RU2788869C2 - Device and method for stretching and laying optical fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: optics.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to a device and a method for stretching and laying optical fiber. The device for stretching and laying optical fiber contains the first, the second, and the third rollers, a belt, which passes around the first and the second rollers and is in a direct physical contact with the first and the second rollers. At least one of the first, the second, and the third rollers is actuated in such a way that optical fiber is captured between the belt and the third roller. The first roller, the second roller, the third roller, and the belt have such dimensions and location that optical fiber is moved through the device for stretching and laying optical fiber at a speed of at least 30 m/s; and a compartment, which accommodates the first, the second, and the third rollers, as well as the belt. Moreover, this compartment is maintained under negative pressure. The method for operation of the device for stretching and laying optical fiber contains stages of: obtainment of optical fiber through an input nozzle; capture of optical fiber between a set of rollers; and stretching of optical fiber by rotation of at least one of the set of rollers; and provision of negative pressure in the compartment of the device for stretching and laying optical fiber.

EFFECT: reduction in wear of a device for stretching and laying optical fiber, increase in stabilization and reliability of stretching and laying optical fiber.

10 cl, 9 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority of Dutch patent application no. 62/610722, filed December 27, 2017, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES

[0002] The present invention generally relates to optical fiber. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for tensioning and laying an optical fiber (fiber).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] In the optical fiber industry, long fibers are wound at high speeds onto machine-rotated take-up spools for shipment and processing. As the fiber is wound onto the spool, it is laid onto the spool in successive layers. In fiber optic manufacturing, fiber winding typically takes place in a draw tower where the fiber is initially drawn.

[0004] Some fiber tension and placement systems use an aspirator to place and re-lay the fiber. The aspirator uses a vacuum to produce an optical fiber that moves at some speed out of a draw tower (not shown). The aspirator stretches the fiber by applying high pressure air to it. The structure of the high pressure air causes the fiber to swirl, which creates a large surface area for the high pressure air to apply force to the optical fiber and thereby create tension. A high velocity air stream, which may be provided by a hose connected to an aspirator, transports the fiber to a fiber collection container for disposal.

[0005] The aspirator is capable of collecting and accumulating fiber at commonly used draw speeds. However, the aspirator may not be able to create and maintain a constant tension on the fiber. The vortex structure that high pressure air creates in the fiber can cause the fiber to contact equipment along the fiber path during layup. Equipment that may be in the path of the fiber and subject to inadvertent contact with the fiber as it swirls includes the winder process pulleys and the aspirator inlet nozzle. Contact between the fiber and various pieces of equipment can cause tension loss and fiber breakage. Accordingly, the aspirator system has reached its maximum performance at the current extraction speeds. In addition, the high pressure air required to tension the fiber is expensive and noisy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] According to one embodiment, an optical fiber (hereinafter referred to as “fibers”) tensioning and laying apparatus includes a first roller, a second roller, a belt that wraps around the first and second rollers, and a third roller. The belt may be in direct physical contact with the first and second rollers. At least one of the first, second and third rollers is actuated such that the optical fiber is caught between the belt and the third roller. The first roller, second roller, third roller, and belt are sized and positioned such that the optical fiber travels through the fiber tensioner and fiber spooler at a speed of at least about 30 m/s.

[0007] According to the second embodiment, the optical fiber tensioning and laying device includes a first roller, a second roller, a belt that wraps around the first and second rollers, and a third roller. The belt is in direct physical contact with the first and second rollers. The third roller is movable between an engaged and disengaged configuration with respect to the belt. Moving the third roller from the disengaged to the engaged configuration captures the fiber between the third roller and the belt. The optical fiber tensioning and laying apparatus further includes an inlet nozzle that has a guiding structure. The guide structure is typically teardrop shaped. The guide structure helps position the optical fiber relative to the first roller, the second roller, the third roller, and the belt to grip the optical fiber between the third roller and the belt by bringing the third roller into an engaged configuration.

[0008] According to a third embodiment, the optical fiber tensioning and laying apparatus includes a first coated roller that is coated with a first material that increases the coefficient of surface friction of the first coated roller, a second coated roller that is coated with a second material that increases the coefficient of surface friction a second coated roller, as well as a pinch roller. The second coated roller is placed in front of the first coated roller. The pinch roller is placed close to the first coated roller. The pinch roller is movable between the engaged configuration and the disengaged configuration. The movement of the pinch roller from the disengaged configuration to the engaged configuration is configured to capture the optical fiber between the pinch roller and the first coated roller.

