I4.:· 05.01 10.18:

10 V 24 22 5 _^3/3.·τ 24 23 64 ?|微|.52 -6

142091 I two two OJ

(Description of experimental results) 260 It can be seen from Table 1 above that compared with the case of using water under a film, the use of the nutrient solution not only significantly enhances plant growth, but also significantly increases the strength of the root and the film. It shows that the plant absorbs not only water but also the fertilizer components via the film. Further, it is considered that in order to effectively absorb water and a fertilizer component through the film, the root portion must be strongly adhered to the surface of the film, and as a result, the root portion is integrated with the film 122987.doc -84 - 200820895. Example 4-2 (Salt Permeation Test) The salt permeation test of various films was carried out in accordance with the above &lt;film salt/water permeation test&gt; method. The film is six kinds of PVA, B〇VL〇N (biaxially stretched Μ), hydrophilic poly _, cellophane, PH_35, ultrafine fiber non-woven fabric (... y 7). The results obtained by the above experiment are shown in Table 2. &lt;Table 2&gt; Saline side EC (dS/m)

Water side EC (dS/m) 曰PVA water BOVLON water hydrophilic polyester water cellophane water PH-35 water non-woven water 0曰0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 〇9 1曰3.7 1 3.8 4.2 0.2 3 8 2曰4.5 ________ 1.8 4.5 4.7 0.2 4 fx 3曰4.8 2.2 4.8 4.7 0.2 4 R 4曰4.8 2.7 ___4,8 4.8 0.2 4.8 (Description of experimental results) For the six kinds of films, the salt permeability is larger, which is ultra-fine fiber non-woven fabric (シ10k) ), PVA, hydrophilic polyester, and cellophane. The smaller the salt permeability is BOVLON. The salt permeability is not confirmed to be a microporous polypropylene film (PH-35). Considering that it can be preferably used in the present invention. From the viewpoint of salt permeability of the film, it is understood that the microporous polypropylene film (PH-3 5) is less suitable. 122987.doc -85- 200820895 Example 4-3 (glucose permeation test) According to the above &lt;glucose permeation test&gt; method, Glucose permeation tests were carried out for various films. The films were PVA, BOVLON (biaxially stretched PVA), cellophane, cellophane, and PH-35. The results obtained by the above experiments are shown in Table 3.

122987.doc 86- 200820895

Λε^ν BOVLON Sugar ON OS inch — O) inch · 00 inch · Bu inch · Bu vn inch · BOVLON Water system 〇ο o 〇oo ο 〇 (NO to g 〇 οο inch · O) inch · Os inch · 00 inch · Os o\ 〇 〇 oooo ο oo soaked cellophane Ο) — m 00 (N VD (N VO CN CN VO (N (N immersed cellophane water system 〇τ-Η (N (N m inch (N (N ( (N ( (N ( (N ( (N ( (N ( rn rn oo (N VO &lt; N (N &lt; N \〇(N (N in (N glass paper water system ο cn (N CN c4 inch (N ^T) &lt;N (N \D (N (N PVA sugar system ON - οο CO CN ▼ - H rn 00 (N 00 (N Ό VO PVA water system ο 〇 \ o cn r —H ϊ&gt; tH 00 1&quot;H (N (N (N m CN inch &lt;N S1 ο 23.5 36.5 47.5 60.5 71.5 00 95.5 119.5 122987.doc -87 200820895 (description of experimental results) PVA in 5 films, The glucose permeability of cellophane and soaked cellophane is good. The glucose permeability of BOVLON is almost impossible to confirm. Moreover, the permeability of the four 35 is completely unobservable. Based on the results, it can be seen that the glucose permeability is better. this invention Cellophane film is a Μ Example 4 - 4 (Water pressure resistance test)

As described above, the water pressure resistance test by cmH2〇 according to JIS Ll〇92 (B method). Test, 200 water pressure resistance 200 or more 200 or more 200 or more 200 or more 0 (Experimental results) Film type PVA film (40 μηι)

Biaxially extended PVA (BOVLON) Cellophane hydrophilic polythene ultra-fine fiber non-woven fabric (depicted by experimental results) ^ *Good water-based (four) material tree μ important (four) is that the water under the film absorbs the thin film through the thin impregnation The water of the money or raises, / = the result is that the plant does not need to raise the liquid 'to prevent the integration of the root and the film, while preventing the transplant of the frozen red, the 汍- biology, ',, the field halogen Plants caused by viruses are infected. According to the present, -, 0ΓΑ 1 , the water pressure resistance of the enamel film ‘., 2 is not suitable as a film which can be preferably used in the present invention. As shown in the above Examples 4_1, 2, and 4.3, it can be seen that the film having the salt and the grape 122987.doc-88-200820895 is preferably permeable to the water and has better water resistance, and is limited to PVA, cellophane, For the first time, the non-porous hydrophilic film composed of a material such as hydrophilic polyester is integrated with the film by the non-porous hydrophilic film. Example 4-5 Two sets (sink A: length 13 m and sink B: length 4.5 m) were prepared in an artificial light greenhouse (illuminance 4000 Lux) of >jhl2〇C, and the inner diameter was 15 cm. A foamed styrene water tank having a diameter of 46 cm is used as the K-groove 3 of Fig. 18, and a waterproof ethylenic resin layer is attached to the inner side, and an EC2.5 dS/m nutrient solution is injected into the water tank a (by the Prepare the standard mixture of greenhouses i, 2, and 5, Datun Chemical (shares) until the depth reaches 7 cm, in the water tank B> the main tap water below EC0.1 dS/m until the depth reaches 7 em until. In the upper part of each water tank, as shown in Fig. 18, two drip irrigation pipes are arranged in the direction parallel to the length of the water tank at the position of 7·5 em on both sides of the water tank (Unilaml7 manufactured by Tengfen Company, inner diameter.: 14·6 mm, outer diameter: 17 〇mm, dripping amount: ul/hour, dripping: 15 cm interval). 1 曰 1 time for 30 seconds, from the sink a drip irrigation pipe drip supply EC1.5 dS / m of the nutrient solution (made by the standard mixture of No. 2, No. 2, No. 5 of Otsuka Greenhouse, Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) ), tap water from the sink B to supply tap water (about 8 ml / seedling / day) of EC 0.1 dS / m or less. Prepared on the underside of a foamed styrene frame (2 〇m thick) with an outer diameter of 45 cm, an outer diameter of 60 em and an outer diameter of 8 cm, followed by a width of 45 cm and a length of 60 cm. The tray of acrylic sheet with a thickness of i mm, 122987.doc •89· 200820895 As the boat tray of Figure 2. A circular hole (12 pieces) having a diameter of 2 cm was drilled at an interval of 1 〇 em on the acrylic plate on the bottom surface. The layered spacer 7 of Fig. 2 is provided on the above-mentioned ship tray with a width of 6 〇cm and a length of 75 (^11&gt;^"film (thickness 仞, ΜβΜ〇ι (manufactured))) A non-woven fabric (width 41 cm, length 56 cm) was placed on the Hymec film as a plant cultivation support 8. On a foamed styrene board with a width of 41 cm, a length of 56 cm and a thickness of 2 em, as shown in Fig. 2 Two irrigation slits 1〇 with a width of 2 cm and a length of 50 cm as shown in Fig. 2 and three plants (both ends and center) with a width of 2 cm and a length of 50 cm are shown at equal intervals. The cultivation slit 109 is used to form the evaporation suppressing member 109 of the present invention. The foamed styrene evaporation suppressing member is provided on the plant cultivation support on the ship tray. The germinated small pine seedlings in the nursery room ( Two weeks after germination, the plant cultivation slits were planted on the above-mentioned boat tray at a distance of 15 melons.) The boat tray for cultivating the above seedlings was inserted from the end of the water tank A, and drip irrigation was carried out at the Erlugen point. The above-mentioned rhyme tray is set in the manner of arranging the slit 1 正 directly under the regulation. At the end of the sink A, the ship-type tray for cultivating the seedlings is sent out one by one. The opposite side of the insertion side of the (four)_sink A is set from the first tray from the sink At, and the following settings are made. It takes time to move from the insertion side end to the opposite side end on the water tank A and Komatsu Lai grows the tray from the sink A, and then plays it from the end of the water tank B. The irrigation slit is arranged directly below! 重复 Repeat the same operation for one tray. 122987.doc 200820895 On the 7th day from the initial tray setting in the water tank B, the tray reaches the opposite side end of the insertion side of the water tank b. On the 7th, the tray which moved to the opposite side of the insertion side on the water tank B was picked up from the water tank B, and the cultivated Komatsu was harvested. The nitrate nitrogen of the Komatsu harvested from the water tank B was quantified, and the result was 1500 ppm. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the small nitrogen of the sylvestre sylvestre sinensis was obtained from the sink eight, and the result was 7200 ppm. It was confirmed that the plant cultivation system and the cultivation method of the present invention can make the plant Continuous cultivation and labor saving And can reduce the harmful nitrogen in the plant body. Example 7-1 1) Test method: In a simple greenhouse, the width of the soil is 1 m, the length is lm, and the thickness is 5〇. Μχη polyethylene film (Dakuragong ' - - · -... industry (know)) and on it &amp; and a width of 6Q Cm, a length of 1 m of water absorption layer (SR-130, Mebiol (share) The nozzle of the 1 自动 automatic irrigation device was placed on the surface of the water absorbing layer at intervals of 2 〇 cm on both sides of the water absorbing layer, and a nonporous hydrophilic film (Hymec film having a thickness of 65 _ (Mebi film) was placed thereon. 〇1 (shares))). On the film, a Super Mix A (Sakataseed) of 2 cm depth was placed as a soil, and a nozzle of a 1 自动 automatic irrigation device was placed on the soil. On the 3 pm silver plastic cloth (manufactured by Tosho Co., Ltd.) as a cover film, six holes of the imprint were drilled at intervals of 15 cm for seedling and covered with soil. As a comparison, in a water tank with an inner diameter of 45 cm, a length of im, and a depth of 12 to 18 cm, 3〇l of a nutrient solution was added, and a non-porous hydrophilicity was set. 122987.doc •91 - 200820895 film (thickness) It is a 65 μm Hymec film (Mebiol). Super Mix A (Sakataseed) with a depth of 2 cm was placed on the film as a sound soil, and a nozzle of an automatic irrigation device was placed on the soil. On a 30 μηι silver plastic cloth (manufactured by Tosho Kosei Co., Ltd.) as a cover film, six X-imprinted holes were drilled at intervals of 15 cm for seedling cultivation, and covered with soil. The seeds of red lettuce (Sakataseed) were grown in the seedlings of the leaves in a ceU tray, and then planted in 6 holes on the cover film. The initial irrigation was started and cultivation was started. . Automatic watering device: automatic water supply timer EY4200-H (Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd.) Cultivation method: After planting, the nutrient solution is supplied to the film by the nozzle of the automatic irrigation device at a ratio of 2 〇〇 to 3 〇〇 ml/day. The water absorption layer below. Irrigation (nurturing) of the upper part of the membrane was carried out using an automatic irrigation device in conjunction with the comparative control. The amount of irrigation (nurturing) of the upper carp is about 2 ml per seedling. During the cultivation period, the seedlings start for one month.

