SU936818A3 - Смазочный состав - Google Patents
Смазочный состав Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SU936818A3 SU936818A3 SU782652605A SU2652605A SU936818A3 SU 936818 A3 SU936818 A3 SU 936818A3 SU 782652605 A SU782652605 A SU 782652605A SU 2652605 A SU2652605 A SU 2652605A SU 936818 A3 SU936818 A3 SU 936818A3
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- ester
- zinc
- friction
- dispersant
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N (e)-10-[2-(7-carboxyheptyl)-5,6-dihexylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]dec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC1C=CC(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C(\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C1CCCCCC CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 linoleic acid dimer ester Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZJTUOGZUKFLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclooctane Chemical group CC1CC(C)CC(C)CC(C)C1 BZJTUOGZUKFLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHVPYSDWYKUDMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenyl-2h-thiazine Chemical compound N1SC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 IHVPYSDWYKUDMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTCSAHOSBFKZQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyloxathiine Chemical compound O1SC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 BTCSAHOSBFKZQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formic acid Chemical class OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000243251 Hydra Species 0.000 description 1
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTGXNCOSEVWXPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl] 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate Chemical compound COC1=CC(C(=O)OCC(=O)N(C)C)=CC(OC)=C1OC JTGXNCOSEVWXPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001458 anti-acid effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003831 antifriction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoniazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SGSDSJVQCWBUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenoxynaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NOC1=CC=CC=C1 SGSDSJVQCWBUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005677 organic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CBXWGGFGZDVPNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N so4-so4 Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O CBXWGGFGZDVPNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N zafuleptine Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(C(C)C)NCC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/288—Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
- C10M2207/302—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
- C10M2207/304—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monohydroxy compounds, dihydroxy compounds and dicarboxylic acids only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/32—Esters of carbonic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Description
1
Изобретение относитс к устойчивому при хранении смазочному соста-. ЗУ, содержащему комплексную добав . ку, улучшаю1дую антифрикционные и противоизносрые свойства.
Как известно, в услови х, именуемых граничной смазкой, создаетс необходимость смазывать две трущиес поверхности или же защищать их иным способом в цел х предупреждени износа и обеспечени непрерывного движени . Там, 1.де трение между двум поверхност ми повьпиает потребление энергии, необходимой Дл осуществлени движени , и где движение вл етс составной частью системы преобразовани знергии , крайне желательна смазка, свод ща это трение к минимуму. Известно также, что и трение и H-Jнос можно уменьшить с разным успехом путем добавлени соответствукжшх добавок или их комбинаций к натуральному или синтетическому смазочному
материалу. Таким же образом можно . обеспечить непрерывное движение, путем добавлени Одной или нескольких соответствующих добавок. 5
MeтaлJшчecкиe диалкклдитиофосфаты представл ют собой р д известных добавок, обладающих противоокислйтельными противоизносными свой 0 ствами.
Известны добавки этого класса диалкилдитиофосфаты цинка, примен e a .e в смазочных составах ij.
В то врем , как цинковые составы
5 обладают отличной устойчивостью к окислению и отличными противоизносными свойствами, однако они увеличивают или же в значительной мере ограничивают способность понижать
