TW200803877A - Hair grafts derived from plucked hair - Google Patents
Hair grafts derived from plucked hair Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW200803877A TW200803877A TW095143292A TW95143292A TW200803877A TW 200803877 A TW200803877 A TW 200803877A TW 095143292 A TW095143292 A TW 095143292A TW 95143292 A TW95143292 A TW 95143292A TW 200803877 A TW200803877 A TW 200803877A
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- hair
- graft
- cells
- hair follicle
- dermal
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Description
200803877 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於衍生自拔除毛髮之毛髮移植物 【先前技術】
可因諸多病症而發生毛髮脫落且其可影響到任何人:男 人婦女及兒里。毛髮脫落病症包括(但不限於)全禿(亦印 所有頭髮脫落)' 普⑽即全身毛髮脫落)、斑充(亦即毛 髮片狀脫落)及雄激素遺傳充發(亦即男性型充發市售治 療禿頭症之藥物包括敏樂定(minoxidi丨)、非那雄安 (finasteride)、皮質類固醇及蒽三紛。然而,因為藥物不可 致使產生新生毛囊,所以停止使用藥物通常終止由該藥物 所引起的任何新生毛髮生長。 更主動之毛髮恢復方法包括毛髮移植及頭皮縮減手術。 毛髮移植必須自頭後部切除—全厚頭皮組織條且仔細地將 其分割成數百個”毛囊單元移植物"(各含有—至數根毛發) 且將該等移植物移植人頭皮之充發部分,#中已藉由以尖 頭刀片製造刺破創口而形成相等數目的接受部位。毛髮移 ^不形成新生毛囊且通常並非所有外植毛囊都能成功移 =頭皮縮減手術(其已不再流行)旨在以手術方式縮減受 充發皮膚區域。毛髮移植及頭皮縮減手術皆造 ::::且令人疼痛。此外,二者皆有感染及留有症痕之可 月匕危險。 乳頭細胞)具有誘導毛囊再即(:==)=真: 116597.doc 200803877 嘗試探索該等細胞之誘導能力,包括將毛囊真皮細胞直接 主入皮膚中及移植攜帶具有不同增殖及分化特性之表皮細 胞的拔除毛髮。該等旨在產生毛囊再生之先前嘗試未能: 生可靠、可再生及良好美容結果。 【發明内容】 本發明係關於衍生自至少一拔除毛髮之毛髮移植物及移 植該毛髮移植物的方法。本發明之移植物合適地包含至少 一來自受檢者之拔除毛髮。該至少一拔除毛髮具有衍生自 毛囊(毛髮自其拔除)的黏附表皮幹細胞,且毛囊真皮細胞 與該黏附表皮幹細胞結合。 ό適地,毛髮移植物可内含於生物吸收性支架中。此 外,生物吸收性支架可具有與促進或增強新毛髮生長的支 架結合之部分。毛髮移植物之生物吸收性支架可為中空細 絲。中空細絲可含有内含於該中空細絲之内腔中的保護 劑。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供一種製備毛髮移植物之方 法。毛髮移植物合適地包含至少一具有黏附表皮幹細胞及 與4表皮幹細胞結合之毛囊真皮細胞的拔除毛髮。毛髮移 植物可内含於生物吸收性支架中。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供一種藉由在受檢者皮膚中 形成創口且植入具有黏附表皮幹細胞及與該表皮幹細胞結 δ之毛囊真皮細胞的拔除毛髮移植物來植入毛髮移植物的 方法。可在毛髮移植物内含於生物吸收性支架中時將其移 植。另外,可合適地將毛髮移植物植入於含有保護劑之創 116597.doc 200803877 Ο 〇 在另一實施例中,本發明提供一種使用皮下注射針頭及 注射器來植入毛髮移植物的方法。合適地,該注射器可裝 載有保屋劑。可將毛髮移植物及保護劑合適地注入受檢者 體内。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供一種用於鑑定誘導毛囊真 皮細胞之方法,其包含將具有黏附表皮幹細胞之至少一拔
