SU539509A3 - Centrifugal casting machine - Google Patents

Description

(54) INSTALLATION FOR CENTRIFUGAL CASTING

1 H3Meiie; nie the magnitude of the nodal displacement of the bucket depending on the quality of the metal, vyyvva.yugo of the bucket; PA FIG. 13 - mandrel; ka f ir. 14 is a section along BB in FIG. 13; pa fpg. 15 - device for lubrication, for fng. 1G - glacier table, type of sp ;; one; on phpg. 17 - main turning; etol, view in shlano; in fig. 18 - wrap drive; on fng. 19 - following piston of the main turntable; on phpg. 20 - a section along bb in. 17

The installation for centrifugal ltr includes a p-drive transmiss, a cockpit and a disassembly unit, as well as a rotary column. Turning 1 the column carries the bucket 1, the mandrel 2 and the lubricating device 3 and is mounted on the trolley 4 moving axially along the guides 5, which allows the insertion of the fixed tool of the rotary column axially into the chill mold.

Drive and transmission unit

The drive of the installation is mounted from the main electric motor 6. which causes the chuck 7 to rotate with the metal mold attached to it. Since the drive and transmission units during operation are repeatedly actuated and braked, the electric motor 6 is cooled by means of a blower mechanism that turns on the fan 8, which is driven by the electric motor 9, the air line 10, which has a rotary motor with an external drive.

The working end of the shaft of the main electric motor 6 rotates AND, which, by means of a flexible drive belt 12, transmits a torque to the dush 13 of larger diameter. get a reduction in speed between the motor and chill. . Since the force of the belts is too high for direct transmission to the main shaft 14 from the drive and transmission, the torque transmitted by the belts 12 is transmitted to the main shaft through a conventional bearing block 15 and

coupling 16.

As shown ka fng. 1, the casing 17 of the bearing assembly unit 15 is rigidly fixed to the frame 18 of the installation for receiving a belt force, while the two bearings 19 allow rotation of the shaft 20 in the bearing unit to transfer the rotational force through the coupling 16 to the main shaft 14. Moment rotation, transmitted to the main shaft 14 through the coupling 16, is then transmitted to a rotating faceplate 7 fixed to the main shaft by means of bolts 21 in order to rotate the mold mounted on the faceplate. The speed of the main shaft 14 is controlled by the device, setting the speed and positioning of the cokn (shown in Figs. 3 and 4), which includes selectively fitted with holes in the wheel 22 mounted on the shaft so that between three close and 23-2-25 switches fixed on holders 26 mounted on a block of CS 27. The uppermost of the adjacent switches, gels 23, are radically determined with respect to six holes 28 located in an arc on the wheel 22 to measure the speed of rotation of the shaft 14 by counting positives nereklyuchatel-operation track 23 for a certain period of time while, as the lower track switch 24 mounted on the outer projecting radnusu semicircle 29

15, wheel 22 is designed to determine whether shaft 14 is rotating, taking into account the continuous operation of the track switch. The third track switch 25 serves to install the rotating plate 7 and the mold, installed on it at a certain angular orientation with the help of a traction device (shown in Fig. 1) of the installation, when the track switch coincides with the ledge 30 directed outward from the wheel 22.

5 In order to achieve the intended mutual position between the protrusion 30 and the track switch 25 (resultant1, its mutual arrangement between the die and the traction device), the electric motor 31 is connected with the opposite end of the shaft of the main electric motor 6 of the drive through gear reducer 32 and the electric coupling 33 to perform slow rotation the main shaft 14 after the end of the rotation of the mold in

5 end of the casting process. After termination of the centrifugal main motor 6 of the drive is stationary, the electric clutch 33 is turned on and the electric motor 31 and slowly rotates the shaft 14 until