20 трейие между движущимис част ми, поэтому применение составов, их содержащих приводит к значительным Потер м энергии при противодействии трению, даже при включении в состав антифрикционных, средств. 3 Смазочные составы, содержащие в качестве присадок смеси на основе MacnopacTBOpHNbix димерных кислот и полиолов 2j и сложные эфиры, полу чаемые взаимодействием компонентов такого рода 3 обладают хорошими противоизносными свойствами. Одрако смеси f3} неольз примен ть в картерных маслах, поскольку кислотный компонент дает коррозию и взаимодействует с обычным цинковым компонентом, обыкновенно примен емым дл снижени износа съемника клапана; при использовании же более дешевых гликолей с короткими цепйми в цел х получени экономически более рентабельных смесей эти гликоли выкипают при обычных услови х работы. Кроме того, сложноэфирные компоненты также имеют тенденцию вза имодействовать с диалкилдитиофосфатом цинка и, тем самым, вызывать возможное осаждение или выделение из смазочного состава в виде капель, т.е. оно вл етс неустойчивым соеди нением. Известен смазочный состав, содерж щий базовое масло, диуглеводороддитиофосфат металла, в частности ди ()-алкилдитиофосфат цинка и дис пергатор - продукт взаимодействи полиалкенил нтарной кислоты и полиамина t. Известный состав обладает моющими свойствами, однако имеет неудовлетворительные противоизносные свойства Целью изобретени вл етс уменьшение трени при сохранении других эксплуатационных свойств. Поставленна цель достигаетс тем что смазочный состав, содержащий базовое масло, ди (Сд-Сг) алкилдитио фосфат цинка и диспергатор, дополнительно содержит сложный эфир димера линолевой кислоты и диэтиленгликол и диспергатор, выбранный из группы , включающей продукт взаимодействи ангидрида полиизобутенил нтарной кислоты, пентаэритрита и полиамина, продукт взаимодействи ангидрида по лиизо5 тенш1 нтарной кислоты и поли амина, борсодержащий продукт взаимо действи ангидрида полиизобутилен н тарной кислоты и полиамина, продукт взаимодействи ангидрида полиизобутенил нтарной кислоты и трис(оксиметил )-аминометана при следующем со отношеьши компонентов, вес.%: 8 Ди () алкилдитиофосфат цинка Сложный эфир димера линолеВой кислоты и диэтиленгликол Диспергатор 0,25-6,3 Базовое масло До 100 Описанные добавки могут примен тьс в стандартных базовых маслах в вместе с другими обычными добавками и присадками. Однако важным условием изобретени вл етс то, что дл получени составов, устойчивых к хранению и сохран ющих свои исключительные антифрикционные и противоизносные свойства, диалкилдитиофосфат цинка и сложный эфир димера линолевой кислоты и диэтиленгликол должны быть предварительно диспергированы. Под предварительно диспервыражением гирован следует понимать отдельное смешение сЛожноэфирного или цинкового компонента с беззольным диспергатором , который может быть растворен масле, до получени , в основном, прозрачного и полностью смешивающегос раствора. Этот процесс смешивани может быть ускорен путем нагрева раствора до температуры пор дка до . Если этот пропримерно цесс не осушествл ть, цинковый компонент после определенного срока начинает взаимодействовать со сложньгм эфиром или образовывать с ним комплексное соединение, выпада при этом из раствора, что влечет за собой потерю устойчивости и ценных свойств состава. В цел х устранени этого недостатка диалкилдитиофосфат цннка ипи сложный эфир отдельно друг от друга диспергируют перед смешением с другими компонентами в смазочном составе. Следует отметить, что остачьные добавки можно добавл ть стандартным или общеприн тым способом при единственном условии, чтобы цинковый исложноэфирный компонешъ не были соединены друг с другом (или же частично)перед тем, как, по меньшей мере, один из них не диспергирован предварительно. Базовые масла, примен емые в составе согласно изобретению, включают минеральные смазочные масла, синтетические смазочные масла и нх смеси . К синтетическим маслам относ ге сложно-дизфирные масла, такие как ди(2-этилгексил)себаци1гат, азел.ш-ьпи адипинат, комплексные сло чсхмцные масла, получаемые из дикарбо .новых кислот, гликолен либо одноосновных кислот либо одноатомных спир тов, силиконовые масла, сульфидные сложные эфиры, органические карбонаты и прочие известные синтетические масла. В цел х получени целевого масла к маслам-составам согласно изобретению , можно добавл ть и другие добавки. К таким добавкам относ тс обычно примен емые добавки: ингибиторы окислени - фенотиазин или фенил-О -нафтиламин, антикоррозионные средства - лецитин или сорбитан моноолеат, детергенты - фенол ты бари , снижа1рщие температуру застывани агенты - сополимеры винилацетата и сложных эфиров муравьиной кислоты и спиртов кокосового масла, агенты, улучшающие индекс в зкости олефиновые сополимеры, полиметакри- латы и т.п. В частности, полезными, добавками вл ютс основные соли ще лочноземй1ьных металлов органической сульфокислоты, нефт ной сульфокислоты или же синтетической алкарилсул фокислоты. Среди нефт ных сульфонатов наиболее полезными продуктами вл ютс получаемые сульфированием соответствующих нефт ных фракций с прследующим удалением кислых осадко и очисткой продукта. .Синтетические алкарилсульфокислоты обычно получают из алкилированных бензолов, таких ка продукты реакции Фридел -Крафтса бен зола с полимером, например тетрапро пиленоМ. Соответствующие кислоты так
HOCH CK2 OCH CH OC{CH2) ( СНг)5 СН
HOCH CH OCH CHiOC (CHj)
При получении различных составов примен ют различные диспергаторы.
