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RU2018119138A - Система и способ обнаружения препятствий в системах воздушного движения - Google Patents

Система и способ обнаружения препятствий в системах воздушного движения Download PDF

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RU2018119138A
RU2018119138A RU2018119138A RU2018119138A RU2018119138A RU 2018119138 A RU2018119138 A RU 2018119138A RU 2018119138 A RU2018119138 A RU 2018119138A RU 2018119138 A RU2018119138 A RU 2018119138A RU 2018119138 A RU2018119138 A RU 2018119138A
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obstacle
airspace
unresponsive
detection system
radar
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RU2018119138A
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RU2018119138A3 (ru
RU2762151C2 (ru
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Цзэ-Ву ЧОЙ
Джеффри Сондерс
Джеймс Д. ПАДУАНО
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Аурора Флайт Сайенсиз Корпорейшн
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/10—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
    • G05D1/101—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions specially adapted for aircraft
    • G05D1/106—Change initiated in response to external conditions, e.g. avoidance of elevated terrain or of no-fly zones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C23/00—Combined instruments indicating more than one navigational value, e.g. for aircraft; Combined measuring devices for measuring two or more variables of movement, e.g. distance, speed or acceleration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
    • G01S13/867—Combination of radar systems with cameras
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/933—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of aircraft or spacecraft
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/0088—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots characterized by the autonomous decision making process, e.g. artificial intelligence, predefined behaviours
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/10—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/10—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
    • G05D1/101—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions specially adapted for aircraft
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/60—Intended control result
    • G05D1/617—Safety or protection, e.g. defining protection zones around obstacles or avoiding hazards
    • G05D1/622—Obstacle avoidance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
    • G08G5/30—Flight plan management
    • G08G5/34—Flight plan management for flight plan modification
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
    • G08G5/70—Arrangements for monitoring traffic-related situations or conditions
    • G08G5/72—Arrangements for monitoring traffic-related situations or conditions for monitoring traffic
    • G08G5/723—Arrangements for monitoring traffic-related situations or conditions for monitoring traffic from the aircraft
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
    • G08G5/70—Arrangements for monitoring traffic-related situations or conditions
    • G08G5/74—Arrangements for monitoring traffic-related situations or conditions for monitoring terrain
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
    • G08G5/80—Anti-collision systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/30—Transforming light or analogous information into electric information
    • H04N5/33—Transforming infrared radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2201/00—UAVs characterised by their flight controls
    • B64U2201/20—Remote controls
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/66—Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/72—Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
    • G01S13/723—Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar by using numerical data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D2111/00—Details of signals used for control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles
    • G05D2111/30—Radio signals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Claims (25)

1. Система обнаружения препятствий для использования в летательном аппарате (346, 700), содержащая:
полезную нагрузку в виде датчика (406) для обнаружения не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) в первом воздушном пространстве, находящемся возле летательного аппарата (346, 700), причем полезная нагрузка в виде датчика (406) содержит радиолокационную станцию для радиального сканирования первого воздушного пространства с выработкой радиолокационной информации, имеющей первое разрешение, и камеру (410) для получения изображения второго воздушного пространства в указанном первом воздушном пространстве с выработкой оптической информации со вторым разрешением, которое выше, чем первое разрешение; и
процессор, функционально соединенный с полезной нагрузкой в виде датчика (406), причем процессор выполнен с возможностью определения местоположения не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) и для определения не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) в виде функции радиолокационной информации и оптической информации.
2. Система обнаружения препятствий по п. 1, в которой камера (410) выполнена с возможностью панорамирования и наклона.
3. Система обнаружения препятствий по п. 2, в которой камера (410) включает в себя датчик (406) длинноволнового инфракрасного излучения.
4. Система обнаружения препятствий по п. 2 или 3, в которой камера (410) включает в себя электрооптический датчик (416), работающий в видимой и ближней инфракрасной области спектра.
5. Система обнаружения препятствий по пп. 2, 3 или 4, в которой оптическая информация включает в себя по меньшей мере одно из теплового сечения и оптического сечения.
6. Система обнаружения препятствий по пп. 1, 2, 3, 4 или 5, в которой
радиолокационная информация включает в себя двумерное местоположение не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) в первом воздушном пространстве, а
оптическая информация включает в себя азимутальное положение не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) во втором воздушном пространстве.
7. Система обнаружения препятствий по пп. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 или 6, в которой процессор выполнен с возможностью выработки прогнозируемой траектории полета для не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) на основании по меньшей мере частично радиолокационной информации и оптической информации.
8. Система обнаружения препятствий по пп. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 или 7, в которой первое воздушное пространство обеспечивает поле обзора величиной 360 градусов вокруг летательного аппарата (346, 700).
9. Система обнаружения препятствий по п. 8, в которой поле обзора величиной 360 градусов остается в плоскости, которая параллельна линии полета, задаваемой летательным аппаратом (346, 700).
10. Способ обнаружения и уклонения от не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) во время эксплуатации летательного аппарата (346, 700), включающий:
сканирование первого воздушного пространства с использованием радиолокационной системы для выработки радиолокационной информации, имеющей первое разрешение;
получение изображения второго воздушного пространства с использованием камеры (410) для выработки оптической информации со вторым разрешением, которое выше, чем первое разрешение, причем второе воздушное пространство находится в указанном первом воздушном пространстве;
отслеживание не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) на основании по меньшей мере частично радиолокационной информации и оптической информации;
выработку прогнозируемой траектории полета на основании по меньшей мере частично радиолокационной информации и оптической информации;
выработку маршрута полета, обеспечивающего уклонение от препятствий, для уклонения от не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) и
сообщение маршрута полета, обеспечивающего уклонение от препятствий, в систему управления полетом летательного аппарата (346, 700).
11. Способ по п. 10, согласно которому летательный аппарат (346, 700) выполнен с возможностью автономного выполнения выработанного маршрута полета, обеспечивающего уклонение от препятствий.
12. Способ по п. 10, согласно которому камера (410) включает в себя датчик (406) длинноволнового инфракрасного излучения, выполненный с возможностью панорамирования и наклона.
13. Способ по п. 10, также включающий этап определения азимутального положения не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) во втором воздушном пространстве с использованием камеры (410).
14. Способ по п. 10, согласно которому радиолокационная станция представляет собой механически вращающуюся корабельную радиолокационную станцию.
15. Способ по п. 10, также включающий этап выработки посредством процессора прогнозируемой траектории полета для не отвечающего на запросы препятствия (344) на основании по меньшей мере частично данных, принимаемых от полезной нагрузки в виде датчика (406).
RU2018119138A 2017-07-17 2018-05-24 Система и способ обнаружения препятствий в системах воздушного движения RU2762151C2 (ru)

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US15/651,512 US10453351B2 (en) 2017-07-17 2017-07-17 System and method for detecting obstacles in aerial systems
US15/651,512 2017-07-17

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