The liquid culture and the use EC are 1.2, and the mixture of 0.6 g/L 冢 冢 greenhouse i and 〇·9 g/L 琢 琢 greenhouse No. 2 i L mixed nutrient solution is mixed with 〇〇 3 g 冢 greenhouse. 2) Test results: The total weight of 6 small pine seedlings at i months after planting, as shown in Table 1, when using σ and water-based materials under non-porous hydrophilic film, it was 143.6 g, and used When comparing the control tank, it is 163·5 g 〇122987.doc -92- 200820895 &lt;Table 4&gt; The amount of nutrient used under the film _(L) | The amount of upper irrigation (U leaf stem weight (g) is used Water absorption / J»· rQ I, txl ✓ _ * 1 8 --- ^ /__ 3.5 _νΛ7 1 /__ 143.6 Using the sink (comparative) 30 3.5 163.5 Harvesting is about 1% lower than the sink type, but no The amount of nutrient solution used under the porous hydrophilic film is about 1/4 compared with that of the water tank type. Example 3-1 1) Test method In a simple greenhouse, the length of the soil is 4 〇χ in the soil in the greenhouse. 3 〇χ / wood 10 cm hole, the nozzle of 2 automatic irrigation devices is placed on the surface of the hole, and a film is placed thereon. The Super MixA (Sakataseed) of 2 em depth was placed on the film as a guest soil, and the nozzles π of the two automatic irrigation devices were placed on the squatting soil. On the silver plastic cloth (made by East Can, Manufacture (Sales)) as a cover film, six holes marked with a mark are placed at intervals of 15 〇 111 for planting and covering the soil. Prepare 2 seedlings. Han film placed on the soil, using the following two kinds of Hymec film (Mebi〇1 (stock)) with a thickness of 65, and a polyethylene film with a thickness of about 5 使 to make red radish (Sakataseed) The seeds of (s)) were grown in a trough tray to a seedling of 1 to 2 pieces of the leaf, and then planted in 6 holes on the cover film for initial irrigation and cultivation. Automatic clarifier · Use automatic water supply timer EY4200-H (Panasonic Electric Works). After the "cultivation method, after the planting field", the nutrient solution was supplied to the soil in the greenhouse under the film by the nozzle of the automatic injecting device at a ratio of W-days at 7:00 pm. ^After the week 122987.doc -93- 200820895 Stop the irrigation of the soil in the greenhouse and use the automatic irrigation device to start the irrigation of the upper part of the membrane (nuclear). The amount of irrigation (nurturing) in the upper part is 10 ml per seedling. The cultivation period is one month from the planting of the seedlings.

Nutrient solution: The EC was used as 1.2' and mixed with 0.03 g of Otsuka Greenhouse No. 5 in a mixture of 0.6 g/L Otsuka Greenhouse No. 1 and 0.9 g/L Otsuka/Wind to No. 2 L. 2) Test results After the lettuce seedlings were planted, the soil in the greenhouse under the film was continuously incubated for one week. As a result, the system using the Hymec film grew well, but the system using the polyethylene film almost died. For the well-developed film system, the film was stopped for irrigation after 1 week, and the film was replaced with irrigation (nurturing) for continuous cultivation for a month, and the result was the growth of the stems of the 6 seedlings. The total reached 58·6 g. It is understood that the Hymee film as a non-porous hydrophilic film covers the earth soil, and the plant can grow well even if the film insulates the plant roots from direct contact with the earth soil. Further, the soil of the earth under the film was continuously irrigated for one week, and as a result, the root of the lettuce was adhered to the Hymec film, and the integration of the root and the film was observed, and a large amount of root hair was confirmed. Further, it has been found that even if the soil is stopped for one week after planting, it is good to grow by dripping only a very small amount of nutrient liquid H from above the medium. It is generally believed that the reason why the micronutrient drip seedlings can grow well is that, as described above, the roots and the film are body-formed to produce numerous root hairs. On the other hand, in the case of polyethylene film, after planting, the cause of the death of 周4 is due to the fact that the water supplied to the earth soil is 122987.doc -94-200820895 and the nutrients are blocked by the film, and the roots cannot be carried out. absorb. Moreover, it is a coincidence that the roots are not (4) on the poly(4-) film, and it is impossible to confirm that the roots are integrated with the thin field. Example (6-5) In the cultivation using a non-porous hydrophilic film, in order to increase the yield of the root-blocking film, the root portion of the film is not biased toward the thin portion of the film, and To increase the number of roots tested. In order to supply air (= gas) to the root, a space is provided on the substrate, or a hole and a slit are provided in the evaporation member (covering material). 1 (1) Test 1) Greenhouse test condition light. Fluorescent lamp (white 40w Toshiba) 6 pieces / shed temperature: 2 (Tc C〇2: no control to turn on the light: 4: 〇〇~u: 〇〇 off light :22 : 〇〇~4 : 〇〇2) Cultivation test sink and seedling tray, size 34x54x8 cm film · Hymec 40 (Mebi〇l (share)), 54x74 cm Kibe · 25S (non-woven, Mebiol) , MC-1 (Peat moss-based bauxite, and Mi-Yi industry), support member for hair growth suppression (covering material) support: square frame evaporation suppression member (covering material) made of vinyl chloride tube (diameter 13 mm) : Black and white cover film (Dakura Industry 122987.doc -95- 200820895 (share)), foam board (Esrene plate cultivation board thickness 10 mm (shuishui finished product industry)) in the center of the length direction of 32x52 cm 1 〇mm slit (7 cm, 4 cm from the end) and 15 cm spacing to puncture the cultivating hole of 15 ππηΦ (distance from the end n cm (length), 8·5 cm (short)) Seedling: Komatsu (Mincho 2 No., Yokohama Umaki (stock)) 20th seedlings after sowing: Taigao greenhouse No. 1 and No. 2 standard prescription (Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) , EC=2.5, 1〇l Plenty: water, drip tube (Dripen company (Israel spring added 1 〇L in the tray, so that the film floats, the substrate is placed on the film. In the case where the substrate is adhered to the evaporation suppressing member (covering member), a black-and-white cover film is used as the covering member. In the case where a space is provided between the substrate and the evaporation suppressing member (covering material), a foamed plate as a covering material is used. It is placed on the frame of the vinyl chloride tube. Six small pine seedlings are planted on each tray from the hole and the slit of the covering member, and placed in the artificial light shed for cultivation. A dropper was placed on the slit, and 5 ml per plant was irrigated at a frequency of 1 to 3 times per day. (2) Results Table 4 shows the case where the non-woven fabric 25S and the soil were adhered to the covering member as a substrate, and the setting was made. In the case of voids, the harvest weight (g) of the 6 trays and the number of the roots pierced the number of trays under the same conditions. The harvest weight and the number of penetrations of the roots * The mark indicates the presence of root penetration 122987.doc -96 - 200820895 <Table 5&gt; Amount (g) (6 strain)

