RU2188854C2 - Washing bars containing activating powders for transferring useful additives and method for preparing these bars - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: household chemical goods. SUBSTANCE: washing bar composition consists of (i) 1 to 30% activating powder including, % of the weight of powder: active additive, 1-70; carrier having melting temperature superior to temperature in drying chamber wherein activating powder is prepared, 15- 98; water, 1-10; auxiliary agent for precipitation and facilitating process treatment selected from: anionic, cationic, nonionic, and amphoteric surfactant s, cationic polymers, and hydrophilic polymers, 0-30; and (ii) 99 to 70% cuttings including 5 to 90% surfactant complex, said surfactant being selected from soap, anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and cationic surfactants and their mixtures. Activating powder is prepared by spray drying technique. Constituents (i) and (ii) are prepared separately. When preparing (i), all components (auxiliary agent optionally) are mixed at 40-80 C. Mixture of active additive with carrier is preliminarily dried at 80-200 C and pressure 0.10-0.30 MPa. Mixture of (i) and (ii) is passed through screw machine and extruded to form finished bars. EFFECT: optimized process parameters. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to compositions for washing bars, in particular to synthetic compositions for bars, which have an improved ability to deliver useful additives. In particular, the invention relates to powdered activating additives comprising (a) useful additives, (b) a carrier (e.g., soluble or partially soluble starches, water-soluble non-crystalline solids or semi-crystalline water-soluble solids), (c) water and optionally (d) auxiliary means for precipitating / facilitating technological processing, wherein said activating powders are mixed with shavings for washing bars before grinding, extruding and stamping the bars. The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing these bars, and can be used in the chemical industry, in the production of hygiene and cosmetics.

 It is difficult to develop a composition for the manufacture of washing bars (lump of toilet soap), which can deliver a sufficient amount of useful additives, providing tangible beneficial effects on the skin, and which at the same time do not interfere with the process of making bars (for example, a useful additive can be sticky and clog machines either it can have a high viscosity and make the bar composition difficult to extrude), and / or these useful additives can adversely affect the consumer properties of the bars (for example On foam).

 For example, as a rule, water-insoluble beneficial additives tend to lower the soap properties. In addition, even if these substances are included in the bars, the effective application of water-insoluble beneficial additives from the bars to the skin is difficult due to the high content of water-insoluble particles in them, such as fatty acids or waxes contained in the bars, which can compete with particles of the beneficial additive or interfere with the deposition of the desired water-insoluble beneficial additive on the skin.

The authors of this application unexpectedly found that in case the beneficial additive is delivered in the form of an activating powder comprising (1) the beneficial additive; (2) a water-soluble (or at least partially soluble) carrier; (3) water, and (4) optionally auxiliary means, a deposition / processing relief, selected from the group consisting of surfactants (e.g., kokoamidosulfosuktsinat, aldobionamid), cationic polymers (e.g., Merquat ^® 100) and hydrophilic polymers ( for example, polyethylene glycols with a higher molecular weight), it is possible to enhance the deposition of a useful additive (the level of which approaches the same high level as when using shower gels instead of bars), while not Xia damage manufacturability (and in some cases increasing it) and without reducing consumer features, such as the amount of foam.

 The use of certain precipitating polymers (e.g., cationic polymers) to enhance the precipitation of water-insoluble particles (e.g., emollients, such as silicone oil) is known to precipitate substances from liquid shampoos onto the hair. For example, in US patent 5037818, it is reported that cationic compounds enhance the deposition of particles on the hair from shampoos.

 Publication WO 94/03152 (transferred to Unilever, a public limited company) reports liquid cleansers that can effectively deposit silicone oil on the skin using cationic polymers.

 In US patent 4788006 (Bolich, Jr. et al.) Teaches shampoos with particles of silicone oil ranging in size from 2 to 50 micrometers, the compositions of which contain xanthan gum for conditioning hair.

 The publications cited above do not, however, mention the deposition of a useful additive from washing bars. In addition, they do not report or suggest any powdery activating additives including a useful additive plus a special carrier that can withstand spray drying (as well as optional deposition aids, facilitating processing, which may include cationic polymers); these publications also do not report or suggest the use of such powdered activating additives together with chips for the manufacture of washing bars.

 Detergent bars for personal use are also described in the art, including a cationic polymer to provide skin conditioning and / or softness effects (see US Pat. Nos. 4,673,525, 4,820,447 and 5,096,608). In these references, the cationic polymer is not used in combination with a useful additive to form the spray-dried activating powder as described in the present invention.