除毛髮與毛囊真皮細胞一起培育。可使用該方法來測試複 數個細胞且選擇可誘導毛囊再生之細胞亞群。該亞群之細 胞可單獨或與其他〜細胞類型一起誘導毛囊再生。可增殖自 選亞群。 措由參考實施方式及附圖將顯 樣。 【實施方式】 本發明係關於毛髮移植物及製備及植入毛髮移植物之 法。在-實施例中,毛髮移植物包含至少—具有黏附表 幹細胞及與該表皮幹細胞非天然結合之毛囊真皮細胞的 除毛髮。毛囊真皮細胞包括(但不限於)真皮幹細胞、真 乳頭細胞及真皮鞘細胞、真皮纖維母細胞、間葉幹細胞 在可誘V毛展再生之毛囊中發現的其他細胞。黏附表皮 細胞係來自自其拔除毛髮之毛囊。參見I。合適地, :黏附表皮幹細胞之拔除毛髮與毛囊真皮細胞群體一起 月在i口月過私中,毛囊真皮細胞合適地與表皮幹細胞 合。參見圖2。術語”結合”係指表皮幹細胞與毛囊真皮 116597.doc 200803877 胞之間的實體關係。術語"結合” 著、技雜、圭 匕(但不限於)表示附 者接觸、連接、接近、黏附 間的實體關係。 * σ或親和之細胞類型之 在另一實施例中’毛髮移植物 架。人々认 沒步包含生物吸收性支 木 &適地,生物吸收性支架為| 二A 為具有内腔之中空细蜱。呤 中空細絲具有一第一末端及— 中工、、田、,糸氣 一玄私士山 末^。中空細絲可具有 二:封“,可為該第一末端或該第二末端。❹ 細絲具有兩個開口末端,可為 二 Λ 一人末&及弟二末端兩者。 在&適貫施例中,該至少一拔除丰彩^ ^ ^ 腔中。 炎除毛及位於中空細絲之内 術語,,生物吸收性"係指人體可將其分解為可自人體排出 或在其中代謝之無毒性副產物的任何材料。#製迭 架之合適生物吸收性材料包括(但不限於)聚(乳酸卜 醇酸)、聚(碳酸三亞曱酯)、聚(碳酸二甲基三亞甲美铲 聚(胺基酸)、赂胺酸源聚(碳酸醋)、聚(碳酸=旨)內 酯)、聚(對二氧環己酮)' 聚(酿)、聚(輯·酿胺卜 、 聚(鄰酷)、膠原蛋白、明膠、血清 … 月曰資臼、蛋白質、多 醣、黏多醣、碳水化合物、葡糖胺聚 ^ K ^ 來(乙二醇)、聚 (丙二醇)、聚(丙烯酸酯)、聚(甲基丙烯酸 ^ ^7 取(乙婦 醇)、玻糖醛酸、硫酸軟骨素、肝素、硫酸皮膚素、夕 能蛋白聚糖(versican)、共聚物、摻合物及聚合 Τ力 < 處合物 及含有生物吸收性鍵的寡聚物。 舉例而言,藉由以縮合劑(合適地^乙基 ^ 一'甲基胺 基丙基)碳化二醯亞胺("EDC”))處理將玻糖醛酸轉化 。 116597.doc 200803877 社交聯材料("HAX")。<者,可藉由醋化(例如,形成玻 糖酪酸之节基酯)將玻糖醛酸轉化成不可溶材料,且將其 用以製備生物吸收性支架。合適地,因為所得產物隨後當 酷鍵水解時轉化回可溶玻糖越酸,所以钱化交聯ΗΑχ為 所使用之不可溶材料。酯鍵之水解通常在幾天之内活體内 發生。在生物吸收性支架製備中可使用各種交聯劑,其包 s (i_不限於)知奴一胺、二胺基酸酯(諸如離胺酸之烷基 酯)及胺末端化聚(乙二醇)。 可使用(例如)生物吸收性材料之表面改質、接合聚合、 共聚合或將至少一部分與在形成該生物吸收性支架中所使 用之生物可吸收材料摻合來使各種分子部分與生物吸收性 支架結合。合適部分包括(但不限於)生長因子、血管生成 因子、細胞附著結合位點部分、細胞發信分子、其他小分 子,例如增強毛囊再生之藥物(諸如莫希德(m〇n〇xidil))、 糖蛋白(例如硫酸軟骨素、硫酸皮膚素及多功能蛋白聚 糖)、其他生物活性分子或其組合。 術^生長因子’’係指可促進細胞增殖及細胞分化之天然 存在的蛋白質。生長因子對調控諸多細胞過程而言為重要 的。適用於本發明之熟知生長因子包括(但不限於)粒細胞 集落刺激因子("G-CSF”)、粒細胞_巨噬細胞集落刺激因子 r’GM-CSF”)、神經生長因子(”NGF”)、神經生長素、血小 板衍生生長因子(”pDGF”)、紅血球生成素(,,Ep〇,,)、血小 板生成素("TPO")、肌肉抑制素(”GDF_8”)、生長分化因子·9 (GDF9”)、驗性纖維母細胞生長因子("bFGF”或"FGF2”)、 116597.doc -10- 200803877 表皮生長因子("EGF”)、 )月°盤,原生長因子("PLGDF”)及肝細 胞生長因子("HGF")。 類似地,術語”血管生点 生成因子係指可促進血管生成之天 然存在蛋白質。對本發明 了不^明而吕,合適血管生成因子包括 (但不限於)血管内皮生長因 斤1 U卞1 VE(3F )、内皮細胞刺激血 官生成因子("ESAF”)及存為於翩 + a )及#在於創口流體中之任何非有絲分 裂血管生成因子。 術浯細胞附著結合位點部 ^ 刀係才日在細胞-細胞/細胞_基 質相互作用及細胞流通中發揮 ^ 评邗用的蛋白質。合適細胞附 著結合位點部分之實你丨白枯, 戶、例包括(但不限於)整合素、鈣黏素、 細胞黏附分子(’’ C AM’’)及選擇素。 術語,,細胞發信分子”係指涉及在細胞之間傳輸資訊之化 子物貝。,亥等分子係自藉由跨越細胞間之間隙、與另一細 胞中之受體相互作用及激發 七°亥、、、田胞中之反應來發送信號的 細胞中釋放。