The sample, from the film ZZ55s (5Zl-97-200820895 gap, so that it has an air layer 'from this harvest to increase the amount of harvest is another matter), is also completed; = part through the situation. ...The film caused by the root # according to the above results, the root assembly needs to be covered by the roots in the case of the roots, but in the case of the lack of sputum, but the milk is concentrated in the thin end (wall), the root becomes uneven, and 彳Λ ^ & into the texture of the #膜. On the other hand, it can be seen in the base. Further, the gap: the oxygen is supplied to the root portion, and the entire film is formed, and the bucket is not generated locally, and the film does not penetrate due to plant growth and roots. (6-6) In the cultivation of plants using a nonporous hydrophilic film, in order to increase the yield in the state where water stress is applied, it is important to increase the number of roots. The following test was carried out in order to increase the roots by the roots of the root diameter of 100 μπι (1 root, 2 roots...) and the root hair of ι〇 μπι. In order not to bias the root portion to a part of the film, the amount of irrigation is increased by irrigating the entire soil. As for the method of increasing the root hair, the irrigation interval can be set to be 3 to 7 day intervals to supply oxygen to the root. 1)Test container··Plastic container, size 20x13x5.5 cm Nutrient··Dayu Chemical (share) Daxie Greenhouse No.1 and No.2 standard prescription, EC=2, water 600 ml film·· Hymec film thickness 40 pm (Mebiol (share)), 22x30 cm soil: MC-U and Mi industry (shares) 500 ml (depth 2 cm) 122987.doc -98 - 200820895 Covering · Black and white covering (Dakura Industry Co., Ltd.) Irrigation: Otsuka Chemical ( Stock) standard prescription, nourishing EC=2, water seedling: Komatsu (Mingcai No. 2 (Yokohama planting wood (share))) 16 曰 artificial light and fluorescent light after sowing (white 〇 4〇w (Toshiba) Illumination is about 5000 Lx Test period: 12 · 1 5~1.12 (2 8) 2) Test conditions <Table 6>

Note: The situation of the liquid-fed irrigation is framed outside the frame. When water is irrigated, no frame (unit: mL) is added to the barn. Add 600 ml of nutrient solution to make the film float. Place 500 ml of the soil on the film, add the nutrient solution or water at the beginning of the 16 〇 ml, and plant the Komatsu vegetable field. A gap is formed in the black-and-white film, and the soil around the seedling is covered, and the container is cultivated on the artificial light shed. 3) Results The results of harvesting after 4 weeks of cultivation are shown in Table 5, and the photograph of the roots observed on the inside of the ν〇·2 film is shown in Fig. 23. &lt;Table 7&gt;

No. Below the nutrient irrigation stems and leaves ♦ Quantity (g) 1 Hydrotrophic fluid 15.2 (57, upper ^ 丄 / 〇 / 53 - 2 Nutrient liquid 2937 ΪΤ 57 3 Nutrient water 26.7 (100) D _ 3.1 () The value is the value of water (irrigation) / nutrient solution (below) at 1 。. 122987.doc -99- 200820895 4) The description of the experimental results makes the liquid below the membrane a 10% nutrient solution. Further, the lower portion of the film was made into a water-shaped yield so that the film was under the film. Based on this result, it was shown that the thin fruit was very large. The yield of irrigation is only increased compared with the irrigation of water, and the effect of the nutrient solution under the membrane on the surface of the membrane from the upper part of the membrane for irrigation of the nutrient solution on the growth of the water from the film can be observed from the inside of the film of Fig. 46. The observed roots are large, and the roots are all attached to the whole film, and the results of Example 5 are combined: Considering that it is effective to intermittently fill the roots. Further, a Brix value indicating the amount of the photosynthetic product such as sugar accumulated in the plant by water stress is obtained. Example (2-1) (Test for reducing nitrate nitrogen in the cultivation of Komatsu with a non-porous hydrophilic film) 1) Cultivation method Cultivation bed: A 30 mm thick Esrene plate was placed on a high bench (bead foaming) Polystyrene board, Sekisui Chemicals Co., Ltd.) is made into a box with a width of 9〇em&gt;&lt;28 m in length and 12 cm in depth. In order to make the tank a sink, a polyethylene film (a polyethylene film for agriculture) is laid inside. Add nutrient solution until the depth reaches about 5 cm. A nonporous hydrophilic film (Hymec film (thickness 40 μηι), Mebiol) was hung on the outside of the water tank. Substrate · A non-woven fabric 25S (Mebiol) was placed on the Hymec film as a substrate. Dripper: Place a drop of about 30 m on the substrate at a distance of 1 〇 cm. 122987.doc -100- 200820895 Dropper (drops of 1.05 L/hr (Defeli)). Covered with a width of about 85 cmx and a length of 18〇cmx and a thickness of 2〇峨 such as a coffee/package (low-expanded polystyrene board, Sekisui Chemical Industry (8)), and the hole for planting seedlings is opened at intervals of Η cm, and then Place it side by side on a substrate. In turn, the black and white cover film ("shadow" thickness 0.025 mm, Okura Industrial Co., Ltd.), which is also opened at intervals of 15 cm, is combined with the hole of the foam plate to cover each: Slot 0 seedlings. Seedlings made in the pan. (4): Plant the small pineapple on the cultivation bed. Dripper filling: Injecting water from the end of the pipette to 4 22~4·3〇, feeding the nutrient solution until 5)~5·6, and replacing it with water again at 5,7~m. Nutrient: (1) In the cultivation for the purpose of reducing nitrate nitrogen, tap water is used under the film. Also, a drip tube (water or nutrient) is taken from above the membrane. (2) As a comparative control experiment, a large φ冢 greenhouse H tiger, 2 manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd. was mixed under the film at a ratio of 15 g/L, 1 g/L, 〇.〇5 g/L, respectively. No. 5, the nutrient solution. No filling was performed from above the film. Cultivation site · Shimao-gun, Okinawa Prefecture Cultivation period: 4.22 to 5.12 2) Results The results are not shown in Table 8. (Table 8) Determination of nitrate nitrogen content (ppm) of Komatsu 2006.5.7 2006.5.12 Water 3,000 890 Nutrient (Control Zone) - 6,000 122987.doc -101 - 200820895 Determination of nitrate nitrogen by simmering garlic The juice machine squeezed the leaves (stems) of the small pineapple, and the juice was measured by a nitrate ion meter (portable ion meter C_141, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). The result of the test zone for the purpose of reducing nitrate nitrogen is that the height of the Komatsu is more than 20 cm on May 7 and the nitrate nitrogen content is 3, 〇〇〇ppm, but the droplets from the film are replaced with water, at 5 The nitrate nitrogen content can be reduced to 890 ppm on the 12th of the month. The result of the comparison control area is that the height of Komatsu is also more than 2〇 cm on May 7th, and the nitrate nitrogen is 60〇〇 ppm on May 12th. Based on the above results, it is understood that the nitrate nitrogen of the vegetable can be greatly reduced by using only water under the film and appropriately irrigating the nutrient solution or water from above the film according to the growth stage. Example (2-2) (Cultivation of tomatoes using a non-porous hydrophilic film) 1) Method cultivation bed Set up a 4 mm thick Esrene plate on a crucible frame (bead expanded polystyrene plate, water retention) Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is made of a width of 45 cmx and a length of 28 mx for a 12 cm box. Two tubes for allowing the cooling water to flow back and forth to flow back and forth on the bottom of the tank (sewage irrigation PE pipe K2〇, Sekisui Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) are provided. In order to make the tank into a water tank, a polyethylene film (a polyethylene film for agriculture) was laid inside. The nutrient solution is added until the depth reaches about 7, and a floating body plate (floating plate) having a width of about 43 cmxl80 cmx and a thickness of 20 mm including Esrene foam (low-expanded polystyrene plate, hydrophobized into industrial (strand)) is included. Floating side by side in the sink. The water-repellent non-woven fabric (Mebi〇1 plate (Mebi〇1 (share)) is covered with 122987.doc •102-200820895 盍 ocean body plate, and the non-woven fabric is set in such a manner that the end is immersed in the nutrient solution. A non-porous hydrophilic film (Hyma film (thickness 65 μηι), Mebi〇1 (strand)) was placed on the non-woven fabric for water absorption, and the end portion was hung on the outer side of the water tank. Prepare 2 series of cultivation beds of 28 m length. · Use a ratio of 15 g/L, ig/L, 〇 5 g/L to dissolve the mixed solution of Otsuka Greenhouse No. 1, No. 2, No. 5 manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.. Matrix: in Hymec The following two substances were placed on the film at a depth of about 丨cm as a matrix. ' 1) Peat moss (set in 170 i PEAT MOSS (H〇rticultuai)