[0009] The embodiments of the fiber tensioner and stacker described herein can be located after the fiber drawing system and allow long drawn fiber to be wound at high speeds onto machine-rotated take-up spools for shipment and processing. In accordance with some embodiments, the fiber is drawn, coated, and then entered into the fiber tensioner and fiber spooler at a high speed of at least 30 m/s (e.g., 30-100 m/s) in order to allow the long drawn fiber to be wound around high speeds on machine-rotated take-up reels for shipping and handling.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] FIG. 1 is a side view of an optical fiber tensioning and laying apparatus illustrating a roller assembly in an uncoupled configuration according to one embodiment;

[0011] FIG. 2 is a side view of an optical fiber tensioning and laying apparatus illustrating a roller assembly in an engaged configuration according to one embodiment;

[0012] FIG. 3 is a front view of a cutting mechanism illustrating internal components in dashed lines, according to one embodiment;

[0013] FIG. 4 is a rear view of a portion of a roller assembly illustrating a plurality of bias members and force lines that are connected to a motor, according to one embodiment;

[0014] FIG. 5A is a side perspective view of one embodiment of a vent assembly that may be used on a device according to one embodiment, illustrating the valve in a closed position;

[0015] FIG. 5B is a side view of the vent assembly, showing the valve in the open position;

[0016] FIG. 6A is a side perspective view of a guide structure according to one embodiment;

[0017] FIG. 6B is a front view of a guide structure according to one embodiment; and

[0018] FIG. 7 is a side view of one alternative embodiment of the roller assembly.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In the following, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be discussed in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. To the extent possible, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. One or more examples of an optical fiber tensioning and laying device are shown in FIG. 1-7 and are denoted by reference numeral 20.

[0020] In those shown in FIG. 1-7 different embodiments, the fiber tensioner and installer 20 of the present invention is configured to provide tension to the fiber 24. The tension provided to the fiber 24 does not refer to the tension normally provided to the fiber 24 during the process of drawing the fiber 24 on the draw tower. or exhaust tower assembly. Instead, the tension provided to fiber 24 in the present invention refers to the tension that is provided after fiber 24 has been fully formed (eg, drawn, coated, etc.). Optical fiber 24 may be wound onto a spool (not shown) at a relatively high speed, such as a draw speed greater than about 20 m/s, greater than about 30 m/s, greater than about 40 m/s, greater than about 50 m/s , greater than about 60 m/s, greater than about 70 m/s, greater than about 80 m/s, greater than about 90 m/s, or greater than about 100 m/s. In some exemplary embodiments, the draw speeds may be from about 20 m/s to about 30 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 40 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 50 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 60 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 70 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 80 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 90 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 100 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 110 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 120 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 130 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 140 m/s, or from about 20 m/s to about 150 m/s. The fiber 24 is also maintained under a relatively high tension to ensure successful placement of the fiber onto the spool. Fiber 24 may be supplied directly from any known type of drawer (not shown), a known type of fiber stretcher, shielding device (not shown), or any other source.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the device 20 of the present invention is a mechanical device for transporting a moving fiber 24 to a waste container and/or spool. Device 20 can use vacuum to produce fiber 24 in a manner similar to an aspirator type device. Unlike the aspirator type device, the device disclosed herein does not use high pressure air as a method of applying tension or transporting the fiber 24 to the disposal container and/or spool. In other words, the device 20 of the present invention operates without the use of high pressure air. Instead, the device 20 of the present invention stretches the fiber 24 by gripping the fiber 24 in a roller assembly 28. The roller assembly 28 includes a plurality of rollers 32. At least one of the rollers 32 may be coupled to a motor. Roller assembly 28 tensions fiber 24 such that increasing motor torque results in increased tension on fiber 24. In various examples, motor torque may be adjusted or varied to maintain or vary the tension provided to fiber 24 by device 20. Device 20 of the present invention may be used to apply tension to that section of fiber 24 that is placed between the draw tractor 34 of the fiber draw tower and the roller assembly 28. The draw tractor 34 is typically used to provide tension to the fiber 24 as it is drawn from the draw tower. The draw tractor 34 draws the fiber 24 from the fiber preform 24 which is heated, for example by means of an oven. The device 20 is located after the exhaust tractor 34.

[0022] In some examples, device 20 relies solely on vacuum or negative pressure as a method of transporting fiber 24 to a disposal container after exiting roller assembly 28. FIG. 1 shows one example of a device 20 of the present invention. Fiber 24 enters device 20 through inlet nozzle 36, which is connected to negative pressure such that low pressure is generated at inlet nozzle 36. Accordingly, low pressure at inlet nozzle 36 collects or receives fiber 24. Fiber 24 then enters device 20 and exits through the opposite end of the device 20. In some examples, the device 20 may be equipped with a vent assembly 40. The vent assembly 40 may take a variety of forms, which include, but are not limited to, various valve assemblies. In addition, the vent assembly 40 may be located at various positions on the device 20, provided that the vent assembly 40 is in fluid communication (i.e., provides a path for transferring fluids (i.e., liquid and/or gas) between the components) to the device 20 Finally, fiber 24 passes through vent assembly 40 to a collection vessel.