 US Pat. No. 3,761,418 describes detergent compositions containing both water-insoluble particulate matter and cationic polymers to improve the deposition and retention of particles of a substance on a surface that is washed with a detergent composition. In particular, improved deposition of antimicrobial agents from toilet soap bars by using cationic polymers is described. But this publication also does not describe or suggest the use of the activating powder of the present invention (which should contain a carrier and optionally include a cationic polymer) to improve the deposition of the beneficial substance.

In the filed by the authors of this application and at the same time pending application for US patent 08/821504, filed the same number as the present application, and entitled "Method of improving deposition from the bars, including the use of compositions of activating powders, including a useful additive and precipitating polymer", the authors applications report bars made from an activating powder that includes a cationic polymer. The activating substances of the present invention are not limited to the fact that they contain a carrier with a melting point above 80 ^o C, preferably above 100 ^o C, since this application has a broader purpose and its concept is to first create activating powders containing a useful additive (and also containing cationic substances that contribute to precipitation), and then they are subjected to joint extrusion with chips, and any process can be used (free drying, spray drying). In contrast, the support of the present invention should have a minimum melting point to withstand spray drying.

 The invention relates to compositions for washing bars in which from 1 to 30% (by weight) of the powder composition, preferably from 5 to 25%, more preferably from 10 to 25% of the powder composition, are mixed from 99 to 70%, preferably from 95 to 75 %, "ordinary" shavings for washing bars, comprising from 5 to 90% of a complex (system) of surface-active substances. The activating powder composition and the chips are mixed and extruded, resulting in a bar composition capable of delivering a beneficial additive to the skin in concentrations far exceeding previously possible concentrations.

In particular, the invention relates to compositions for bars, including:
(A) from about 1 to 30% of the powder (which is about 10% of the filling), including:
(a) from 1 to 70% of the useful substance (based on the weight of the powder);
(b) from 15 to 98% of the carrier (based on the weight of the powder);
(c) from 1 to 10% water (based on the weight of the powder);
(d) from 0 to 30% of an aid to precipitate / facilitate processing (e.g., a surfactant, cationic polymer and / or hydrophilic polymer) (based on the weight of the powder) and
(B) from 99 to 70% of the chips, comprising from 5 to 90% of a complex (system) of surfactants, in which the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of soap, anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant , amphoteric surfactant, cationic surfactant and mixtures thereof.

 The amount of filling with a useful additive in the finished bars (for example, about 10%) depends on how many percent of the amount of powder is a useful additive. For example, if the powder contains 50% oil as a useful additive, then 20% of the powder (and 80% of the chips) will be needed to get 10% of the filling (i.e. 50% of 20%). If the nutrient is only 25% by weight of the powder, then in order to get 10% filling in the finished bars, you need 40% of the powder (25% of 40%) mixed with 60% of the chips.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of washing bars, in which (A) and (B) are obtained separately; in which (a), (b), (c) and the optimal amount (g) are mixed at a temperature of from 40 to 80 ^o C; in which the mixture (a) and (b) is spray dried at a temperature of from 80 to 200 ^o With a pressure of from 0.10 to 0.30 MPa and in which (A) and (B) are mixed, passed through a screw machine and extruded, getting the finished bars.

 The present invention relates to compositions for washing bars, which are capable of delivering large amounts of a beneficial additive to the skin or to other substrates than was previously possible for compositions of washing bars. In particular, by preparing activating powders containing the desired beneficial additives and co-extruding the powder containing the beneficial additive with “conventional” chips containing surfactants, bars can be obtained that deliver relatively large amounts of the beneficial additive to the skin.

 Thus, the invention relates to powders containing a beneficial additive having a specific new composition (i.e., a beneficial additive, typically added in the form of an emulsion; typically a water-soluble carrier and optionally also an aid to precipitate / facilitate processing), and also applies to washing bars obtained by co-extruding these activating powders and containing "normal" chips containing surfactants.

POWDER CONTAINING A USEFUL ADDITIVE
The powders containing the beneficial additive of the present invention include the “composition” of the beneficial additive (usually, although not necessarily, used in combination with an emulsifier, in the form of an emulsion); typically a water soluble carrier; water and optionally an aid to precipitate / facilitate processing. As described below, these components are typically mixed to form a suspension and dried (for example, in a spray dryer) to obtain a powder. Each component is described in more detail below.

