SU1643754A1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

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. (21) 4368030 / 25-06 t (22) 25.01С88

(46) 04.23.91. Bul 9 15

(75) AsA Leontiev

(53) 621.43, (08808)

(56) USSR Copyright Certificate f 828780, class, F 02 B 41/02, 1979.

(54) INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

(57) The invention improves the efficiency of an internal combustion engine by improving the quality of cleaning the combustion chamber from exhaust gases. The engine comprises a compressor cylinder 1 and a larger expansion cylinder 2, a compressor 3 and a distribution piston 4, associated with the crankshaft 5 and

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moving in antiphase0 A spool 10 is placed in the cylinder head 8, made in the form of two discs 17 and 18, kinematically connected to the crankshaft 50 Inside the spool 10 between the discs 17 and 18 there is at least one combustion chamber 24 "Charged in the compressor cylinder 1 d is pushed into the combustion chamber 24, moving around the circumference due to the rotation of the spool 10, ignited from the ignition source 9, burning with a constant volume and expanding in the expansion cylinder 2 After that the exhaust gas is exhausted and in purging the combustion chamber 24 with compressed air ,,

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FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to engine building, namely to internal combustion engines.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the internal combustion engine

Fig „1 shows the engine section along the axles of the cylinders; Fig 2 is a top view of the cylinder cover; FIG. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. 2 on the axis of the combustion chambers „

The engine contains a compressor cylinder 1, an expansion cylinder 2, the volume of which is two or more times the volume of the compressor cylinder 1, a compressor piston 3 located in the compressor cylinder 1, and an expansion piston 4 placed in the expansion cylinder 2 "Compressor 3 and expansion 4 pistons connected to the crankshaft 5 by means of connecting rods 6 and 7. The crankshafts of the crankshaft are shifted by one another, by 180 °.

The engine also includes a cylinder head 8 with ignition sources 9 located therein (which can be either a nozzle or a spark plug depending on the method of mixing) and a spool 10 kinematically connected to the crankshaft 5 using bevel gears 11 and 12, a vertical shaft 13 and gear wheels 14С And the gear ratio of the kinematic chain is such that for four turns of the crankshaft 5

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the spool 10 makes one turn At the ends of the compressor 3 and the expansion pistons 4, to reduce the volume above the pistons when they are at top dead center, propellants 15 and 16 are included, which are included at the position of pistons 3 and 4 at the top dead point, in the hole cover

CYLINDER 8, GOLDEN GUN 10 EXECUTED IN

two coaxial disks 17. and 18 installed one above the other on axis 19 rotatably around it and spring-loaded one relative to each other by means of springs 20, so that the upper disk 17 constantly contacts along the external end surface with the plane of the top plate 21 of the cylinder head 8 and the lower disk 18 contacts the outer face surface with the plane of the lower plate 22 of the cylinder head 8. The upper 21 and lower 22 plates of the cylinder cover 8 are interconnected by means of an annular casing 23 in the spool 10 four chambers Gorani 24 bokoobraznoy shape as recesses in the inner end surfaces of the disks 17 and 18 0

Combustion chambers 24 are covered inside with thin-walled shells 25, isolating the volume of the combustion chambers from the gap between the inner face surfaces of the disks 17 and 18,

The engine is equipped with an inlet channel 26, periodically informing the compressor cylinder 1 with the atmosphere, an exhaust channel 27, periodically reporting the expansion cylinder 2 with the atmosphere, bypass channels 28 and 29, periodically reporting cylinders 1 and 2 with the combustion chambers 24, the inlet purge channel 30, alternately periodically reporting combustion chamber 24 with a source of compressed air (not shown in the drawing) and an outlet purge channel 31 alternately periodically communicating the combustion chamber 24 with the atmosphere.

On the external end surfaces of the disks 17 and 18 above and below the combustion chambers 24 there are hollows 32 as part of the ring defining gas distribution phases, and the area of the ring hollow 32 should be equal to the size of the cross section of the combustion chamber 24 "

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When the compressor piston 3 moves down from the top dead center in the compressor cylinder 1, a vacuum is created, as a result of which a fresh charge is supplied through the inlet channel 26 and the combustion chamber 24.