Grade) (Canadian Supreme Ltd.)); 2) Mix peat moss, vermiculite (into large grain 5〇1, Το-Ho (share)), red clay (island red clay) with a volume ratio of 2:2:1 Green Industry (Limited). Dripper: A dropper of about 30 m is placed on the substrate at a distance of 1 〇em (the amount of dripping is 1.05 L/hr (Defeli)). Covering material: in width Approximately 43 cmx length 180 cmx thickness of 2 〇mm Esrene foam (low-expanded polystyrene board, water accumulation into the industry (the center of the stock, with 30 (^! interval seedling planting holes, and side by side Placed on the substrate. Further, a black-and-white cover film ("shadow" thickness of 〇·〇25 mm, Dacang Industrial Co., Ltd.) with a 30 cm interval is merged with the hole of the foamed plate, and each sink is covered. Tomato seedlings: Variety of Momotaro Fight trough seedlings (Southemplant), height of about 18 cm Seedlings: Planting 87 plants/1 seedlings on 2 rows of cultivation beds 122987.doc • 103- 200820895 Dripper irrigation: from Click on the tube of the day &amp; 卩 卩 feed the mother plant seedlings to supply 30 ml / 曰 养 养, 苞It is changed to 6〇ml. After the fruit ripening period, the cultivation site is stopped. · Okinawa Prefecture Shimaji-gun cultivation period·· 11.2~3.5 2) After the planting, the 30th 曰1花广闻私17 房房 started to open, and Change the amount of the irrigating irrigation to 60 ml/曰·1 strain. 1~ On the 65th day, only the first to the second paragraphs are left, so the cultivation is changed to the lower stage, and the irrigation is carried out at the 80th minute. The fruit begins on the 90th day. Coloring, harvesting began on the first day. All about 700 fruits were obtained, and no fruit rot was found. No damage was found in the roots of the tomatoes. Table 2 shows the weight of the tomatoes harvested in the first row after planting. The result of the fruit size of the plate. Li total (6) diameter (cm) two degrees ΓοιτΛ number of measurements 26 26 —--- ν \ V111 1 average 98.2 ' 5.6 -_ 5.1 standard deviation 18.6 0.4 0.4 ... , ', 4 mouth (over) is 9 3 xixi 9·5 (measured by 11=2), sample (b) is 8.4, 8.3 (measured by 1^2), and the content of ruthenium in red persimmon is 26.4 mg/l g, relative to the market. Red persimmon (variety · Momotaro Fight) has a lycopene content of 3 1 , 乂 j mg/ioo g, high value 8 times the lycopene content based on measuring means outside the outer #

In Masisinc, the measurement was carried out by HPlc (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). 122987.doc -104· 200820895 : A photograph of the summary of the above experimental system is shown in the figure. The photo of the obtained tomato is shown in Fig. 44. The above experimental methods used in the above are as follows. &lt;Measurement of water evaporation amount&gt; / Refer to the pattern cross-sectional view of 囷28, and use the above-mentioned "screen smashing device to lay a film on the screen (fan ~ 咖 ~ 26G mm) and then add: "green", planting seedlings ( 1 to 2 strains). Add water or a specific concentration of fertilizer to the tray: release the liquid and then on it. Regularly measure the amount of sputum above the balance of the dish. For the solution reduced by evaporation: to add. &lt;Observation of Growth Process&gt; Observation of the growth process of the seedling was carried out by digital photography (digital camera: Canon ΐχ Digital 200a). &lt;Observation and Measurement after End of Test&gt; After the end of the test, the inside of the film on which the root portion was placed was photographed with the film removed or the film removed, and the photograph was taken centering on the root. The weight of the grown seedlings was directly attached to the roots, or the roots were cut, and the stems and leaves were weighed. &lt;Measurement of pH value&gt; The pH value was measured by the following pH meter. The sensor portion of the pH meter corrected by the standard solution (pH 7 〇) was immersed in the solution to be measured, and the solution was gently shaken, and after the value was stabilized, the value displayed on the LCD (liquid crystal) display portion was read. &lt;Measurement of Brix%&gt; 122987.doc -105· 200820895

The Brix% measurement was carried out using a sugar meter (refractometer) described below. The measured solution was sampled by a dropper and dropped into the 稜鏡 portion of the saccharometer to determine the value on the LCD. Example (2-4) The concentration of the liquid fertilizer used as a nutrient solution was diluted to 1000 times, 2000 times, and 3000 times of Huabao, except for the items shown in Table 4, in the same manner as in Example (2-3). conduct experiment. Two strains of seedlings were planted on the "screen" by adding 200 g of soil (79% moisture, dry weight 40 g) to the screen. Add 240 g of water or fertilizer solution to the tray and place the “screen”. (Implementation period: 10.3 0 to I2·4) The results obtained by the above experiment are as follows. (Table 10) Experiment No. 1-1 1-2 1-3 Experimental conditions Film ^ PVA 40 um Seedling red lettuce Leaf more than 1 each 2 soil rock wool fiber liquid fertilizer type chemical treasure liquid fertilizer dilution rate 1000 times 2000 times 3000 times experimental results water evaporation (g) 12th 103 97 98 34th day 204 192 197 liquid fertilizer EC (dS/m) 0曰0.61 0.39 0.34 12th 0.6/0.6 0.49/0.47 0.52/0.46 Day 34 0.46 0.41 0.43 Stem and leaf weight (S) 2 1 1 Peel test (g) 170 60 30 EC : Before and after adding liquid fertilizer

(Description of experimental results) According to the dilution ratio of liquid fertilizer, it can be understood that the degree of plant growth is the same as that of the example (2-3) of ?106-122987.doc 200820895? The intensity is stronger, taking 4 π Μ long wind, and passing the fertilizer component. Two obstacles to the pancreas and receive the example (2-5) (Insect to stone / PVA liquid fertilizer effect) Using the vermiculite / PVA system, compare the effect of water fish from the inside of the 1 ^ 乂水 and Huabao 10 〇〇 dilution . Except for Table 11, it is not necessary to implement the test. 3) The method of squatting is carried out and placed on the "screen". The membrane is added 235 § soil 壌 (2 plants of water planting. Add about 25 () (10) water or fertilizer solution to the spider. (Performance period: W.224 125) The results obtained from the above experiments are summarized as follows (Table 11)