[0023] Although some examples may rely solely on vacuum or negative pressure, it is contemplated that high pressure air injection systems may be used in conjunction with one or more of the possible roller configurations of the roller assembly 28 disclosed herein (for example, see .Configuration 1 and Configuration 2 below) to create additional tension in the device 20, if necessary. When the roller assembly 28 is in the disengaged configuration, as shown in FIG. 1, fiber 24 may be transported to a disposal vessel or collection vessel by vacuum or negative pressure through vent assembly 40. In some embodiments, it may be desirable to dispose of a portion of fiber 24 prior to winding. For example, when fiber drawing has just begun and the fiber 24 being drawn from the draw tower does not yet meet the required specifications of the target fiber 24, then the part of the fiber 24 that does not meet the required characteristics may be discarded. Once the winding spool has been filled with some fiber 24, the meshed configuration of roller assembly 28 can be used to transport fiber 24 to the next spool for winding. The engaged configuration of the roller assembly 28 illustrated in FIG. 2 can be used to quickly and efficiently transport the fiber 24 from the draw tower to the winding reel. In addition, the meshed configuration of roller assembly 28 can maintain tension on fiber 24 as fiber 24 leaves the draw tower.

[0024] The rollers 32 may be arranged in two main configurations, the first configuration may be referred to as the belt rollers shown in FIG. 1 and 2, while the second configuration may be referred to as the covered rollers or pinch rollers shown in FIG. 7. Next, each configuration will be described in more detail. In addition, each configuration may use vacuum or negative pressure to initially collect or obtain the free end of the fiber 24, which moves at some speed out of the draw tower assembly. In addition, both configurations use a collection container (not shown) and/or fiber spool 24. In various examples, fiber 24 is transported from device 20 to the collection container and/or spool using vacuum or negative pressure.

Roller Configuration 1: Belt Rollers

[0025] As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, Configuration 1 includes a plurality of rollers 32. In the illustrated example, three rollers 32 are used, where at least two of the rollers 32 are driven by a motor and at least one belt 44 is driven by one of the drive rollers 32. While three rollers 32 are used in the example shown, more than three rollers 32 may be used without departing from the concepts disclosed herein. Roller assembly 28 may be enclosed in compartment 48 as shown in FIG. 1. Compartment 48 may be sealed, for example with an airtight seal. Regardless of the embodiment or example, compartment 48 includes a system that is configured to isolate fiber 24 that is under tension from fiber 24 that is not. Optical fiber 24 enters compartment 48 through inlet nozzle 36 and exits compartment 48, for example, through vent assembly 40, which may be connected to compartment 48 after roller assembly 28. Roller assembly 28 is capable of accepting at least two configurations. The first configuration is a decoupled configuration (FIG. 1). In the disengaged configuration, rollers 32 are positioned such that fiber 24 moves freely in the gap between rollers 32 without physical contact with either roller 32. The second configuration is the meshed configuration (FIG. 2). In an engaged configuration, rollers 32 contact fiber 24 and apply tension to fiber strand 24.

