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RU2018100808A - Система обработки выхлопного газа - Google Patents

Система обработки выхлопного газа Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2018100808A
RU2018100808A RU2018100808A RU2018100808A RU2018100808A RU 2018100808 A RU2018100808 A RU 2018100808A RU 2018100808 A RU2018100808 A RU 2018100808A RU 2018100808 A RU2018100808 A RU 2018100808A RU 2018100808 A RU2018100808 A RU 2018100808A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
treatment system
gas treatment
catalyst
component
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RU2018100808A
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English (en)
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RU2732441C2 (ru
RU2018100808A3 (ru
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Вен-Мей КСЮЕ
Джон К. ХОЧМАТ
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Басф Корпорейшн
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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    • B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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    • B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
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    • B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
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    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/25—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an ammonia generator
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Claims (31)

1. Система обработки выхлопного газа, содержащая:
катализатор образования аммиака, содержащий компонент накопления NOx, подложку на основе оксида тугоплавкого металла, компонент платины и компонент палладия, где компонент платины и компонент палладия присутствуют при соотношении платины к палладию более чем 1 к 1, и где катализатор образования аммиака по существу свободен от оксида церия; и
катализатор селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR) ниже по ходу потока от катализатора образования аммиака.
2. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где компонент накопления NOx выбирают из оксида или карбоната щелочного или щелочноземельного металла.
3. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 2, где компонент накопления NOx выбирают из оксида или карбоната одного или более из цезия, бария, магния, кальция и стронция.
4. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 3, где компонент накопления NOx выбирают из оксида или карбоната бария, присутствующего в количестве в интервале от 5% до 30 мас. % на основе оксида, в пересчете на общую массу катализатора образования аммиака.
5. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где подложку на основе оксида тугоплавкого металла выбирают из оксида алюминия, диоксида кремния, диоксида титана, диоксида циркония и их комбинаций.
6. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где соотношение Pt/Pd находится в интервале от 2/1 до 100/1.
7. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 6, где соотношение Pt/Pd находится в интервале от 4/1 до 20/1.
8. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где катализатор образования аммиака и катализатор SCR расположены на отдельных подложках.
9. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где катализатор образования аммиака и катализатор SCR находятся на одной подложке.
10. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где катализатор образования аммиака содержит барий, оксид алюминия, платину и палладий.
11. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где катализатор SCR содержит один или более из материала молекулярного сита и смешанного оксида.
12. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 11, где материал молекулярного сита имеет двойной блок с 6-ти-членными кольцами (d6r).
13. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 12, где материал молекулярного сита выбран из типов каркаса AEI, СНА и AFX.
14. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 13, где материал молекулярного сита имеет тип каркаса СНА.
15. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 11, где материал молекулярного сита имеет соотношение диоксида кремния и оксида алюминия в интервале от 2 до 100.
16. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 11, где материал молекулярного сита промотирован металлом, выбранным из Cu, Fe, Со, Ni, La, Се, Mn, V, Ag, и их комбинаций.
17. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где катализатор SCR расположен на фильтре с проточными стенками.
18. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где катализатор SCR расположен на проточной подложке.
19. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, где фильтр с проточными стенками расположен выше по ходу потока от катализатора SCR, причем фильтр содержит трехходовой катализатор превращения (TWC) и катализатор образования аммиака на нем.
20. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 9, где подложка содержит фильтр с проточными стенками, имеющий входные проходы и выходные проходы, и где катализатор образования аммиака находится на входных проходах, и катализатор SCR находится на выходных проходах.
21. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, дополнительно содержащая трехходовой катализатор превращения (TWC).
22. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 21, где катализатор TWC расположен выше по ходу потока от катализатора образования аммиака.
23. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 21, где катализатор TWC расположен ниже по ходу потока от катализатора образования аммиака.
24. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 1, дополнительно содержащая катализатор окисления аммиака, расположенный ниже по ходу потока от катализатора SCR.
25. Система обработки выхлопного газа по п. 22, где катализатор TWC содержит катализатор TWC на фильтре.
26. Система обработки выхлопного газа, содержащая:
катализатор образования аммиака, который по существу свободен от оксида церия и который содержит компонент накопления NOx, подложку на основе оксида тугоплавкого металла, компонент платины и компонент палладия, где компонент платины и компонент палладия присутствуют при соотношении платины к палладию более чем 2 к 1; и
катализатор селективного каталитического восстановления аммиака (SCR), содержащий материал молекулярного сита, имеющий двойной блок с 6-ти-членными кольцами (d6r), ниже по ходу потока катализатора образования аммиака.
27. Способ обработки потока выхлопного газа двигателя из бензинового двигателя, содержащий протекание потока выхлопного газа двигателя над катализатором образования аммиака; и направление потока выхлопного газа через расположенный ниже по ходу потока катализатор SCR, где катализатор образования аммиака по существу свободен от оксида церия и содержит компонент накопления NOx, подложку на основе оксида тугоплавкого металла, компонент платины и компонент палладия, где компонент платины и компонент палладия присутствуют при соотношении платины к палладию более чем 1 к 1.
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