Experimental conditions_Experimental results

EC: before and after the addition of liquid fertilizer Peel test: use a small scale (description of experimental results)

122987.doc -107- 200820895 The EC value of the fertilizer solution, compared to the initial 〇 5 ds / m, was reduced to 0.22 dS / m at the final increase, the fertilizer was obviously consumed (if the evaporation of water is considered, the consumption of liquid fertilizer can be considered The amount will be larger). Example (2_6) Using a stone as a soil, a film was made into a hydrophilic polyester with a black nonwoven fabric: Except for the items shown in Table 12, the experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example (4). &lt;Meteite/Hydrophilic Polyacetal Liquid Fertilizer with Non-woven Fabric&gt; In the experiment, 230 g of soil (water 76%, dry weight 55) was added to the screen on the "screen", and 2 plots were planted with a knife. . Add about 2 g of water or a fertilizer solution to the spider and place a "screen". The results obtained by the above experiment are as follows. (Table 12) Experimental conditions Experimental results

(Description of experimental results) The weight of roots and stems on the 30th day of the fertilizer solution compared with water can be understood to be significantly larger in the fertilizer solution and to absorb the fertilizer. 122987.doc 200820895 Example (2·7) Using rock wool fiber (using 3 · # π曰曰, Λ ^ V疋 ΐ · dry no weight 10, 20, 3〇g) as soil, except Table 7 The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example (2-3) except for the contents of M _ and . &lt;Results of rock wool fiber&gt; Add 5〇~15() g of soil (moisture (4), dry on the screen)

Dry weight 10, 20, 30, my ancient surname - _ A planted 2 fields. Add 290~390 § water or fertilizer solution to the tray and place the "screen". (Period: ui~i2.4) The results obtained by the above experiment are as follows. (Table 13) Experimental conditions Experimental results

Peel test: use spring balance (description of experimental results). When the amount of soil is 10 g, the first part of the day before the growth occurs, and (4) the water does not cause the withering. Heart 2 is the root. The good amount of soil is moderate.涊 涊 Example (2-8) (Differences of various films) The growth of paddy fields was observed for various films by the above method. 122987.doc -109· 200820895 A total of five samples of PVA, biaxially oriented PVA (BOVLON), and hydrophilic polyester were used for the film. Two strains of seedlings were planted by adding 500 ml of soil to the membrane (260 x 260 mm). Add 250 ml of water to the tray and place a "screen". The period is from August 17 to September 14 曰. (Table 14) Experiment No. 1 2 3 4 5 Experimental conditions Film PVA Hydrophilic polyester with the same non-woven fabric attached with the same fabric BOVLON Seedling Tricolor (Maxim) This leaf 2 pieces each 2 soil Super MixA 500 ml solution water Evaporation of real water (g) Inspection 14th 190 272 572 161 200 End 28th 338 529 1243 265 340 Number of leaves on the 28th day 6 pieces 4.5 More than 6 3 3.5 (Description of experimental results) Attached with non-woven fabric The water-evaporable amount of the hydrophilic polyester is more prominent, but it is considered that the reason is that it contains evaporation from the nonwoven fabric. The order of the leaves of the final seedlings is a hydrophilic polyester with a non-woven fabric. • ^ PVA&gt; Hydrophilic polyester-BOVLON&gt; A hydrophilic polyester with a cloth. Its tendency is the same as that of the roots. "Difference in Brix Value" Figure 3 1 shows the graph of the measured data. (Description of experimental results) Among the five kinds of films, except for BOVLON and PH-35, PVA, cellophane and soaked cellophane started from the experiment on the third day, and the difference between the Brix values of the glucose system and the water system reached 1 or less, and the glucose permeation was determined. film. 122987.doc -110- 200820895 Example (2-12) In the same manner as in the embodiment (2-9), a sieve tray device (having a radius of 6.4 cm and a capacity of 130 cm 3 ) was used in the sieve. A 2〇χ2〇cm film was placed on the net and 150 g of pure water was added. I5〇g nutrient solution was added to the side of the plate and wrapped with Saran plastic wrap. The sampling time was 3, 6, ΐ2, μ, 36, 48, 72 hrs and 7 containers were prepared. After a predetermined time, 1 〇〇 ml of each sample was placed in the container. The main fertilizer components in each sample were analyzed. 1) Permeable film: PVA film 25 μm (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), hydrophilic polyester 20 μιη (manufactured by DuPont) 2) Water: distilled water (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), nutrient fertilizer :Dalian Greenhouse No.1 1.5 g/L, No.2 1 g/L (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) 3) Analytical method a) Ammonium ion, nitrate ion and sulfate ion: analysis by ion chromatography (for analysis For details: please refer to the 4th edition of "Analysis of Water", published by Hokkaido Branch of Analytical Chemistry Society, published by Chemical Tongren (share), July 2, 1997, Chapter 3, Analytical Method for Analysis of Water, 3.7 .3 ion chromatography (pages 125-129)). b) Phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium: analyzed by Icp (luminescence spectrometry) (for details of the analysis: please refer to the 4th edition of "Analysis of Water", edited by the Hokkaido Branch of the Analytical Chemistry Society of Japan, Chemicals Published, July 2, 1997, Chapter 13, Analytical Methods Associated with Trace Contaminants, 13.10 ICP (pp. 478-480)). About the main components of ammonia nitrogen (NEU-N), nitrate nitrogen (NCVN), Lin 122987.doc -111 - 200820895 acid (P2〇5), potassium (Κ20), calcium (CaO), magnesium (MgO) and Sulfur (S04), the temporal change of the film permeability is shown in Table 15 to Table 21, and the figures corresponding to the above data are shown in Figs. 32 to 38. As shown in the above table and chart, the film permeability of fertilizers varies depending on the fertilizer composition, but the main components are nitrogen (N), scale (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S) are all permeable. (Table 15) Ammonia nitrogen unit: ppm ! State nitrogen _ Unit: ppm Time hrs Hydrophilic polyester water -- Hydrophilic polyester liquid PVA water PVA nutrient solution 0 0 24.9 0 24,9 3 5.2 20.2 4.4 17.8 6 7.2 18.8 5.1 17.7 12 9.7 15.7 7.9 15.2 24 12.2 12.9 9.5 12.3 36 12.9 12.5 10.6 9.9 48 13.9 11.6 10.5 5.3 72 13.6 11.7 10.6 10.2

(Table 1 6) Nitric acid nitrogen nitrate nitrogen _ time hrs Hydrophilic polyester water ------- rr ... _ hydrophilic polyacetic acid PVA water PVA nutrient solution 0 0 —__237.9 〇237.9 3 29 --_211.4 42.4 215.1 6 42.3 ___197.3 51 199.8 12 59.5 ~_179.6 72.9 174.1 24 82.9 --- 155 90.9 153.5 36 90.3 ___148.2 109.8 58.1 48 106.5 __137.8 116.2 130 72 106.5 ___131 120.1 122.2侔·· ppm 122987.doc -112- 200820895 (Table 17) Phosphoric acid unit: ppm Phosphate mono- 4' stand: ppm time hrs Hydrophilic poly S water hydrophilic polyester liquid PVA water PVA nutrient 0 0 144.7 0 144.7 3 5.8 140.4 4.9 135.4 6 10.7 129.2 6.7 137.4 12 20.3 117.6 17 124.6 24 34.5 103.7 29.3 109,7 36 41.1 97.1 41.8 102.9 48 50.5 88.5 49 86.6 72 60.1 80.8 61.1 79.4

(Table 18) Potassium Unit · ppm Potassium Single 1 Li·· ppm Time hrs Hydrophilic Polyacetate Hydrophilic Poly S Hydronucleus PVA Water PVA Nutrient 0 1 434.6 0 434.6 3 68,8 371.2 83.4 338.1 6 103.3 317.3- 96.2 333.6 12 152.2 271.5 140.5 286.1 24 207.2 218.6 170.7 249.7 36 214.3 205 196.5 241 48 231 183.6 203.5 219.2 72 233.6 191.4_____________ 207.3 215.9 113- 122987.doc 200820895 (Table 19) Calcium unit: ppm Mom unit: ppm Time hrs Hydrophilic Polyester water hydrophilic polyester liquid PVA water PVA nutrient solution 0 0 246.7 0 246.7 3 6 243.4 20.6 228.6 6 11 231.8 28.6 218.2 12 20.1 222.4 48.3 198.9 24 37.8 205.2 69.6 178.9 36 46 193 92.5 160.6 48 62 178.2 103.2 144.2 72 82.4 160.8 116.3 134.1

