SU35427A1 - Method and apparatus for the mechanical analysis of soils, sands and similar materials - Google Patents

Description

Methods are known for the mechanical analysis of soils, sands, and similar materials, which consist of passing a stream of liquid or air through a test material suspended in a liquid, which separates particles by weight due to their different rate of falling in a liquid. According to the proposed method Throwing the particles of the test material into the water is poured over a layer of liquid that is heavier than the water and is not wetted by it, with the aim of ensuring a quieter rise of the anti-rising stream of water.

For the implementation of the method, an instrument is proposed, made in the form of: a vessel with a water supply hole in the lower part and a tube for draining the fraction on the side. The goal is to prevent the pouring of liquid from the lower opening inside the vessel into a mesh.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the device; FIG. 2-separatory funnel to add soil to the instrument.

The proposed method is based on the principle of separation of water flow and falling particles in calm water. This is achieved

(421)

by the fact that it does not wet (for example, carbon tetrachloride) pass a series of water streams through the liquid; The latter, when passing through a non-wetting fluid, takes a spherical shape, with a series of balls at a certain water transmission rate forming a flow chain. As a result, a series of bubbles of water covered with a surface tension film is formed on the surface of the liquid with water and creates the appearance of a layer of foam. The breaking of the surface film of the upper layer of water balls and the continuous current of formation of new balls create an upwardly convex flow of water in a cylindrical vessel.

If particles of different diameters are placed in a suspended state on the surface of a liquid with water and create an upward convectional flow of water, then as water moves up, the particles will differentiate, i.e., will separate larger ones.

Bringing the water level to a known height, its current is stopped and the particles begin to fall.

In this way, it is intended to achieve a significant acceleration of soil analysis.

The proposed device (Fig. 1) is made in the form of a cylindrical vessel c, provided in its lower part j with an opening to which a rubber tube g for water supply is attached, and a side tube / g for discharging the fraction. From above, the vessel with ends in the neck b, closed with a ground-in or rubber stopper.

Metal mesh k is installed in the middle part of the vessel, in order to prevent the liquid from pouring out from the bottom hole, more water is required.

Water is supplied to the vessel during the flushing of the separated fractions by means of a tube.

To make a prepared soil sample, the separator tube (Fig. 2), provided with a spherical tip with a series of holes in it, serves as a separator.

In the analysis of the lower part / vessel, water is pumped through the metal grid k and from there through the liquid e, which is not wetted by water, forms a large number of balls, which, after passing this liquid, form a layer of bubbles d or on the surface. a so-called surface tension film. When this film bursts, a non-convection rise of water is created.

The test soil is introduced into the vessel through the neck b with the help of a tube. At this time, a low flow of water flows from the bottom to evenly distribute the particles and avoid accumulating them on the surface of the film of heavy liquid.

After the soil is introduced into the vessel, a certain flow of water is released. Due to this, there is a division into fractions on the basis of two principles, namely fractions, for example. 0.1 mm-0.05 mm, for which the rate of raising the water is less than its fall, remains in place, and the remaining fractions during the rise of the water to the top are significantly divided and then quietly fall down. Consequently, the separation of soil particles is accelerated by many times compared with other methods.

Removal of the corresponding fractions occurs through the tube h.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. Method of mechanical analysis of soil sands and similar materials by grinding in an upward flow of water, characterized in that water used for weighing particles of the test material is poured over a layer of liquid that is heavier and not wetted by it, in order to ensure a more relaxed ascent of the drying material jets of water. 2. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, made in the form of a vessel provided with a water supply in the lower part, and a side tube for draining the fraction, characterized in that in order to prevent the liquid from pouring out of the lower hole inside the vessel, a grid is installed k.