In this case, the protrusion 30 does not coincide with the path switch 25. When the protrusion 30 coincides with the switch 25, the drive motor 31 is switched off and the brake is applied to stop the rotation of the chill mold. The clutch 33 is turned off and the cone piston of the hydrocylinder 34 fits into the groove in the rotating faceplate 7 to lock the faceplate in a certain position. Cooling fluid, usually water, passes in the direction of the axis into the outer-circular chamber 35 through the openings 36 into the water jacket 37, surrounding the end of the main shaft 14, distant from the metal mold, and the cooler flows through the opening 38 to the shaft to the central tube 39 transmission axis along the shaft. the cooler is then moved into an annular chamber 40 formed by a partition 41 and a plug 42, from where the cooler flows radially out through the holes 43 in the shaft and the flexible hose 44 to pass successively through four separate soydil forming the metal mold. The cooler then returns through the holes 45 to the axial flow channel 46 between the shaft 14 and

pipe 39 to return to the annular ka. measure 47 along the path of the radial hole 48 in the shaft 14. Of the annular flange; chambers 47, the cooler flows through the opening 49 in the water casing 37 to return to the temperature and pumping station for recirculation through the metal mold. The internal partition 50 serves to separate the circulating coolant flows in the adjacent annular chambers and at the shaft 14 of the shaft 14 at that time, as conventional seals 51 / prevent leakage of the coolant around the shaft. The main shaft 14 is supported at the drive end by a spherical sensor 52, and the bearing of the tapered rollers 53 is located at the end of the shaft, transmitting movement to receive both radial and axially directed loads. A conventional tapered roller bearing is located between the shaft 14 and the housing 54 in a fixed axial position, while the spherical bearing 52 slides along the axis between the shaft and the housing in order to prevent axial load of the bearing shaft. Both bearings are lubricated with oil circulating between the rotating shaft and the fixed housing, the inlet and the outlet, respectively, through suction and pressure nozzles 55 and 56 in the housing. Kokil knot and dismantling knot Hydraulic cylinders 57 are mounted on a plate 58, rigidly fastened to the frame 18 and serve to drive the tool for connecting the chill mold in the axial direction, thus skrii 1 chill mold to the position for removal. In order to join the chill mold, the bore shaft 59 of the cylinder 57 is mutually set in motion by the annular plate 60, and the plate movement is transmitted through the outer ring of the tapered roller idler 61 for axial movement of the rotating bodies of the liner and the inner ring of the shaft 14 along the shaft 14. As the inner ring. The backsheet 61 forms an inseparable back wall 62, back wall and the rods 63 are rigidly fixed to the periphery of the rear wall and can thus move in the axial direction when the pistons 59 are actuated. Axial movement of the rods 63 causes the conical annular surface 64 of the locking rings 65 and 66 to move. conical outer radial surfaces 67 and 68 of the gripping jaws 69 of the mold to create radial sliding of the jaws along the T-shaped groove. 70 (shown in Fig. 5) of the rotating flap 7 and thus closes four sections and chill molds attached respectively to each S0 ° disposed through cam 69, into one collecting cylinder assembly. The limit switches 71 are mounted outside the casing 54 in order to measure the external output of the pistons 59, i.e. the limit switch is triggered by the stop 72, which moves to the plate 73, attached to the plate 60. As the outer and inner locking rings 65 and 66 are locked The coil of the device may not axially come into contact with the conical grips 67 and 68 of the compression clad kuks of Yu with the same jaws due to the non-diyak thermal expansion of the cams during casting, the outer locking ring 65 and the iodine axis are individually locked dual set of curved springs 74 shown in FIG. 6, to compensate for the effect of teraturic expansion. A chill mold is best formed from four arcuate sections 75-78, having axial protrusions 79 that are interconnected to each other, in order to accurately position the section while forming an assembled chill that is capable of hardening the molten metal. The radially inward edges 80 of the axial ends of the mating chill sections have protrusions with a cone with a positive upl, preferably along the radius, for a tight fit of the chill sections with precise positioning of the texture. When the die is used for casting the housings of dynamo-electric machines, the inner surface or, preferably, the section is provided with slotted shaped slits to form a plurality of triangular grooves 81 extending in the axially parallel direction in each section of the mold for producing cooling fins required on the cast housings preventing the removal of chill molds from the casting. In order to achieve such a result, it is necessary to have a corresponding cone, for example, with a narrowing of the mold in the wall. Each wall of the chill mold is attached to the cam, which clutches the chill mold, with bolts 82. Through a 83 t square clamp, the cooling liquid 84 from the flexible chuck changer 44 is fed into the zone between the chill mold section and the cam. Since the locking ring compresses the chill sections into one unit, no other means than the conical surface on the gripping chill molds is required along the entire periphery of the chill section to fasten one section of the mold to another. Each section of the mold