COMPOSITION OF USEFUL ADDITIVES
The “composition” of the beneficial additive of the present invention may be only a component of the beneficial additive, or it may be a beneficial additive added via a carrier. In addition, the composition of the beneficial additive may be a mixture of two or more compounds, one or all of which may have beneficial properties. In addition, the beneficial additive itself can act as a carrier for other components that can optionally be added to the composition for the washing bars.

 A useful additive may be a “softening oil”, which means a substance that softens the skin (keratinized layer) by increasing the water content in it and keeping it soft by slowing down the process of reducing the moisture content.

Preferred emollients include:
(a) silicone oils, gums and their modifications, such as linear or cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes; amino, alkyl, alkylaryl and aryl silicone oils;
(b) solid fats and liquid oils, including natural fats and oils, such as jojoba oil, soybean oil, rice oil, avocado oil, almond, olive, sesame, peach, castor, coconut, mink oil; cacao butter; beef fat, lard; hardened oils obtained by hydrogenation of the above oils, as well as synthetic mono-, di- and triglycerides, such as myristic acid glyceride and 2-ethylhexanoic acid glyceride;
(c) waxes such as carnauba (palm) wax, spermaceti, beeswax, lanolin and their derivatives;
(g) hydrophobic plant extracts;
(e) hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffins, petroleum jelly, microcrystalline wax, ceresin, squalene, pristan and mineral oil;
(e) higher fatty acids, such as lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, behenic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, lanolin, isostearic acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs);
(g) higher alcohols, such as lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, behenyl, cholesterol and 2-hexadecanol alcohol;
(h) esters such as cetyl octanate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl adipate, butyl stearate, decyl oleate, cholesterol isostearate, glycerol tertolite, glycerol tertol
(i) essential oils, such as peppermint, jasmine, camphor oil, white cedar oil, orange peel oil, rue, turpentine, cinnamon, bergamot oil, unshu citrus oil, rattan oil, coniferous, lavender, laurel, clove, tuevik , eucalyptus, lemon, hemp, thyme oil, peppermint oil, pink, sage, menthol, cineole, eugenol, citral, citronella, borneol, linalool, geraniol, enoteric, camphor, thymole, lemon peni enoid oil;
(k) lipids, such as cholesterol, ceramides, sucrose esters and pseudoceramides, such as described in the description of the invention in the application for European patent 556957;
(k) vitamins, such as vitamins A and E, and esters of vitamin and alkyl, including esters of vitamin C and alkyl;
(m) sunscreens such as octylmethoxylcinnamate (Parsol MCX) and butylmethoxybenzoylmethane (Parsol 1989);
(n) phospholipids and
(o) mixtures of any of the above components.

Another requirement for the composition of the beneficial additive of the present invention is that this composition has a viscosity above 10,000 centipoise (10,000 mP • s ^-1 ). This viscosity can be obtained as a result of the fact that a single emollient can have a viscosity higher than the specified value, or due to the fact that the emollients with lower viscosity were thickened so that their viscosity reaches the specified value.

A particularly preferred useful additive is silicone, in particular, as indicated, silicones having a viscosity higher than about 10,000 mPa · s ⁻¹ (10,000 centipoise). The silicone may be a gum and / or a mixture of silicones. One example of such substances is polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of about 60,000 mPa · s ⁻¹ (60,000 centistokes).

 A useful additive is usually from 1 to 70%, preferably from 30 to 60%, most preferably from 40 to 60% by weight of the powder composition. As mentioned above, if the useful additive is 50% by weight of the powder, and the powder is 20% of the mixture of powder and chips that are extruded to form the final product - bars (i.e. 20% powder / 80% chips), then filling the useful additive is 10%.

CARRIER
In one embodiment, the carrier component may be any water-soluble starch, including both partially soluble starches (such as corn or potato starch), and, more preferably, “truly” water-soluble starches, i.e. starches for which at least 10 wt.% or more of the starch solution in water is dissolved to form a clear or substantially clear solution. Examples of such starches include maltodextrin. Maltodextrin is particularly preferred.

 In another embodiment, the carrier may be a water-soluble solid non-crystalline substance, such as, for example, an alkali metal caseinate (e.g., sodium caseinate).

 The carrier may also be a semi-crystalline, water-soluble solid, such as, for example, gelatin.

