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RU2015145508A - Нетканое полотно, лист или пленка, многослойный лист, формованное изделие и способ получения нетканого полотна - Google Patents

Нетканое полотно, лист или пленка, многослойный лист, формованное изделие и способ получения нетканого полотна Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2015145508A
RU2015145508A RU2015145508A RU2015145508A RU2015145508A RU 2015145508 A RU2015145508 A RU 2015145508A RU 2015145508 A RU2015145508 A RU 2015145508A RU 2015145508 A RU2015145508 A RU 2015145508A RU 2015145508 A RU2015145508 A RU 2015145508A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
thermoplastic polymer
polymer
fiber
nonwoven fabric
fabric according
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RU2015145508A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ясуси Ватанабе
Хидекару ДЗЕХНО
Нобухико МАЦУМОТО
Дзун Митадера
Харуя КУБО
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Арт Энд Тех Ко., Лтд.
Мицубиси Гэс Кемикал Компани, Инк.
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Publication of RU2015145508A publication Critical patent/RU2015145508A/ru

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
    • B29C45/14786—Fibrous material or fibre containing material, e.g. fibre mats or fibre reinforced material
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
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    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4242—Carbon fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
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    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
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    • C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (30)

1. Нетканое полотно, включающее:
термопластическое полимерное волокно (A);
углеродное волокно (B); и
термопластический полимер (C), имеющий температуру стеклования меньше, чем температура стеклования термопластического полимерного волокна (A),
причем термопластический полимер (C) содержится в количестве, составляющем от 1 до 50 мас.%, по отношению к суммарному содержанию термопластического полимерного волокна (A) и термопластического полимера (C).
2. Нетканое полотно по п.1, в котором углеродное волокно (B) имеет среднюю длину волокна, составляющую от 1 до 15 мм.
3. Нетканое полотно по п.1 или 2, в котором термопластическое полимерное волокно (A) имеет среднюю длину волокна, составляющую от 1 до 15 мм.
4. Нетканое полотно по любому из пп.1-3, в котором термопластический полимер (C) присутствует в форме волокна.
5. Нетканое полотно по любому из пп.1-3, в котором термопластический полимер (C) присутствует в форме волокна, имеющего среднюю длину волокна, составляющую от 1 до 15 мм.
6. Нетканое полотно по любому из пп.1-5, которое имеет разность между средней длиной волокна термопластического полимерного волокна (A) и средней длиной волокна углеродного волокна (B), составляющую 10 мм или менее.
7. Нетканое полотно по любому из пп.1-6, которое имеет при смешивании соотношение (массовое соотношение) термопластического полимерного волокна (A) и углеродного волокна (B), составляющее от 99:1 до 25:75.
8. Нетканое полотно по любому из пп.1-7, в котором термопластическое полимерное волокно (A) выбрано из сложнополиэфирного полимера, полиамидного полимера, полиолефинового полимера, полипропиленового полимера, полиэтиленового полимера, акрилового полимера, полиацетального полимера и поликарбонатного полимера.
9. Лист или пленка, получаемые горячим прессованием нетканого полотна по любому из пп.1-8.
10. Лист или пленка, получаемые горячим прессованием нетканого полотна по любому из пп.1-8 с термопластическим полимером (D).
11. Лист или пленка по п.10, в которых термопластический полимер (D) присутствует в форме термопластической полимерной пленки.
12. Многослойный лист, получаемый горячим прессованием нетканого полотна по любому из пп.1-8 со слоем текстильного материала, или многослойный лист, получаемый укладкой нетканого полотна по любому из пп.1-8 и слоя текстильного материала и введением термопластического полимера (E) на нетканое полотно в форму.
13. Многослойный лист по п.12, дополнительно включающий слой связующего материала между нетканым полотном и слоем текстильного материала.
14. Многослойный лист по п.13, в котором слой связующего материала содержит полимер на основе поливинилацеталя.
15. Многослойный лист по любому из пп.12-14, дополнительно включающий термопластический полимер (D), помимо нетканого полотна и слоя текстильного материала.
16     16. Многослойный лист по п.15, в котором термопластический полимер (D) присутствует в форме полимерной пленки.
17. Формованное изделие, получаемое формованием нетканого полотна по любому из пп.1-8, или листа или пленки по любому из пп.9-11, или многослойного листа по любому из пп.12-16 с термопластическим полимером (E) формованием со вставкой.
18. Способ получения нетканого полотна, включающий влажное формование в жидкости композиции, которая содержит термопластическое полимерное волокно (A), углеродное волокно (B) и термопластический полимер (C), имеющий температуру стеклования меньше, чем температура стеклования термопластического полимерного волокна (A); причем композиция содержит термопластический полимер (C) в количестве, составляющем от 1 до 50 мас.% по отношению к суммарному содержанию термопластического полимерного волокна (A) и термопластического полимера (C).
19. Способ получения нетканого полотна по п.18, в котором после влажного формования в жидкости осуществляется нагревание при температуре, составляющей не менее чем температура стеклования термопластического полимера (C).
20     20. Способ получения нетканого полотна по пп.18 или 19, в котором углеродное волокно (B) имеет среднюю длину волокна, составляющую от 1 до 15 мм.
21. Способ получения нетканого полотна по любому из пп.18-20, в котором термопластическое полимерное волокно (A) имеет среднюю длину волокна, составляющую от 1 до 15 мм.
22. Способ получения нетканого полотна по любому из пп.18-21, в котором термопластический полимер (C) присутствует в форме волокна.
23. Способ получения нетканого полотна по любому из пп.18-22, в котором термопластический полимер (C) присутствует в форме волокна, имеющего среднюю длину волокна, составляющую от 1 до 15 мм.
24. Способ получения нетканого полотна по любому из пп.18-23, в котором композиция имеет разность между средней длиной волокна термопластического полимерного волокна (A) и средней длиной волокна углеродного волокна (B), составляющую 10 мм или менее.
25. Способ получения нетканого полотна по любому из пп.18-24, в котором композиция имеет при смешивании соотношение (массовое соотношение) термопластического полимерного волокна (A) и углеродного волокна (B), составляющее от 99:1 до 25:75.
26. Способ получения нетканого полотна по любому из пп.18-25, в котором термопластическое полимерное волокно (A) выбрано из сложнополиэфирного полимера, полиамидного полимера, полиолефинового полимера, полипропиленового полимера, полиэтиленового полимера, акрилового полимера, полиацетального полимера и поликарбонатного полимера.
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