[0026] FIG. 2 shows one example of an engaged configuration in which the belt 44 is directly connected to the first roller 52 and the second roller 56. In the illustrated example, one of the first and second rollers 52, 56 is driven by a motor and the other of the first and second rollers 52, 56 is freely rotating. As used herein, the term "freewheeling" means that the motor-driven roller imparts rotation to the freewheeling roller via belt 44, and that the freewheeling roller provides minimal resistance or obstruction to rotation. In some instances, belt 44 may be made from a material capable of generating significant friction against the outer surface of fiber 24. For example, the high friction material from which belt 44 is made may be neoprene. In addition, the material from which the belt 44 is made can be highly wear resistant and allow a wrap angle θ of at least about twenty-five degrees (25°), at least about 50°, at least about 75°, at least at least about 100°, at least about 125°, and/or a combination or ranges thereof. The third roller 60 in this example may operate regardless of whether the first and second rollers 52, 56 are activated or operable. In various examples, the third roller 60 may be motor driven. The third roller 60 is independently movable between the first position, which represents the disengaged configuration, and the second position, which represents the engaged configuration. The third roller 60 can move along the track 62 of the movement of the third roller. In various examples and configurations, the first, second, and third rollers 52, 56, 60 may have an outer diameter ranging from about 10 mm to about 80 mm. For example, the outer diameter of the first, second, and third rollers 52, 56, 60 may be approximately 10 mm, approximately 20 mm, approximately 30 mm, approximately 40 mm, approximately 50 mm, approximately 60 mm, approximately 65 mm, approximately 70 mm, approximately 80 mm, and/or a combination or ranges of the above. The first, second, and/or third rollers 52, 56, 60 may operate at a roller speed in the range of from about 0 to 40,000 rpm during the acceleration or warm-up period. For example, the first, second, and/or third rollers 52, 56, 60 may operate at a roller speed of about 0 rpm, about 5,000 rpm, about 10,000 rpm, about 15,000 rpm, during a run-up or warm-up period. , about 20,000 rpm, about 25,000 rpm, about 30,000 rpm, about 35,000 rpm, about 40,000 rpm, and/or combinations or ranges thereof. The first, second and/or third rollers 52, 56, 60 may be maintained at a rotational speed in the range of about 20,000 to about 60,000 rpm during the winding period. For example, the first, second and/or third rollers 52, 56, 60 may be maintained at a rotational speed of about 20,000 rpm, about 30,000 rpm, about 40,000 rpm, about 50,000 rpm, during the reeling period, approximately 60,000 rpm and/or combinations or ranges thereof.

[0027] The transition between the engaged and disengaged configurations may be performed by an actuator that moves the third roller 60 between the engaged and disengaged configurations. Alternatively, the actuator may move the first and second rollers 52, 56, which are connected by the belt 44, between the engaged and disengaged configurations such that the third roller 60 is rotatable without being moved or movable (i.e., the third roller 60 does not move along the track 62) . Fig. 1 shows a decoupled configuration in which the third roller 60 is located below the path of fiber 24 and the first and second rollers 52, 56 are located above the path of fiber 24. FIG. 2 shows an engaged configuration in which fiber 24 is directly engaged by third roller 60 and belt 44. With this arrangement of fiber 24 in the meshed configuration, sufficient pinching force can be provided to apply tension to that portion of fiber 24 that is in front of roller assembly 28. In other words, , the pinching force creates tension on the part of the fiber 24 that moves towards the device 20 and enters the entrance nozzle 36. The tension provided to the fiber 24 prepares the fiber 24 for winding by the fiber spooler, which can assist in placing the fiber 24 on the spool. When fiber 24 leaves second roller 56 in an engaged configuration, fiber 24 can be transported through vent assembly 40 by vacuum or negative pressure to a collection vessel.

[0028] For the operation of the device 20, it may be useful to provide accurate and precise control of the motor or motors that drive the roller assembly 28. One method of controlling the motor(s) includes stabilizing any motors at a speed of approximately 1 m/s more, than the speed of fiber 24, about 3 m/s more than the speed of fiber, about 5 m/s more than the speed of fiber 24, about 7 m/s more than the speed of fiber 24, about 9 m/s more than fiber speed 24, and/or combinations or ranges of the above. Once the first, second, and/or third rollers 52, 56, 60 have transitioned from the disengaged configuration (FIG. 1) to the engaged configuration (FIG. 2) and have successfully engaged or received fiber 24, the motor(s) may transition from maintaining constant speed (eg, about 5 m/s greater than the speed of fiber 24) to constant torque mode, where the motor(s) provide constant torque to the first, second, and/or third rollers 52, 56, 60. In constant torque mode, torque, the motor(s) can provide tension to the fiber 24.

