RU2198363C2 - Foam glass roasting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacture of building materials. SUBSTANCE: furnace intended for roasting of foam-glass plates, mainly for single-row roasting of powder- like mass from volcanic glass includes lined body, heating system, bin and slot in furnace arch. Transportation system consists of trays and limiters; end and intermediate limiters are mounted on tray made from transversal tubes welded together by means of plates and longitudinal tubes. End inter-tray limiters include non-detachable member made from plate welded at butt of tray at angle of 5-10 deg. relative to transversal tubes and detachable member which is inclined outside of tray and made in form of trapezoidal box consisting of side rectangular, upper and lower trapezoidal plates. Intermediate limiter is made from side rectangular plates and lower triangular plate to which another plate is welded in transversal direction; detachable limiters are mounted in slots found in respective transversal tubes of tray. EFFECT: simplified construction. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the building materials industry and is intended for the manufacture of foam-glass slabs for powder technology from volcanic glasses, industrial waste metallurgy, etc.

A known furnace for the production of large-sized blocks from fusible clays, including a kiln channel and kiln trolleys (transport system), on the lining of which lateral limiters (sides) are made of refractory ceramics (1). The formation of blocks in this furnace is carried out by expansion and fusion during firing of individual layers of clay granules. A layer of granules is poured onto moving roasting trolleys through successively located slots in the arch of the furnace. This achieves the production of a continuous porous tape, which is then cut into large blocks (at the contact with the sides and between the trolleys) at 700-800 ^o C, they are removed from the firing trolleys and sent to the refrigerator.

 The disadvantage of this furnace is the short service life of the refractory sides of the trolleys due to thermal and mechanical destruction, especially when cutting porous tape into blocks and removing them from furnace trolleys.

 There is a kiln for firing porous ceramic products (2), in which the restriction sides on the furnace trolleys are made of the material of the fired products, i.e. made of porous ceramics. Beams of 15-20 cm thickness are cut from porous ceramics and placed on the edges of furnace trolleys, and as the trolley train moves between the limiters, numerous layers of granules are fed, they are expanded and welded together and with limiters into a monolithic porous mass.

 The disadvantage of this furnace is that when the width of the oven trolleys is 1.0 m, the productivity of the furnace decreases by ~ 40%, and the specific fuel consumption increases by 20-25% (due to re-heating of the sides made of porous ceramics).

 Closest to the technical nature of the present invention is a furnace (3), in which a rotating underneath (ring furnace) is made of metal trapezoidal elements separated by U-shaped transverse stops installed in guides placed on the sides of the hearth platform and supported by flexible elements ( e.g. springs). U-shaped limiters after the formation of foam-glass plates in the firing zone (by the method of layer-by-layer filling of the semi-finished product) are vibrated in the vertical direction by means of vibrators, and the plates are pulled out of the hearth into a coaxially located annular refrigerator.

The disadvantages of this furnace are:
- the complexity of the design of the transverse U-shaped limiters;
- the impossibility of using such a design of limiters in the production of foam-glass slabs in slotted tunnel furnaces, because it does not provide separation of each element of the transport system at the end of the furnace with the aim of returning it to the beginning of the furnace.

 At the same time, the use of a tunnel furnace, in contrast to a ring furnace, will simplify the design and reduce the metal consumption of the furnace.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the design of the limiters of the transport system of the furnace and the removal of plates from the pallet, making it possible to tear off the element of the transport system outside the firing zone of the furnace and return it to the channel of the furnace; on a pallet made of transverse pipes welded together by plates and longitudinal pipes, an end (inter-pallet) stopper is mounted, consisting of two elements: fixed, made of a plate welded to the end of the pallet at an angle of 5-10 ^o to the transverse pipes and inclined to the outer side of the pallet, and removable, made in the form of a trapezoidal duct cut off on one side, consisting of a lateral rectangular and upper and lower trapezoidal plates, on the lower surface of the latter in the transverse direction welded plate; an intermediate (between the plates) limiter made of lateral rectangular plates and the lower - triangular, on the lower surface of the latter in the transverse direction the plate is welded; and removable stops are mounted in slots made in the respective transverse tubes of the pallet.

