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RU2010118491A - Автоматизированная настройка систем сжигания топлива газовых турбин - Google Patents

Автоматизированная настройка систем сжигания топлива газовых турбин Download PDF

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RU2010118491A
RU2010118491A RU2010118491/06A RU2010118491A RU2010118491A RU 2010118491 A RU2010118491 A RU 2010118491A RU 2010118491/06 A RU2010118491/06 A RU 2010118491/06A RU 2010118491 A RU2010118491 A RU 2010118491A RU 2010118491 A RU2010118491 A RU 2010118491A
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turbine
operating
adjustment
sensors
controller
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RU2010118491/06A
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RU2443885C2 (ru
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Кристофер ЧЭНДЛЕР (US)
Кристофер ЧЭНДЛЕР
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Гэз Тербайн Иффешенси Свиден Аб (Se)
Гэз Тербайн Иффешенси Свиден Аб
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
    • F02C9/28—Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/057—Control or regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/35—Combustors or associated equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/80—Diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/08—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/08—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases
    • F05D2270/082—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases with as little NOx as possible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/14—Purpose of the control system to control thermoacoustic behaviour in the combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/40—Type of control system
    • F05D2270/44—Type of control system active, predictive, or anticipative

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Discharge By Other Means (AREA)

Abstract

1. Система для настройки работы газовой турбины, причем турбина содержит датчики для измерения рабочих параметров турбины, причем рабочие параметры включают в себя динамические характеристики камеры сгорания и выбросы отходящих газов турбины, причем турбина также содержит средства оперативного управления для различных рабочих элементов турбины, таких как распределение топлива турбины и/или температура топлива, и линию связи для датчиков и средств управления, при этом система содержит: ! контроллер, связанный с датчиками и средствами управления, причем контроллер настраивает работу турбины в соответствии со следующим: ! прием рабочих данных из датчиков, ! сравнение рабочих данных с хранящимися операционными стандартными значениями и определение, соответствует ли работа турбины операционным стандартным значениям, причем операционные стандартные значения основаны на операционных приоритетах, ! связь со средствами оперативного управления для осуществления выбранной регулировки в рабочем параметре турбины, ! прием рабочих данных из датчиков при передаче выбранной регулировки для определения, требуется ли дополнительная инкрементная регулировка, и ! после выполнения серии инкрементных регулировок выбор дополнительной регулировки рабочего параметра, и ! прием рабочих данных из датчиков после дополнительной рабочей регулировки, чтобы определить, требуется ли еще дополнительная регулировка. ! 2. Система по п.1, в которой регулировки в рабочем параметре турбины выбираются из группы, содержащей разветвление для распределения топлива камеры сгорания в форсунках камеры сгорания, входную температуру то�

Claims (23)