細胞發信分子夭夕少 % L刀于天然地為支配基礎細胞活性及 協調細胞作用之複雜通信系統之部分。 一術語"生物活性分子”係指具有有利於毛囊再生及存活之 樂理學活性的任何分子。合適生物活性分子可包括(但不 限於)細胞發信促效劑或拮抗劑。 使至少-部分與生物吸收性支架結合可合適地有利於表 皮幹細胞與毛囊真皮細胞之間的經改良結合及/或毛囊再 生過程中之經改良細胞功能、細胞聚集或細胞發生。可在 生物吸收性支架之降解過程中釋放諸如生長因子及血管生 成因子的結合部分且促進血f生成新生毛ft。較高分子量 116597.doc -11 - 200803877 部分(諸如蛋白質、糖蛋白)及其他生物聚合物(諸如膠原蛋 白、昆布胺酸及纖維結合蛋白)可與生物吸收性支架共價 或靜電結合以合適地&供較大貫體整體性、細胞附著能力 或生物活性。舉例而§ ’生物活性分子與玻糖酿酸結構之 共價附著合適地增強所得支架之效能。可使用含有細胞附 著結構域胺基酸序列Arg-Gly-Asp(RGD)之肽來幫助毛囊真 皮乳頭細胞與支架之附著。 • 在另一實施例中,生物吸收性支架可含有保護劑。保護 劑可完全填充該生物吸收性支架。術語”保護劑”係指用於 保u蒦細胞使免於移植相關之創傷或免於由創口瘡合之炎性 過程的損害之任何物質。或者,保護劑可僅部分填充生物 吸收性支架之内腔,例如約10%充滿、約25%充滿、約 50%充滿。在另一替代方案中,保護劑可塗佈細絲内壁之 全部或部分。保護劑可填充生物吸收性支架的約Q%至約 100% 〇 Φ 可將許多市售及臨床上可用之物質用作保護劑。合適 地’保護劑為生物吸收性的且可為(但不限於)纖維材料、 形成减知之材料或多孔材料。保護劑包括(但不限於)膠原 蛋白月膠、纖維素、殿粉、糊精、聚葡萄胺糖、脂蛋 白、膠原蛋白及明膠之重組人類形式、血纖維蛋白原、血 、歲、准蛋白、纖維結合蛋白、昆布胺酸、白蛋白、血清、多 I、黏夕醣、硫酸軟骨素溶液、玻糖饉酸、在身體體中天 …、存在之生物聚合物或其組合。可以自然形式或改質形式 使用保護劑,例如與醫藥學上可接受之交聯劑交聯,此改 116597.doc -12- 200803877 、艾保遵劑之特性,例如降低溶解性。保護劑亦可與毛囊真 皮細胞之懸浮液組合。 最&適之保濩劑為來自其中植入毛髮移植物之受檢者的 自體丨生血π及/或血漿。可藉由自該受檢者抽取少量全血 且藉由離心移除細胞來獲得自體性血清及/或血漿。使用 自體性血清及7或血漿之優勢包括經由與該血清及/或血滎 相關之天然凝血特性為毛髮移植物提供錨。同樣,自體性 血清及/或血漿可含有養分分子及其他自然有利之因子以 進一步為毛囊再生供養。 在另一實施例中,保護劑為形成凝膠之材料。舉例而 言,該形成凝膠之材料可為氧化乙烯與氧化丙烯之共聚物 (例如,PLURONId127 (BASF c〇rp〇rati〇n,Μ〇咖
OlWe,New jersey)),其與活細胞相容且當自較低溫度升 溫至(例如)體溫時高於臨界濃度形成凝膠。進一步說明該 實例,可首先在醇中以共聚物處理生物吸收性支架,隨後 藉由蒸發該醇來賦予内腔合適親水塗層。隨後可將含有毛 囊真皮細胞懸浮液之共聚物的冷溶液虹吸或注入内腔中。 隨後可加溫現含有保護劑與毛囊真皮細胞之混合物的生物 吸收性支架以誘導共聚物膠凝。合適地,凝膠之形成防止 毛囊真皮細胞自生物吸收性支架中強行去除。此外,隨後 可將具有黏附表皮幹細胞之至少一拔除毛髮引入至位於該 生物吸收性支架中的I囊真皮細胞以使表皮幹細胞與毛囊 真皮細胞結合。$他形成凝膠之合適材料包括(但不限於) 膠原蛋白、明膠、白蛋白、昆布胺酸、硫酸肝素蛋白聚 116597.doc -13- 200803877 糖、内動素、氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯、MATRIGEL™基底膜 基質(BD Biosciences,San Jose, California)、具有共價反 應以形成凝膠網路之端基的聚乙二醇分子或其組合。 在另一實施例中,本發明包括製備毛髮移植物之方法。 合適地,自受檢者拔除至少一毛髮,該至少一毛髮具有黏 附表皮幹細胞。因為在拔除後保留於皮膚中之毛囊部分可 長出新生毛髮,所以拔除毛髮不會導致永久脫髮,此與其 中自供體部位永久移除供體毛囊之傳統毛髮移植相反。合 適地,隨後將該至少一拔除毛髮與經培養之毛囊真皮細胞 一起培育。毛囊真皮細胞可與拔除毛髮來自相同受檢者、 來自不同人類受檢者或可購得(Cell Applicati〇ns,Ine.,San
Diego, California)。若毛囊真皮細胞得自人類受檢者,則 損失些供體毛囊為必要的。然而,可合適地培養毛囊真 皮細胞以使得僅少許毛囊就可產生多個毛髮移植物。 在培育過程中,毛囊真皮細胞與黏附於拔除毛髮之表皮 幹細胞結合。令人驚奇地,已發現具有最有效毛囊誘導特 性之毛囊真皮細胞之亞群選擇性地吸引存在於拔除毛髮之 最外表面上的表皮幹細胞。金目憩〇 n #