(Table 20) Magnesium unit: ppm Magnesium single 4 r Li·· ppm Time hrs Hydrophilic polythene water hydrophilic polyester liquid PVA water PVA nutrient 0 0 76;9 0 76.9 3 0.5 75.9 4.1 72 6 1.9 73.9 6.2 69· 1 12 4.4 70.6 12.3 64.1 24 9.4 66 17.9 56.9 36 11.3 62.4 24.1 52.1 48 15.5 57.8 27.9 46.1 72 21.4 53 32.5 41.9 114- 122987.doc 200820895 (Table 21) Sulfur units: ppm _ Single / ^ : PDm Time Hrs hydrophilic polyester water hydrophilic polyester liquid PVA water PVA nutrient solution 0 Ifil ^ 〇3 0 159 2 V 〇丄01 · J 6 0.6 156.7 \J 〇丄· U 156 6 12 6.9 153 8 2 Q 1 24 36 14.2 138.3 14 丄"〇142.1 11.4 129.8 22 2 48 353 1 122.3 25 XJJ 128 8 72 47.4 112.5 46.7 110.1 Example (2-13) Add 1.3 L of Huabao stock solution to the 30X22X8 coffee cultivation box (N: - 5%, Ρ · 10%, K: 5%) (made by Huabao japan), diluted 3 times as much as sputum (EC · L3 7) as a nutrient solution, making 40 pm PVA at 48x40 cm A film (made by Double Silk Chemical Co., Ltd.) floats thereon. Super MixA (Sakataseed) with a depth of 2 cm on the film, 12 plants of red lettuce (3 pieces of this leaf) were planted in the plastic greenhouse (without temperature and humidity control) at 11.12~1.11 (60曰) The growth was carried out during the period of time. The PVA film integrated with the root was used as a sample, and an optical micrograph of the root interface was taken (magnification: 10 to 1 〇〇). [Pretreatment and observation of the sample] 1) Ethanol dehydrates the sample 2) Buried in the hydrophilic resin "Tecnobit" (manufactured by Kasei Corporation) 3) After cutting into a thickness of 3 μm with a glass knife, it is placed on a glass plate and dried. 122987.doc -115- 200820895 4) Staining with 0.1% toluidine blue for 15 minutes 5) Decolorizing the excess stained portion with 70% ethanol solution in water washed with water (differentiation) 6) Dehydrating with alcohol and putting it into xylene Then, the cover glass is closed and sealed. 7) Observed between 10 times and 1 〇〇 times by an optical microscope (further, the details of the pretreatment and observation methods of the above samples, for example, in the research and development of the company shares Limited website (httP//WWW. kenShoji.co.jp/) The "low polymerized resin Tecn〇Mt" ® reference to the detailed item test method.) The optical microscope observation results are shown in FIG. 39. As shown in Fig. 39, it was observed that the root cells were placed in the surface of the PVA film without a gap, and the PVA film and the root were in an integrated state. Example (2-14) In the same manner as in the embodiment (2-9), a sieve tray device (having a radius of 6.4 cm and a capacity of 130 cm 3 ) was used, and 2 〇 x 2 〇 was placed on the sieve. A film of φ cm was added with 150 g of tap water, 15 g of saline was added to the side of the spider, and the mixture was wrapped in Saran wrap and placed at room temperature. At each sampling time, the nutrient solution on the water side (screen) and the saline side (span) was agitated, sampled with a dropper, and the EC value was measured. 1) Water-permeable film: a hydrophilic polyester film (manufactured by DuPont) and a PVA film (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) having different thicknesses were used. Hydrophilic polyester Κ06_20 μηι, K06-40 μιη, CRP06-75 μπι (manufactured by DuPont), PVA # 2500 (25 μπι), # 4000 (40 μηι), # 6500 (65 μπι) (Japan Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. )Manufactured) 122987.doc •116- 200820895 2) 0.5% salt water: dissolved in tap water · 5 wt% "Bofang's Bee" (made by Bofang Salt Industry Co., Ltd.). | Salt of Bofang: 3 g g in 100 g, magnesium no mg, calcium 9 〇 mg, unloading 5 〇 mg 3) Experimental method Conductivity meter: Using Twin C〇nd Β·173 (堀场生产所(股)), The sample sampled by the dropper was placed in the measurement site of the conductivity meter, and the conductivity EC (dS/m) was measured. The results of the hydrophilic polyester film were shown in Table 22 and Figure 40. The results of the 'PVA film are shown in Table 23 and Figure 41. According to the above-mentioned FIG. 40 and the figure, it can be seen that the EC values of the hydrophilic polyester film and the pvA film on the water side are both increased, and the values on the brine side are reduced (the values are both reduced, and the values of the two converge to the same value with time. In the case of a hydrophilic poly-film, in the range of the film thickness of 20 to 75 μm, the rate of increase of the EC value on the water side and the decrease rate of the EC value on the brine side become slower as the thickness increases, and 0.5% saline permeability On the other hand, in the case of the pvA film, the film thickness is in the range of 25 to 65 μm, and even if the thickness is increased, 5% of the salt water permeability is almost unchanged. 122987.doc 117- 200820895 Hydrophilic polyester ( Table 22) Unit: dS/m Vinegar-20 Ice CIW303S3US Poly K Water Bffhrs03615.243648729612 K06-20 /Saline 9.1 8.5 7.7 6.4 4.9 K06-40 /Water 0.15 0.7 1.19 2.4 4 4 4.8 4.8 Unit K06-40 / brine 9.1 8.7 8.1 7.1 6.3 5.6 5.2 5 4.9 4.9 dS/m CRP06-75 / water 0.15 0.28 0.43 0.82 1.19 1.61 22,8 3.3 3.7 CRP06-75 / brine 9.1 8.9 8.8 8.5 8.1 7.7 73 6.7 6.3 5.9 r VA (Table 23) PVA time hrs 0 3 6 15.5 24 36 48 72 96 120 Unit dS/m #2500 / water 0.15 1.69 3 4.1 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 #2500 / brine 9.1 7.8 6.7 5.6 5.1 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 #4〇〇〇/water 0.15 1.79 2.9 4.1 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 Unit: dS/m #4000 / brine 9.1 7.7 6.6 5.5 5.1 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 #6500 / water 0.15 1.63 2.7 4 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4·9 #6500 / brine 9.1 7.9 6.9 5.7 5.2 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 Example ( 2·15) (Measurement of water content) in a plastic container (ΐ5χΐΐχ4(10)) with a polypropylene cover (3ΐ4(10)) 3〇0 m1 water, and impregnate three kinds of thin media with different thickness to make a kind of seed;; polyester (10X20 After cm), put it in a suitable temperature box for 2 hours. After a predetermined period of time, the film was taken out, and the surface moisture was quickly wiped with a paper and seeded (WT g). The weight at the time of drying was taken as WG g, and the moisture content (%) was determined = 〇 122987.doc -118 - 200820895 W〇) / WTxlOO. The measurement temperature was measured at three temperatures of 5, 20, and 35 ° C at a temperature of n = 2 samples. PVA film: # 2500 (25 μπι), # 4000 (40 μπι), # 6500 (65 μιη) (manufactured by Sakamoto Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.) Hydrophilic polyester: Κ06-40 (40 μπι) (manufactured by DuPont) Thermostat: Model ERV740 (capacity 9 L, de-energized 75 W) (Manufactured by Matsushita Electric Works) • (Results) Figure 42 shows a graph of moisture content at different temperatures. As shown in the graph, PVA tends to increase in moisture content as the temperature rises. Hydrophilic polyesters, in contrast to PVA, have a reduced water content with increasing temperature. The difference in the thickness of the PVA film or the difference in the moisture content caused by the type of the polymer is not so large, and includes a temperature change of about 20 to 28%. Example (2_16) (Corrosion of film) The film used was subjected to the test of the naturally occurring microorganism under the following conditions. 700 ml of tap water was added to a plastic container (20 x 12 x 5.5 cm), and various films of 30 x 22 cm were placed on the water. On the film, 170 g of soil Super MixA (manufactured by Sakataseed) was placed, and about 6 seedlings of each of the six leaves of Odyssey (Sadyase) were planted (17th after sowing). In the cultivation shed at a temperature of 21 ° C, a humidity of 60 to 70%, and an illuminance of artificial light of 3700 to 3800 Lx, it was cultivated from April 28 to May 30, and the height and the number of leaves were measured at 39th. 122987.doc -119- 200820895 The film used is a cellophane film (hole #5〇〇, thickness: 350111; Ercun Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film (#4〇, thickness: 4〇μπι ; Aile Chemical (share)). The results are shown in Table 20. (Table 24) Experiment No. Film type i39 day leaf number 1 Cellophane film 1 week after film opening 2 PVA film 7 to 10 cm ^ jj &quot; • As shown in Table 20, in the case of cellophane film, After 1 week, the film was corroded and opened, and cultivation could not be continued. The experiment was performed twice, all with the same results. On the other hand, in the case of the PVA film, no microbial rot-one eclipse was observed, and cultivation results of 39 days of cultivation were found to be good. According to the results, the glass paper film is a natural raw material and is easily decomposed by microorganisms. In contrast, the PVA film is difficult to be decomposed by microorganisms because of a synthetic material. Example (2-17) (Weather resistance of the film) • Since the film used in the present invention is often exposed to sunlight or artificial light, the weather resistance test of the film is carried out. The test method is to place a film of 2 〇χ 25 em in the inner side of the window (9 · ι 2 to 12.17), and observe the change in appearance. The film used was a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film (#25〇〇, thickness: 25 _), a hydrophilic f-polymerized S film (K06-20, thickness: 20 μπι) And cellophane film (pl #5〇0, thickness: 30 μπι). The test result is that in the case of the hydrophilic polyester film, damage is found after 丨 months, in contrast to the case of polyvinyl alcohol and cellophane film, 3 122987.doc -120- 200820895 There is no change after the month. According to the results of the examples (4) and 17), it can be seen that the polyacetal (pva) which is excellent in the weather resistance of microorganisms is thinner than this. In the implementation of the invention. UTILITY: As described above, according to the cultivation system of the present invention, it is possible to solve the above-mentioned one or more disadvantages of the prior art by using the above-described 1 control to supply the liquid to the plant. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the root of the plant is isolated from the earth's soil, t is directly in contact with each other, so that even the earth soil is affected by the disease. ▲ &gt; / pathogen contamination 'microbes, bacteria can not pass through this thin: so it will not touch the roots, so it can avoid planting pollution such as continuous damage: and even if the earthworms are contaminated by residual pesticides, it is also due to the earth : The root is isolated by the film to reduce the pollution of the plant. :: 'According to the third aspect of the invention described above', the plant can be planted by using the film as a transfer structure. Therefore, it is possible to industrially carry out the cultivation of agricultural products. According to the fourth aspect of the invention described above, since the roots of the plant are separated from the earth's original material, the film is not in direct contact, so even the earth soil Under the disease film: biological and pathogenic cockroaches, microbes and bacteria can not pass through the thin dye. A is not exposed to the roots, so it can avoid the pollution of plants such as continuous obstacles, even if the earthworms are contaminated by residual pesticides, also because of the earth. Soil ^2987400 -121 - 200820895 The soil and the root are separated by a thin raft to reduce the pollution of the plant. Further, according to the fifth aspect of the invention described above, the plant body can be made healthy by supplying oxygen sufficiently to the root of the plant body. The growth and the problem of preventing the root from puncturing the thin sputum contribute to the stabilization of the production of agricultural products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the first aspect of the plant cultivation system of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an example (using a tray) of a plant cultivation system according to a first aspect of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing another example of the plant cultivation system (using a tray) according to the first aspect of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a basic state of a plant cultivation method according to a second aspect of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the plant cultivation method according to the second aspect of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the plant cultivation method according to the second aspect of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a side view showing the basic concept of a plant cultivation system according to a third aspect of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a side view showing other basic concepts of the plant cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a side view showing other basic concepts of the plant cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the mode of the transfer of the plant cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention, 122987.doc-122-200820895. Fig. 11 is a view showing a mode based on the transmission method of the present invention. Fig. 12 is a view showing a pattern based on the method of the present invention. Other plants of the third aspect of the plant cultivation system Irrigation of the plant cultivation system of the third aspect Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing the first half of the plant planting step according to the third aspect of the present invention. plant. Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the latter half of the cultivation step of the plant cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a basic aspect of a plant cultivation method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention. Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the plant cultivation method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention. Fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the plant cultivation method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention. Figure 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the basic concept of a plant cultivation system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention. Figure 19 is a photograph (25S) from the inside of the film after the substrate 25 S (non-woven fabric) and the cover film are adhered in Example (6-5). Fig. 20 is a photograph (cultivated soil) from the inside of the film after the substrate soil and the cover film are adhered in Example (6-5). Fig. 21 is a photograph (25S) of the inside of the film on the surface of the substrate 25S in the embodiment (6-5). Figure 22 is a photograph (pecture) from the inside of the film after the space was provided on the surface of the substrate (earth soil) in Example (6-5) 122987.doc -123 - 200820895. Fig. 23 is a photograph of the inside of the film from the sheet 6fN〇.2 of the embodiment (6-6). Fig. 24 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the basic aspect of the apparatus for plant cultivation of the present invention. Fig. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention. Fig. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the film characteristics (water_saline contact) used in the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view for explaining the measurement of the enthalpy characteristic (peel strength) used in the invention of 4 rabbits. Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the measurement of the characteristics of the ruthenium film (water evaporation amount) used in the present invention. The film properties (peel strength) used for the measurement are shown in Fig. 29. The photographs of the test pieces of the present invention are shown. Fig. 30 is a graph showing the characteristics of the film used in the present invention (water, an example of the results. Fig. 1 shows the film properties (water glucose contact) used in the present invention, and examples of the fruit. Fig. 32 is a graph showing the permeability of a film of ammonia nitrogen. Fig. 33 is a graph showing the permeability of a film of nitrate nitrogen. Fig. 34 is a graph showing the permeability of a film of phosphoric acid. Fig. 35 is a diagram showing the permeability of potassium film. Figure 36 is a graph showing the permeability of calcium film. 122987.doc • 124 - 200820895 Figure 37 is a graph of the permeability of the film. Figure 38 is a chart showing the film penetration of sulfur. This is an optical micrograph showing the root state at the end of plant cultivation (magnification: 25〇). The vicinity of the interface of the nutrient solution is a graph showing the affinity of various thicknesses. Fig. 41 is a graph showing the change in the moisture content of the various films obtained in Example 15 in the PVA film of the thickness of the seed material. Fig. 43 is a graph showing the change in the moisture content of the various films obtained in Example 15. Experimental department Fig. 44 is a photograph of a tomato obtained in Example 2 of the present invention. Fig. 45 (a) and (b) are schematic plan views and patterns showing a state in which a slit-like hole is provided in a floating body member. Fig. 46 (a) and (b) are a schematic plan view and a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a circular hole is formed in a floating body member. [Description of main components] 1 tray 2, 23, 26 ' 41. 63, 66, 79 irrigation mechanism (drip pipe) 3 cultivation bed 4, 33, 73 5 6 nutrient or water plant body hole 122987.doc -125- 200820895 7 layered insulation material 8, 24, 64, 74 plant cultivation Supporting body 9, 25, 42, 65, 76 Evaporation suppressing member 10 Irrigation slit 11 Plant cultivation slit 21, 61, 103 Non-porous hydrophilic film 22 Water-impermeable material 27, 67, 112 Fine mist spray Sprinkler • 28 Absorbent material 29 &gt; 69 Plant cultivation support holding frame 31, 71 Sink (cultivation bed) 32 ' 72 Film 34 Absorbent cloth 35 Heating and cooling hose 36 - 104 Floating body 37 Roller or conveyor W 38 Track (registered trademark) 39 Roller 40 Plant Support 43 Pull-out Step 44 Adjustment, Sowing, Germination, Planting Step 45 Growth Step 46 Post-Processing Step 47 Harvesting and Winding Steps 122987.doc -126 - 200820895 62 68 &gt; 107 75 77 78 80 101 # 102 105 106 108 109 110 111 Soil soil water absorption layer evaporation suppression member (covering member) support plant planting hole irrigation hole gap plant cultivation equipment storage unit storage tank water or nutrient medium (soil) covering material water pipe dropper