1. Система для настройки работы газовой турбины, причем турбина содержит датчики для измерения рабочих параметров турбины, причем рабочие параметры включают в себя динамические характеристики камеры сгорания и выбросы отходящих газов турбины, причем турбина также содержит средства оперативного управления для различных рабочих элементов турбины, таких как распределение топлива турбины и/или температура топлива, и линию связи для датчиков и средств управления, при этом система содержит:
контроллер, связанный с датчиками и средствами управления, причем контроллер настраивает работу турбины в соответствии со следующим:
прием рабочих данных из датчиков,
сравнение рабочих данных с хранящимися операционными стандартными значениями и определение, соответствует ли работа турбины операционным стандартным значениям, причем операционные стандартные значения основаны на операционных приоритетах,
связь со средствами оперативного управления для осуществления выбранной регулировки в рабочем параметре турбины,
прием рабочих данных из датчиков при передаче выбранной регулировки для определения, требуется ли дополнительная инкрементная регулировка, и
после выполнения серии инкрементных регулировок выбор дополнительной регулировки рабочего параметра, и
прием рабочих данных из датчиков после дополнительной рабочей регулировки, чтобы определить, требуется ли еще дополнительная регулировка.
2. Система по п.1, в которой регулировки в рабочем параметре турбины выбираются из группы, содержащей разветвление для распределения топлива камеры сгорания в форсунках камеры сгорания, входную температуру топливного газа и соотношение топлива и воздуха в турбине.
3. Система по п.1, в которой настройка посредством контроллера также включает в себя установку операционных приоритетов для работы турбины, причем операционные приоритеты включают в себя одно или более из оптимальных выбросов NOx, оптимального выхода мощности и оптимальных динамических характеристик камеры сгорания.
4. Система по п.3, в которой при настройке посредством контроллера хранящиеся операционные стандартные значения для работы турбины выбираются на основе установленных операционных приоритетов.
5. Система по п.3, в которой настройка посредством контроллера также включает в себя определение преобладающих критериев настройки для несоответствующей работы турбины, причем преобладающие критерии настройки основаны на установленных операционных приоритетах.
6. Система по п.1, в которой контроллер связан с датчиками турбины и средствами управления посредством системы распределенного управления (DCS).
7. Система по п.1, в которой контроллер выбирает регулировку рабочего параметра, имеющую фиксированную величину приращения.
8. Система по п.7, в которой контроллер выбирает регулировку рабочего параметра, имеющую заданный диапазон.
9. Система по п.7, в которой каждая инкрементная регулировка вводится в течение заданного периода времени, достаточного для того, чтобы турбина приобрела операционную устойчивость.
10. Система по п.9, в которой заданный период времени является фиксированным.
11. Система по п.7, в которой настройка посредством контроллера также включает в себя определение преобладающих критериев настройки для несоответствующей работы турбины, причем преобладающие критерии настройки основаны на установленных операционных приоритетах для турбины.
12. Система по п.11, в которой величина выбранной инкрементной регулировки основана на преобладающих критериях настройки.
13. Система по п.1, в которой дополнительная выбранная регулировка включает в себя фиксированную величину приращения и заданный диапазон, причем каждая дополнительная инкрементная регулировка выполняется в течение установленного периода времени, достаточного для того, чтобы турбина приобрела операционную устойчивость.
14. Система по п.1, в которой дополнительный рабочий параметр выбирается на основе преобладающих критериев настройки, определяемых контроллером.
15. Система контроллера для настройки работы газовой турбины, причем турбина содержит датчики для измерения рабочих параметров турбины, таких как выбросы дымовых газов и/или динамические характеристики горения турбины, средства управления для различных рабочих элементов турбины, включающих в себя распределение топлива или температуру топлива, и линию связи для средств датчиков и средств управления рабочими элементами, причем система контроллера содержит:
средства для установки операционных приоритетов для работы турбины, включающих в себя одно или более из группы, содержащей оптимальные выбросы NOx, оптимальный выход мощности и оптимальные динамические характеристики камеры сгорания,
приемные средства для связи со средствами измерения для приема рабочих данных турбины,
средства для сравнения принятых данных с набором заранее определенных допустимых величин на основе установленных операционных приоритетов и для определения, требуется ли настроечная регулировка,
средства для выдачи команд для связи со средствами управления, чтобы осуществлять заданную инкрементную регулировку в выбранном рабочем параметре, управляемом средствами управления, и
средства для определения, привела ли инкрементная регулировка к работе турбины в соответствии с установленными значениями или требуется выполнение дополнительной регулировки.
16. Система для настройки работы газовой турбины, причем турбина содержит средства измерения для измерения рабочих параметров турбины, включающих в себя выбросы дымовых газов и/или динамические характеристики горения турбины, средства управления для различных рабочих элементов турбины, включая распределение топлива, температуру топлива и/или температуру отходящих газов турбины, и линию связи между средствами измерения и средствами управления рабочими элементами, причем система содержит:
компьютерный контроллер, связанный посредством линии связи со средствами измерения и средствами управления, причем компьютерный контроллер настраивает работу турбины в соответствии со следующим:
прием рабочих данных из средств измерения турбины,
сравнение рабочих данных с хранящимся рабочим стандартным значением и определение, требуется ли регулировка средств оперативного управления,
после определения требуемой регулировки связь со средствами оперативного управления посредством линии связи, чтобы выполнить заданную инкрементную регулировку в рабочем параметре турбины, и
прием из средств измерения турбины рабочих данных, относящихся к отрегулированной работе турбины, и сравнение рабочих данных с хранящимся операционным стандартным значением, чтобы определить, требуется ли дополнительная инкрементная регулировка в рабочем параметре.
17. Способ настройки работы газовой турбины, причем турбина содержит датчики для измерения рабочих параметров турбины, средства управления для различных рабочих элементов турбины и систему распределенного управления (DCS), связанную со средствами измерения и средствами управления рабочими элементами, причем способ включает в себя:
установление линии связи с DCS и прием данных от датчиков,
сравнение принятых данных с установленным стандартным значением, чтобы определить, требуется ли регулировка в пределах средств оперативного управления,
связь с DCS для выполнения заданной инкрементной регулировки в рабочем параметре турбины, который управляется средствами управления, и
прием от датчиков посредством DCS дополнительных данных, относящихся к работе турбины, и определение, привела ли регулировка к работе турбины в соответствии с установленным стандартным значением или требуется дополнительная инкрементная регулировка.
18. Способ определения основного сценария настройки системы сжигания газовой турбины посредством использования булевой иерархической логики и множества уровней управляющих установочных параметров.
19. Способ автоматизированного управления температурой топлива на входе газовой турбины посредством автоматического изменения заданного значения для управления температурой топливного газа в системе распределенного управления (DCS).
20. Способ автоматизированного управления температурой топлива на входе газовой турбины посредством автоматического изменения заданного значения для управления температурой топливного газа в контроллере температуры топливного газа.
21. Способ передачи сигналов управления турбиной в контроллер газовой турбины посредством использования имеющейся сети связи газовой турбины с внешним устройством управления (например, портом протокола MODBUS Serial или протокола связи Ethernet, имеющимся на контроллере турбины для связи с DCS установки).
22. Способ изменения требований/установочных параметров автоматической настройки системы сжигания топлива газовой турбины посредством дисплея интерфейса пользователя, который использует тумблерные переключатели с булевой логикой для выбора критериев оптимизации, требующихся пользователю.
23. Способ по п.22, в которой одним из критериев оптимизации является оптимальная динамика горения, причем переключение данного переключателя изменяет величину установочного параметра (параметров) для управления динамическими характеристиками камеры сгорания.
RU2010118491/06A 2009-05-08 2010-05-07 Автоматизированная настройка систем сжигания топлива газовых турбин RU2443885C2 (ru)

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US12/463,060 US8437941B2 (en) 2009-05-08 2009-05-08 Automated tuning of gas turbine combustion systems
US12/463,060 2009-05-08

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RU2010118491A true RU2010118491A (ru) 2011-11-27
RU2443885C2 RU2443885C2 (ru) 2012-02-27

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US (3) US8437941B2 (ru)
EP (1) EP2249007B1 (ru)
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