以促進毛囊真 支架中培育該 地,該支架為 使用非生物吸 護劑。另外, 皮細胞與黏附至拔除毛髮之表皮幹細胞的結合。
種移植毛髮移植物之方 116597.doc -14- 200803877 2。亥毛髮移植物包含至少一具有黏附表皮幹細胞及所結 口毛囊真皮細胞的拔除毛髮。合適地,在受檢者皮膚中形 成創口且紋後植入毛髮移植物。或者,可在植入毛髮移 植物之則、期間或之後將如上所述之保護劑置於創口中。 2外,可在生物吸收性支架中培育該方法之毛髮移植物。 口適地’右在生物吸收性支架中培育毛髮移植物,則隨後 可使用如上所述之慣用創口方法將其移植,正如當前以慣 用移植物進行移植。或者,可使用"黏貼及放置”之接枝方 法植入毛丈移植物與生物吸收性支架❺組合。在”黏貼及 放置方法中’以中空針或管之尖端刺破皮膚,該中空針 :猶用作以生物吸收性支架作為外鞘的毛髮移植物之容 器。隨後將管插人創口中且抵靠推桿抽取該管,該推桿防 止移植物離開該營且vk ^ L4- . 確保移植物的正確安置。該,,黏貼及 放置"方法之修正可使用諸如Ch〇i移植器之工具,其需要 在插入官及放置移植物之前以尖狀器械使皮膚破裂。 可由上文所哪述之諸多材料製造本發明方法中所用的生 物吸收性支架。此外,生物吸收性支架可具有與其結合之 至^ °4(等)經結合之部分可包括(但不限於)生長 因子、血管生成因+、細胞附著結合位點部分、細胞發信 分子、小分子、多肽、糖蛋白、生物活性分子或其組合。 或者’可使用皮下注射針頭及注射器植人毛髮移植物。 合適地,視拔除毛髮之㈣度及需要藉由裝人同—針頭同 時移植的拔除毛髮移植物之數目以,所心之皮下注射 針頭可在叫至30號針頭範圍内。更合適地,所使用之皮 116597.doc -15- 200803877 下庄射針頭可在25號至29號針頭範圍内。最合適地,所用 f下注射針頭為27號針頭。注射器可合適地裝載有保護 劑。將包含-具有黏附表皮幹細胞及所結合之毛囊真皮細 胞之拔除毛髮的毛髮移植物合適地I人注射器遠端針頭的 Ί、尖頭末端中。或者,可在連接注射器之前,將拔除 =裝人針頭最接近注射器之近端。合適地,若將拔除毛 端中’則在移植準備中首先裝人具有黏附細胞之 毛夂私植物的末端。可在將毛髮裝入皮下注射針頭之前、 同時或之後將保護劑裝人注射器。合適地,注射器與針頭 在亡自裝入程序中係分離的。或者,注射器可在保護劑襞 入前、裝入過程中或裝入後連接於皮下注射針頭。類似 地,皮下注射針頭可在毛髮移植物裝入之前、裝入過程中 或裝入之後連接於皮下注射器。不管在裝入過程中之方向 如何,針頭與注射器在植入之前連接為合適地。或者,可 使用永久連接之皮下注射針頭及注射器。 在袭入皮下注射針頭與注射器之後,隨後可將皮下注射 針頭插入受檢者皮膚中。最合適地,將針頭插穿皮膚之表 皮及真皮層且恰好進入最上部脂肪層。隨後自皮膚抽出針 頭,同時在注射器上施加壓力以注射毛髮移植物及保護 劑。一旦針頭完全移出且擠壓出過量保護劑,則移植物牢 罪地植入皮膚。合適地,毛髮移植物之表皮細胞及所結合 之毛囊真皮細胞位於真皮-脂肪介面的層面上。使用注射 器及皮下注射針頭之毛髮移植物植入用以緩和傳送移植物 且具有最小限度的創傷。此外,將皮下注射針頭/注射器 H6597.doc -16- 200803877 用於植入對自皮膚外露之毛髮移植物的方向及角度提供較 大控制,而其又決定隨後形成之新生毛囊的定向。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供一種用於鑑定誘導毛囊真 皮細胞之方法,其包含在毛囊真皮細胞中培育具有黏附表 皮幹細胞之至少一拔除毛髮。令人驚奇地,已發現具有最 有效毛囊誘導特性之毛囊真皮細胞之亞群選擇性地吸引存 在於該至少-拔除毛髮之最外表面上的真皮幹細胞。可使
用該方法以測試複數個細胞且選擇可誘導毛囊再生之細胞 亞群。該亞群之細胞可單獨或與其他細胞類型一起誘導毛 囊再生。可增殖自選亞相詩先前所述之毛髮移植物及 方法中。 應瞭解本發明在應用中不限於在下文描述中所闡述或在 下文附圖中所說明之構造細節及組件的配置。本發明可且 有其他實施例且可以各種方式實踐或進行。㈣,應瞭解 本文所使用之習語及術語為描述之目的且不應將其認為係 限制性的。本文使用,,包括”、”包含,,或"具有”及其變體意 欲涵蓋其後所列舉之條目及其均等物以及額外條目。 除非文章内容另有明確說明,否 幻如本說明書及所附申 呑月專利範圍中所使用,單數形式” _ t ^ 及该包括複數指代 物。除非文章内容另有明確說明, m 令則亦應〉主意通常所使 用之術語”或,,包括"及/或"之意義。 本成明書中所提及之 所有么開案、專利及專利申請案表 $ a在本發明所屬領域中 一般技術的水準。所有公開案、專利 … 田从士 a n J及專利申請案係以引 用的方式明確地併入本文中,併 私度正如以引用的方式 116597.doc -17- 200803877 單獨公開案或專利申請案。若本揭 公開案及參考文獻衝突時,本揭示
