RU2462329C1 - Furnace to heat plates from aluminium powder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heaters, particularly, to resistance furnaces to be used for foaming aluminium powder plates. Proposed furnace comprises horizontal chamber with heaters mounted at furnace crown and bottom, and doors with their drives. Said heaters are equipped with thermoelectric converters arranged in cases that make crown and bottom working surfaces. Crown allows pressing working surface to plate before heating and displacing it vertically relative to bottom as plate thickness increases at heating.

EFFECT: efficient and intensive heating to preset temperature.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heating devices, in particular to electric resistance furnaces, and can be used for foaming plates of aluminum powder.

Known bell furnace for annealing sheets in a protective atmosphere (see, for example, Krapukhin V.V. Furnaces for non-ferrous and rare metals. Moscow. Metallurgy. - 1980 - S.283-288), adopted as an analogue, which contains under, designed for laying on it of heated sheets, covered with inner and outer caps. The heating is carried out by the gas burned in the space between the hoods, and the protective atmosphere is created by supplying the protective gas to the inner hood.

The disadvantages of the analogue are:

- low furnace efficiency;

- low heat transfer values.

A known furnace for heating dural ingots (see, for example, Krapukhin V.V. Furnaces for non-ferrous and rare metals. Moscow. Metallurgy. - 1980. - S.315-316), adopted as a prototype, which contains a horizontal chamber, doors . The ingots are heated by heating devices mounted in the hearth and vault.

The disadvantages of the prototype include:

- insufficient heating efficiency due to the impossibility of organizing contact heat transfer during heating;

- significant time to reach the desired temperature by the heated product;

- limited technological capabilities.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the heating intensity, reduce the time it takes to reach a predetermined temperature by arranging heat transfer by heat conduction by providing constant contact between the flat working surfaces of the hearth and the arch and the largest surface areas of the heated aluminum powder plate, while allowing the vertical movement of the arch as it heats up due to a change in the thickness of the aluminum powder plate during its heating and It is possible to ensure a high level of heat transfer during the entire heating time.

The technical result of the invention is achieved due to the fact that the electric furnace for heating plates made of aluminum powder includes a horizontal chamber with heating devices mounted in the arch and hearth, and doors with a mechanism for moving them. The heating devices are equipped with thermoelectric converters in the cases forming the working planes of the hearth and arch, while the arch is made with the possibility of pressing the working plane to the stove before heating and moving in the vertical direction relative to the fixed hearth as the thickness of the plates increases during their heating.

In this case, movement in the vertical direction of the furnace roof can be carried out as a lifting-swinging mechanism, consisting of two three-link four-hinged parallelograms installed on the sides of the furnace chamber, consisting of side and upper links with a longitudinal groove, and four guides installed in pairs on the sides of the furnace chamber, extending beyond the housing dimensions from the upper and lower sides, while the supports of the lower parallelogram hinges are fixed motionless, synchronization of the angle of rotation of the parallelogram hinges provides with the connecting axis, the parallelogram hinge rotation drive is carried out through the lever by the hydraulic cylinder, the guide bodies are mounted on the furnace chamber coaxially vertically and above the parallelograms of the lifting-swinging mechanism, and the guide rods with their upper ends are attached to the furnace arch, when the end rollers entering in the longitudinal grooves of the upper links of the parallelograms, and by the mechanism of lifting the roof of the furnace, made of several piston-type hydraulic cylinders, consisting of bodies and rods, installed claimed in pairs vertically on the sides set approximately to the input and output sides of the furnace enclosure for mounting cylinders to the furnace chamber, with fixing rod to the roof of the furnace. The movement of the oven doors can be carried out as a group drive, providing lifting doors together with the arch, and have an individual drive.

The proposed furnace for heating plates of aluminum powder is shown on graphic materials, where:

- figure 1 shows a cross section of the furnace;

- figure 2 shows a diagram of a lifting-swinging mechanism for lifting the roof of the furnace;

- figure 3 shows a diagram of the mechanism for lifting the roof of the furnace, made of several piston-type hydraulic cylinders;

- figure 4 shows a diagram of the implementation of the group drive doors of the furnace;

- figure 5 shows a diagram of the implementation of an individual drive door of the furnace.

The proposed furnace for heating plates of aluminum powder consists of a horizontal chamber 1, a fixed hearth 2, movable in the vertical direction of the arch 3, doors 4, heating devices 5, a plate 6 of aluminum powder, side 8 and top 9 links of a three-link four-joint parallelogram, buildings 10 and the rods 11 of the guides, the supports 12 of the lower hinges of the parallelograms, the synchronizing axis 13, the lever of the drive 14 of the parallelogram, the hydraulic cylinder 15 of the drive of the parallelogram, the upper ends 16 and the end rollers 17 of the guides, the housing 18 of the hydraulic cylinder a, rod 19 of the hydraulic cylinder, group drive 20 and individual drive 21 of the oven door.

