RU2493037C2 - Replaceable element of friction assembly of, mainly, freight car bogies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport, particularly, to car bogies. Replaceable element 6 of friction assy is composed of cover 7 with thrust surface 7b and friction surface 7a. Said element has at least on portion of its outline an edge former 8-13 arranged at an angle to cover 7, resilient gasket 15 on aforesaid thrust surface 7b. Note here that at least part of said outline is curved.

EFFECT: reduced wear.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates mainly to railway transport, to wagon trolleys.

The known design of the replaceable element of the friction unit in the form of a side of the truck of a freight car, representing a rectangular plate with a fringing in the form of latches placed on the edges, forming a side of the box (Wagons. Edited by V.V. Lukin, M .: Route, 2004, Fig.3.34 , 3.35, pos. 8, pp. 102-103).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of damping of high-frequency oscillations in the contact zone of the side of the trolley with the side of the car.

As the closest analogue, a device for a replaceable element of a friction unit, mainly of freight carriages, is made in the form of a cover with a supporting and friction surfaces, at least in part of the contour of which a border is arranged that is angled to the cover, and at least part of the lid contour is made curved, while the lid is provided with an elastic gasket - Russian patent No. 2370388 "Supporting slide of a railway carriage trolley" dated 07/19/2007.

The design drawback is also large shear stresses acting on the elastic gasket, which increases the intensity of its wear.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to reduce the wear of moving parts of the running gears of wagon trolleys.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the replaceable element of the friction unit, mainly trucks of freight cars, made in the form of a cover with a supporting and friction surfaces, at least in part of the contour of which is made a border located at an angle to the cover, moreover, at least part of the lid contour is made curved, while the lid is provided with an elastic gasket, according to the proposed technical solution, an elastic gasket is placed on the supporting surface of the lid.

In addition, the elastic pad is rigidly attached to the abutment surface.

Also, at least one of the surfaces of the lid is not flat.

Additionally, at least a portion of the edging is provided with a flexible pad rigidly attached thereto.

The strong connection of the elastic gasket with the supporting surface of the cover can significantly reduce its wear by reducing the action of shear stresses in the friction zone in which the replaceable element is installed.

With rigid attachment of the elastic gasket to the supporting surface, the reliability of the replaceable element of the friction assembly increases.

The implementation of the support or friction surface is not flat, but spherical, cylindrical or other shape allows to reduce wear in the friction units of complex shape.

Equipping the fringing surface with an elastic gasket rigidly attached to it allows to reduce the level of high-frequency vibrations in the friction units in the direction of the surfaces of the replaceable element.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by the drawings, which show: in Fig.1 - a General view of the cart with a replaceable element of the friction unit; figure 2 - axle box with a replaceable friction unit; figure 3 is a bottom view of a removable friction unit of cylindrical shape with a continuous edging; figure 4 is a bottom view of a removable friction unit with a cover having rectangular and curved sides with a split edging; figure 5 is a bottom view of a removable friction unit with a cover having rectangular and curved sides with separate border elements.

The composition of the trolley (Fig. 1) includes side frames 1 with axlebox openings 2, in which bearing assemblies 3 of wheel sets 4 with adapters 5 are placed. Instead of the bearing assembly 3 with adapter 5, an axle box (not shown) can be used. Between the adapters 5 and the axle box openings 2, a replaceable element 6 of the friction unit (in this case, boxen) is installed. The replaceable element 6 of the friction unit (hereinafter referred to as the replaceable element) is made in the form of a cover 7 with a horizontal (in accordance with figures 1-2) friction surface 7-a and a supporting surface 7-b. The cover 7 has a border (flange) 8 (figure 2), which performs the functions of the retainers holding the replaceable element 6 on the adapter 5.

The cover 7-1 (figure 3) may have a completely curved shape in the form of a circle, ellipse or other shape (not shown) with a solid border 9, repeating its shape. The lid 7-2 (Fig. 4) can have both straight sections with respectively straight border elements 10 (clips), and curved with respectively curved, for example, in the form of an arc 11, border elements.