亦應特定瞭解本文所列舉之任何數字範圍包括下限值至 上限值的所有I’亦即認為在該中請案中明確陳述在所列 舉土之最小值與最大值之間的數值之所有可能組合。舉例 而言’若濃度範圍表述為1%至50%,則其意欲表示在該說 月田中月確列舉出諸如2%至4〇%、1〇%至或1〇/〇至等 的值。 藉由下列實施例進-步說明本發明,不應將該等實例解 釋為對本發明之範疇的限制。 實例 實例1 :膠原蛋白/硫酸軟骨素管之製備。
特疋地或單獨地說明各 示案與所併入之專利、 案應占主導。 將〇·48彳政米直從不銹鋼桿切成2 長且將各段浸潰於聚 (乳酸-共-乙醇酸)(”PLGA")(PURAS〇RBTM pDLG,於氯仿 中之1.06 dl/g固有黏度)溶解於二曱亞砜(nDMS〇n)(Aidrich Chemical Co·,Milwaukee,WI)中之溶液中。隨即將經塗佈 之導線浸沒於水中,此時PLGA離開溶液且沈積於導線 上,同時DMSO經水萃取及稀釋。將半圓柱狀腔(約2 mm 寬x5 mm長x2 mm深)及與各腔之一末端連通至i mm深度的 凹槽切成塊狀TEFLON™。將膠原蛋白(牛j型,Mp Bi〇mediCals,Inc·,Aurora,oh)溶解於 0·05 M 乙酸(〇 7% w/v)中且將其置於各腔中。亦將plga塗佈之導線置於各 腔中。隨後將軟骨素+硫酸鹽(sigma Chemical Co.,St. 116597.doc •18- 200803877 L〇U1S,M〇)溶解於水中之溶液(5% w/v)置於模具上以遮蓋 經曝露之膠原蛋白。約2〇分鐘後,傾析過量軟骨素*疏酸 谷液且糟由在導線上牵引來自模具移除軟骨素-6-硫酸鹽/ 乡原蛋白凝塊。隨後將導線置於過量軟骨素硫酸鹽溶液 中以兀成嘁塊製程。2〇分鐘後,自溶液移除附著有凝塊之 ^ I j鑷子握持導線之未經塗佈的末端,將其插入一厚 片經固化聚矽氧橡膠中以使得將凝塊曝露於空氣中且使其 _ =仪乾燥。隨後重複該製程以在導線上獲得膠原蛋白/軟 月素6石瓜I鹽之第二塗層。第二次塗佈後,隨後將導線置 於一小瓶丙_中且使其浸泡隔夜以溶解PLGA。藉由緊緊 握持導線之未經塗佈之末端且使另一鑷子沿導線長度輕輕 運灯至經塗佈的末端來自導線移除膠原蛋白/軟骨素4•硫 酉义鹽官。將所得管儲存於涼爽、乾燥條件下直至用作毛髮 移植物的支架。 實例2 ··將毛髮移植物植入裸(nu/nu)小鼠。 • 由接受毛髮移植手術之男性患者同意獲得來自慣用毛囊 移植供體部位之整塊人類頭皮組織之小試片。將此試片中 所3有之毛囊球部顯微解剖以獲得毛囊真皮細胞,隨後藉 由針頭尖將其轉移至含有少量無菌細胞培養基的培養盤 中。使用先前所描述之技術使毛囊真皮細胞生長及增殖 (參見 A.G· Messenger,"The culture 〇f 心啦以 papiiia ceiis from human hair follicles/* Br. J. DermatoL 1984 Jun; 1 10(6):685-9,其教示以引用的方式併入本文中),直至可 得到足夠數目的細胞用於實驗。隨後採集細胞且藉由離心 116597.doc -19- 200803877 將其自上層清液分離且重懸於碌酸鹽緩衝生理食鹽水溶液 、獲彳于每Μ升大約1〇〇,〇〇〇個細胞。將一微升經懸浮之 、田I轉私至6 mm長〇 71職内腔直徑了奸1(^管之四部分 的每一者中。 不同男!·生扣贈者提供拔除毛髮。首先以70%異丙醇消 毒頭後部上的頭皮及毛髮。藉由以小鉗子夾住毛幹之底部 且迅速牽拉來拔除個g丨丨主 厂”別毛犮。將一附著有表皮幹細胞之拔 牙、毛及置於各有經培養之毛囊真皮細胞的四個管之每一者 中’且將其水平置於37。〇恆溫箱中歷時約2小時,直至觀 察到毛囊真皮細胞與附著於姑昤 7考於披除毛髮之表皮幹細胞結合。 根據核可規程麻醉無胸腺裸鼠且對其實施手術。使㈣ 號皮下注_在小鼠背部皮膚中製造小切口且仔細地自 TEFLON管移出且有勒p4本 /、有站附表皮幹細胞及經結合之毛囊真 皮細胞的拔除毛髮且蔣立姑― 、 f且將其植入母個切口的皮膚下部。植入 四週後’對小鼠驗屍且評估 七震再生。植入部位之組織分 析揭示在各情況下形成類似毛囊之結構。 實例3 :具有黏附於拔除毛髮之表皮幹細胞的毛囊真皮細 胞之製備及結合。 使用彎曲止血甜自以7Ό%乙醇消毒之供體頭皮區域拔除 毛髮。拔除後,將拔除毛髮浸沒於含有具有2%至3%抗生 素之杜貝卡氏改質伊格氏培養基(祕M〇dified