The carrier according to the present invention should have a melting point above 80 ^{° C.} , preferably above 100 ^° C. It is believed that carriers with such a high melting point can successfully withstand spray drying in the production of the powder without forming an insoluble mixture. It should be borne in mind that you can use media with a lower melting point (theoretically not higher than room temperature), if they are obtained using a full-size (rather than laboratory) spray dryer. Thus, all that is required is that the melting temperature of the carrier be higher than the temperature of the drying chamber in which the activating additive is obtained.

 The carrier compound, as a rule, is from about 15 to 98%, preferably 30 to 50% of the composition of the powder.

WATER
The third component of the powder composition is water, which typically ranges from about 1 to about 10% of the amount of powder. It should be noted that for some materials such a low water content is not necessary, and if necessary, some more water is added (for example, to improve the fluidity of the powder), since in any case the powder is hygroscopic.

DEPOSITIVE / RELIEF ACCESSORIES
TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSING
An optional component of the powder composition is an adjuvant for deposition / facilitation of processing, which is selected from the group consisting of (1) anionic, cationogenic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants; (2) cationic polymers; and (3) hydrophilic polymers.

Surfactant excipients of group (1) may be one of dozens of suitable surfactants, including but not limited to the following: alkyl ether sulfates; alkyl ethoxylates; alkylethoxycarboxylates; alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates; alpha olefin sulfonates; acyl taurides; methylacyltaurates; N-acylglutamates; acyl isothionates; anionic acyl sarcosinates; alkyl phosphates; glucose methyl esters; protein condensates; ethoxylated alkyl sulfates; alkyl polyglucosides; alkylamine oxides; betaines; sultaines; alkyl sulfosuccinates, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, acyl lactylates and mixtures thereof. For the above detergents, those based on C ₈ to C ₂₄ -, more preferably C ₁₀ to C ₁₈ alkyl and acyl groups are preferred.

 Preferred surfactants include sulfosuccinates, such as cocoamidosulfosuccinate; amidobetaines such as cocoamidopropyl betaine; and aldonamides such as lactobionamides.

Cationic polymers that can be used include cationic polymers such as JR Polymer (e.g., JR-400 Polymer) manufactured by Union Carbide, Merquat ^® brand polymers such as Merquat 100 and Merquat 550 manufactured by Merck & Co., Jaguar polymer ^® , such as Jaguar ^® C-14-S, manufactured by Stein Hall; Mirapol ^® brand polymers such as Mirapol AI5 ^® from Mirapol Chemicals.

Other suitable cationic polymers may include copolymers of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and acrylamide and copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide, in which the ratio of cationic and neutral nonionic components is chosen so that the copolymers have a cationic charge. Other suitable cationic polymers include cationic starches, e.g. StaLok ^® 300 and 400, manufactured by Staley, Inc.

 Other cationic polymers that may also be used are described in US Pat. No. 4,438,094.

 Hydrophilic polymers that can be used include polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of 1450-150,000, such as PEG 8000 from Union Carbide.

 The above components may comprise from about 0 to 30%, preferably from 0 to 15%, of the powder composition.

GETTING
The powder-like activating additives of the present invention are typically, although not necessarily, prepared by preparing a mixture of a useful additive (usually in the form of an emulsion), a water-soluble carrier (e.g., maltodextrin) and optionally an adjuvant to precipitate and facilitate processing so that a suspension forms.

As indicated, beneficial additives are typically included in the suspension in the form of emulsions. These emulsions are either supplied or can be prepared in the laboratory, depending on the availability of useful additives of interest. For example, silicone can be easily purchased from Dow ^® , and a mineral oil emulsion is easier to prepare in a laboratory. Emulsions usually contain 30-50% of the dispersed phase, i.e. useful additives, 2-10% of the emulsifier, and the rest is water.

The carrier is usually obtained in the form of a solution and, as a rule, it is preferable to add aids to precipitate / facilitate processing (if used) to this carrier solution. For example, starch can be prepared in the form of a solution, usually containing an adjuvant to precipitate / facilitate processing. In particular, maltodextrin, for example, can be prepared in the form of a 50% solution, which is maintained at 60-70 ^{° C. by} stirring with an overhead stirrer, and to this maltodextrin solution can be added an aid to precipitate / facilitate processing, if it is used.

As a rule, the emulsion of the beneficial additive and the solution of the carrier and the precipitating / facilitating processing aid are mixed, diluted so that the water content is about 70%, and heated to about 70 ^° C. It should be noted that dilution is used only so that provide a sufficiently low viscosity, which would allow pumping on a laboratory scale. On a large scale, when it is preferable to work with more viscous fluids, dilution is optional. The finished suspension is then pumped to a drying device, for example, to a spray dryer.