The edging can be performed not continuous, but in the form of individual elements from the protrusions 12, 13 (figure 5). The inner surface of the elements 8-13 may have completely or partially flat, spherical or other curved surfaces that are close to the shape of the supporting surface (for example, repeating the shape of the adapter 5 or bearing side 14), with which they are in contact.

The number and shape of the straight and curved sections of the covers 7, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3 are also determined by the design of the supporting surface on which the replaceable element is mounted.

The inner surface 7-b of the lid 7 (Figs. 1-5) is provided with an elastic gasket 15 made, preferably, of an elastomeric material, rubber, etc. for effective damping of vibrations.

The elastic gasket 15 to facilitate its replacement during wear can be partially glued to the inner surface 7-b of the cover 7 - at several points or in several strips (not shown). Such fastening of the gasket 15 may also be useful to ensure its fixation on the inner surface 7-b before installing the cover 7 in the friction unit. To increase reliability, the elastic pad 15 can be firmly connected completely to the inner surface 7-b of the cover 7 by gluing, vulcanizing, pouring, or in another way. The elastic pad 15 may have a thickness of 1-5 mm.

The replaceable element 6 may be stamped, cast or welded. Edging elements 8-13 can be located both at right angles to the lid 7 (as shown in FIGS. 2-5), and at other angles, for example, 70-110 degrees to the lid 7 (not shown). The elastic layer (gasket) can also be applied to the inner surface of the edging (adjacent to the inner surface 7-b of the cover) - over their entire surface or partially (not shown).

The proposed device operates as follows.

In the friction units of the cart, for example, in the axle box or in the slider, replaceable elements 6 or 16 are used to reduce the wear rate of the friction surfaces. The replaceable element 6 of the axle unit is located on the supporting surface of the adapter 5, and the replaceable element 16 is located on the support side 14. The upper ( frictional) surface of 7 interchangeable elements 6, 16 is in contact with adjacent rubbing surfaces, respectively, of axle box opening 2 or side of the car frame (not shown).

When cars move in the mating zones of adjacent rubbing parts, high-frequency vibrations occur, which lead to increased wear of the marked rubbing parts. The presence of interchangeable friction elements between the above adjacent interacting surfaces leads to a significant reduction in their wear due to a decrease in the intensity of high-frequency vibrations.

Due to the use of elastic pad 15 of small thickness, interchangeable friction elements 6, 16 have little effect on the relative position of adjacent surfaces between which they are installed. Therefore, replaceable friction elements can be used both in newly created carts and for the modernization of carts in operation, for example, models 18-100, 18-578, etc.

When performing minimum longitudinal and transverse gaps (1-5 mm) between the mounting surface of the adapter 5 and the interchangeable friction element 6 or between the support 14 and the side bearing box 16, the shear forces acting on the elastic gasket 15 are reduced, which increases its service life. The presence of an elastic layer (gasket) on the inner surface of the edging will reduce and / or eliminate the movement of removable elements relative to the supporting elements on which they are installed (not shown).

The application of the proposed device will improve the reliability of operation of the carts by reducing the wear of rubbing surfaces.

Replaceable friction element can also be used in other friction units of wagons or other objects of technology.

Claims (4)

1. A replaceable element of the friction unit, mainly of freight carriages, made in the form of a cover with supporting and friction surfaces, at least in part of the contour of which a fringing is made, located at an angle to the cover, and at least part of the contour of the cover is made curved wherein the cover is provided with an elastic gasket, characterized in that the elastic gasket is placed on the supporting surface of the cover. 2. The replaceable element of the friction assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic gasket is rigidly attached to the supporting surface. 3. The replaceable friction unit according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the surfaces of the cover is not flat. 4. The replaceable element of the friction assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of the edging is provided with an elastic gasket rigidly attached to it.

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