Eagies Medium)(,,DMEM")/F_12培養基的皮氏培養皿中且 於3 7 C下培育至少:^分鐘及長读^ 食建1 · 5小時。在培育過程中, 藉由以甲醇中之5%聚酿錢佈孔的底部表面以阻礙毛囊 116597.doc •20· 200803877
真皮細胞附著於生長表面上來製備接收拔除毛髮之六孔典 養盤;從而迫使毛囊真皮細胞與黏附於拔除毛髮之表皮幹 細胞結合。塗覆聚HEMA且在生物安全櫃(,,BSC”)中經空氣 乾燥歷時至少30分鐘。或者,在實驗前一天製備六孔培養 盤。人類真皮纖雄母細胞及人類真皮乳頭細胞係購自:W
Applications, Inc” San Diego, California。另外,由經受毛 髮恢復手術之受檢者完全同意,自其捐贈之人類頭S織 切下之毛囊乳頭獲得毛囊真皮細胞。通常在使用前Μ小時 採集經培養之毛囊真皮細胞且將其於下儲存於 DMEM/F-12培養基中。 ' 基於黏附組織的尺寸及厚度之合適度來分類包括表皮幹 細胞之拔除毛髮。拋棄無組織、具有很少組織之毛髮或看 起來僅具有内_("IRS”)細胞之毛髮。將合適毛髮之角質 層修整為約3_長。隨後將該等所製備之拔除毛髮置於: 孔中含有1 mi DME祕丨2培養基之經聚^财處二 培養盤中。隨後將-毫升所製備之真皮纖維母細胞心皮 礼頭細胞之懸浮液添加至孔中’將最終體積調至 ::萬:細胞/毫升至1千萬個細胞/毫升之真皮細胞濃度I /在無菌條件下在無菌賦中進行所有步驟。以蓋子 六孔培養盤且將其置於训恆溫箱中歷時30分鐘。择 ::’於室:显下使用機動傾斜搖板㈣ :日,。隨後將具有結合真皮細胞之黏附表皮幹細胞的 侍拔除毛髮植入於nu/nM、鼠體内。在一些情、兄, 植入裸I體内之前於抓或代下將樣本培育隔夜。’ 116597.doc -21 - 200803877 實例4:螢光標記 對將使用共焦顯微法(來 行表面受體之抗體標記/作見:1及2)研究之樣本而言,進 記具有黏附組織的拔除毛< ㈣步驟,以CD2GG勞光標 見圖1。在—單獨f \ ° CD200標記表皮幹細胞。參 且有婉二= 中’在毛囊真皮細胞群中培育 ”有、4附(未標記)表皮幹細胞的拔除 以抗體CD73及OD90雙標記毛 " ^ . ^ t + 乇震真皮細胞群。CD90(綠色) 才示圮所有類型之真皮細胞。 、T巴) ρ , 1 D73(橘頁色)為間葉幹細胞之 已知抗體。以1:200之濃度添 一 之對比可見,經CD73標記之體。猎由圖2與圖1 、、、I,、表皮幹細胞所定位的 抜除毛髮上之區域選擇性結合。 Γ列5:在裸(nu/nu)鼠及scid小鼠中長期植入人類拔除毛 4移植物及經毛囊真皮細胞育種之拔除人類毛髮。 除了使經移植之毛髮移植物在活體内存留較長時間(― 般長於4個月)外’如實例2所述對^叫鼠及裸㈣㈣鼠 進行手術。在具有白毛之咖小鼠之情況下,來自經植入 之對照整個人類毛髮移植物之毛幹有時突破皮膚且繼績延 長。麥見圖3。在兩小鼠類型之皮膚下所觀察到之人類毛 髮移植物似乎相當。如藉由將圖8與圖3對比可見,由拔除 毛髮移植物(圖8 )所誘導之毛囊再生在外觀上與整個毛囊移 植物(圖3)驚人地相似。 實例6 :在具有植入細胞之豬中的毛囊再生 遵照當前準則在IACUC核可規程下將經專門育種之辛克 萊(Sinclair)微型豬用作受檢者。使用無菌手術技術在全身 H6597.doc -22- 200803877 麻醉下對動物進行所有程序。 藉由Zheng等人在美國專利申請案2〇〇6〇〇6277〇,
Organogenesis from dissociated cells” 中揭示之用於自新 生小鼠皮膚分離真皮及表皮細胞的方法獲得及新鮮處理新 生同種皮膚。由於豬皮膚(如人類皮膚)至少比小鼠皮膚厚 倍,吾人設法在包括脂肪-真皮介面之真皮中之各層面 上植入細胞。藉由以铒_YAG雷射精確形成尺寸化腔來達 成以上目的。以MATRIGEL-(BD Bi〇sciences,San Jose, CA USA 95 131)組合細胞且以各種深度植入。作為對照, 進行習知毛髮移植手術。 進行活組織檢查試片之常規組織學評估。在一種情況 下,將雄性新生細胞植入雌性成年豬體内且所得植入部位 I由使用y染色體特異性探針之螢光原位雜交(,,FISH")來評 估含有雄性細胞之毛囊結構的存在。早在植入3〇天後偵測 新生毛囊且當將細胞移植於脂肪-真皮介面之層面上時新 生毛囊最順利地形成。 在重複研究中,18個植人中有8個及48個植入中有19個 形成毛囊。不像源自離散細胞之小鼠毛囊再生,其每次注 射產生數十個個別但隨機定向之毛囊,而豬細胞在各植入 邛/刀僅形成單個毛囊。在雌性豬中植入雄性細胞之情況 下’ y染色體陽性細胞之偵測確定所形成之毛囊含有植入 、、田月已忒等毛囊持績產生向内生長之毛幹。然而,由於對 整個毛囊移植而言亦觀察到向内生長之毛髮的驚人速率, 因此其對宿主系統可為特有的。 116597.doc •23- 200803877 為解決向内生長之毛髮的問題, 路1 磚將無活細胞之拔除豬毛 ,0 ^ 28天後,觀察到新球部形 成且其定向於植入毛幹朝向表皮 双反之方向,如圖7所示。由 未添加拔除毛髮之植入細胞所形 ^ Κ所有毛囊的相似組織 。”刀產生與表皮平行而非朝向表皮之球部。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為具有黏附表皮幹細胞之 — 颶之拔除毛髮之共焦顯微照