If a spray dryer is used, the suspension is pumped into the pipe, the pipe nozzle having a temperature of 80-200 ^° C, preferably 100-200 ^° C. At the end of the nozzle, the suspension is sprayed finely with a parallel stream of high pressure air. As a result, the water evaporates and a flowing powder remains, which traps the beneficial additive.

Thus, as a rule, obtaining a powder involves mixing the carrier and a useful additive at 40 - 80 ^° C, preferably 50 - 70 ^° C, passing the mixture through a spray dryer with a nozzle temperature of 80 - 200 ^° C, preferably 100 - 200 ^° C, pressure 0.10-0.30 MPa and unloading the resulting powder.

 A typical finished activating additive contains 0 - 30% of an auxiliary agent for precipitation / facilitation of technological processing, 1 - 70% of a useful additive, 30 - 98% of a carrier and 1 - 10% of water.

 The finished powder is then introduced into the bars, for which it is first mixed with shavings in an amalgamator. Then the activating powder and shavings for detergents for personal use are extruded to obtain blanks using conventional equipment, and then the bars are pressed from them. Bars containing an activating additive exhibit an improved ability to precipitate a useful additive compared to those bars in the manufacture of which the useful additive is introduced directly into the bars during the mixing step.

PAVING SURFACE-ACTIVE SUBSTANCES
As indicated, in the finished bars contains 1 - 30% activating additives. The remaining ingredients that make up the final bar composition (i.e., from about 99 to 70% of the chips) include chips, which typically include a complex (system) of surfactants that make up the bulk of the washing bar.

 In particular, chips with a complex of surfactants comprise from about 5 to 90% by weight of a complex of surfactants, in which the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of soap (including surfactant systems consisting of soap only ), an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric / zwitterionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and mixtures thereof. This shavings may additionally contain other components that are usually contained in the finished composition for washing bars, for example, micro-amounts of flavorings, preservatives, polymers that make the bars pleasant to the touch, etc.

SYSTEM (COMPOSITION) OF SURFACE-ACTIVE SUBSTANCES
The term "soap" is used in this description in its usual sense, i.e. denotes alkali metal salts or alkanolammonium salts of aliphatic alkane or alkene monocarboxylic acids. Sodium, potassium, mono-, di- and triethanolammonium cations or combinations thereof are suitable for the purposes of the present invention. Typically, sodium soaps are used in the compositions of the present invention, but potassium soaps may comprise from about 1 to about 25% of the soap. The soaps used in the present invention are well-known salts of alkali metals and natural or synthetic aliphatic (alkanoic or alkene) acids having from about 12 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms. They can be described as carboxylates of alkali metals and acrylic hydrocarbons having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms.

 Soaps having a fatty acid distribution of coconut oil may represent the lower limit of a wide range of molecular weights. Those soaps that have a fatty acid distribution of peanut or rapeseed oil, or their hydrogenated derivatives, may represent the upper limit of a wide range of molecular weights.

It is preferable to use soaps having a fatty acid distribution of coconut oil or animal solid fat, or mixtures thereof, since these fats are among the most affordable. The content of fatty acids having at least 12 carbon atoms in coconut oil soap is about 85%. This value will be higher if mixtures of coconut oil and fats, such as solid animal fat, palm oil or oils or fats from non-tropical types of nuts, in which the length of the main chain of fatty acids is C ₁₆ or higher, are used. A preferred soap for use in the compositions of the present invention contains at least about 85% fatty acids having from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms.

 Coconut oil used in the manufacture of soap can be completely or completely replaced with other “attractive” types of oils, i.e. such oils or fats in which at least 50% of the total fatty acids are represented by lauric or myristic acids and mixtures thereof. These oils are commonly cited as examples of tropical nut oils of the coconut oil class. For example, they include palm kernel oil, Babassu Brazil nut oil, uricuri oil, tucum oil, ivory palm oil, murumuru oil, jaboti kernel oil, hakan kernel oil, mango tree seed oil and oil from utsuhuba.

A preferred soap is a mixture of about 15 to 20% coconut oil and about 80 to about 85% solid animal fat. These mixtures contain about 95% fatty acids having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms. Soap can be made from coconut oil, in which case the fatty acid content is about 85% at a C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ chain length.

 Soaps may contain unsaturation according to commercially acceptable standards. Excessive unsaturation is usually avoided.