[0029] For a configuration like that shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to achieve tensions of approximately 2.65 Newtons (N), 2.84 N, 3.04 N, 3.24 N, and/or combinations or ranges listed on that section of fiber 24 that travels "at speed". As used herein, the term "at speed" refers to the speed of fiber 24 as it travels through roller assembly 28. Fiber 24 may travel through roller assembly 28 at a speed in the range of about 20 m/s to about 120 m/s or more. For example, fiber 24 may move through roller assembly 28 at about 20 m/s, about 30 m/s, about 40 m/s, about 50 m/s, about 60 m/s, about 70 m/s, about 80 m/s, about 90 m/s, about 100 m/s, about 110 m/s, about 120 m/s, and/or a combination or ranges of the foregoing. Exemplary ranges may include at least about 20 m/s to less than about 120 m/s, from at least about 20 m/s to less than about 100 m/s, from at least about 20 m/s c to less than about 80 m/s, from at least about 20 m/s to less than about 60 m/s, from at least about 20 m/s to less than about 40 m/s, from at least about 40 m/s to less than about 120 m/s, from at least about 60 m/s to less than about 120 m/s, from at least about 80 m/s to less than about 120 m/s, from at least about 100 m/s to less than about 120 m/s, and/or combinations of the above. A minimum tension of approximately 0.50 N may be desirable for the laying process when the fiber 24 is wound on a spool. However, providing a tension on the fiber 24 greater than 0.50 N can provide additional stability to the fiber 24 and improve stacking success rates. For example, the tension provided to the fiber 24 may be about 0.50 N, about 1 N, about 3 N, about 5 N, about 7 N, about 9 N, about 11 N, about 13 N, about 15 N, and/or combinations or ranges of the above. As used herein, the term stacking refers to the process by which optical fiber 24 is transferred from device 20 to a spool.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 1, 2, and 4, belt 44 may be held taut by a second roller 56. Second roller 56 may provide a constant and configurable force to belt 44 to act on the taut state. For example, the second roller 56 may be displaced or pulled into an extended position along the second roller track 64 by one or more bias members 68 (FIG. 4). The bias member 68 may be a spring, an air cylinder, a gas piston, or the like. In the example shown in FIG. 4, second roller 56 may be driven such that torque is provided to second roller 56. For example, second roller 56 may be driven by an electronically commutated (EC) torque controlled motor. Alternatively, second roller 56 may be driven by an air motor, a constant speed motor that includes a clutch that can control torque, or any other suitable approach may be used to impart motion to second roller 56. In some examples, first roller 52 may be freely rotating. In one such example, power may be supplied to the rear of second roller 56, where a motor may be located or connected, via one or more power rails 70. In various examples, bias elements 68 maintain a constant force on second roller 56 of roller assembly 28, regardless of whether the roller assembly 28 is in an engaged or disengaged configuration. The bias members 68 provide a bias force that biases the second roller 56 to an extended position within the second roller path 64 (eg, when the roller assembly 28 is in the disengaged configuration). When the third roller 60 is actuated such that the roller assembly 28 assumes an engaged configuration, then the interaction induced in the belt 44 by the third roller 60 compresses the bias members 68 such that the second roller 56 is brought into a retracted position within the second roller path 64. In those embodiments where the third roller 60 does not move in the third roller path 62, the bias elements 68 may be configured in a manner similar to that described above. The large arrows shown in Fig. 4 indicate the direction of movement of the second roller 56 in the movement track 64 of the second roller. Ultimately, the bias elements 68 provide tension to the belt 44.

[0031] In order to ensure that the fiber 24 reaches the correct position in the device 20 and remains sandwiched between the belt 44 and the third roller 60 in an engaged configuration, a guide structure 72 may be located at the opening of the inlet nozzle 36. An exemplary profile for the guide structure 72 shown in FIG. 6A and 6B. When the third roller 60 switches between the engaged and disengaged configurations, the fiber 24 is forced to follow the shape or contours of the guide structure 72. In the example shown in FIG. 6A and 6B, the guide structure 72 is larger at the base 76 and narrows as it approaches the top 80 of the guide structure 72 such that the guide structure 72 is generally teardrop shaped. The top 80 of the guide structure 72 is closer to the belt 44 than the base 76. In other words, the top 80 is vertically above the base 76 and the belt 44 is vertically above the guide structure 72.

[0032] In some embodiments, the guide structure 72 is no wider than the belt 44 at the narrowest point of the guide structure 72. The top 80 of the guide structure 72 may include a guide channel 74 that has a width 78 ranging from greater than the outer diameter of the fiber 24 to be less than the width of the belt 44. When the device 20 is in an engaged configuration, if the entry angle β at which the fiber 24 enters the entry nozzle 36 changes, then the guide structure 72 ensures that the fiber 24 remains sandwiched between the belt 44 and third roller 60. In other words, guide structure 72 prevents fiber 24 from disengaging from belt 44 and/or third roller 60 when roller assembly 28 is in an engaged configuration (FIG. 2). The geometry of the guiding structure 72 can further be used to reduce airflow, and in particular to reduce fluctuations in the airflow that can disturb the behavior of the belt 44 and/or the fiber 24. In addition, the guiding structure 72 limits the movement of the fiber 24 in directions orthogonal to the direction tension on the fiber 24 so that the fiber 24 can remain generally or substantially centered across the width of the belt 44.

[0033] In one alternative configuration, the compartment 48 surrounding the first, second, and third rollers 52, 56, 60 can be removed to leave the first, second, and third rollers 52, 56, 60 open and immune to the effects of vacuum or negative pressure. This alternative configuration has the advantage of reducing the effects of vacuum or negative pressure on belt 44 and first, second, and third rollers 52, 56, 60. Vacuum or negative pressure can negatively impact belt 44, causing it to deform. The vacuum or negative pressure may cause the first, second and/or third rollers 52, 56, 60 to become more prone to blocking. Although some advantages may be obtained by eliminating the presence of a vacuum or negative pressure in the area where the belt 44 and rollers 52, 56, 60 are located, with this alternative configuration, it is difficult to receive and center the fiber 24 through the roller assembly 28.