片。藉由表皮幹細胞將螢夹椤士 4二 灯實尤5己杬體吸收至CD200細胞表 面蛋白上來揭不表皮幹細胞。 圖2為與毛囊真皮細胞活體外共培育之拔除毛髮之共焦 顯微照片,該等毛囊真皮細胞經螢光標記抗體雙標記至 CD73(橘黃色)及CD9〇(綠色)細胞表面蛋白。cd9〇標記所 有類型之真皮細胞。CD73為用於間葉幹細胞之已知標 記。 圖2a(叙入圖)為展示其中培育圖2之拔除毛髮之細胞群體 的共焦顯微照片。 圖3為SCID小鼠在移植包含2根毛發之習知人類頭皮毛囊 單位毛髮移植物之位點的皮膚下側之照片。 圖3a(右部嵌入圖)為如在該SCIEH、鼠皮膚表面上所見之 自人類毛髮移植物移植長出之兩根相同毛幹之照片。 圖3b(左部肷入圖)為具有黏附表皮幹細胞之典型拔除毛 髮之照片。 圖4為在移植前部分負載於27號皮下注射針頭之拔除毛 髮之照片。在針頭中之毛髮突出端具有”棒狀„末端。已展 I16597.doc -24- 200803877 端之其他毛髮’μ棒狀末端現已 不數根具有相似棒狀末 埋於皮膚下。 圖5為已注入由虐 皮戍且略微撤回之負載有一 理食鹽水溶液之居下兮μ μ 技除毛髮及生 從<皮下左射針頭的照片。 圖6為已適當移植之拔除毛髮之照片。 圖7為其中在㈣與真皮之間的介面移植有 緒(同種)皮膚細胞之位點處經活組織檢查之豬皮膚=
Η&£木色之組織部分。無活細胞之拔除' -起移植。 、毛原性細胞 圖8為具有黏附表皮幹細胞及所結合革 義具皮細胞、 置於nu/nu小氣皮膚下歷時20週的經移楂拔除毛髮 片。 …、 116597.doc -25-
Claims (1)
- 200803877 十、申請專利範圍: 1· -種毛髮移植物’其包含至少一具有黏附表皮幹細胞及 與該等表皮幹細胞結合之毛囊真皮細胞的拔除毛髮。 2 · 如請求項1之移植物,JL φ嫦笙主4 士 1 ,、甲4寺毛囊真皮細胞為真皮乳 頭細胞或真皮鞘細胞。 3. 如請求項1之移植物,其進一步白人 逆 步包含一生物吸收性支 架04·如請求項2之移植物 内腔的中空細絲。 5·如請求項3之移植物 中0 其中該生物吸收性支架為具有一 其中δ亥拔除毛髮係位於該内腔 其中該中空細絲具有一密封末 6 ·如請求項3之移植物 端0 端 增項3之移植物,纟中該中空細絲具有 8·如睛求項3之移植物, 阶占 其進一步包含内含於該細絲之户 腔中的保護劑。 9·如請求項7之移植物 其中該保護劑為纖維材料、形成 嘁膠之材料或多孔材料。办对 1〇.如請求項7之移植物,Α 垣成之群:膝原蛋白、明^ 係選自由以下各物 精、聚葡萄胺糖、=勝、纖維素衍生物、搬粉、. , 曰蛋白、膠原蛋白及明膠之重組人類 形式、血纖維蛋白片 m 原、血纖維蛋白、纖維結合蛋白、昆 布fe酸、白蛋白、 叱 血4、多醣、黏多醣及其組合。 116597.doc 200803877 …月未⑽之移植*,其中該形成凝膠之材料係選自由 以下各物級成之群:膠原蛋白、明膠、白蛋白、昆布胺 酸、硫酸肝素蛋白聚糖、内動素、氧化乙稀、氧化丙 細、具有共價反應以形成凝勝網路之端基的聚乙二醇分 子及其組合。12·如凊求項10之移植物,《中該形成凝膠之材料包含氧化 乙稀與氧化㈣之共聚物,其中該共聚物以親水方式塗 佈於該内I面從而在該移植物置於㉟暖環境中時形成凝 13·如請求項10之移植物,其中該保護劑係經交聯。 14·如請求項2之移植物,其中該生物吸收性支架進一步包 含與該支架結合的至少一部分。 15·如請求項13之移植物,其中該部分係選自由以下各物組 成之群·生長因子、血管生成因子、細胞附著結合位點 为、細胞發信分子、小分子、糖蛋白、生物活性分子 及其組合。 16· —種毛髮移植物,其包含至少一具有黏附表皮幹細胞之 拔除毛髮,該至少一拔除毛髮係位於生物吸收性支架 中,其中該生物吸收性支架含有保護劑及複數個毛囊真 皮細胞。 17· —種製造包含來自至少一毛囊之至少一拔除毛髮之毛髮 移植物及與毛囊真皮細胞一起培育該至少一拔除毛髮以 形成毛髮移植物的方法,其中該至少一拔除毛髮具有魏 附表皮幹細胞。 116597.doc 200803877 18·如請求項16之方法,其中該等毛囊真皮細胞為真皮乳頭 細胞。 