А. Беззольный диспергатор получаю взаимодействием ангидрида полиизобутвнил нтарной кислоты (АПИБЯК) с полиизобутениловым остатком (ПИБ) со средним молекул рным весом ( СМВJ примерно 900 с эквимол рным количеством пентаэритрита и меньиим количеством полиамнновой смеси, содержащей полиоксипролиленамин и полизтиленамины , получа продукт с содержанием азота примерно 0,35 вес.%. Про-
(Cli.ljC
Hi
дукты зтого типа поставл ютс фирмой Lubrisol Corporation под торговым названием Lubrisol 6401.
Б. Борированный беззольньи диспергатор получают путем конденсации 2,1 моль АПИБЯК ПИБ с СМВ около 1300, растворенного в минеральном масле Solvent Neutral 150 в цел х получени 50%-но о раствора, с i моль тетраэтиленпентамином. Раствор АШБЯК нагревают примерно до 150 С с перемешиванием , полиамин загружают в реактор в течение 4 ч, после чего в ат86 же можно получить сульфированием алкилированных производных таких соединений , как дифениленоксидтиантрен, фенолтиоксин, дифениленсульфин, фенотиазин , дифенилоксид, дифенилсульфид , дифениламин, циклогексан, дека гидр о нафталин и т.п. Основные сульфонаты щелочноземельных металлов получают взаимодействием Основани щелочноземельного металла, например, извести, окиси магни или йлкогол та магни с СОд в присутствии сульфокислоты или нейтральных сульфонатов метал-пов, обычно солей кальций, магни или бари . Эти нейтральные соли, в спою очередь, могут быть .получены из свободных кислот путем взаимодействи с соответствующим основанием щелочноземельного метапла или хсе двойным разложением сульфоната щелочного металла известными методами. Пример 1. Дл получени составов исйользуют моторное масло типа 10 W,- 40 SE, содержащее 1,5 вес./о Е пересчете на общий вес смазочного масла диалкилдитиофосфата цинка (содержащего 80% активного вещества в минеральном масле), в котором алкильные группы представл ют собой смесь таких групп, содержащих примерно 4-5 атомов С (получают взаимодействием . со смесью примерно 65% изобутилового спирта и 35% амилового 0,1% в пересчете на общий вес смазочного масла сложного эфира, полученного зтерификацией димера ли- нолевой кислоты и дизтилёнгликол структурной формулы 7 мосфере азота отго1 ют легкие фракции в течение 3 ч. Температуру выдерживают в пределах диапазона около 140-165С во врем реакдаи и отгонки . Пока полученный продукт выде живают примерно при 135-165 С в течение 34 ч добавл ют 1,4 моль борной кислоты в минеральном масле, по ле чего еще раз в атмосфере азота отгон ют легкие фракции. После ф1шь трации и выпарки в ротационном выпарном аппарате концентрат (50 вес, продукта взаимодействи ) содержит около 1,46 вес,% азота и 0,32 нес.% бора. В. Беззольный диспергатор получают , загружа 1,0 моль АШБЯК с ПИБ-группой с СМВ около 1300, растворенного в 500 мл Solvent Neutral 150, 0,36 моль дигидрата ацетат цинка в качестве промотора и 1,9 мо трис (оксиметил)аминометана (ТОАМ в стекл нный реактор. После нагрева 4 ч примерно при 168-174 С получают ожидаемое количество воды. После фильтрации и выпарки на ротационном выпарном аппарате концентраци (50 вес.%,активного ингредиента) содержит согласно анализу 1,0 вес.% азота. Г. Беззольньш диспергатор получают по примеру Б, с применением 1,3 моль АПИБЯК (пив имеет СМВ около 900) без борировани . содержит 2,1 вес,% азота. При получении целевого смазочного состава сложноэфирный компонент каждого состава вначале диспер гируют в следующих количествах приведенных беззольных диспергаторах: А 5,25 вес.% диспергатора (смеси 46,5 вес.% активного ингредиента в минеральном смазочном масле) Б и В 5,25 вес.% диспергатора (смесь 50 вес.% активного ингредиента в минеральном смазочном масле) Г 6,3 вес.% диспергатора (смеси 50 вес.% по весу активного ингредиента в минеральном смазочном масле) Сложноэфирную часть каждого состава (0,J вес.%) диспергируют в опи санньщ диспергаторах примерно при , перемешива 2 ч, с последующим добавлением в раствор стандартного смазочного состава 10 W - 40 S картерного масла, содержащего антикоррозионные средства, т.е. сверхосновной сульфонат магни , детерген присадку дгш улучшени индекса в з88 кости зтилен-пропиленовый сополимер и указанньи диалкигвдитиофосфат цинка (1,5 вес.