[0034] In another alternative configuration, device 20 may be equipped with a vent mechanism, such as the vent assembly 40 illustrated in FIG. 5A and 5B. Ventilation assembly 40 may be located at the outlet of compartment 48. Ventilation assembly 40 may be used to reduce the effect of vacuum or negative pressure on belt 44 and rollers 52, 56, 60. FIG. 5A and 5B show one example of a vent assembly 40. The vent assembly 40 includes a valve 84 that can switch between open and closed positions. The valve 84 may be switched between open and closed positions, for example, by means of an actuator 88. The actuator 88 may be a rotary actuator, a screw actuator, or a linear actuator. When actuator 88 is in the retracted position, valve 84 is in the open or closed position. After the extension of the actuator 88 to the extended position, the valve 84 is moved to another (open or closed) position. When valve 84 is in the open position, the amount of vacuum or negative pressure in compartment 48 is reduced (ie, air pressure is increased). Reducing the amount of vacuum or negative pressure in compartment 48 can be beneficial to reduce the forces acting or experienced in compartment 48 by belt 44 and rollers 52, 56, 60. In most cases, regardless of whether a particular embodiment or example uses vent assembly 40 , it may be useful to gently and/or accurately control the vacuum or negative pressure to avoid damage to belt 44 or stalling of rollers 52, 56, 60. It is contemplated that alternative approaches to reducing forces in compartment 48 can be used without deviating from the concepts disclosed herein. document. For example, the tension of the belt 44 may be increased instead of venting some of the vacuum or negative pressure.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 1, 2, and 4, a cutter 92 may be positioned between the entry nozzle 36 and compartment 48 to cut the fiber 24 to disengage the fiber 24 from the device 20 and/or roller assembly 28. The cutter 92 is configured to rapidly cut the fiber 24 during its movement at speed. As used herein, the term "at speed" refers to the speed at which fiber 24 travels as it is wound on a spool and/or directed towards a disposal container. Thus, the speed of the fiber 24 does not decrease before the cutter 92 is activated. The operation of the cutter 92 without reducing the speed of the fiber is advantageous because in most embodiments and examples, the drawing process of the fiber 24 in the draw tower does not stop after the drawing process has started. Fig. 3 shows a cutting mechanism 92 with an air cylinder 96 that moves the cutting blade 98. Actuating the air cylinder 96 moves the cutting blade 98 so that the fiber 24 is pushed into the channel 100. The cutting blade 98 is connected to the air cylinder 96 by a floating connection 102 made with the possibility of moving the air cylinder 96 in the vertical direction. The cutting blade 98 and the channel 100 cooperate to cut or typically break the fiber 24 at the desired position on the fiber 24. Additionally or alternatively, the cutting mechanism 92 may be located at the outlet of the compartment 48 between the compartment 48 and the vent assembly 40. While the cutting blade 98 is described as driven by the air cylinder 96, the present invention is not limited thereto. It is contemplated that alternative methods of actuating cutting blade 98 may be used without deviating from the concepts disclosed herein.

[0036] In another configuration, the first, second, and/or third rollers 52, 56, 60 may remain in an engaged configuration from receiving fiber 24 to entry nozzle 36, during fiber 24 accumulation after device 20, and also during fiber 24 tension. As used herein, the term "tension" refers to maintaining tension on the fiber 24 before the roller assembly 28 and after the draw tower assembly. In other words, as used herein, the term "tension" refers to the tension of the fiber 24 after it has been spun between, for example, the draw tower assembly tractor and the roller assembly 28. In this configuration, the complexity of the device 20 is reduced by eliminating the step of moving the third roller 60 between the engaged and decoupled configurations. However, the disadvantages of working with the device 20 configured in this way are associated with the presence of the roller assembly 28 in a permanently engaged configuration. These drawbacks include, but are not limited to, the inability to preferentially tension fiber 24 alone, which is free of defects (e.g., coating defects) that could damage belt 44 or rollers 52, 56, 60, and the introduction of complex geometries that can be necessary for the correct location of the rollers 52, 56, 60 at the inlet nozzle 36, as well as at the exit.

