RU2383125C2 - Comber machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to agricultural machine building and may be used to produce fodders. Comber machine comprises frame, mowing apparatus and hitch tongue. Frame has jackets fixed for drum, auger and thrower. Neck is attached to jacket of thrower, on which discharge pipeline rests with guide canopy. Drum has combing racks for combing of leaves. Mowing apparatus of stem part of plants is installed under jacket of auger and is arranged in the form of rotor of rectangular section with knives fixed on its surface. Behind comber machine there are two hydraulic cylinders mounted with stopping devices for adjustment of plant combing height. Adjustment of stem cutting height is carried out with hydraulic cylinders and support shoes.

EFFECT: application of comber machine makes it possible to produce high-quality herbal flour from plant leaves and good-quality hay from combed stems.

2 dwg

Description

The combing machine is designed for use in agricultural machinery, in devices for combing the productive part of plants on the vine.

Known plant-combing machine (1), containing a frame on which a drum is mounted on the shaft with several rows of combing working bodies mounted on it by means of brackets having clamping elements and a receiver for the combed part of plants. For a number of working bodies, the clamping elements are made in the form of a corner having cutouts in the horizontal shelf for placement of stripping working bodies in them, each of which is made in the form of a finger, and the working bodies of the row are arranged to change the distance between them. Each working body in a cross section has a rectangular shape and is equipped with a latch fixed at its end to prevent displacement of organs. The receiver of the combed part of the plants is made in the form of a hopper, on the front wall of which several scrapers are fixed with a gap between them for the passage of the combing working bodies, and the free end of each working body is made wedge-shaped.

The disadvantage of this machine is that it does not mow the combed stems of the plants.

A known harvester for fractional harvesting of plants (2), containing a frame supported by two pneumatic wheels located on the frame, separate, but technologically connected casings in which a rotor with cutting knives are mounted, a screw and a thrower, to the casing of which a neck is attached, onto which relies on an unloading silo with a guide visor to ensure the entry of mowed plants into the vehicle. It is additionally equipped with a segmented-finger cutting apparatus for mowing the stem part of plants and laying it in swath, moreover, to regulate the cutting height of the leaf part of plants, there is a screw-type mechanism with a locking device, and to regulate the height of the cut of the stem part there is a hydraulic cylinder and support shoes. In the transport position, the segmented finger cutting apparatus is fixed with a bracket and a stopper. Inside the casing of the harvester, on the body of the thrower, a concave-shaped baffle plate is fixed. Two impellers from a wheel-finger rake are fixed on its frame with the possibility of raising and lowering.

The disadvantage of this combine is its low productivity due to the collection of leaves only from the upper tier of legumes, as well as the inconvenience of using a segmented-finger apparatus for mowing the lower part of plants.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the machine for collecting leaves and mowing the stems of combed plants without backwater.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the stripping machine contains a frame supported by two pneumatic wheels located on the frame, separate but technologically connected casings in which a drum, auger and a thrower are mounted, to the casing of which a neck is fastened, on which a discharge silo with a guide rests a visor, a mowing apparatus of the stem part of plants, mechanisms for regulating the height of stripping and cutting of the stems of combed plants. The drum is equipped with combing combs, and the mowing apparatus of the stem part of the plants is mounted under the auger casing and is a rectangular rotor with knives fixed to its surface, and the height of combing of plants is adjusted by hydraulic cylinders with a locking device, and there are hydraulic cylinders and support for regulating the height of the cut of the stems shoes.

Figure 1 shows a side view of the stripping machine, figure 2 is a top view of figure 1.