% - 80% активного ингредиента в минеральном масле) . В отличие от составов, в которых диалкилдитиофосфат цинка добавл ют к сложному эфиру перед предварительным диспергированием одного из этих двух компонентов, все описанные продукты показывают устойчивость к хранению в течение нескольких мес цев при комнатной температуре. Состав, содержащий диспергатор Г, отличаетс несколько пониженной устойчивостью к хранению, что про вл етс в выпа- |дании в виде капель через две недели при комнатной температуре. Пример2. В этом опыте два состава, полученных аналогично примеру 1 и содержащие диалкилдитиофосфат дишса и сложный эфир, испытывают на относительное трение и износ, примен метод с шаром или цилиндром. В цел х сопоставлени стандартное масло типа 10 W - 30 SE, содержащее только цинковый компонент, также испытывают на относитель ное трение и износ. Устройство, примен емое в этом опыте состоит из закрепленного металлического шара, работающего против вращающегос ц1-тиндра. Нагрузку на шар и вращение цилиндра можно варьировать в течение опыта или от опыта к опыту, равно как и длительность ис- пытани . Однако, как правило, работают при- посто нной нагрузке сталь против стали, посто нных оборотах в минуту и посто нной дпительности опыта ( нагрузка 4 кг, 0,26 об/мин и 70 мин в каждом случае).Действительный износ определ ют замером объема металла, сн того с цилиндра сравнительно со стандартом. Действительное трение определ ют по усилию, необходимому дл осуществлени вращени по сравнению со стандартом. 1. В первом составе смешивают стандартное масло 10 W - 40 SE дл смазки ( то же, что и в примере 1) , содержащее диспергатор Г и 1,5 вес.% диалкюхдитиофосфата цинка (80% активного ингредиента в минеральном масле и прочие стандартные добавки, включа антикоррозионную присадку, детергент, присадку, улучшающую индекс в зкости, но без сложного эфира димера линолевой кислоты и диэтиленгликол .
Claims (1)
- Формула изобретения
-----------------------е Состав ..... - ·· · . . . -. - - - - ·. Относительные.данные по шару/цилиндру Трение Износ 1 1,00 1,00 П 0,59 0,62 Ш 0,62 0,48 Помимо испытания на трение и износ, где в смазочном составе^содержащем диалкилдитиофосфат и сложный эфир димера линолевой кислоты и диэтиленгликоля, сортавы П и Ш показывают улучшение этих свойств, состав 1 (без сложного эфира) и состав Ш подвергают стандартному испытанию (Seguence III с Test в двигателе в целях определения изноеа съемника клапана (см. табл. 2)..•Таблица?Смазочный состав, содержащий базовое маслд, ди (С^-Cj )-алкипдитиофосфат цинка и диспергатор, отличающийся тем, что, с целью уменьшения трения., состав дополнительно содержит сложный эфир димера линолевой кислоты и диэтиленгликоля и диспергаторвыбранный из группы, включающей продукт взаимо’'действия ангидрида полиизобутенилянтарной кислоты, пентаэритрита и полиамина, продукт взаимодействия ангидрида полиизобутенилянтарной кислоты и полиамина, борсодержащий продукт взаимодействия ангидрида полиизобутенилянтарной кислоты и полиамина, продукт взаимодействия ангидрида полиизобутенилянтарной кислоты и трис (оксиметил)-аминометана, при следующем соотношении компонентов, вес.%:Ди (С^-С^) алкипдитиофосфат цинкаСложный эфир димера линолевой кислоты и диэтиленгликоля Диспергатор Базовое масло1,50,10,25-6,3 До 100
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/826,544 US4105571A (en) | 1977-08-22 | 1977-08-22 | Lubricant composition |
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| SU936818A3 true SU936818A3 (ru) | 1982-06-15 |
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| US4637886A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1987-01-20 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Macrocyclic polyamine and polycyclic polyamine multifunctional lubricating oil additives |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NL262417A (ru) * | 1960-03-15 | |||
| US3180832A (en) * | 1963-03-07 | 1965-04-27 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Oil compositions containing anti-wear additives |
| DE1271877B (de) * | 1963-04-23 | 1968-07-04 | Lubrizol Corp | Schmieroel |
| FR1396645A (fr) * | 1963-04-23 | 1965-04-23 | Lubrizol Corp | Additifs pour huiles lubrifiantes |
| US3381022A (en) * | 1963-04-23 | 1968-04-30 | Lubrizol Corp | Polymerized olefin substituted succinic acid esters |