is provided with four lugs 85 (shown in FIG. 7) in order to hold the sections in the exact position and carry out the change of the molds on the casting machine. So, in order to change the mold to a new size of the case, the bolts 86 are inserted into the molds of the molds to keep the sections in precise polishing, after which the complete assembly is supported by the mandrel 2. The cam 69 has a T-shaped protrusion 87, which allows it to radially moving in the T-shaped groove 70 of the rotating faceplate 7. The radial outer surface of each cam also has a tension bracket 88 for connection to the piston, 89 of a hydraulic tensioning device rigidly attached to the main back plate 90 of the tensioner. The device includes a large hydraulic tensioning cylinder 91, rigidly mounted on the rear plate 90 with crocations 92 and corners 93. The tension cylinder piston 89 has a conical bifurcated part 94 fixed on the thread on the front piston of the piston in order to connect the pulling joints s 88, located along the radial outer surface of the clamping cams 69, while the extension bracket assembly extends outward from the bifurcated sections 94 to support the piston of the cylinder 95, which transmits the drive to double clamping screws AM 96 by aligning the valleys 97 in the forked part and the tension of the bracket cams under the action of the guide} of the liquid on the cylinder of small diameter. Dual conical switches 98 and 99 are mounted along the outer casing of the small-diameter cylinder 95 for ind1-1 knotspolloi and locking files relative to the bifurcated part 94. 89 of the large tension cylinder there is no platform 100 having double guide rods 101 mounted on it turning the limit switches 102 and 103 by stops 104 to indicate the piston 89 extending towards. In order to position four arcuate sections into a cylindrical structure in front of the casting section and simultaneously remove the mold from the casting, four tension cylinders 91 are mounted at intervals of 90 on the main back plate 90 to evenly distribute the bifurcated parts 94 with tension brackets 88 clamping cams 69. Rotary column assembly. The rotary column assembly consists of a bucket 1, an expanding mandrel 2, and a device for lubricating the chill molds 3, extending to the side from the elevated column 105 in positions below Glom to each other through 90 °: BFW 1 includes a cylindrical vessel 106 having a ceramic lining 107 and an outer metal casing 108. A rectangular opening 109 is provided along the crest of the ladle to allow the molten metal to be poured and poured out from the ladle, and the bucket is fixed on the rotating shaft 110, which allows the bucket to tilt to discharge molten metal from the ladle. The back plate 111 is mounted between the bucket and the rotating shaft 110 and coincides with the hole in the skin e. 113 in order to tightly close the rotating chill mold during the pouring of the molten metal. The tilting of the bucket is carried out by a bucket rotating mechanism 114, which includes a hydraulic cylinder 115 rigidly mounted on a turntable for driving a rake 116, coupled with gear 117, / kestK1, which is mounted on a 11.sms stick on the bucket. The hydraulic cylinder itself operates from a hydraulic pressure source 118 by means of an electromagnetic control valve 119. To achieve maximum quality of the finished casting, the magnitude of the angular displacement of the ladle is changed during the pouring of the molten metal into the metal mold. This variable displacement amount is achieved using a bevel template 120, which includes a control element 121 of the valve 119 for changing the valve opening to obtain a larger amount of bucket angular movement at the beginning and end of the pouring than in the middle of the pouring (as shown in the graph in Fig. 12). Expanding mandrel 2 includes four arc segments 122 (shown in Figs. 13 and 14) mounted on cams 123 having sponges entering on a sliding fit into conical grooves 124 of a cruciform core 125. Each core bar 126-129 receives an individual drive from a respective piston of one of the four hydraulic cylinders 130 to securely couple each of the arc segments 122 to the inner surface of the molded part, before the pressure switch in the hydraulic line of each piston of the horizontal cylinder t radial extension of the arc segments. A conical protrusion 131 is provided at the end of the mandrel, remote from the central column 105, and sinks into the faceplate recess 132 during the removal of the chill mold sections from the casting. Thus, both ends of the mandrel are supported and axial bending of the mandrel caused by an uneven distribution of the tensioning forces is prevented. An air valve 133 (shown in Fig. 15) controlling the pressure in the lubrication tank 134 is opened with a limit switch during the longitudinal stroke of the carriage, and the spray head sprays the internal cavity of the mold sections after entering it, ensuring full coverage of the internal part of the mold. As can be seen in FIG. 16, the central column 105 is axially secured to the main rotary table 135 and a plurality of kerchiefs 136 arranged around the lower end 1; the holders provide support for the column and also form a side for setting the cam 137 controlling the speed of rotation of the table. A circular ring 138 fixed on the bottom surface of the turntable serves both to support the table and also the bearing ring to transfer the moment of rotation to the rotating table from the hilvromotor 139 so that the STOL spun on the balls 140, between the circular ring and corresponding to it - ring bracket 141. The ring bracket has a T-shaped shape to create an expanded area-adku for rigid fastening.