[0037] The performance of the device 20 described in Configuration 1 can be tested both in the laboratory and on the exhaust tower. For example, high-speed video can be used to evaluate the behavior of fiber 24. Configuration 1 of device 20 is capable of receiving fiber 24, pulling fiber 24, positioning fiber 24, and transmitting fiber 24 at speeds in excess of current production speeds when systems using aspirators begin fail. As used herein, the term "transfer" of fiber 24 refers to the transfer of fiber 24 from device 20 to a spool. During the production of fiber 24, apparatus 20 is operated with a vacuum or negative pressure that can be measured in a collection vessel. Exemplary parameters according to various embodiments are shown in Table 1 below. The ranges disclosed in Table 1 are exemplary in nature and do not limit the present invention in any way. It is contemplated that exemplary parameter values may be used outside of the ranges given without departing from the concepts disclosed herein.

[0038]

Table 1: Sample parameters Parameter Meaning Fiber speed (m/s) 20-120 Belt tension (N) 1-20 Belt Width (mm) 10-40 Belt Wrap Angle (degrees) 1-180 Collecting tank pressure (mmHg) -100 to -300

Roller Configuration 2: Coated Rollers

[0039] As shown in FIG. 7, Configuration 2 of device 20 includes at least two rollers 32, where at least one of the rollers 32 is coated 104 or surface treated (e.g., diamond impregnated nickel, shot blasted, or other processes that roughen the surface of rollers 32) . In the illustrated example, three rollers 32 are used. In various examples, the coating may be neoprene, urethane, or a similar material that increases the coefficient of friction between fiber 24 and the coated surface of roller 32. FIG. 7 shows one possible arrangement of the rollers 32. The rollers 32 may be arranged such that the wrap angle θ of at least one of the rollers 32 is at least about 60°, at least about 90°, at least about 120°, at least at least about 150°, at least about 180°, and/or combinations or ranges of the foregoing. Roller 32, having the aforementioned wrap angle θ, may be placed in front of a pair of rollers between which fiber 24 is pinched or passed. Rollers 32 configured to pinch fiber 24 may be referred to as pinch rollers 108. neoprene or similar material that increases the coefficient of friction during pinching fiber 24 so that fiber 24 does not slip through the two pinch rollers 108. A coating 104 or surface treatment is applied to the outer surface or contact surface that interacts with fiber 24. Pinch roller 108 , which is coated, may be referred to as the first coated roller 112. The rollers 32 that are coated in this configuration may be directly coupled to motors such that these rollers 32 are driven by the motor. Unlike Configuration 1, the roller assembly 28 in Configuration 2 does not provide insulation for the tensioned fiber 24 at the entrance on the left side of FIG. 7 from fiber 24 at the exit on the right side of FIG. 7. Instead, the arrangement in Configuration 2 uses some amount of tension at the exit of roller assembly 28 to maintain tension at the entrance of roller assembly 28.

[0040] The location of the coated rollers may be determined by the desired tension on the fiber 24, as well as the process used to place the fiber 24 on the rollers 32. Increasing the wrap angle θ around the second coated roller 116 will increase the tension on the fiber 24. Additional coated rollers may also increase the fiber tension 24. With respect to placing the fiber 24 on the rollers 32, the process may be similar to the examples discussed above with reference to the belt rollers in Configuration 1. The first and second coated rollers 112, 116 may be enclosed in a compartment 48. The pinch rollers 108 may be provided switchable between a fiber pinching position and a fiber releasing position such that fiber 24 initially passes through compartment 48 without contact with one or more pinch rollers 108. When taut fiber 24 is desired for a given process, pinch rollers 108 can be actuated such so that they directly engage with the ox window 24, and then the pinch rollers 108 can be rotated to provide the desired wrap angle θ around one of the preceding rollers (eg, the second coated roller 116). For example, the pinch rollers 108 can be rotated about an axis defined by the point of contact between the pinch rollers 108 to provide the desired wrap angle θ of one of the preceding rollers. Fig. 7 illustrates the pinched fiber position.

[0041] A pinch or coated roller configuration (i.e., Configuration 2) while being able to pull fiber 24 can have several disadvantages compared to Configuration 1 belt rollers. The first disadvantage is that the material that is used to coat the first and second coated rollers 112, 116 may be subject to wear during contact with optical fiber 24. While belt 44 in the belt system is also subject to wear, belt 44 is easily removed from rollers 52, 56 and replaced, while the first and second coated rollers 112, 116 require removal of the entire motor assembly on which the first and second covered rollers 112, 116 are mounted. device 20. The reason for this is that the coated roller system to a large extent using the Euler equation for rope friction on a cylinder, where the tension is a function of the wrap angle θ and the coefficient of friction around the associated roller (eg, the first and/or second coated roller 112, 116). In Configuration 2, pinch rollers 108 provide a holding force that keeps fiber 24 from slipping or disengaging from roller assembly 28.