The combing machine contains a frame 1, supported by two pneumatic wheels 2 and connected with a snare 3, on which working bodies are mounted in separate but technologically connected casings 4, 5, 6 - a drum 7 with six rows of combing combs 8, a screw 9 and a thrower 10 Outside the machine, a throat 11 is attached to the casing 6 of the thrower 10, on which the unloading silo 12 with the guide visor 13, which ensures the flow of combed leaves of plants into the vehicle, rests. The drum 7, located in the casing 4, combes the leaves of the grasses with scallops 8 and transports them to the cantilever screw 9 installed in the casing 5, which in turn feeds the sheet mass into the loading window 14 of the casing 6 of the thrower 10. Two hydraulic cylinders 15 are mounted behind the stripping machine locking devices 16 for regulating the height of the tow of plants. Behind the drum 7 with combing combs 8, under the casing 5 of the screw 9, a rotary cutting apparatus 17 of rectangular section with knives 18 is mounted for mowing the combed stems and laying them in a swath for drying on hay or hay. The transfer of the rotary cutting apparatus 17 from the transport position to the working one is carried out by hydraulic cylinders 19 and support shoes 20. The torque from the tractor PTO is transmitted by the driveshaft 21 to the drive mechanism (gear) 22, and from it to all working bodies. In the inoperative state, the machine rests on the site on two pneumatic wheels 2 and a support stand 23 of the snits 3.

The combing machine works as follows: on the platform, an MTZ-80/82 tractor approaches it, the attachment of which clings to the frame 3 of the grommet 1, and the PTO shaft of the tractor PTO shaft 21. After that, the support column 23 is removed and the machine is transported by pneumatic wheels 2 to to the field. In the field, a drum 7 with combs 8 of hydraulic cylinders 15 is set to a predetermined stripping height and fixed by a locking device 16. The required cutting height of combed plant stems (6-8 cm) is set by hydraulic cylinders 19 and support shoes 20. The discharge silo 12 with a guide visor 13 is rotated left. When starting up, the torque from the tractor’s PTO through the driveshaft 21 is transmitted to the drive mechanism (gear) 22, and from it to all the working bodies of the machine. When moving around the field, the drum 7 with combs 8 combes leaves from plants, mainly legumes, for example alfalfa, etc., and feeds them to the screw 9, which moves it to the loading window 14 of the thrower 10. The thrower 10 transports the sheet mass through the neck 11 , on which the unloading silo 12 is supported, into the cart of a nearby tractor. The visor 13 of the silo 12 regulates the loading of the truck body. After the trolley is full, it is transported to the place of drying. At this time, the next trolley is filling.

Simultaneously with the brushing of leaves, the rotary cutting apparatus 17 mows with knives 18 the stems of the combed plants, on which up to 20% of the leaves remain, and puts them in a raiser for drying. When turning at the edge of the field, the cutting apparatus 17 with the hydraulic cylinders 19 rises up, and at the end of the turn, lowers down until the support shoes 20 come into contact with the soil. Thus, the technological process of operation of the stripping machine. After the stems of the plants are dried to a moisture content of 18-20%, they are removed from the field.

The use of the proposed machine will allow you to get high-quality herbal flour from the leaves of legumes with a content of 23-28% protein, and from the combed stems - good quality hay.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2058707, IPC A01D 41/08 / Akhlamov Yu.D., Dedaev G.A., Otroshko S.A., Shevtsov A.V. Bull. No. 12, 1996.

2. RF patent No. 2137342, IPC A01D 45/00, 41/04 / Bondarev V.A., Otroshko S.A., Klimenko V.P. and others. Byul. No. 26, 1999.

Claims (1)

A stripping machine containing a frame supported by two pneumatic wheels located on the frame, separate but technologically connected casings in which a drum, auger and thrower are mounted, to the neck of which a neck is attached, on which an unloading silo with a guiding visor rests, mowing the stem parts of plants, mechanisms for regulating the height of combing and cutting stems of combed plants, characterized in that the drum is equipped with combing combs, and the mowing apparatus of the stem part s mounted under the casing and the screw rotor is rectangular with fixed blades on its surface, wherein the height adjustment is carried plants ochesyvaniya cylinders with the locking device, and for the height of the stems of cut adjustment are hydraulic cylinders and supporting shoes.

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