 The furnace for firing foam-glass slabs (Fig. 1,2) consists of a lined body 1, a transport system 2, metal pallets 3, supports 4, a heating system 5, hoppers 6, a pusher 7, an ejector 8, a transfer carriage with a lifting mechanism 9, a return ways 10.

The transport system 2 consists (Figs. 3,4,5) of metal pallets 3 made of transverse pipes 11, welded together from the side and from the top with plates and two longitudinal pipes from below 12 (Fig. 3, views A and B), according to which the pallet rests on the supports 4 and slides on them. On the pallet mounted end 13, 14 (pallets) and intermediate 15 (between plates) limiters (figure 3, types A and B, figure 4,5). Intermediate 15 (type A) limiter is made of lateral rectangular plates and lower triangular. On the lower surface of the latter, a plate 16 is welded in the transverse direction. The inter-pallet stop 13,14 consists of two elements: one - fixed 13 is made of a plate welded to the end of the pallet at an angle of 5-10 ^o with respect to the transverse pipes 11 and tilted to the outside pallet; the other - removable 14 is made in the form of a trapezoidal duct cut off on one side and consists of a lateral rectangular and upper and lower hemispherical trapezoidal plates on the lower surface of the lower plate in the transverse direction is welded plate 17. Removable stops 14.15 using plates 16.17 in length freely mounted in slots made in the respective transverse pipes of the pallet 3.

 The furnace operates as follows.

The pusher 7 of the pallet 3 (Fig. 2, pos. 1) moves to the furnace and at the moment of the train movement of the pallets 2 of the three bins 6 simultaneously pour on the pallets a semi-finished product (in the form of granules or coarse sand) with a thickness of 20-25 mm and swell to a thickness 30-35 mm for 10-15 minutes at 850-950 ^o C (Fig. 1.2 pos. 2,3,4). Then on the expanded layer serves a second, then the third layer to obtain plates 18 with a thickness of 100-110 mm At the beginning of the furnace, the first pan is simultaneously heated from above and below. At the end of the furnace for 10-15 minutes, a sharp cooling of the plates from 850-950 ^o C to 700 ^o C is carried out by air scuffing (Fig. 2, item 5). In position 6, the trapezoidal plates 18 are removed with the ejector 8 (Fig. 1) and transferred to the refrigerator 19. Then, using the trolley 9 (Fig. 2), the pallet 3 lifting mechanism with a temperature of ~ 500 ^o C is transferred to the furnace beginning and the pusher 7 is fed into the oven and the cycle repeats. As a result, after cutting the edges, trapezoidal foam-glass plates are obtained, for example, 600-650x700x100 mm.

 The productivity of the furnace with pallets with two plates (the length of the furnace is 8.5 m) will be about 9.5 thousand cubic meters per year. It can be increased proportionally with increasing furnace length.

 The use of foam-glass plates as wall materials (instead of an effective brick) will reduce the wall thickness by 2.5 times (from 0.8 to 0.32 m), and the mass of 1 square. m wall 6-7 times. In order to use foam-glass slabs instead of brick, large blocks of 350 mm thickness are made from them by gluing three slabs with each other with cement-sand mortar or other materials.

Sources of information
1. Jebens A, “Method for the production of expanded clay blocks,” Lindusrie ceramique 708, 7/8/1977, pp. 487-490.

 2. Annealing furnace for porous ceramic products, autosvid. 1190671, 07/08/1985

 3. Ring furnace, autosvid. 1796854, 10/08/1992

Claims (1)

An oven for firing foam-glass plates, mainly for single-layer layer-by-layer firing of powdered masses from volcanic glasses, includes a lined housing, a heating system, a hopper and slots on the arch of the furnace, a transport system consisting of metal pallets and limiters, characterized in that on a pallet made of transverse pipes welded together by plates and longitudinal pipes mounted end inter-pallet and intermediate stops, end inter-pallet stops are composed of elements: a lot made of a plate welded at the end of the pallet at an angle of 5-10 ^o to the transverse pipes and tilted to the outside of the pallet, removable, made in the form of a trapezoidal duct cut off from one side, consisting of a rectangular lateral, upper and lower trapezoidal plates, on the lower surface of the latter in the transverse direction is welded to the plate, the intermediate stopper is made of lateral rectangular plates and the lower triangular, on which the plate is welded in the transverse direction, while removable stops are mounted in slots made in the respective transverse pipes of the pallet.

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