[0042] Various embodiments, examples, and configurations of the fiber tensioning and laying apparatus 20 of the present invention offer technical and competitive advantages through increased productivity and cost savings. For example, fiber tensioner 20 is capable of tensioning fiber 24 that travels at speeds greater than currently used in the manufacturing process, allowing for faster draw and winding speeds. While the predecessors of the apparatus 20 of the present invention, such as the aspirator, are limited by hydrodynamic resistance and friction, the fiber tensioner and depositor 20 disclosed herein is not limited by hydrodynamic resistance and friction. However, the capabilities of the engines used in the present invention are taken into account and may play a role in achieving optimal results in the configurations disclosed in this document. At the same time, the motor technology is able to provide sufficient speed and torque to operate the device 20 for pulling and laying the fiber.

[0043] In addition, fiber tensioner 20 provides a constant, configurable tension to fiber 24 by anchoring fiber 24 within roller assembly 28. Roller assembly 28 is capable of providing constant torque with or without belt 44. Applying constant torque gives an improved success rate. laying fiber 24 at draw speeds currently in use, as well as draw speeds that are higher than currently used. When tension fluctuates or deviates during the auto-laydown process disclosed herein, fiber 24 can come into contact with fixed surfaces, which can create defects in fiber 24, destroy fiber 24, and cause optical fiber 24 to fail to be sold. consumer. The device 20 of the present invention provides a constant tension to the optical fiber 24 so that tension fluctuations are substantially reduced compared to alternative approaches.

[0044] In addition, the fiber tensioner 20 feeds the fiber 24 in a stable position, which improves the laying success rate of the fiber 24 by reducing the interaction between the tensioned fiber 24 and stationary and/or moving objects on the fiber winder.

[0045] In addition, the fiber tensioner 20 provides insulation between the tensioned fiber 24 and the area of the fiber 24 that is removed or coiled during the installation process. Unlike processes that rely on compressed or high-pressure air to tension the fiber 24, the device 20 of the present invention is capable of maintaining tension regardless of whether the fiber 24 exiting the device 20 and moving towards the capacitance and/or spool is stable.

[0046] In addition, the fiber tensioning and laying device 20 reduces the cost of operating the device 20 by eliminating at least high pressure air from the process.

[0047] The described embodiments are preferred and/or illustrative, but not limiting. Various modifications are considered to be within the scope and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (23)

1. A device for tensioning and laying optical fiber, containing: first video; second roller; third roller; a belt that passes around the first and second rollers and is in direct physical contact with the first and second rollers, at least one of the first, second and third rollers is driven in such a way that the optical fiber is captured between the belt and the third roller, and the first roller, the second roller, the third roller, and the belt are sized and arranged such that the optical fiber moves through the optical fiber tensioning and laying device at a speed of at least 30 m/s; and a compartment that accommodates the first, second, and third rollers, as well as the belt, the compartment being maintained under negative pressure. 2. An optical fiber tensioning and laying device according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber is caught between the third roller and the belt in such a way that the optical fiber is tensioned after the pulling tractor. 3. An optical fiber tensioning and laying apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the third roller is movable between an engaged configuration and a disengaged configuration with respect to the belt. 4. An optical fiber tensioning and laying device according to claim 3, wherein moving the third roller from the disengaged configuration to the engaged configuration captures the optical fiber between the third roller and the belt. 5. Device for tensioning and stacking optical fiber according to one of paragraphs. 1-4, in which at least one of the first, second and third rollers is driven in such a way that torque is provided to the associated roller. 6. A device for tensioning and laying an optical fiber according to claim 1, further comprising: an inlet nozzle located in front of the compartment and directly connected with this compartment, and this inlet nozzle includes a guiding structure. 7. A device for tensioning and laying an optical fiber according to claim 6, in which the guide structure further comprises: base; upper part; and a guide channel that has a width greater than the outer diameter of the optical fiber associated with it. 8. The method of operation of the device for tensioning and laying optical fiber, containing the steps: receiving optical fiber through the input nozzle; gripping the optical fiber between the plurality of rollers; and tensioning the optical fiber by rotating at least one of the plurality of rollers; and providing negative pressure to the compartment of the optical fiber tensioning and laying apparatus. 9. The method of operating the optical fiber tensioning and laying device according to claim 8, wherein the step of gripping the optical fiber between the plurality of rollers further comprises the step of: moving at least one of the rollers from the disengaged configuration to the engaged configuration. 10. The method of operation of the device for tensioning and laying the optical fiber according to one of paragraphs. 8, 9, additionally containing the step: actuation of the cutting mechanism.

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