SU16799A1 - The method of purification of fatty or mineral oils by extraction - Google Patents

Description

In the purification or separation of oils, various methods are usually used, carried out without distilling by extraction or separation by means of solvents; Such are, for example, methods of neutralizing oils with alcohols, removing paraffin from resins with acetone, and refining lubricating or insulating oils with methanol, etc.

The authors have found that it can be successfully used as a dissolving agent for the purification or separation of fatty or mineral oils, or products of coal distillation, or hydrogenation thereof, etc., esters of formic acid and lower fatty alcohols or their mixtures. Especially advantageous is the use of formic methyl ester or its aqueous solution, which can be easily obtained from wood alcohol and carbon monoxide; due to its low boiling point, it can be easily separated from the substance to be extracted.

Example 1. Sesame oil with 10% content of free acid is treated three times with a triple amount of formic methyl ester, containing /.

L. D,

5% water. Due to this, the acid content is reduced by 0.2%.

Example 2. Distilla t. Mexican crude oil is shifted several times with formic methyl ester in a 1: 1 ratio. At the same time receive the light, not darkening oil, absolutely free from an unpleasant smell of an initial product. The sulfur content decreases from 2.3% to 0.6%.

Example 3. The oily residue resulting from the catalytic hydrogenation of crude oil under pressure, after distillation, has low boiling parts, is treated with an excess of formic methyl ester, if necessary, during heating and enhanced displacement. The portion that passes into the solution is, after evaporation of the solvent, a valuable golden resin.

The subject of the patent.

The method of purification of fatty or mineral oils by extraction, characterized in that formic acid / utah ethers with lower aliphatic alcohols are used as solvents.