9 V

krulyugo kronilsipa with p.chatoforma 142; and the same lfem, the outwardly protruding part of the 1 bracket forms to hold the heavy 138 in a large radial position I.

The speed of the main rotary table 135 is controlled by a valve 143 (shown in FIG. 17), which is opposed to a flow of hydraulic fluid to the 13S motor of a conventional design, rigidly fixed} in a vertical position with a yoke 144. As can be seen from FIG. 17, the cam 145 controlled by the valve 143 is shaped into three arc segments to increase the speed of the central motor 139 from a full stop to the maximum speed under the control of the clathan 143 until the projecting node on the central column 105 matches the chill mold, after which the flow of the working agent to the motor ceases smoothly and the motor stops.

In order to ensure accurate alignment of the rotary collar elites with three plates 146 mounted on it, having corner slots 147 for placing the tapered protrusion 148 of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 149, along the Tponaji Horo cart 4 in position for aligning the rotary column assembly with the cocillet. As soon as the front end of the conical protrusion falls into the triangular slot of the lining 146, an exact mechanical alignment is provided between the protruding element on the central column and the chill. Conical switches 150 (shown in Fig. 19) are actuated by the hydraulic cylinder 149, providing its indication of the position of the conical protrusion} 48 with respect to the slotted lining. A cam 145 with a pinch and as support for three circumferentially rotating table at different heights of stops 151, including three end switches 152 of conventional design for indicating the angle of rotation of the rotating table.

The complete rotary column assembly is mounted on the trolley 4, which through the bearings 153 rests on the longitudinal guides 5. To inform the movement of the telecamera, the front part of the trolley is rigidly fastened by means of the bracket 154 with the front axle110Л5 PORCHN 155 hydraulic clamp 156, rigidly fixed on the base frame 18. The ha of the lugs 157 is reinforced along the side of the carriage in order to operate a plurality of limit switches 158-160 located along the path of the carriages to control the length of movement of the carriage assembly and the start of successive operations in Settings.

Installation operation

The sequential operation of the plant is as follows.

At the beginning, bucket I is filled with a quantity of metal proportional to the size of the body to be cast. Cylinders 91 of the tension mechanism at the time pa539509

ten

They are used to move the kokpli / 5-78 kontsy to form a cylindrical configuration, after which the hydrocylinals 57 are turned on for 1 tightening the clamping rings along the axis 5 of the non-conical cam 69, compressing the metal mold to firmly attach the metal to the plate 7. Hydrocyliidry; .95, control The locking studs 1 and 96 of the tensioning device are turned on to release the bifurcated part 94 from the chill section and, after the tensioning pistons are moved in the cylinder 91, the main drive motor 6 is turned on to rotate the chill mold Height about 500 rev / min. In that

15 moment begins for cooling

 liquids through the chill mold to ensure rapid solidification of the crying

metal during the subsequent pouring of metal in

chill mold.

0 Upon completion of the bucket filling with a predetermined amount of molten metal (which is limited by a switch operating simply from a weight or a time relay), the release control valve is triggered.