At the moment when the piston 3 of the compressor cylinder 1 reaches the bottom dead center, the valve 10 during its rotation around the axis 19 will take a position in which the combustion chamber 24 will be isolated from the inlet channel 26, as a result of which the intake process stops and when the compressor piston 3 moves the top dead center begins the process of compressing the fresh charge with its displacement from the compressor cylinder 1 into the combustion chamber 24.

When the piston 3 of the compressor cylinder 1 reaches the top dead center, the valve 10 isolates the volume of the combustion chamber 24 from the volume of the combust cylinder 1.

Further, the combustion chamber 24 with compressed charge inside it moves together with the rotating spool under the ignition source of charge 9 (nozzle if internal mixing takes place, and a candle if external mixing takes place) which ignites the charge in the closed volume of the combustion chamber 24. Charge burning at constant volume occurs until the piston 4 of the expansion cylinder 2 reaches top dead center. At the moment corresponding to the position of the piston 4 of the expansion cylinder 2 at the top dead center, the valve 10 during its rotation informs the combustion chamber 24 with the expansion cylinder 2, after which the expansion of the exhaust gases starts when the working stroke of the piston 4 of the expansion cylinder 2 is at the bottom dead center.

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When the piston 4 of the expansion cylinder 2 reaches the lower dead point, the valve 10, rotating, communicates the expansion cylinder 2 through the combustion chamber 24 and the exhaust channel 27 with the atmosphere, so that when the piston 4 of the expansion cylinder moves to the upper dead center 2, the exhaust gases are released

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from the expansion cylinder 2 to the atmosphere.

Further rotation of the spool 10 isolates the cavity of the combustion chamber 24 from the exhaust channel 27 and the expansion cylinder 2 when the piston 4 of the expansion cylinder 2 is at the top dead center. Then the combustion chamber 24, filled with remnants of exhaust gases, moves with the rotating spool 10 to the pro-channels 30 and 31 „

During the passage of the combustion chamber 24 under the purge channels 30 j and 31, it is completely cleaned from exhaust gases supplied with compressed air through the inlet purge channel 30. At the same time the rest is reflected

boiling gases and excess purge 20 inlet and outlet channels of the perio-air are removed through the outlet purge channel 31 to the atmosphere. With the engine running, the processes are alternately repeated with the participation of each of the four combustion chambers 25

Claims (1)

Invention Formula dically communicated with the atmosphere through the combustion chamber " 20. An engine according to claim. 1, characterized in that the combustion chamber is barrel-shaped. 1 An internal combustion engine containing a compressor cylinder, a larger expansion cylinder, pistons placed in cylinders with a shift in crankshaft angle and connected to the crankshaft using connecting rods, and a cylinder cover with an ignition source and a spool in it, kinematically connected tied to the crankshaft and made with at least 1643754 jc five ten one combustion chamber, an inlet channel periodically communicating a compressor cylinder with the atmosphere, an exhaust channel periodically communicating an expansion cylinder with the atmosphere, and bypass channels periodically communicating cylinders with a combustion chamber, characterized in that the spool is designed as two coaxial disks arranged one above the other and spring-loaded one relative to the other, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the crankshaft, and is provided with blowing channels periodically Connecting to a combustion chamber covered on the inside a thin-walled shell, and inlet and outlet ducts period- dically communicated with the atmosphere through the combustion chamber " 20. An engine according to claim. 1, characterized in that the combustion chamber is barrel-shaped. 3 „Engine according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, that is, in that the crankshafts of the crankshaft are shifted relative to each other by 180ff. 4. Motor according to 1-3, characterized in that a recess is made on the outer surface of each disk as part of a ring communicated with a combustion chamber, the recess area being equal to the projection area of the combustion chamber on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the disks. I Nl N3 28 10 fB Fi & W 27 21