| US3281356A (en) * | 1963-05-17 | 1966-10-25 | Lubrizol Corp | Thermally stable water-in-oil emulsions |
| NL296139A (ru) * | 1963-08-02 | |||
| US3216936A (en) * | 1964-03-02 | 1965-11-09 | Lubrizol Corp | Process of preparing lubricant additives |
| US3446737A (en) * | 1966-08-18 | 1969-05-27 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Friction reducing additive comprising metal soap solubilized in oil by an ncontaining dispersant |
| US3442808A (en) * | 1966-11-01 | 1969-05-06 | Standard Oil Co | Lubricating oil additives |
| US3429817A (en) * | 1968-02-29 | 1969-02-25 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Diester lubricity additives and oleophilic liquids containing the same |
| US3562159A (en) * | 1968-06-26 | 1971-02-09 | Lubrizol Corp | Synthetic lubricants |
| US3576743A (en) * | 1969-04-11 | 1971-04-27 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubricant and fuel additives and process for making the additives |
| US3632511A (en) * | 1969-11-10 | 1972-01-04 | Lubrizol Corp | Acylated nitrogen-containing compositions processes for their preparationand lubricants and fuels containing the same |
| US3804763A (en) * | 1971-07-01 | 1974-04-16 | Lubrizol Corp | Dispersant compositions |
| US3933659A (en) * | 1974-07-11 | 1976-01-20 | Chevron Research Company | Extended life functional fluid |
-
1977
- 1977-08-22 US US05/826,544 patent/US4105571A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1978
- 1978-06-26 IN IN475/DEL/78A patent/IN148664B/en unknown
- 1978-06-26 CA CA306,197A patent/CA1097320A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-26 ZA ZA00783637A patent/ZA783637B/xx unknown
- 1978-06-27 NZ NZ187690A patent/NZ187690A/xx unknown
- 1978-06-28 AU AU37556/78A patent/AU520291B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-29 FI FI782094A patent/FI63594C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-06-30 IT IT25224/78A patent/IT1098356B/it active
- 1978-07-04 SE SE7807537A patent/SE443368B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-10 FR FR7820567A patent/FR2401218A1/fr active Granted
- 1978-07-12 GB GB7829646A patent/GB2002810B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-07-12 DK DK313778A patent/DK150640C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-14 NL NL7807606A patent/NL7807606A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-07-20 NO NO782506A patent/NO146643C/no unknown
- 1978-07-25 BE BE2057164A patent/BE869226A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-28 DE DE19782833171 patent/DE2833171A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-07-31 BR BR7804924A patent/BR7804924A/pt unknown
- 1978-07-31 AT AT0554178A patent/AT365631B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-08-02 CH CH824978A patent/CH638560A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-08-17 PH PH21507A patent/PH13339A/en unknown
- 1978-08-21 SU SU782652605A patent/SU936818A3/ru active
- 1978-08-22 JP JP10151578A patent/JPS5443207A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE7807537L (sv) | 1979-02-23 |
| ATA554178A (de) | 1981-06-15 |
| FI782094A7 (fi) | 1979-02-23 |
| DE2833171A1 (de) | 1979-03-01 |
| DK150640B (da) | 1987-05-04 |
| FI63594C (fi) | 1983-07-11 |
| CH638560A5 (de) | 1983-09-30 |
| NZ187690A (en) | 1980-03-05 |
| IN148664B (ru) | 1981-05-02 |
| GB2002810B (en) | 1982-05-12 |
| SE443368B (sv) | 1986-02-24 |
| DK313778A (da) | 1979-02-23 |
| BE869226A (nl) | 1979-01-25 |
| NO146643B (no) | 1982-08-02 |
| PH13339A (en) | 1980-03-13 |
| BR7804924A (pt) | 1979-04-10 |
| US4105571A (en) | 1978-08-08 |
| GB2002810A (en) | 1979-02-28 |
| IT7825224A0 (it) | 1978-06-30 |
| NO782506L (no) | 1979-02-23 |
| JPH0129838B2 (ru) | 1989-06-14 |
| JPS5443207A (en) | 1979-04-05 |
| FR2401218B1 (ru) | 1983-01-21 |
| CA1097320A (en) | 1981-03-10 |
| FR2401218A1 (fr) | 1979-03-23 |
| DK150640C (da) | 1987-11-02 |
| AT365631B (de) | 1982-02-10 |
| FI63594B (fi) | 1983-03-31 |
| NO146643C (no) | 1982-11-10 |
| AU520291B2 (en) | 1982-01-21 |
| NL7807606A (nl) | 1979-02-26 |
| IT1098356B (it) | 1985-09-07 |
| ZA783637B (en) | 1979-06-27 |
| AU3755678A (en) | 1980-01-03 |
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