Soaps can be made by the classical method of boiling in a boiler or by modern methods in which natural fats and oils, such as solid animal fat or coconut oil, or their equivalents, are saponified with alkali metal hydroxide using methods well known to those skilled in the art. Alternatively, soaps can be made by neutralizing fatty acids such as lauric (C ₁₂ ), myristic (C ₁₄ ), palmitic (C ₁₆ ) or stearic (C ₁₈ ) acids, alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate.

The active anionic detergent that can be used can be aliphatic sulfonates, such as primary alkane sulfonate (e.g., C ₈ -C ₂₂ ), primary alkane disulfonate (e.g., C ₈ -C ₂₂ ), C ₈ -C ₂₂ alkene sulfonate, C ₈ -C ₂₂ hydroxyalkanesulfonate or alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate (AGS), or aromatic sulfonates such as alkylbenzenesulfonate.

The anionic compound may also be an alkyl sulfate (e.g., C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkyl sulfate) or an alkyl ether sulfate (including alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates), among the alkyl ether sulfates, compounds having the formula RO (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n SO ₃ can be used M, in which R is alkyl or alkenyl having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, n has an average value of more than 1.0, preferably more than 3, and M is a solubilizing cation, such as sodium potassium, ammonium or deputy brine ammonium. Ammonium and sodium sulfates of lauryl ether are preferred.

Anionic compounds may also be alkyl sulfosuccinates (including mono- and dialkyl, for example C ₆ -C ₂₂ sulfosuccinates); alkyl and acyl taurates; alkyl and aryl sarcosinates; sulfoacetates, C ₈ -C ₂₂ alkyl phosphates and phosphates, alkyl phosphate esters and alkoxyl alkyl phosphate esters, acylactates, C ₈ -C ₂₂ monoalkyl succinates and maleates, sulfoacetates, alkyl glucosides and acyl isothionates.

Sulfosuccinates may be monolacyl sulfosuccinates having the formula R ⁴ O ₂ CCH ₂ CH (SO ₃ M) CO ₂ M, and
amide-MEA sulfosuccinates having the formula
R ⁴ CONHCH ₂ CH ₂ O ₂ CCH ₂ CH (SO ₃ M) CO ₂ M,
in which R ⁴ denotes from C ₈ - to C ₂₂ -alkyl, and M represents a solubilizing cation.

Sarcosinates are usually indicated by the formula
R ¹ CON (CH ₃ ) CH ₂ CO ₂ M,
in which R ¹ denotes from C ₈ to C ₂₀ -alkyl, and M represents a solubilizing cation.

Taurinates are usually denoted by the formula
R ² CONR ³ CH ₂ CH ₂ SO ₃ M,
in which R ² is from C ₈ to C ₂₀ -alkyl, R ³ is from C ₁ to C ₄ -alkyl, and M is a solubilizing cation.

Particularly preferred are C ₈ -C ₁₈ acylisothionates. These esters are prepared by the reaction between an alkali metal isothionate with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and an iodine number of less than 20. At least 75% of the mixed fatty acids have from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and up to 25% 6 to 10 carbon atoms have them.

 Acyl isothionates, if present, typically comprise from about 10 to about 70% by weight of the total bar composition. Preferably, this component is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 60%.

в которой R обозначает алкильную группу, имеющую от 8 до 18 атомов углерода, m представляет собой целое число от 1 до 4, Х и Y представляют собой водород или алкильную группу, имеющую от 1 до 4 атомов углерода, а М⁺ представляет собой одновалентный катион, такой как, например, натрий, калий или аммоний.The acyl isothionate may be an alkoxylated isothionate, such as described in US Pat. No. 5,393,466, incorporated herein by reference. This compound has the general formula

in which R represents an alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, m represents an integer from 1 to 4, X and Y represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and M ⁺ represents a monovalent cation such as, for example, sodium, potassium or ammonium.