19·如請求項16之方法,其中該至少一拔除毛髮及毛囊真皮 細胞係在具有一内腔之支架中培育。 20·如請求項19之方法,其中該支架係為生物吸收性。 21 ·如明求項19之方法,其進一步包含位於該支架中之保護 劑。 22.如請求項21之方法,其中該等毛囊真皮細胞係位於該保 護劑中。 23· —種植入一毛髮移植物之方法,其包含在受檢者皮膚中 形成一創口,且將如請求項1之毛髮移植物植入該創口 中。 護劑置於該創口 24·如請求項23之方法,其進一步包含將保 中。 清、血漿或其組 25·如請求項24之方法,其中該保護劑為血清、 合0 26. 如請求項23之方法,其中該毛髮移植物進—步包含一生 物吸收性支架。 27. 如請求項23之方法,其中該生物吸收性支架進一步包含 與該支架結合的一部分。 28·如請求項27之方法’其中該部分係選自由以下各物組成 之群:生長因子、血管生成因子、細胞附著結合位點部 分、細胞發信分子、小分子、多肽、糖蛋白、生物活性 分子及其組合。 116597.doc 200803877 29·如請求項23之方法,其中該至少一拔 议h毛髮係來自該受 檢者。 3 0 ·如清求項2 6之方法,盆中該羊壹吉士 囊真皮細胞係來自該受檢 者。 31· —種植入一毛髮移植物之方法,其包含: a)將一注射器裝入保護劑; b)將如請求項1之毛髮移植物裝入-皮下注射針頭中;及32· 33. 2將該毛髮移植物及該保護劑注射入受檢者體内。 如請求項31之方法,其中該毛髮移植物及該保護劑係注 射入皮膚之最上層脂肪中。 -種用於鑑定誘導毛囊真皮細胞之方法,其包含在毛囊 真皮細胞中培育具有黏附表皮幹細胞之至少一拔除毛 髮,其中_ & ^寺表皮幹細胞選擇性地吸引可誘導毛囊再生 之毛囊真皮細胞。 116597.doc 200803877 七、 指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第(1 )圖。 (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: (無元件符號說明) 八、 本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式: ,. (無)116597.doc
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-
2006
- 2006-11-22 AR ARP060105128A patent/AR057628A1/es unknown
- 2006-11-22 US US11/603,818 patent/US20070122387A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-11-22 WO PCT/US2006/061193 patent/WO2007062387A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-11-22 TW TW095143292A patent/TW200803877A/zh unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116173300A (zh) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-05-30 | 郑州大学第一附属医院 | 一种植物脱细胞人工血管及其制备方法 |
| CN116173300B (zh) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-08-22 | 郑州大学第一附属医院 | 一种植物脱细胞人工血管及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AR057628A1 (es) | 2007-12-05 |
| WO2007062387A2 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
| WO2007062387A3 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
| WO2007062387B1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
| US20070122387A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
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