RU28688U1 - Coal producing device - Google Patents

Description

Coal producing device

The utility model relates to the field of pyrolysis of wood and its waste, as well as other types of raw materials containing organic substances.

A device for producing charcoal is known, including a furnace with a furnace, air ducts, chimneys and heated chambers with openings in which removable retorts are installed vertically, while the lower part of the retort is made in the form of a grate open to the heated chamber, the latter having at least three holes for retort installation, and air ducts and chimneys are equipped with gates; the furnace furnace is installed outside the heated chamber and connected to it by flues, and the walls of adjacent heated chambers form the walls of the furnace; in the wall between the heated chamber and the furnace, the main gas duct is made in the upper part of the furnace and the auxiliary gas duct in the lower part of the furnace for ignition in the chamber of combustible combined-cycle gases, see RU 2115689 according to class G10B 53/02.

The process of obtaining charcoal in a known device is carried out in steel retorts without access to oxygen by heating to a temperature of about 450 ° C with flue gases entering the pyrolysis chamber from the furnace. Under the influence of heat occurs first

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wood drying, and then its thermal decomposition to carbon pyrolysis. In the process of pyrolysis, pyrogases are formed, which exit through the holes in the bottom of the retort and burn in the pyrolysis chamber with the release of additional heat.

The known device has the following disadvantages. To obtain the temperature inside the retort, the flue gases inside the pyrolysis chamber must have a temperature of 600 - 650 ° C. At a high temperature inside the pyrolysis chamber and existing safety requirements that limit the temperature of the outer walls of the apparatus to 55 ° C, the walls of the pyrolysis chamber have a complex structure and developed thermal insulation to prevent heat loss. Drying the wood inside the retort in the same chamber in which the pyrolysis is carried out significantly reduces the productivity of the device, since the drying time exceeds the pyrolysis time.

A more efficient device for producing coal, including a furnace that is isolated from the surrounding space by two drying chambers, a pyrolysis chamber with removable retorts, drying chambers have common walls with a pyrolysis chamber and are connected to it and to each other by a chimney, see RU 2150483.

This technical solution is taken as a prototype of this utility model.

The efficiency of heat use in the implementation of this technical solution is insufficient; in addition, there are excessive costs due to the presence of a second drying chamber.

The basis of this utility model is the solution to the problem of increasing the efficiency of heat use, reducing the costs associated with the construction of the device.

According to the utility model, this problem is solved due to the fact that in the device for producing coal, I eat curly; I have a firebox, as well as a pyrolysis and drying chamber with removable retorts connected by a gas duct, while the drying chamber has a common wall with the pyrolysis chamber, the drying chamber has an additional section adjacent to the furnace; A steam-water boiler is included in the flue.

The applicant has not identified technical solutions that are identical to the claimed utility model, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - device in plan;

figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the device.

A device for producing coal includes a furnace 1, as well as a pyrolysis chamber 2 and a drying chamber 3. A steam boiler 5 is included in the duct 4 connecting the chambers 2 and 3. In chambers 2 and 3 there are

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removable retorts 6. The drying chamber 2 has an additional section 7 adjacent to the furnace 1 and having an adjacent wall 8 with it.

The device operates as follows.

In the furnace 1, some fuel, for example, firewood, is burned and flue gases with a temperature of about 600-650 ° C are obtained, which through the channel 9 enter the pyrolysis chamber 2 and heat the retorts 6 with the raw materials loaded in them. The temperature of the retort rises to, there is a thermal decomposition of raw materials, in a particular example, wood. From the pyrolysis chamber 2, flue gases enter the drying chamber 3 through a gas duct 4, in which a steam-water boiler 5 is included. Heat from the furnace 1 also enters into the drying chamber 3, since the furnace 1 and the additional section 7 of the drying chamber adjoin each other and heat is transmitted through wall 8. Thus utilized part of the heat, which in the prototype went into the surrounding space. In addition, part of the heat of the flue gases that heat the steam boiler 5 is utilized. This eliminates the need for the construction of an additional drying chamber.

The device is manufactured in the factory using conventional equipment and known materials, which determines, according to the applicant, its compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability.

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Claims (2)

1. A device for producing coal, including a furnace, as well as a pyrolysis and drying chamber with removable retorts interconnected by a gas duct, while the drying chamber has a common wall with a pyrolysis chamber, characterized in that the drying chamber has an additional section adjacent to the furnace. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam duct is included in the flue.