122987.doc -127-

Claims (1)

200820895 X. Patent Application Range: 1. A plant cultivation system, characterized in that it comprises at least a film, and a supply mechanism for supplying water or a nutrient solution to the film from the lower surface side of the film, and the film is Cultivate plants. A plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein said supply means is a water tank. The plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the supply mechanism is a mechanism other than a water tank. 4. The plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the supply mechanism comprises soil of water. The plant cultivation system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the film is a nonporous hydrophilic film. 6. The plant cultivation system according to claim 5, wherein the non-porous hydrophilic thin sputum is water/saline water on the fourth day (96 hours) after the start of the measurement after the water is brought into contact with the saline via the film. A film having a difference in electrical conductivity (ec) of 4 5 or less. 7. The plant cultivation system according to claim 5, wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is water/glucose on the third day (72 hours) after the start of the measurement, after the water is brought into contact with the (tetra) sugar solution via the film. The concentration of the solution is called a film having a difference of 4 or less. 8. The plant cultivation system according to claim 5, wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film is attached to the root of the plant body after the plant (4) is placed on the film and the cultivation is started, and the peeling of 1 〇g U is displayed with respect to the root of the plant body. The plant cultivation system according to the item 5, wherein the non-porous hydrophilic film 'haves water impermeability of water pressure of 1 〇 cm or more. A plant cutting system according to claim 2, which comprises at least a water tank for containing water or a nutrient solution; a plant cultivation support body which is movable independently of the water tank and which can be disposed on the water or the nutrient solution; Tray, · A mechanism for supplying water or liquid to the top of the tray on the water or nutrient solution in the above-mentioned water tank to spray or drip. 11. The plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the mechanism for supplying water or the liquid from above the tray is a dropper disposed in parallel with the moving direction of the tray. 12. As requested! ! The plant cultivation system, wherein a layered partition material is disposed on at least a bottom surface of the tray, and the above (4) can maintain a plant cultivation support body above the water or the nutrient solution in the water tank, and prevent the root of the plant from penetrating into the water in the water tank. Or nourishing liquid. The plant cultivation system according to claim 10, wherein the plant growth support member is provided with an evaporation suppressing member. 14. The plant cultivation system according to claim 13, wherein a slit parallel to the above-mentioned pipette is applied to the above-described evaporation suppressing member. 1 5 · Plants as claimed in item 1 栽 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘 甘16 - Plant cultivation method, pot pile, /, characterized by using the plant cultivation system of claim 10, supplying water or nutrient solution from above the tray provided on the water or the nutrient solution in the water tank. </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; The steps in the sink. The plant cultivation system of the third aspect, wherein a water tank for accommodating water or a liquid is not provided, and a mechanism for supplying K or a nutrient solution to the film from the lower surface side of the non-porous hydrophilic film is used. Cultivated plants 0 19. 20. 21.22. 23. 24. The plant cultivation system of the ninth aspect, wherein the mechanism for supplying water or nutrient solution to the non-porous hydrophilic film comprises a water-absorbing material contacting the non-porous hydrophilic film. A plant cultivation system according to claim 18, wherein the means for supplying water or nutrient solution to said non-porous hydrophilic film comprises a water-impermeable material. The plant cultivation system according to claim 20, wherein the water-absorbent material is disposed between the non-porous hydrophilic film and the water-impermeable material. A plant cultivation system according to claim 20, wherein said water-impermeable material is disposed in situ on the earth soil. The plant cultivation system according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein a minimum required amount of water is supplied between the water-impermeable material and the non-porous hydrophilic film, or according to a growth stage of the plant capable of being cultivated, or Nutrient. The plant cultivation system according to claim 18, wherein a plant cultivation support is disposed between the plant body and the non-porous hydrophilic film. The plant cultivation system according to claim 18, wherein a covering material is disposed between the plant body and the nonporous hydrophilic film. The plant cultivation (IV) of claim 18, wherein the water or nutrient solution is supplied from the non-porous hydrophilic thin form according to the growth stage of the plant which can be cultivated. (4) The plant cultivation system of the second aspect of the present invention, which is based on a water tank for accommodating water or a liquid, and a surface from which the water or the liquid is supplied from the water tank to the thin surface to be transported. plant. 28. The plant cultivation system of claim 27, wherein the film, which is rolled into a parent shape, is supplied to the water tank and transported to the water tank from the seeding or planting stage until harvest. 29. The plant cultivation system according to claim 27 or 28, wherein a support for plant cultivation is provided on the above-mentioned thin mash. The plant cultivation system according to claim 27, wherein the plant growth support member is provided with an evaporation suppressing member. The plant cultivation system of claim 27, wherein the water or the nutrient solution is irrigated into the plant cultivation support from the upper portion by a coagulation mechanism. 32. A plant cultivation method, characterized in that cultivation is carried out using a plant cultivation system as claimed in claim η on a film conveyed on water or a nutrient solution in a water tank. 33. A plant cultivation method, characterized in that the plant is planted as in the request item μ. The method 'includes the step of moving the mold to other water tanks in which the composition of the water or nutrient solution is different. A plant cultivation method comprising at least a nonporous hydrophilic film disposed on a earthworm containing earthworms, and planting the plant on the film. The method of plant cultivation according to claim 34, wherein a plant cultivation support is disposed between the plant body and the film. The plant cultivation method according to claim 34 or 35, wherein a covering material is disposed between the plant body and the film. 37. The method of plant cultivation of claim 34, wherein the soil under the sorghum is irrigated according to a stage of growth of the cultivable plant. 38. The method of plant cultivation of claim 34, wherein the irrigating is also performed from above the sorghum according to the stage of growth of the cultivable plant. 39. The cultivation system according to claim 2, wherein the plant body is cultivated on the film for accommodating water or a nutrient solution, and the water or nutrient solution is continuously supplied from the water tank to the bottom surface of the thin pot, and the film is An air layer is provided between the evaporation suppressing members on which the plant cultivation support fish on the surface or the film is disposed. Completion 40. Plant cultivation system according to claim 39, wherein the irrigation machine is used from the upper part Water or a nutrient solution is irrigated to the above-mentioned plant cultivation support. The plant cultivation system according to claim 39 or 40, wherein the film is an incompatible hydrophilic film. ' ^ 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可 可a film on the water or nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank, a mechanism for supplying water or a nutrient solution from above the film; and, 122987.doc 200820895 at least a part of the above-mentioned film can be substantially integrated with the root of the plant body A non-porous hydrophilic film formed. The apparatus for plant cultivation of the lunar length item 42 is characterized in that a floating member which can be accommodated in the water or nutrient solution of the (four) liquid tank is disposed in the liquid storage tank and the non-porous hydrophilic thin fa1. 44. - A plant cultivation method, characterized in that a film containing at least a liquid storage tank for containing water or a nutrient solution, water or a nutrient solution configurable in the liquid storage tank, and above the film is used a mechanism for supplying water or a nutrient solution i: at least a part of the film is a plant cultivation device which can form a non-porous hydrophilic film which is formed by solidification of the root portion of the plant body, and the plant body is disposed in the device. The plant body is cultivated while contacting water or a nutrient solution through at least the film. The plant cultivation method according to claim 44, wherein a plant holding support is disposed between the plant body and the film. The method of plant cultivation according to claim 44 or 45, wherein a covering material is disposed between the plant body and the film. The plant cultivation method according to claim 44, wherein a floating member which is floatable on water or a nutrient solution accommodated in the liquid storage tank is disposed between the liquid storage tank and the non-porous hydrophilic film. The method of plant cultivation according to claim 44, wherein substantially only water is supplied to the plant body from the liquid storage tank until the film is substantially integrated with the plant body, and the film is substantially integrated with the plant body. After formation, the plant body is supplied to the plant body from above the above-mentioned film, and water or broth 122987.doc 200820895 is supplied as needed. The plant cultivation method according to claim 48, wherein the water or the nutrient solution is switched to the plant body as needed from the above-mentioned film to the plant body. 122987.doc