5 working agent into hydraulic cylinder 156 to move ladle 1 axially to a chill mold, after which the working agent is discharged into 115, a control rail 131 for slug the molten metal into a rotating chill mold. After rotation of the chill mold for a fixed period of time allowing centrifugal casting of the molten metal to be carried out, the chill mold is stopped by dynamic braking of the electric motor 6

5 of the main drive, then the electric motor 31 is turned on for slowly turning the chill mold until the protrusion 30 coincides with the track offset. Officer 25. Kokil locked up. The turning column moves obratno along the nap; o-va yush, nx 5 under the action of the hydrolillder 156, so that the bucket is pressed from the mold, and fixed in the position at which the mandrel 2 is aligned with the chill mold under the action of the working agent entering the hydro5 motor 139 until the appropriate limit switch 152 stops the flow of the working agent to the motor. After accurately positioning the rotary table 135 by pushing the conical protrusion 148 into the corner groove in the plate 146, the hydraulic cylinder 156 is again activated to move the helix towards the metal mold and the expansion mandrel 2 is axially inserted into the metal mold. Mandrel expands 1p

5 radius under the action of the working agent entering the hydraulic cylinder 130, control. longitudinal movement of the core 125 to the contact of the arc segments 122 with the inner surface of the casting.

0 After the pressure valve in the hydraulic line of the cylinder 130 shows contact between each arc segment and the inner surface of the casting, the tensioning cylinder 91 is turned on to move the bifurcated part 94 to align

eleven.

With the tension rib chill, valve 133 is opened with a limit switch 159 to create pressure in tank 134 for the internal surface of the chill mold sections. Then the spray head is removed from the internal mold of the chill mold and, after the installation of the rotary column. To align the KOBHia with the chill mold, the installation is ready for a new cycle.

Formula and 3 about b ete e and l

1. An installation for a Dentuberage casting, which includes the drive of a multi-section mold, a device for connecting the sections of a mold, a device for transmitting torque from the drive to the mold, and a casting device, so that by automating the casting process, it is equipped with a device for removing the chill mold sections from the casting, which is located radially relative to the latter, with a device for combining the casting with a mandrel having drives for putting it into the casting hollow and for

12

casting mandrel, and brake for

capture chill mold.

2. Installation by and. 1, characterized in that the chill mold is provided with a device for its

lubricants with a displacement drive with respect to the latter and with a cooling system of the chill mold sections, made with grooves located along the longitudinal axis of the chill mold.

3. Installation by im. I and 2, characterized in that filling device, mandrel

and a device for lubricating the metal mold, mounted on a common rotary column, moving reciprocating relative to the metal mold.

4. Installation but also. 1-3, characterized in that the device for connecting the sections of the chill mold is made in the form of conical fusing rings mounted for movement relative to the chill mold and provided

compensator alignment of the radial force of the rings on the chill.

5. Installation by pi. 1-4, characterized in that the mandrel is made in the form of arc plates, each of which is provided with

individual drive.

.nj

about

I

f- m

-r- -Ш

,

 (.....- J -.;:. 4:

, rr zr; z: f - j-4 FIG. 6

80

86

85

86

S2 100

3497

feaJ CO oo

95

.. Ш1-ЕЕЗГ-г-1

.

539509

"Uh

J5mv Irp / ШШ. . / 1 ®)

--11 | 1Ш1 (

1 e © n st

 Y / ,, g, 4: -Sh, E-: -h: G i-Xx :: ---.-. to..-. vCV- “iif / xj / c О ::: 1Шс 1 (; Щ У -1: -Иimc 1 1Щ-У-Т -: у,:, I fe. Р /;: / II TV / -. / / /// i .. - ... .----:. / I mK ni | ffJ; f: fl, .. djibib f: Mi trr .io jj,., „.. - ,,. ,, -f,., .... „/ / - ir (- - ---- i--.--, - - rr jj-z -: - .luo -.-: -: -.: - : ЛУ i гГ -. /.. / ....;:: - -, -: -,. 3. 1Я1, ZSSSiS lrIflLfe.}

iJJup- 15: i :: r :: -L - ,,.,. ,, 7l - i-jU ri j f | 4i ..: i-- -. I ..i., .-. - i -7R. "Fi ft

ZhSh | ,, 1 w

. :

Wus.18

1rig.1E

t

IJIlI SSM ,,.

Sch 152

t t

u

151

135

,,, -elv