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RU2016114439A - Осуществляемый с помощью вакуума способ изготовления закрытопористых жестких пенополиуретанов с использованием смешанных порообразователей - Google Patents

Осуществляемый с помощью вакуума способ изготовления закрытопористых жестких пенополиуретанов с использованием смешанных порообразователей Download PDF

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RU2016114439A
RU2016114439A RU2016114439A RU2016114439A RU2016114439A RU 2016114439 A RU2016114439 A RU 2016114439A RU 2016114439 A RU2016114439 A RU 2016114439A RU 2016114439 A RU2016114439 A RU 2016114439A RU 2016114439 A RU2016114439 A RU 2016114439A
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hfo
foam
mixture
forming system
hcfo
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RU2016114439A
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RU2016114439A3 (ru
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Ванни ПАРЕНТИ
Росселла РИЧЧО
Ханс Крамер
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ДАУ ГЛОБАЛ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИЗ ЭлЭлСи
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Publication of RU2016114439A publication Critical patent/RU2016114439A/ru
Publication of RU2016114439A3 publication Critical patent/RU2016114439A3/ru

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    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08J2375/12—Polyurethanes from compounds containing nitrogen and active hydrogen, the nitrogen atom not being part of an isocyanate group

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Claims (15)

1. Способ получения полость-заполняющего, закрытопористого, жесткого пенополиуретана, включающий (a) получение реакционноспособной пенопласт-образующей системы, содержащей в качестве компонентов, по меньшей мере, один органический полиизоцианат; смесь полиолов со средней функциональностью не менее 3,0 гидроксильных групп на молекулу и средней гидроксильной эквивалентной массой от 75 до 250; смесь порообразователей, содержащую воду, по меньшей мере, один HFO или HCFO и, необязательно, по меньшей мере, один углеводород, причем смесь порообразователей содержит 5-60 мольных процентов воды и не менее 2 мольных процентов HFO или HCFO; (b) впрыскивание реакционноспособной пенопласт-образующей системы в полость и расширение пенопласт-образующей системы при пониженном атмосферном давлении; (c) поддержание пониженного атмосферного давления, по крайней мере, до тех пор, пока не образуется гель, и дальнейшее отверждение реакционноспособной пенопласт-образующей системы с получением закрытопористого, жесткого пенополиуретана, имеющего плотность приблизительно ниже 40 кг/м3 и теплопроводность ниже 19 мВт/м·K при средней температуре плиты 10°C, измеренные согласно ISO 12939/DIN 52612.
2. Способ получения полость-заполняющего, закрытопористого, жесткого пенополиуретана, включающий (a) получение реакционноспособной пенопласт-образующей системы, содержащей в качестве компонентов, по меньшей мере, один органический полиизоцианат; смесь полиолов со средней функциональностью не менее 3,0 гидроксильных групп на молекулу и средней гидроксильной эквивалентной массой от 75 до 250; смесь порообразователей, содержащую воду, углеводородный порообразователь и, по меньшей мере, один HFO или HCFO, причем смесь порообразователей содержит 5-60 мольных процентов воды, а мольное соотношение углеводорода и HFO или HCFO составляет от 5:95 до 95:5; (b) впрыскивание реакционноспособной, пенопласт-образующей системы при пониженном атмосферном давлении в полость и расширение пенопласт-образующей системы при пониженном атмосферном давлении; (c) поддержание пониженного атмосферного давления, по крайней мере, до тех пор, пока не образуется гель, и дальнейшее отверждение реакционноспособной, пенопласт-образующей системы с получением закрытопористого, жесткого пенополиуретана, имеющего плотность приблизительно ниже 40 кг/м3 и теплопроводность ниже 19 мВт/м·K при средней температуре плиты 10°C, согласно ISO 12939/DIN 52612.
3. Способ по п. 2, в котором смесь порообразователей содержит 20-60 мольных процентов воды.
4. Способ по п. 3, в котором смесь порообразователей содержит 20-33 мольных процента воды.
5. Способ по п. 4, в котором смесь порообразователей содержит 22-33 мольных процента воды.
6. Способ по любому из пп. 2-5, в котором мольное отношение углеводородного порообразователя к HFO и HFCO составляет от 15:85 до 50:50.
7. Способ по любому из пп. 2-5, в котором мольное отношение углеводородного порообразователя к HFO и/или HFCO составляет от 30:70 до 50:50.
8. Способ по любому из пп. 2-5, в котором мольное отношение углеводородного порообразователя к HFO и HFCO составляет от 15:85 до 30:70.
9. Способ по любому из пп. 2-8, в котором углеводород включает циклопентан.
10. Способ по любому из предшествующих пп., в котором HFO или HCFO представляет собой одно или несколько соединений из HFO 1234ze (1,3,3,3-тетрафторпропена), HCFO 1233zd (1-хлор-3,3,3-трифторпропена), HFO 1336 mzz (1,1,1,4,4,4-гексафторбут-2-ена).
11. Способ по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором HFO или HCFO представляет собой HFO 1336 mzz (1,1,1,4,4,4-гексафторбут-2-ен).
12. Способ по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором порообразователь содержит не более 2 мольных процентов другого порообразователя.
13. Способ по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором пониженное атмосферное давление составляет 35-95 абсолютных кПа.
14. Способ по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором пониженное атмосферное давление составляет 40-90 абсолютных кПа.
15. Способ по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором пенопласт имеет значение λ (лямбда) 17,5 мВт/м·K или меньше и индекс текучести <1,175.
RU2016114439A 2013-09-19 2014-09-18 Осуществляемый с помощью вакуума способ изготовления закрытопористых жестких пенополиуретанов с использованием смешанных порообразователей RU2016114439A (ru)

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