в которой R¹ обозначает алкильную или алкенильную группу, имеющую от 7 до 18 атомов углерода;
каждый из R² и R³ независимо представляет собой алкил, гидроксиалкил или карбоксиалкил, имеющий от 1 до 3 атомов углерода;
m = 2 - 4;
n = 0 - 1;
Х представляют собой алкилен, имеющий от 1 до 3 атомов углерода, которые могут быть замещены гидроксилом, и
У представляет собой -СО₂- или -SО₃-.Amphoteric detergents that can be used in the present invention include at least one acid group. It may be a carboxyl or sulfonyl acid group. They include quaternary nitrogen and therefore are quaternary amido acids. Typically, they include alkyl or alkenyl groups having from 7 to 18 carbon atoms. Usually they correspond to the general structural formula

in which R ¹ denotes an alkyl or alkenyl group having from 7 to 18 carbon atoms;
each of R ² and R ³ independently represents alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
m is 2-4;
n is 0 to 1;
X are alkylene having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may be substituted with hydroxyl, and
Y represents —CO ₂ - or —SO ₃ -.

и амидобетаины формулы

в которой n = 2 или 3.Suitable amphoteric detergents within the above general formula include simple betaines of the formula

and amidobetaines of the formula

in which n = 2 or 3.

In both formulas, R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are as defined previously. R ¹ , in particular, may be a mixture of C ₁₂ and C ₁₄ alkyl groups derived from coconut, so that at least half, preferably at least three quarters of the R ¹ groups have from 10 to 14 carbon atoms, R ² and R ^{3 are} preferably methyl.

или

в которой m = 2 или 3,
или производные этих формул, в которых -(СН₂)₃SО₃ заменены нижеследующим:

В этих формулах R¹, R² и R³ таковы, как указано ранее.It is also possible that the amphoteric detergent is sulfobetaine of the formula

or

in which m = 2 or 3,
or derivatives of these formulas in which - (CH ₂ ) ₃ SO _{3 are} replaced by the following:

In these formulas, R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are as previously described.

Nonionic compounds that can be used as the second compound of the present invention include, in particular, reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example, aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide, or separately , or with propylene oxide. Particular compounds of nonionic detergents are alkyl (C ₆ -C ₂₂ ) phenolic ethylene oxide condensates, condensation products of aliphatic (C ₈ -C ₁₈ ) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products obtained by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulfoxides.

 Nonionic compounds may also be sugar amides, such as a polysaccharide amide. In particular, the surfactant may be one of the lactobionamides described in US Pat. No. 5,389,279, which is incorporated herein by reference, or may be one of the sugar amides described in US Pat. No. 5,009,814 (Kelkenberg), which is included in the present description by reference.

 Examples of cationic detergents are quaternary ammonium compounds, such as alkyl dimethyl ammonium halides.

 Other surfactants that can be used are described in US Pat. No. 3,723,325 and in the publication "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol. I&II) (Schwartz, Perry & Berch), which are also incorporated herein by reference.

Although the washing bars may be bars consisting solely of soap, it is preferred that the surfactant system of this chip (forming the bar surfactant system) include:
a) the first synthetic surfactant, which is anionic, and
b) a second synthetic surfactant selected from the group consisting of a second anionic compound different from the first compound, a nonionic compound, amphoteric compound and mixtures thereof.

The first anionic compound may be any of the compounds mentioned above, but it is preferable that it is a C ₈ -C ₁₈ isothionate, as indicated above. Preferably, the acyl isothionate comprises 10 to 90% by weight, preferably 10 to 70%, of the total weight of the bar composition.

 Preferably, the second surfactant is sulfosuccinate, betaine, or a mixture thereof. The second surfactant or mixture of surfactants, as a rule, is 1 to 10% of the total bar composition. In particular, the preferred composition comprises a sufficient amount of sulfosuccinate in order to make up 3-8% of the total bar composition, and a sufficient amount of betaine in order to make up 1-5% of the total bar composition.

TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSING
The activating substances according to this invention are mixed with chips of surfactants in a hopper or belt mixer, where they are processed (for example, processing into a more plastic mass), then blanks are made on a screw machine, stamping and cutting are performed.

 Unless otherwise described, examples of technological operations and comparative examples, or where otherwise clearly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating the amount of material or reaction conditions and / or use, should be understood as modified by the word "about".

 The following examples are intended to further illustrate the invention and in no way limit this invention.

 Except where otherwise indicated, all percentages are weight percentages.

 Example. Production of bars with an activating additive, spray dried.

Suspension
In a large beaker, 232.5 g of water is heated to a temperature above 40 ^° C. 232.5 g of maltodextrin are added with stirring, and then the mixture is stirred and heated until the solution becomes clear. Then, 6.25 g of cationic Merquat 100 polymer with an active substance content of 40% is added. After bringing to a homogeneous state, 465 g of Dow 1650 silicone emulsion containing 50% active substance with a viscosity of the dispersed phase of 60,000 mPa • s ^-1 (60,000 cP) is added and the temperature is maintained at 50-70 ^o C. In case the mixture is too thick for pumping, add another 640.8 g of water to bring the total water content in the mixture to 70%.

