RU24481U1 - MULTI-STOREY BUILT-OFF DESIGN - Google Patents

Description

MULTI-STOREY FENDING DESIGN

IPC Index - Е04В2 / 02 IPC Editorial Number -7

Technical field

The invention relates to multi-storey construction, namely to the construction of buildings with a supporting frame or transverse bearing walls and self-supporting enclosing structures.

State of the art

Known enclosing structures consisting of external brickwork and aerated concrete blocks laid on the floor (Russian patent No. 2148129). Aerated concrete blocks produced by industry with a density of 400 kg / m, and even more so of higher density blocks, do not meet the increased requirements for thermal protection of building envelopes. Enclosing structures using blocks of structural aerated concrete or polystyrene concrete and additional thermal protection using mineral wool insulation or expanded polystyrene are also known (Russian patent No. 2151844). This leads to an increase in wall thickness, loss of usable area, complicates and increases the cost of the enclosing structure. The disadvantages of such structures are the cost of transporting the blocks, raising them to the floors, fighting during unloading, laying, the presence of cold bridges with poor quality blocks and

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BUILDINGS

laying them on a solution. On the other hand, the disadvantage of thermal insulation from expanded polystyrene and other foams is their relative fragility, the release of harmful substances during heating, and mineral wool insulation sags and loses its heat-shielding properties even with a slight increase in humidity.

Structures made of self-supporting enclosing plates are also known, where insulating materials from foamed plastics or miniplates are placed between layers of dense concrete (Russian patent application No. 94000353). When using the stove inside it, moisture condensation and soaking of the walls of the room occur. Stuffed boards made of polystyrene foam and other foamed plastics are free from this drawback, however, they release harmful substances when heated. The use of dense concrete makes the enclosing structure airtight, which affects the comfort of the home. Installation of plates requires the use of expensive crane equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main task, the solution of which the present invention is directed, is to reduce the cost of construction, in particular, by simplifying installation. Other important tasks solved by the invention are the improvement of heat-shielding qualities and vapor permeability of the building envelope.

The solution of these problems is achieved by creating a structure with ultralight monolithic foam concrete as a heat-insulating layer placed between the fixed formwork along

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the edge of the overlap and the permanent formwork leading from the foundation, and the fixed formwork is made of brick or other materials that ensure vapor permeability. A wall with such a structure is a monolithic structure devoid of cold bridges and consisting of two materials - heat-insulating foam concrete and non-removable formwork material (all other signs included in the formula are given below).

Brief List of Drawings

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where:

a fragment of the enclosing structure with a partial cut-out of its wall is depicted for a better display of the structure;

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention At a certain distance from the ceiling 2, from the foundation 1, a wall 3 of brick or other small blocks is laid out; in places of overlap, it is connected to the ceilings by reinforcement 6. On the edge of the floor slabs, an internal masonry 4 made of brick or other small-sized blocks is made, connected through a certain number of rows of masonry with an external wall 3 of reinforcement 6. Between the external wall 3 and the internal masonry 4, the resulting gap is filled heat-insulating foam concrete 5 with a density of 250-300 kg / m3. You can use various fillers in the form of crumbs or granules of foamed plastics, for example expanded polystyrene. for foam concrete with a density of 100-150 kg / m3, which allows to reduce the thickness

building envelope. The resulting monolithic enclosing structure is devoid of cold bridges and is breathable, since bricks or other small-sized blocks with sufficient vapor permeability are used. The use of expanded polystyrene as a filler of foam concrete, although it reduces vapor permeability, but makes it acceptable enough to ensure the comfort of a home. Naturally hardened foam concrete is produced directly at the construction site and poured as the building envelope is created. The thickness of the gap between the masonry is determined based on the density of the foam and the current requirements of SNiP.

Claims (4)

1. The building envelope of a multi-storey building, containing a protective wall of small blocks and an inner insulating layer of cellular concrete, characterized in that the outer wall is laid from the foundation to the entire height of the building at a distance from the ceilings and transverse walls, an internal fixed wall is installed between the ceilings along their edge formwork, and a monolithic heat-insulating foam concrete of natural hardening is placed between the protective wall and the formwork.  2. The enclosing structure according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the inner formwork is made of non-removable small-sized blocks and is connected to the small-sized blocks of the protective wall by reinforcing bonds.  3. The enclosing structure according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the internal fixed formwork is made of sheet materials mounted on metal structures connected by reinforcing ties to small-sized blocks of the protective wall. 4. The enclosing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating foam concrete contains fillers from crumb of foamed plastic, for example, polystyrene foam crumb.