The furnace for heating plates of aluminum powder works as follows (Fig. 1): a plate 6 of aluminum powder through an open door 4 is fed into a horizontal chamber 1, placed on a fixed hearth 2, pressed by a vertically movable arch 3 and heated by heat transfer from the working planes of the hearth and arch formed by the bodies of the heating devices 5, which, in turn, are equipped with thermoelectric converters. The doors are closed when heated. Moving in the vertical direction of the furnace roof can be carried out as a lifting-swinging mechanism (figure 2), and the lifting mechanism of the furnace roof (figure 3), made of several piston-type hydraulic cylinders. In the case of using the lifting-swinging mechanism, its three-link four-hinged parallelograms consist of lateral 8 and upper 9 links, are rotated from the hydraulic cylinder 15 through the drive lever 14 when the supports 12 of the lower parallelogram hinges are fixed and the longitudinal groove is made on the upper links. The angle of rotation of the hinges of the parallelograms is synchronized by the connecting axis 13. The vertical movement of the arch is carried out by means of four guides consisting of housings 10 and rods 11, the rods of which with their upper ends 16 are attached to the arch of the furnace, end rollers 17 are made on their lower parts, and the housing of the guides are mounted on the furnace chamber is aligned vertically and above the parallelograms of the lifting-swinging mechanism. The end rollers of the rods are located in the longitudinal grooves of the upper links of the parallelogram, which makes it possible to transfer only vertical movement through the guides during plane-parallel movement of parallelograms. In the case of using the mechanism of lifting the roof of the furnace, made of several piston-type hydraulic cylinders, containing casings 18 of hydraulic cylinders mounted on the chamber of the furnace, and rods 19 of hydraulic cylinders attached to the roof of the furnace, when the rods and cylinders are arranged in pairs vertically from the sides of the roof, approximately to the input and output sides of the furnace, lifting is carried out when the rods are moved relative to the housings when pressure is applied to the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. In this case, the drive of the oven doors can be carried out both as a group drive 20 (Fig. 4), which ensures the lifting of the doors together with the arch, and by an individual drive 21 (Fig. 5).

The proposed furnace for heating slabs of aluminum powder can be used to organize high-temperature processing by "foaming" of slabs of aluminum powder in the technological lines for the production of panels and foam aluminum sandwiches.

The proposed furnace for heating plates made of aluminum powder will increase the intensity of heating, reduce the time it takes to reach a predetermined temperature by organizing heat transfer by heat conduction by ensuring constant contact between the flat working surfaces of the hearth and arch and the largest sides of the heated plate of aluminum powder, while allowing vertical movement the arch as it is heated, which is due to a change in the thickness of the plate made of aluminum powder during its heating and lit to ensure a high level of heat transfer during the entire heating time.

Thus, a furnace for heating plates of aluminum powder, including a horizontal chamber, fixed under, a vertically movable arch, front and rear doors of the furnace, a heating device, an aluminum powder plate, side and upper links of a three-link four-hinged parallelogram, cases and rods of guides , supports of lower hinges of parallelograms, synchronizing axis, parallelogram drive lever, parallelogram drive hydraulic cylinder, upper ends and end rollers of guides, hydraulic cylinder cases, rod hydraulic cylinders, group and individual drive oven doors, allows:

- organize heat transfer by thermal conductivity by ensuring constant contact between the heater and the heated stove made of aluminum powder;

- to provide the required intensity of heating plates made of aluminum powder during the entire heating time;

- reduce the time to reach the heated plate made of aluminum powder at a predetermined temperature.

Claims (5)

1. An electric furnace for heating plates made of aluminum powder, including a horizontal chamber with heating devices mounted in the arch and the hearth, and doors with a mechanism for moving them, characterized in that the heating devices are equipped with thermoelectric converters in the cases that form the working planes of the hearth and arch, the arch is made with the possibility of pressing the working plane to the plates before heating and moving in the vertical direction relative to the fixed hearth with increasing thickness of the plates during their roar. 2. The electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a movement mechanism for the arch, made in the form of a lifting-swinging mechanism, consisting of two three-link four-hinged parallelograms installed on the sides of a horizontal chamber, consisting of side links and a top link with a longitudinal groove, four guides installed in pairs on the sides of the horizontal chamber, consisting of a housing and a rod extending beyond the housing dimensions from its upper and lower sides, and a connecting axis to ensure rotation angle synchronization the hinges of the parallelogram, while the supports of the lower hinges of the parallelogram are fixed motionless, the side and upper links are rotatable by means of the drive of the hinges of the parallelogram through the lever of its hydraulic cylinder, the housing of the rails are mounted vertically and parallel to the parallelograms of the lifting-swinging mechanism on the horizontal chamber, the rods of the rails the upper ends are attached to the arch, and the end rollers included in the longitudinal grooves of the upper links of the parallelograms are made on zhnih parts of the guide. 3. The electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a mechanism for moving the arch, made in the form of a mechanism for lifting the arch of the furnace, having several piston-type hydraulic cylinders, consisting of bodies and rods mounted in pairs vertically from the sides of the arch close to the input and output sides the furnace when mounting the hydraulic cylinder housings on the furnace chamber with the rod fixed to the furnace roof. 4. The electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the doors are equipped with a group drive for lifting them together with the arch. 5. Electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the doors are equipped with an individual drive for lifting them.

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