Powder making
The mixture is then pumped through a Yamato laboratory mini-spray dryer, Pulvis GB 22. The inlet temperature is set to 200 ^{° C.} and the fine spray pressure is set to 0.15 MPa. The resulting powder is discharged from the cyclone collector from the bottom of the drying chamber. In this case, the size of the spray nozzle is not important. The nozzle is a nozzle for parallel flow.

Bar making
The powder obtained by spray drying is placed in a matrix for the bars using the following procedure:
(1) 1.8 kg of Dove chips (brand) and 0.45 kg of spray dried powder are mixed in the dry state, either in a sufficiently large container or in an amalgamator.

 (2) The mixture is passed through a two-stage Weber-Selander auger machine, where after the first stage the product is obtained in the form of noodles, and in the second stage, a preform is obtained.

 (3) The billet is cut into pieces of such a length that corresponds to the matrix for the bars in the press, and they are used to stamp the bar.

The resulting bar contains about 9.3% (60,000 mPa • s ^-1 ) of poly (dimethylsiloxane).

In vitro sedimentation test
Samples are processed as follows: the bars are rubbed 10 times on a piece of wet pig skin with a size of 25 cm ² , then the resulting liquid is foamed within 30 seconds, and then the skin is rinsed for 10 seconds in water with a temperature of 36.3-39.4 ^o C ( 90-95 ^o F). Then, the treated pig skin is placed in a flask and the silicone is extracted with 10 ml of xylene. The skin is then removed from the flask, and the solvent used for extraction is analyzed for the silicone content using Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy.

 The deposition of silicone on pig skin is comparable to the results obtained when using shower gels.

Claims (16)

 1. The composition of the washing bar, comprising (A) 1 - 30% activating powder containing (A) (a) 1% - 70% (by weight of the powder) of an additive useful to the skin; (b) 15 to 98% (by weight of the powder) of a carrier having a melting point higher than the temperature in the drying chamber in which the specified activating powder is obtained; (c) 1 to 10% (by weight of the powder) of water and (g) 0 to 30% (by weight of the powder) of an aid for precipitating / facilitating the processing selected from the group consisting of (i) anionic, cationogenic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, (ii) cationic polymers and (iii) hydrophilic polymers; and (B) from 99 to 70% of the chips, comprising 5 to 90% of a complex of surfactants, the surfactant being selected from soap, an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a cationogenic surfactants and mixtures thereof, the activating powder obtained by spray drying.  2. The composition according to claim 1, in which the specified beneficial additive before it is subjected to spray drying, is in the form of an emulsion.  3. The composition according to p. 2, in which the specified emulsion contains (a) 30-50% of a useful additive, (b) 2-10% of an emulsifier and (c) water for balance.  4. The composition according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the specified carrier is a partially soluble starch selected from corn and potato starches.  5. The composition according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the specified carrier is a starch, in which 10 weight. % or more of the starch solution in water dissolves to form a clear or substantially clear solution.  6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the starch is maltodextrin.  7. The composition according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which the carrier is a water-soluble non-crystalline solid.  8. The composition according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which the carrier is either: (i) an alkali metal caseinate, (ii) a semi-crystalline water soluble solid, or (iii) gelatin. 9. The composition according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the specified carrier has a melting point above 80 ^o C. 10. The composition according to p. 9, in which the specified carrier has a melting point above 100 ^o C.  11. The composition according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein said deposition aid / facilitator is a surfactant selected from sulfosuccinate, amidobetaine and aldonamides.  12. A composition according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein said hydrophilic polymer is a polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1450-150,000. 13. A method of manufacturing a washing bar according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, in which (A) and (B) are prepared separately, wherein (a), (b), (c) and optionally (d) are mixed at 40 - 80 ^° C; the mixture (a) and (b) is dried by spraying at 80 - 200 ^o C and a pressure of 0.10 - 0.30 MPa, and in which (A) and (B) are mixed, passed through a screw machine and extruded, as a result what do the finished bars get.  14. The method according to p. 13, in which (a), (b) and (c) are mixed until a suspension is formed.  15. The method according to p. 13 or 14, in which the specified carrier (b) is a solution of maltodextrin. 16. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 13-15, in which (a), (b) and (c) are heated to about 70 ^o C.

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